Not exactly, you could create an array of params hashes and iterate over it. Using your example, it would be something like:
[{:title => "Test title 1", :body => "Test body text 1, ..", :published_at => Date.today}, {:title => "Test title 2", :body => "Test body text 2..", :published_at => Date.today}].each{ |params| Article.create(params) }
At some point you might want to look into gems like factory_girl; usually used for testing, but could also be used to seed a development environment with a little more convenience.