Regards
Radha
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It might be a Dipterocarpaceae member, hopefully Hopea sp.
SANTHOSH..........................................................................
Dr. E S SANTHOSH KUMAR MSc, PhD, FIAT, FABSc, FLSJawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (JNTBG&RI),Palode, Karimancode P.O.Thiruvananthapuram-695562
Kerala, IndiaORCID iD:-- https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-535X
Dear Gargji,I am taking V. denticulata Willd. to be a syn of V. calyculata Tulasne. and V. maderaspatana Gaertn (or madraspatana) to be a distinct species. There has been confusion in the names with different authors.In my area both of these as well as V. bombaiensis are found and it is easy to differentiate them in the field, especially when in fruit.All the images at V. maderaspatana seem to be correct.I have a doubt about the first set of pictures under V. denticulata. They seem to be V. maderaspatana, as long as they are all of the same plant. The new leaves are clearly seen in the 4th picture, bottom line on the left. In fact if you click on the image it is correctly labeled.As for keys, I don't know which to follow.V. bombaiensis is easy because flowers and fruit are in axillary fascicles. The leaves have glands in the axils of nerves on the underside. It is restricted to evergreen forests.V. denticulata has larger leaves with prominent veins. Stems usually striate and green. Large stems striate with red and black. It is found in deciduous forests and less in evergreen. It is a large liana.V. maderaspatana stems dry blackish, leaves are smaller and often more acute at the apex. It is found more in evergreen forests and rarely in deciduous patches. It also can be a very large plant covering many trees.Hope this can be of some use.regardsRadha