Are you connecting to a Firebird 3 server? Does your Ubuntu have a
Firebird 3 libfbclient.so or an earlier version? If so, the problem
might be that your user on the server is created using the Srp user
manager. If so, you need a Firebird 3 libfbclient.so, otherwise you need
to create a user using the Legacy_UserManager, and configure your
Firebird server to accept legacy authentication by including Legacy_Auth
in AuthServer, and setting WireCrypt to Enabled (instead of Required).
As an aside, if you're connecting to the same Firebird server as your
Windows installation, then you don't need to look for that random
password, that is only if you install Firebird server on Linux.
Mark