Currently the sudo executable called can be set in ansible.cfg, though this is there to support those that wish to use other sudo compatible implementations, and is global.
It is not possible to set this variable on a per inventory record basis, though it would be possible to tweak Ansible to allow this (pull requests would be welcome, if not, file a ticket).
Ultimately you *do* need to edit the path right now.
I'm not sure if other folks on Solaris 10 have had this problem, that seems pretty unfortunate that the OS developers wouldn't bother putting sudo in the user's path.