Hi Santiago,
You are comparing entirely different things.
In the angular part, you force a $digest., and the polymer part you are just calling the task that does the watching.
basically you compare a full update with a check that checks if there is a need to do a more comprehensive test. and that later one might update the UI.
There happens a lot under the hood in both frameworks. Both have their strengths and weaknesses.
I doubt that when you compare a real application in both, there will be a large difference in performance.
And do not forget, AngularJS is in production, while Polymer is in developer preview. I'm not sure what that means, but I suspect that's not even in beta ;)
Regards
Sander