John-Erik
"8.1. The Validity of Force-Particle Duality
The genesis of the force-particle duality or the particles
creating the forces of nature, electromagnetic force, weak
force, strong force, and gravity goes back to the photons. It all
started with the misconceived foundation of the mysterious
photons, and the idea that the electromagnetic force is created
by exchanging the quantum particles or photons.
Now, we know that there are no quantum light particles or
photons. So, electromagnetic force can’t be a result of the
exchange of the non-existent photons. The idea, that the
electromagnetic force is a result of the exchange of photon, is
no longer true. Then, what about the whole notion of particles
creating forces of nature; this is questionable, no longer a
general statement that applies to all the forces of nature. Can
the each force-particle duality hold for specific forces on their
own merits even when the electromagnetic force-photon
duality no longer presents or holds? One thing is certain; there
are no mass-less particles and hence gravity can’t be a result of
a particle." - "The Light in a New Light: Always a Wave, Never a Particle" Bandula Dahanayake
Laurence