Atomic clocks

[John Clark]

In 2 new papers researchers report the development of an atomic clock that would be off by just one second after 4 trillion years, the universe is only 13.8 billion years old. When  they raised this new clock up by a distance of only 1 millimeter  they could measure the increase in clock speed due to it being one millimeter further from the Earth center and thus in a weaker gravitational field, and this change in clock speed agreed entirely with Einstein's general relativity. 

Resolving the gravitational redshift within a millimeter atomic sample

High precision differential clock comparisons with a multiplexed optical lattice clock

John K Clark    See what's on my new list at  Extropolis

[Brent Meeker]

Quiet amazing technical feat!

Brent

[spudb...@aol.com]

More significantly is the analysis by a physicist not on time as a quantum feature of the cosmos, this estimate by a British mathematician. This study only focused on the readily detected luminous matter. This based on the Eddington-analysis of originally 10^80. I haven't read where the Math guy Vopson in any case used the more recent Beckenstein Bound of 10^123?

There are 6×10^80 Bits of Information in the Observable Universe

https://www.universetoday.com/153035/there-are-6x1080-bits-of-information-in-the-observable-universe/

Since entropy is increasing, is the information that comprises reality, reducing? Is Dyson's big push simply a fade-out? 

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[John Clark]

On Thu, Oct 21, 2021 at 2:50 AM <spudb...@aol.com> wrote:

> More significantly is the analysis by a physicist not on time as a quantum feature of the cosmos, this estimate by a British mathematician. This study only focused on the readily detected luminous matter. This based on the Eddington-analysis of originally 10^80. I haven't read where the Math guy Vopson in any case used the more recent Beckenstein Bound of 10^123?

There are 6×10^80 Bits of Information in the Observable Universe

https://www.universetoday.com/153035/there-are-6x1080-bits-of-information-in-the-observable-universe/

Since entropy is increasing, is the information that comprises reality, reducing? Is Dyson's big push simply a fade-out? 

Interesting idea, thank you.
Of course it's all based on the assumption that the Bekenstein Bound actually exists, and that is based on the assumption that space and time are not only quantized (come in individual little chunks) but are quantized at one very specific level, and that is based on the assumption that quantum mechanics as we know it today is absolutely true which we know can't be the case because it can say nothing about gravity and there is exactly zero experimental evidence that spacetime is actually quantized.

Recently on the Extropolis List somebody asked if it was physically possible for a universe to be better than this one, I said I didn't know but if there is a best of all possible worlds it was one in which the Bekenstein Bound was not the law of the land and thus an infinite number of calculations can be made in a finite amount of time by a computer of finite size.

 John K Clark    See what's on my new list at  Extropolis

bex

[John Clark]

As good as this atomic clock is in just a few years we should have something even more accurate, more accurate than any atomic clock, a nuclear clock; they don't work by emitting light caused by the different energy levels of electrons in an atom but instead emits electromagnetic waves based on the different energy levels of the particles in the atomic nucleus. Normally any light coming from the nucleus is of such a high frequency that with existing technology there's no way to use it as a clock, however there is a nuclear isomer of the isotope Thorium-229 it has a very unusual energy transition level that is much lower than that of any other, it's only about 8 electron volts, which corresponds to a wavelength of about 132 nanometer (that's in the far ultraviolet range). It would be difficult, but certainly not impossible, to make a laser that produces light of that wavelength, and it could be used to prompt an energy jump in the nucleus to make a nuclear clock out of it. 

The thorium-229 low-energy isomer and the nuclear clock

Nuclear clocks could outdo atomic clocks as the most precise timepieces

John K Clark    See what's on my new list at  Extropolis

qq99

[spudb...@aol.com]

Well, it seems plausible that as Freeman Dyson suggested years ago, the more sophisticated our equipment becomes, the more likely we will uncover anomalies, then more we will modify our understanding of the cosmos. Could the universe be more favorable? Hell, yes, because otherwise we would not be attempting to make things better for ourselves, family, friends, pets, and so on. Is spacetime quantified? Well, Magic 8-Ball says, Yeah, but it only applies to gravity and not electromagnetism. 

https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.086024

So, if these fellows are correct, we have a Split Symmetry going on. 

If this conjecture is true, then we may as well say the universe is a simulation, but only part of it? Are physicists then walking off the map into the computer-land of the photonic? It would thus explain photons getting emitted as virtual particles. 

-----Original Message-----
From: John Clark <johnk...@gmail.com>

[Lawrence Crowell]

The higher the transition energy is the shorter the time interval one can measure. At 8 eV this is better than atomic clocks. The standard is the outer s to p dipole transition of the electron. This nuclear approach is similar, but a couple or orders magnitude better, with the possible time interval of 10^{-10} or 10^{-11} sec. If we could exploit higher energy transitions we could get even better. A possible quark clock would then be next.

LC