Hello all,Creating a place holder for my frame design (C3 Ballscrews/ Leadshine hybrid closed loop steppers etc). I will be hoping to get some input from you on it when it is a little further along. For now, a little teaser of the COMPLETELY parametric design build:
Peter.
Looks great Peter. May I ask why you opted to go with ballscrews? Unless you have a very large pitch they are notoriously slow. Especially for this kind of work.
What RPM can the Leadshine steppers produce?
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If you want to have fewer problems with the linear rails, I'd recommend getting the surface where the rails mount machined flat. Misumi will do this for you for not too much extra cost (ok, it's not cheap, but pretty reasonable compared to sending it out to someone else). Aluminum extrusions are often twisted, and not flat, which is a problem when mounting linear guides.
Peter you dirty dog, my wife does not appreciate all the projects and ideas you dangle out there! I’ve wanted to try ballscrews but with some real beefy rods as opposed rails/extrusion this time.
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If you want to have fewer problems with the linear rails, I'd recommend getting the surface where the rails mount machined flat. Misumi will do this for you for not too much extra cost (ok, it's not cheap, but pretty reasonable compared to sending it out to someone else). Aluminum extrusions are often twisted, and not flat, which is a problem when mounting linear guides.
T5 is not for linear motion, it's for timing. GT2 is designed specifically for linear motion and the tooth profile limits backlash. You CAN buy wider GT2 belts, which is what the mid-tier machines use.Jason
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Thanks Jason and Marek. I think I will shift to screws driven by belts. It will make the machine much more compact, and eliminates the complication of mounting the motor and shaft coupling. I suppose backlash of the coupling is also practically eliminated. I'm hot on the trail for wide (15mm+) GT2 belts!
Thanks for the input!
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The screw position is referenced to the very top forward edge of the gantry extrusion. If you wanted to use this design for, lets say a laser, this screw position would not likely be ideal. For a laser we would probably want the ballnut bracket to mount directly to a plate that is sitting on the linear rail bearing block.
Changing the XscrewPositionY parameter to 7mm, and changing the XpulleyCenter parameter to 72mm (to allow for a 208mm belt, this automatically changes the position of the servo relative to the screw, and for this X screw location we need a little more space in between them), we now see that a standard ballnut mounting block will be flush with the mounting surface of the X linear rail bearing block. If you wanted to move the screw up or down in Z, you could simply modify the XscrewPositionZ parameter to move it in the Z plane. You will also notice that all of the brackets automatically adjust shape as well as you change the parameters.
I am painfully mulling over every little detail, like the ball screw mounts, ensuring they have appropriate radial and axial support:
Of course all aspects are adjustable through the parameter tables, like bed width, bed height, height of the gantry, how much the front and back of the machine extends past the end of the bed, rail heights (in case you want to use rails other that the 12mm rails in the design). You can even change the servo/ stepper mounting patterns just by using the parameter tables, so switching between NEMA23 and NEMA17 is as easy as adjusting a couple of values.
So that's it for this update, still lots to do. I'm hoping some of you might find this useful!
Peter Betz.
Hello again everyone!I thought I would post some progress on my frame design. I'm trying to make it so completely parametric that a person could use it for almost anything. To say that has been challenging would be a understatement to say the least....To give you an idea of what I mean we can look at the design with my head mounted:
The screw position is referenced to the very top forward edge of the gantry extrusion. If you wanted to use this design for, lets say a laser, this screw position would not likely be ideal. For a laser we would probably want the ballnut bracket to mount directly to a plate that is sitting on the linear rail bearing block.
Changing the XscrewPositionY parameter to 7mm, and changing the XpulleyCenter parameter to 72mm (to allow for a 208mm belt, this automatically changes the position of the servo relative to the screw, and for this X screw location we need a little more space in between them), we now see that a standard ballnut mounting block will be flush with the mounting surface of the X linear rail bearing block. If you wanted to move the screw up or down in Z, you could simply modify the XscrewPositionZ parameter to move it in the Z plane. You will also notice that all of the brackets automatically adjust shape as well as you change the parameters.
I am painfully mulling over every little detail, like the ball screw mounts, ensuring they have appropriate radial and axial support:
Of course all aspects are adjustable through the parameter tables, like bed width, bed height, height of the gantry, how much the front and back of the machine extends past the end of the bed, rail heights (in case you want to use rails other that the 12mm rails in the design). You can even change the servo/ stepper mounting patterns just by using the parameter tables, so switching between NEMA23 and NEMA17 is as easy as adjusting a couple of values.
G’Day Peter,
If you would like some firsthand experience with linear guides and various means of linear drives I can offer the following:
From my (large) Core XY laser cutter experience, don’t underestimate the problems in achieving fully trammed linear guide rails. First hurdle is to overcome binding when the new rails are not perfectly straight and twist free.
From my CNC Router, it took a lot of fine fiddly adjustments until the ball screws ran completely parallel to the linear guides. Funny how simple assumptions in design are really challenging in practise.
Then, there is inertia to consider.
The inertia of the gantry can be more than matched by the rotational inertia of a ball screw driving it. (Especially if you are considering a common 1605 type) For an application requiring rapid directional changes this is a big factor. Search up the engineering on this and you might be surprised.
High end PnP machines that do employ ball screws use some exotic versions with coarse pitches like 20+mm per turn to reduce the inertia per unit travel and achieve reasonable acceleration.
Agree with Jason having tried T5 timing belt & GT2. The T5 15mm Kevlar introduced a 0.1mm backlash (repeatable), but I can live with that on the router as a trade-off for quite respectable rapids on the 1500mm Y axis.
GT2 is designed to eliminate backlash, but in garden variety 6 & 9 mm is limited in power & speed. Robotdigg was able to supply wide GT2 belt (18mm) and https://www.robotdigg.com/product/939/GT2-profile-Pulley-made-from-Brass-for-high-torque
high quality brass pulleys to match. In my opinion, as fitted to mid-range commercial machines wide GT2 is a practical and fully functional solution that is time efficient to employ even on a Nema 23 motor.
Instead of attaching linear guides to extrusions, have you considered using larger profile linear guides on their own as some of the commercial machines do? Robotdigg can supply HiWin knock offs, but I can’t say how good they are. https://www.robotdigg.com/product/1122/HGR15,-HGR20,-HGR25,-HGR30-Linear-Rail-or-matching-Carriage I wonder if anyone has tried them?
Another option that does work well is the linear round shaft & linear bearings. I used 16mm for the Y axis on my first PnP along with a pair of 18mm GT2 belts. By just supporting the Y axis shaft at each end, it creates an aperture each side to allow part feeding. It is also cheap and readily available. For the gantry I used a pair of 12mm shafts and a single 18mm GT2 belt.
Like every engineering challenge, there are compromises - especially cost verses accuracy and time / labour to build.
Good luck and keep up the good work.
Cheers,
Ron
Hi Peter, what software are you using for the parametric construction? BG
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