[New project] The Voyage of the Beagle by Charles Darwin

[David Grigg]

Looking for another project to do as a break from Boswell, I thought I might tackle Darwin’s Voyage of the Beagle, since I produced Origin of Species a few years ago.

Unless they are referenced in the text, which I don’t think they are, I don’t propose to include any illustrations.

OK?

[Alex Cabal]

OK! You can keep the illustrations since they're unique to this
nonfiction book. Though most of them don't look appropriate for SVG
conversion.

Though I'm not sure how this extremely long book with hundreds of
endnotes is any kind of break from Boswell :)

On 8/17/23 5:11 AM, David Grigg wrote:
> Looking for another project to do as a break from Boswell, I thought I

> might tackle Darwin’s /Voyage of the Beagle/, since I produced /Origin
> of Species/ a few years ago.

>
> Unless they are referenced in the text, which I don’t think they are, I
> don’t propose to include any illustrations.
>
> OK?
>

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[David at Standard Ebooks]

I now see that the illustrations are in fact referred to in the text ("the accompanying woodcut" etc) so I agree I should keep them. I'll try to hunt up the best scans of them I can.

A couple of hundred endnotes? A mere bagatelle, compared with Boswell's 5500 plus !

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[David Grigg]

I'm struggling a little with finding a cover (so what's new?) for this book. What do you think of this painting of a vicuña, an animal Darwin describes in the book, in a South American landscape? It's CC0 from the Yale Center for British Art here: https://collections.britishart.yale.edu/catalog/tms:521

[Alex Cabal]

I suppose that might work. Are there any paintings of the ship? There
are some watercolors (which would be unsuitable). What about a generic
masted ship seascape painting?

On 8/18/23 10:12 PM, David Grigg wrote:
> I'm struggling a little with finding a cover (so what's new?) for this
> book. What do you think of this painting of a vicuña, an animal Darwin
> describes in the book, in a South American landscape? It's CC0 from the
> Yale Center for British Art
> here: https://collections.britishart.yale.edu/catalog/tms:521
>

>>> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/caa632ad-81b0-4c73-b48d-3bb8c036bd45n%40googlegroups.com <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/caa632ad-81b0-4c73-b48d-3bb8c036bd45n%40googlegroups.com> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/caa632ad-81b0-4c73-b48d-3bb8c036bd45n%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/caa632ad-81b0-4c73-b48d-3bb8c036bd45n%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>>.

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[David at Standard Ebooks]

I can't find an oil painting of the HMS Beagle which is not modern.

How about this, which is The Nitrate Ship by Thomas Somerscales, PD proof here: https://archive.org/details/royalacademypict1908roya/page/35/mode/1up

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[Christopher Hapka]

I poked around a bit and found this, a painting hosted at Wikimedia Commons of another ship of the same class (Cherokee-class brig-sloop) as the Beagle:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:H.M.S._Britomart_in_a_Heavy_Squall_off_Port_Macquarie,_by_Owen_Stanley.jpg

[David at Standard Ebooks]

Christopher: thanks for this, but it's pretty obviously a watercolour, and we don't have PD proof in any case.

Alex, is my choice of the Somerscales painting OK? It's not quite the right ship (3 masts instead of 2)

Alternatively, there's this, which looks more accurate (though the Beagle wouldn't have cannon poking out, I guess). It's a detail from "Off the Needles, Isle of Wight", here: https://collections.britishart.yale.edu/catalog/tms:38546 . I despair of finding an actual PD painting of the Beagle itself).

[David at Standard Ebooks]

There are lots of other paintings of sailing ships at the Yale Center but they almost all have obvious Royal Navy (or US Navy) flags showing.

<beagle.jpeg>

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[Alex Cabal]

This one looks pretty good. The other one is next to an iceberg which
might be strange if they didn't actually visit that kind of landscape.

HMS Beagle *was* in the Royal Navy, so I don't see why a Royal Navy flag
would be a problem. If there's a more accurate looking ship with a RN
flag then why not?

On 8/18/23 11:03 PM, David at Standard Ebooks wrote:
> I can't find an oil painting of the HMS Beagle which is not modern.
>
> How about this, which is The Nitrate Ship by Thomas Somerscales, PD
> proof here:
> https://archive.org/details/royalacademypict1908roya/page/35/mode/1up

> <https://archive.org/details/royalacademypict1908roya/page/35/mode/1up>

> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/292b2ba2-5c34-4513-ae0b-4faf5176011b%40Spark <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/292b2ba2-5c34-4513-ae0b-4faf5176011b%40Spark?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>.

[David]

Just in the interests of pedantry ;) the "other one" isn't next to an iceberg, it's next to chalk, just off the south coast of England.

FWIW!

David / Fife, UK

[David at Standard Ebooks]

Huh, for some reason I thought the Beagle was a decomissioned Royal Navy ship. My mistake. OK, I'll keep looking.

[David at Standard Ebooks]

OK, here's another possible one, much more dramatic, and of the right sort of period (there are a lot of exciting paintings of ships in storms, but they all seem to date to the 1600s). It's CC0 from the Brighton and Hove Museums, titled "Man-O-War at Sea", painter name unknown by the look of it, it's just listed as "English School". Might not be exactly the right type of vessel, but it must be close, I think (?). Some faint cracking of the paint, but I think it's ignorable. What do you think?



 

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[David at Standard Ebooks]

Sorry, PD proof here: https://collections.brightonmuseums.org.uk/records/5e976644c7e3110017476c53

On 22 Aug 2023 at 11:13 AM +1000, David at Standard Ebooks <standar...@thegriggs.org>, wrote:

OK, here's another possible one, much more dramatic, and of the right sort of period (there are a lot of exciting paintings of ships in storms, but they all seem to date to the 1600s). It's CC0 from the Brighton and Hove Museums, titled "Man-O-War at Sea", painter name unknown by the look of it, it's just listed as "English School". Might not be exactly the right type of vessel, but it must be close, I think (?). Some faint cracking of the paint, but I think it's ignorable. What do you think?

<voyage-of-beagle.jpeg>
 

On 22 Aug 2023 at 10:34 AM +1000, David at Standard Ebooks <standar...@thegriggs.org>, wrote:

Huh, for some reason I thought the Beagle was a decomissioned Royal Navy ship. My mistake. OK, I'll keep looking.

On 22 Aug 2023 at 1:32 AM +1000, Alex Cabal <al...@standardebooks.org>, wrote:

This one looks pretty good. The other one is next to an iceberg which
might be strange if they didn't actually visit that kind of landscape.

HMS Beagle *was* in the Royal Navy, so I don't see why a Royal Navy flag
would be a problem. If there's a more accurate looking ship with a RN
flag then why not?

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[Alex Cabal]

To be honest I like 'The Nitrate Ship' better. If both are not
especially accurate in terms of type of ship, then Nitrate is the better
painting.

On 8/21/23 8:14 PM, David at Standard Ebooks wrote:
> Sorry, PD proof here:

> https://collections.brightonmuseums.org.uk/records/5e976644c7e3110017476c53 <https://collections.brightonmuseums.org.uk/records/5e976644c7e3110017476c53>

> On 22 Aug 2023 at 11:13 AM +1000, David at Standard Ebooks
> <standar...@thegriggs.org>, wrote:
>> OK, here's another possible one, much more dramatic, and of the right
>> sort of period (there are a lot of exciting paintings of ships in
>> storms, but they all seem to date to the 1600s). It's CC0 from the
>> Brighton and Hove Museums, titled "Man-O-War at Sea", painter name
>> unknown by the look of it, it's just listed as "English School". Might
>> not be exactly the right type of vessel, but it must be close, I think
>> (?). Some faint cracking of the paint, but I think it's ignorable.
>> What do you think?
>>
>>
>> <voyage-of-beagle.jpeg>
>> On 22 Aug 2023 at 10:34 AM +1000, David at Standard Ebooks
>> <standar...@thegriggs.org>, wrote:

>>> Huh, for some reason I thought the Beagle was a *decomissioned* Royal

>>> Navy ship. My mistake. OK, I'll keep looking.
>>> On 22 Aug 2023 at 1:32 AM +1000, Alex Cabal
>>> <al...@standardebooks.org>, wrote:
>>>
>>> This one looks pretty good. The other one is next to an iceberg which
>>> might be strange if they didn't actually visit that kind of
>>> landscape.
>>>
>>> HMS Beagle *was* in the Royal Navy, so I don't see why a Royal
>>> Navy flag
>>> would be a problem. If there's a more accurate looking ship with a RN
>>> flag then why not?
>>>
>>>
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[David at Standard Ebooks]

OK, great!

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[David at Standard Ebooks]

A modernize spelling question. In Chapter 18, this passage occurs:

"At the mill, a New Zealander was seen powdered white with flower, like his brother miller in England.."

It's clear from context that by "flower" is what we would spell "flour". It's a sound-alike change, should I change it (as Editorial, of course)?

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[Alex Cabal]

Yup!

On 9/14/23 11:52 PM, David at Standard Ebooks wrote:
> A modernize spelling question. In Chapter 18, this passage occurs:
>

> "At the mill, a New Zealander was seen powdered white with *flower*,

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[David Grigg]

Darwin refers throughout the book to the Captain of the Beagle as Captain Fitz Roy (two words, each capitalised). Do you want me to convert this to FitzRoy (one word, camel case) or  Fitzroy (one word, no initial caps)? The latter is certainly the more conventional modern spelling. It would be an editorial commit, of course.

[Vince]

Wiki at least has it as the former, FitzRoy.
Interestingly, the Spanish language page says “a veces Fitz Roy o Fitz-Roy,” but the English/French/German language pages don’t. (I didn’t look at the other 40 languages the article comes in.)
The English article also says that Mount Fitz Roy in Patagonia was named after him, but so was the Admiral Fitzroy Inn in Rhode Island.

Apparently it can be spelled any old which-a-way. :)

I know, no help whatsoever, but I thought it was interesting/amusing.

[David Grigg]

For the moment I'll leave it as Darwin spells it.

Other than that issue, I believe it is now ready for review: https://github.com/drgrigg/charles-darwin_the-voyage-of-the-beagle

A couple of notes:

(1) Other than the frontispiece, I have treated all the internal illustrations as black and white line art and turned them into SVGs. There's often quite a bit of what looks like shading in the illustrations, but Darwin refers to them as woodcuts, and the printer couldn't be printing shades of grey in the body of the book (there's no dithering evident).

(2) Because it's a journal, wherever Darwin starts a paragraph with a date I've tagged them as se:diary.dateline. If that isn't correct, then I can do a search/replace, but they will then need some kind of class so the dates can be targeted to be in italics to match the scans.

[David Grigg]

Whoops, no it's NOT ready yet for review! 

[David Grigg]

I really need some help here. I ran lint and it complained about the SVG illustrations, like this:

 x-003 │ Error    │ illustration-2.svg  │ Illegal transform attribute. SVGs should be optimized to remove use of transform.   │
│       │          │                     │ Try using Inkscape to save as an “optimized SVG”.                                   │
├───────┼──────────┼─────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│       │          │                   → │ transform="translate(-26.718 -43.836)"                                              │
├───────┼──────────┼─────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ x-004 │ Error    │ illustration-2.svg  │ Illegal style="fill: #000" or fill="#000".   

Now these files were GENERATED by Inkscape as "Plain SVG" — so far as I can find there's no "Optimized SVG" export, which is what lint tells me to do. I've then run these SVG files through SVGOMG and the command-line svgo, both of which are supposed to remove transforms. Neither of them fixed the problem.

I've attached a couple of the SVG files in their current state. Can someone please suggest to me the right tools, or the right command-line options to fix the problem (which I've never hit before).

[Emma Sweeney]

I just opened these in inkscape, used the inkscape apply transform extension, and saved them as optimized SVGs. Do these SVGs fix your problems?

Emma

[Vince]

Interesting. svgo didn’t do anything here, either. There’s a lone transform in the last line, and it didn’t touch it. That’s … weird.

As I’m sure you know, Affinity Designer has a “flatten transform” option on export; that did get rid of it, but it almost doubled the size as well. But one of the online optimizers can take care of that.

Or, if Emma’s Inkscape worked, then Inkscape would be easier (albeit I still find it iffy on MacOS, but it’s definitely improved over the last couple of releases).

[David at Standard Ebooks]

Thanks so much, Emma. These did indeed avoid the lint problem I was having. Obviously I need to learn far more about Inkscape than I do. I only started using it because Alex asked me to do so for the recent "How To" I added to the website. I had no idea there was an "Apply transform" function in it.

Thanks also to Vince for his advice.

[David at Standard Ebooks]

The other thing I learned today was that I should have been using “Save As” rather than “Export”. It’s only when using “Save As” that you can choose “Optimized SVG”. Hooray!

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[David at Standard Ebooks]

OK, I think this is NOW ready for review! It was more effort than I expected, but a very enjoyable read.

https://github.com/drgrigg/charles-darwin_the-voyage-of-the-beagle

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[Alex Cabal]

David, are any of the endnotes *not* by Darwin? If not then we can
remove all of the <cite>s since it's assumed the author is the annotator
unless otherwise stated.

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[David at Standard Ebooks]

OK, will do. They are all by him. I’m by now a bit rusty with some of our basic rules, though I have the SEMOS bookmarked on my desktop for regular consultation. I blame Boswell!

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[David at Standard Ebooks]

OK, that's done.

[Alex Cabal]

OK, looks very good David, thanks! I've gone ahead and released it.

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[Kevin Palm]

David, I just have to say that I LOVE your cover image!  VERY striking!

[Sean Perkins]

David,

Are you on Mac, what were you using that worked before trying Inkscape? I can't get Inkscape to produce a usable svg. Saving as optimized svg it still saves the transforms.

Thank,

Sean

[David]

I'm not *that* "David", but I've run into this issue, too.

In Inkscape (any platform), go to Object > Transform. You should get a dialog that looks like this:

"Select" your whole SVG. You want the values to be `0.000`, just like in this image. SVGs can be fiddly thing, but Inkscape should do the job for you.

(And just in case: there is this "how-to" which David Grigg wrote; also this step-by-step, and one more for good measure.)

Hope that helps!

David / Fife, UK

On Thursday, 20 November 2025 at 22:02:17 UTC Sean wrote:

David,

Are you on Mac, what were you using that worked before trying Inkscape? I can't get Inkscape to produce a usable svg. Saving as optimized svg it still saves the transforms.

Thank,

Sean

On Wednesday, September 20, 2023 at 8:51:34 PM UTC-4 David at Standard Ebooks wrote:

Thanks so much, Emma. These did indeed avoid the lint problem I was having. Obviously I need to learn far more about Inkscape than I do. I only started using it because Alex asked me to do so for the recent "How To" I added to the website. I had no idea there was an "Apply transform" function in it.

Thanks also to Vince for his advice.

[David]

Oops - I forgot to link to the "how-to":
https://standardebooks.org/contribute/how-tos/how-to-create-svgs-from-maps-with-several-colors

[Sean Perkins]

Thanks David!

[Sean Perkins]

David, I was wondering if I could ask you one more thing. I was under the impression that all illustrations had to be in SVG but looking at the repos this is not the case, not even within the same project. So, what sort of illustration should be SVG and which should be JPG or a pixel based image type? If it is pixels, does it matter if it's PNG or JPG?

Thanks

[David]

First off, have a look at the relevant section of the Manual:

https://standardebooks.org/manual/1.8.4/single-page#10.5

The basic rule of thumb is: if an image can be readily "traced", then it's a candidate for SVG. But sometimes there are photographs (e.g., in travel nonfiction) which aren't traceable - they stay as JPGs. See also Robin's epic production of the Beatrix Potter Short Fiction. :) Also Gijs van Tulder's production of _Scramble among the Alps_. There are of course others which are illustration-heavy, and will give you a good sense of what is JPG, PNG, or SVG.

[Sean Perkins]

Thank you David.