NS3 Hello simulator error

[Christian Batchi]

Dear All,

I have installed NS3.35 on my VMware but when trying running the following command: ./waf --run hello - simulator or sudo ./waf --run manet-routing-compare --vis I am getting the following error:

sudo : ./waf command no found

Please see   below:

~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/examples/routing$ ls

dynamic-global-routing.cc    global-routing-multi-switch-plus-router.cc  mixed-global-routing.cc  simple-alternate-routing.cc   simple-routing-ping6.cc    wscript

examples-to-run.py           global-routing-slash32.cc                   ripng-simple-network.cc  simple-global-routing.cc      simple-routing-ping6.py

global-injection-slash32.cc  manet-routing-compare.cc                    rip-simple-network.cc    simple-multicast-flooding.cc  static-routing-slash32.cc

~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/examples/routing$ ./waf --run manet-routing-compare

bash: ./waf: No such file or directory

~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/examples/routing$ sudo ./waf --run manet-routing-compare --vis

[sudo] password  

sudo: ./waf: command not found

~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/examples/routing$ sudo ./waf --run manet-routing-compare --vis

sudo: ./waf: command not found

~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/examples/routing$

Your input will be appreciated. Thanks

[Tom Henderson]

Waf commands need to be run from the ns-3.35 directory, so please try
again from that directory.

Also, you do not need to run the commands under sudo; it is recommended
not to do so.

- Tom

[igs...@gmail.com]

Yesterday, I tried to install the new version of ns3 (ns3.35) in chroot jail environment.
And it was successful.

You may clearly understand where you have to issue the command ./waf, if you see the following step by step procedure.
Even, in future, if your host OS is Linux, then you may try the whole installation on chroot jail environment for getting near native performance.
Technically chroot based install will give better performance than any other virtualization like VirtualBox and VMWare.

Installing ns3.35 in Debian 10 chroot Jail Under Debian 11 Host OS or any Version of Linux Host

(In that procedure, I installed it under /home/ folder (since it is a chroot environment). You may be installing it under /home/user_name folder)


Charles Pandian

[Tom Henderson]

(please note I am changing the subject line of this thread to something
more appropriate)

> Installing ns3.35 in Debian 10 chroot Jail Under Debian 11 Host OS or
> any Version of Linux Host

> <https://www.projectguideline.com/installing-ns3-35-in-debian-10-chroot-jail-under-debian-11-host-os-or-any-version-of-linux-host/>

>
> (In that procedure, I installed it under /home/ folder (since it is a
> chroot environment). You may be installing it under /home/user_name folder)
>

Charles, thanks for sharing that blog post. May I ask more about these
points:

"The most common issues that we may face under native hardware are:

The Unix/Linux variant operating system(host OS) that is previously
installed in the native hardware will not support or will not have the
necessary version of GCC and other dependent packages that are needed to
compile ns3.35 and NetAnim successfully.
Further, if we try to install the necessary version on GCC and
other dependent packages under the host operating system, then it may
raise some package conflicts so that some of the software that is
previously installed in the system may fail to work."

Are you experiencing problems with ns-3.35 compatibility on your
native/host operating systems; specifically, with Debian 11?

- Tom

[Christian Batchi]

Thank you Tom for the feedback. I will try again.

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Christian

[Charles Pandian]

 Mr. Tom,

ns3.35 and netanim-3.108 are installing under Debian 11 without any problem.

What I mean as "native hardware/OS installation issue" in that post is:

Generally,  one will use an old Linux distribution for a long time and get used to it. If they decide to install ns3.35 on that, then it will require gcc/g++ versions 4.9 or above. For that, they will try to install the latest gcc and its dependent dev-libraries. In that case, the apt installer may advise removing some conflicting old package/library and it may spoil the working of another software that is previously installed in the system.

In that case they will decide to install ns-3 under a type II hypervisor (such as VirtualBox or VMware).
 Instead of installing a Linux OS under type II hypervisor ,  we may install a compatible Linux on chroot environment and install ns3.35 without disturbing the stability of the existing HOST OS (whatever may be the version).

Further, under type II hypervisors the ./waf compile is not as fast as in chroot environment.

For your information, if someone tries to install the NetSimulyzer (the 3D Visualization Tool for ns-3) under VirtualBox, probably they will never be able to compile it because of memory-related issues. But, it can be compiled without any problem under chroot jail; because the chroot jail will have access to all the memory and CPU resources of the HOST.

So, under any version of a stable Linux host OS,  we can create different chroot Environments for installing different ns-3 versions. That is what I tried to say in that post.

 Charles Pandian

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[Said Ouhmi]

helle 

try to install ns3

se the web site and the stipes to intsall it .

ok 

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[Tom Henderson]

On 10/8/21 1:11 PM, Charles Pandian wrote:
>
>  Mr. Tom,
>
> ns3.35 and netanim-3.108 are installing under Debian 11 without any
> problem.
>
> What I mean as "native hardware/OS installation issue" in that post is:
>
> Generally,  one will use an old Linux distribution for a long time and
> get used to it. If they decide to install ns3.35 on that, then it will
> require gcc/g++ versions 4.9 or above. For that, they will try to
> install the latest gcc and its dependent dev-libraries. In that case,
> the apt installer may advise removing some conflicting old
> package/library and it may spoil the working of another software that
> is previously installed in the system.

OK, I agree (by the way, ns-3.35 now requires g++ 7 or above, and Python
3.6 or above).

>
> In that case they will decide to install ns-3 under a type II
> hypervisor (such as VirtualBox or VMware).
>  Instead of installing a Linux OS under type II hypervisor ,  we may
> install a compatible Linux on chroot environment and install ns3.35
> without disturbing the stability of the existing HOST OS (whatever may
> be the version).
>
> Further, under type II hypervisors the ./waf compile is not as fast as
> in chroot environment.

I think your guidance is useful and we should find a way to link to it
or incorporate it in documentation.

We have an existing wiki page:
https://www.nsnam.org/wiki/HOWTO_build_old_versions_of_ns-3_on_newer_compilers

We probably need a reverse version of this (i.e., How to use newer ns-3
versions on older systems) and recommend the chroot as a possible fix.

Presently, our installation instructions are on a wiki, but I would like
to move them to maintained documentation like the tutorial.  I started
some drafts in this direction, which I plan to return to once I finish
the contributed code guide.

For the moment, I stashed a link here:

https://www.nsnam.org/wiki/Installation#Using_newer_version_of_ns-3_on_older_systems

Thank you for writing it up and sharing it with everyone.

>
> For your information, if someone tries to install the NetSimulyzer
> (the 3D Visualization Tool for ns-3) under VirtualBox, probably they
> will never be able to compile it because of memory-related issues.
> But, it can be compiled without any problem under chroot jail; because
> the chroot jail will have access to all the memory and CPU resources
> of the HOST.

I am curious, are people using the NetSimulyzer and do they have any
feedback and/or comments about it that they are willing to share in this
group?  NetSimulyzer was announced earlier this year and is being
actively developed by Evan Black at NIST.  There was a good tutorial on
it at the Workshop on ns-3 (please see this page for archived video; it
is the last link on the page:
https://www.nsnam.org/research/wns3/wns3-2021/tutorials/).

- Tom

[Charles Pandian]

Mr. Tom,

Thank you for recognizing my 'chroot jail ns-3 Install' post. 

Even though a 3D visualization tool or even 2D visualization tool is not at all needed to do scholarly research work, while learning the fundamentals of a simulation, for better understanding,  all of us just want to visualize the network that we are simulating. For that, we need a visualization tool.

About the need of a 3D visualization tool for ns-3 and existing possibilities :

1. In fact, it is possible to use 'Aqua3D' visualization tool for visualizing 3D network scenario of ns-3.  For that, we have to add a simple ns-3 extension to generate ns-2 format trace output file.
2. It may be possible to write a 3D visualization tool for ns-3 using osgEarth 3D engine of http://osgearth.org/ - Omnet++ has it implemented in it.

The easiest and existing way is using NetSimulyzer. But NetSimulyzer only has basic visualization capabilities implemented in it. For example, in Aqua3D, Omnet++, we can visualize the packet transmission in the medium (as expanding bubble).

So, if Evan Black at NIST will add a few more visualizations such as Packet Transmission, Drop, Collision etc., then it will become a very practical 3D visualization tool for ns-3.

Even though NetSimulyzer is not at all having facilities to visualize Underwater Network (Water Medium), I just did a prototype simulation as a proof of concept in the following posts:

Simulating And Visualizing 3D Mobile Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) Under ns-3
(it is also simulated under chroot jail)
That prototype simulation is using AquasimNG to simulate all the aspects of the Underwater Network; and the water medium that was simulated in Netsimulyzer will not play anything in wave propagation (even we can make that water medium interact with the electromagnetic wave if that obstacle model has that feature  - I do not know about it).

In total the final output of the 3D visualization is very pleasant to see.

Of course, it is not as pleasant as the following Omnet++ 3D underwater network simulation prototype. 
Simulating and Visualizing 3D Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) Under Omnet++

(it is also simulated under chroot jail)
But, keep in mind that Omnet++ is not at all having any good extension to simulate basic underwater communication/routing  - but ns3 has two solid works - one is available with default ns3 (UAN) and the other is available as an extension for ns-3 (AquaSimNG) that has some routing protocols too.
(see the attached gif files to understand the difference in output quality of these two 3D simulations one is with ns-3 and the another is with Omnet++)

• So, with minimum tinkering on NetSimulyzer and AquaSimNG (or UAN of ns-3), we will end-up with a good 3D Underwater visualization tool for ns-3.
• And without any/much tinkering, we can use NetSimulyzer to visualize a UAV/FANET scenario that was simulated in ns3.

Whether (at present) people are using it or not, NetSimulyzer is the nearest possibility to visualize a Mobile, 3D Network simulated in ns-3.


Charles  Pandian.

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[Charles Pandian]

Further, while using ns-3 under chroot, we can install any version of ns-3 on any version of HOST os.

> "Using newer version of ns-3 on older systems"

"Using any version of ns-3 on any version of Linux host OS" will be a suitable title

[Christian Batchi]

Hi Tom,

Can you please look at this..I have run the following command to check if the installation has been successful unfortunately I am getting the following error:

~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35$ ./waf --run hello-simulator
Waf: Entering directory `/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/build'
Waf: Leaving directory `/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/build'
Build commands will be stored in build/compile_commands.json
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Scripting.py", line 119, in waf_entry_point
    run_commands()
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Scripting.py", line 182, in run_commands
    ctx=run_command(cmd_name)
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Scripting.py", line 173, in run_command
    ctx.execute()
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Scripting.py", line 375, in execute
    return execute_method(self)
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Build.py", line 93, in execute
    self.execute_build()
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Build.py", line 112, in execute_build
    self.post_build()
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Build.py", line 272, in post_build
    m(self)
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/waf-tools/clang_compilation_database.py", line 67, in write_compilation_database
    database_file.write(json.dumps(root, indent=2))
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Node.py", line 108, in write
    Utils.writef(self.abspath(),data,flags,encoding)
  File "/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/.waf3-2.0.21-c6c9a875365426e5928462b9b74d40b5/waflib/Utils.py", line 160, in writef
    with open(fname,m)as f:
PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/build/compile_commands.json'

Your feedback will be appreciated.

Thank you.

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[Tom Henderson]

On 10/10/21 9:23 PM, Christian Batchi wrote:
> Hi Tom,
>
> Can you please look at this..I have run the following command to check
> if the installation has been successful unfortunately I am getting the
> following error:

This is probably a lingering permissions problem from previously
building the project under sudo, and then now running it outside of sudo.

I suggest to completely remove the 'build' directory (you may need to
sudo to do so) and start over with a new configuration and build.

- Tom

[Christian Batchi]

Thank you for the feedback.

How should I remove the build as I am still a beginner?

Do I have to redo the whole process of installation?

thanks

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[Christian Batchi]

Thanks charles.

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[Tom Henderson]

On 10/10/21 10:39 PM, Christian Batchi wrote:
> Thank you for the feedback.
>
> How should I remove the build as I am still a beginner?
>
> Do I have to redo the whole process of installation?
>

From the ns-3.35 directory:

$ sudo rm -rf build
$ ./waf configure --enable-examples --enable-tests
$ ./waf build

then you can try again

$ ./waf --run hello-simulator

[Charles Pandian]

If you are receiving the same errors even after trying Tom's suggestion, do the following:

(what I am assuming here is, you have extracted /copied the ns-3 file system with root privilege(with sudo)  not compiling it / compiling a simulation script with normal user privilege)

option 1: you may change file and directory permission recursively for the entire directory tree and then run ./waf again from /ns-allinone-3.35/ns3.35 folder

or 

option 2: simply delete the entire ns-allinone-3.35 folder (after taking backup of your simulation scripts if any)  
sudo rm -r ./ns-allinone-3.35

And then extract the allinone tar.gz file as a normal user.

$cd /ns-allinone-3.35/ns3.35
$./waf configure
$./waf

or

option 3:
without deleting your previous installation,
Just extract the  allinone.tar.gz  in another folder and try the above reinstallation.

I prefer option 3. Because, if it works, then you may simply delete your previous failed installation.

Charles Pandian,

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[Charles Pandian]

Mr Tom and all,

As I mentioned earlier, I am having an idea for using the Aqua3D tool for visualizing 3D ns3 simulations.
In fact, NetSimulyzer is there. But as far as performance is concerned, Aqua3D will work better than NetSimulyzer.

Please see the attached two files: 
A few years ago, I downloaded it from the internet. Now I can not see that project anywhere on the internet.  I do not know about this project and its author. Simply it may be a dropped project.
I found these two files inside a very old ns3 compressed file under ns-3-nam/src/contrib folder.

This ns-3 extension module will do a simple thing.
While a ns-3 simulation is running, it will just create ns-2 format nam output file.
Then we can use that .nam file in nam to visualize the scenario  in 2D.
(3d tracing is not yet implemented in this ns3 extension - we can simply add it by adding another dimension and visualize it in aqua3d)

Just have a look at this ns-3 extension module code and give your suggestions.

Note: still I could not make it work under new versions of ns-3.

If it works, we will have a simple and ready-made 3D Visualization tool for ns-3.

Aqua3D  can show the propagating packet/wave as expanding spheres and can show packet drops and even we can make simple 3D models to denote nodes such as drones, cars, ship, sensor nodes etc.,


From the following lines in that file, I can understand that it can create nam files only for p2p scenarios using PointToPointNetDevice. But we can add the same functionality for other net devices also.

void
NamTracer::SetupP2pTraces (uint32_t nodeid, uint32_t deviceid)
{
  std::ostringstream oss;
  oss << "/NodeList/" << nodeid << "/DeviceList/" << deviceid << "/$ns3::PointToPointNetDevice/Rx";
  Config::Connect (oss.str (), MakeCallback (&NamTracer::P2pRxEvent, Ptr<NamTracer> (this)));
  oss.str ("");
  oss << "/NodeList/" << nodeid << "/DeviceList/" << deviceid << "/$ns3::PointToPointNetDevice/TxQueue/Enqueue";
  Config::Connect (oss.str (), MakeCallback (&NamTracer::P2pEnqueueEvent, Ptr<NamTracer> (this)));
  oss.str ("");
  oss << "/NodeList/" << nodeid << "/DeviceList/" << deviceid << "/$ns3::PointToPointNetDevice/TxQueue/Dequeue";
  Config::Connect (oss.str (), MakeCallback (&NamTracer::P2pDequeueEvent, Ptr<NamTracer> (this)));
  oss.str ("");
  oss << "/NodeList/" << nodeid << "/DeviceList/" << deviceid << "/$ns3::PointToPointNetDevice/TxQueue/Drop";
  Config::Connect (oss.str (), MakeCallback (&NamTracer::P2pDropEvent, Ptr<NamTracer> (this)));
}

I tried to compile this extension under the new ns3 version - but could not compile it or could not able to use it under ns-3 simulation (I forgot the errors that I got) 

I tried to compile it by keeping these files under 'contrib' folder and adding a wscript. - but no success yet.

Please look into these files and tell your suggestion for compiling and using them.

Even this functionality can be added inside any of the existing modules of ns-3

With these few lines of code, we an ad excellent 2D/3D visualization capability. 

Will this kind of visualization useful or not? -  please tell  your opinion.

[Christian Batchi]

Hi Tom,

This is what I am getting after the commands above:

~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35$ sudo rm -rf build
[sudo] password for zichrist:
zichrist@ubuntu:~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35$ ./waf configure --enable-examples --enable-tests
Could not create the directory /home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/build
zichrist@ubuntu:~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35$ ./waf configure --enable-examples --enable-tests
Could not create the directory /home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/build
zichrist@ubuntu:~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35$ ls
AUTHORS   CHANGES.html  CONTRIBUTING.md  examples  Makefile     README.md      scratch  test.py        testpy.supp  utils.py  waf      waf-tools  wutils.py
bindings  contrib       doc              LICENSE   __pycache__  RELEASE_NOTES  src      testpy-output  utils        VERSION   waf.bat  wscript
zichrist@ubuntu:~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35$ ./waf build
Could not create the directory /home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/build
zichrist@ubuntu:~/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35$ ./waf --run hello-simulator

Could not create the directory /home/zichrist/ns3/ns-allinone-3.35/ns-3.35/build

What am I doing wrong here?

Regards,

Christian

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[Christian Batchi]

Thanks Charles will try that and revert back to you.

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[Christian Batchi]

Hi Tom,

Thanks for the input. I have finally successfully installed it and run hello simulator

Do you have any links of examples or projects which I may use to start testing the program?

Regards,

Christian

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[Tom Henderson]

On 10/11/21 10:44 PM, Christian Batchi wrote:
> Hi Tom,
>
> Thanks for the input. I have finally successfully installed it and run
> hello simulator
>
> Do you have any links of examples or projects which I may use to start
> testing the program?

I am not sure whether you are asking about existing examples to run
ns-3? If so, you can find many example programs in the examples/ directory.

- Tom

[Christian Batchi]

Ok, thanks. I have found them.

--

Christian

[Charles Pandian]

On Tue, Oct 12, 2021 at 11:15 AM Christian Batchi <christ...@gmail.com> wrote:

Hi Tom,

Thanks for the input. I have finally successfully installed it and run hello simulator

 

You didn't mention the cause of the error.  I mean, why were you could not able to compile it previously?
If you explain the reason, then it may be helpful to others.

Charles Pandian,

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[Christian Batchi]

Hi Charles,

The error was posted and tom suggestion helped me to resolve the issue.

Thanks

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--

Christian