On 20 Jul 2016 02:43 PM , wrote:
> The reference given was an academic article.
> It was not an opinion piece by bernstein, he
> was one among a group of authors.
He is the primary promoter of a very low carb
ketogenic diet.
> It was an evidence based review of the many
> studies done on the topic.
All of the studies, short-term, along with some
in which the length of the study wasn't stated,
along with other studies providing some informa-
tion the authors thought would support their
position favoring low carb diets.
> I did not see your response, was it based on
> reading the full article?
See my current response, in 3 replies, below.
> Your usual remarks on material are useless [...]
You misspelled useful and helpful. In the follow-
ing replies, pertinent in understanding the nature
of low carb diet promotions.
In your inappropriate inaccurate further comments,
you failed to understand the logic and reasoning
behind ending diabetes and diabetic confusion, mis-
leading, and misunderstanding with new clarifying
vastly superior 21st century terms*.
- - -
Reply 1 of 3, replying to points 1 to 4 of the fol-
lowing article, along with a preface addressing the
entire article:
Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first
approach in diabetes management: Critical review
and evidence base
http://www.nutritionjrnl.com/article/S0899-9007%2814%2900332-3/fulltext#sec4.2
Preface: Insulinitis*, mentioned in the introduction,
nothing pertaining to those with Insulinitis* using
any low carb diet, no studies, no data, is presented
in the article.
Cellosis*, the article is loaded with short-term or
unknown length studies, but nary a single long-term
study is presented. Risks of low carb diets? Not
addressed. Failure rates of low carb diets? Not men-
tioned. Risks of very low carb ketogenic diets? Not
addressed. Failure rates of very low carb ketogenic
diets? Not mentioned.
- - -
In that article, the diabetes word was used 55 times
without clarifier (not including the references).
Unfortunately, that provides naught but confusion
and misinformation, merging / blurring information,
treating all High Glucose Conditions* as if they
are one condition, when point in fact, they're
actually over 100 specific conditions, with widely
disparate causalities, disparate treatment profiles,
and disparate risk profiles.
Insulinitis*, rest assured, the FIRST approach is
ALWAYS EXOGENOUS INSULIN, required to stay alive.
ALWAYS.
As for diet, IF one has fewer carbs, less exogenous
insulin is required (in most cases, but see the fol-
lowing for an exception).
Insulin dosage guesses are related to carbs, exer-
cise, other hormonal activity, other conditions which
impact glucose levels, and a general rule is that
more carbs = more insulin, less carbs = less insulin,
but other factors, such as present glucose level and
rate of falling or rising or other illnesses impact
glucose dosage guesses).
In everyone with Insulinitis*, guessing at the 'cor-
rect' amount of exogenous insulin to dose is a never-
ending task (basal insulin, either constantly pumped
or from a relatively long-acting insulin injection,
+ bolus insulin, injected or inhaled or pumped, in
response to glucose level rising or food ingestion),
ALWAYS required to stay alive, 24 by 7 by 365 (366
every leap year).
The article, responses to its 12 points, point by
point (the first 4 points addressed in this reply,
the next 4 points addressed in a second reply, and
the last 4 points and a conclusion addressed in a
third reply):
Excerpts [with inserts, not part of original
article, included in brackets]:
- - - - - -
Point 1 [from the article]. "Hyperglycemia is the
most salient feature of diabetes. Dietary carbohy-
drate restriction has the greatest effect on decreas-
ing blood glucose levels"
Duh, everyone knows the definition of High Glucose
Conditions*, so that hyperglycemia verbage is point-
less.
Actually, without exogenous insulin, people with
Insulinitis* DIE. Exogenous insulin, in people with
Insulinitis*, has the greatest effect on decreasing
blood glucose levels. Sometimes, other illnesses
can cause dramatic rises in glucose levels, and carb
restriction dies not have its typical insulin-lower-
ing impact on those with Insulinitis*.
In people with Cellosis* or Diminosis* or any of the
Other High Glucose Conditions*, insulin prodution
continues but is reduced and/or insulin resistance
is present, both states causing glucose rises, and
responsive to any glucose lowering activity, includ-
ing exercise, reducing carbs, taking oral medication,
injecting non-insulin medication, or (in an estimated ...
... 15% of those with Cellosis* and in unknown per-
cents of those with some types of Diminosis*, a con-
dition solely caused by a monogenetic defect which
varies from person to person with Diminosis*, or
some of the Other High Glucose Conditions*, insulin
injections; insulin pumps rarely used for non-Insul-
initis* High Glucose Conditions*).
Dietary carbohydrate restriction, -if- it's done in
the form that Bernstein promotes (very low carb, <
50 grams of carbs per day), it yields risks unmen-
tioned in the article, risks spelled out in the fol-
lowing:
- - -
May 6, 2015
Adverse Reactions to Ketogenic [i.e.,
very low carb] Diets: Caution Advised
http://www.thepaleomom.com/adverse-reactions-to-ketogenic-diets-caution-advised
- - -
- - - - - -
Point 2 [from the article]. "During the epidemics
of obesity and type 2 diabetes, caloric increases
have been due almost entirely to increased carbo-
hydrates"
Obesity, whatever percentage of those who have Cel-
losis* and who are obese, carbs are the largest part
of their diet, and it follows, a major contributor
to their obesity because in obesity, calories are
higher than energy expenditure.
Per the following, in 2009-2010, 1 in 6 American ad-
ults were obese, and 1 in 20 American adults were ex-
tremely obese.
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-statistics/Pages/overweight-obesity-statistics.aspx
Per the U.S. population clock, the current U.S. popu-
lation is 324,064,071 (when I originally wrote this
reply, 2 days ago)
http://www.census.gov/popclock/
and if you accept the statement that 90 to 95 per-
cent of Americans with any High Glucose Condition*
have Cellosis*, and that the current number of Amer-
icans with any High Glucose Condition* is 29.1 mil-
lion, the number with Cellosis* is 26,190,000 to
27,645,000.
So, percentage wise, between 8.08% and 8.53% of Amer-
icans have Cellosis*. Compared to the obesity statis-
tics, 16.67% of Americans are obese. Per the follow-
ing article, more than half who have Cellosis* are
obese, 30 percent or more are overweight, leaving 15
to 20 percent at normal weight or underweight.
http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/08/diabetes-and-the-obesity-paradox/?_r=0
Ironically, per the article, the most risky position
to be in with Cellosis*, per a study referenced in
that article, is normal weight, twice as likely to
die as those with Cellosis* who are overweight or
obese.
The carb restriction article, it says nothing about
that "obesity paradox".
- - - - - -
Point 3 [from the article]. "Benefits of dietary
carbohydrate restriction do not require weight loss"
The 3 figures used do not support that statement,
for the reasons indicated:
In figure 3, they show glucose levels of 8 indivi-
duals with high glucose levels before going on an
unspecified carb-reduced diet (i.e., impossible to
ascertain how many carbs were on the diet), and their
glucose levels after going on that unspecified diet
for 10 weeks.
The exact High Glucose Condition* of the 8 indivi-
duals, undisclosed.
I assure you, a test on 8 people is not the basis
for drawing any scientific conclusions, and the
medication being used for those individuals was
undisclosed.
In figure 4, once again, using carb levels undis-
closed (in this section, though more info on the
graph in 4B was revealed in point 5, below), com-
paring a minimum 20% carb diet to an undisclosed
"healthy eating" diet (carbs unknown), weight loss
was greater in the minimum 20% carb diet, and HbA1c
levels were lower, but none of the medications were
disclosed, and everyone in the comparison has Cel-
losis*.
Lack of disclosure makes the results in figure 4
pointless, and in point 5, the data in 4B is said
to be comparing a very low carb ketogenic diet to
an unspecified "healthy eating" low fat diet, and
on a very low carb ketogenic diet, carbs are less
than 20%, so the info in figure 4 is contradictory.
In figure 5, a pointless comparison of something
called "percent completers" of 19 studies on indi-
viduals favoring a low-fat diet (fat unspecified)
and favoring a low-carb diet (carbs unspecified).
How long the comparision was for? Unmentioned. The
conditions the individuals in the 19 studies had?
Unmentioned. There are only 18 dots, so the 19th
study, not on the graphic.
- - - - - -
Point 4 [from the article]. "Although weight loss
is not required for benefit, no dietary intervention
is better than carbohydrate restriction for weight
loss"
What time period? Unknown. Comprehensive study anal-
ysis? No, selected studies. Figure 4 was used to ar-
rive at point 4, but that graph has many problems
discussed in detail above.
Further problems, the graph on the left of figure 4,
comparing 13 people with Cellosis* to 13 people with-
out any High Glucose Condition*, for 3 months, only
short-term weight loss is analysable over such a
short period of time, and 13 people is totally insuf-
ficient to come up with any relevant conclusions.
The right of figure 4, stated that the individuals
were on either a very low carb ketogenic diet (carbs
< 50 grams/day, by the definition in their table)
or a low-fat diet (fats & carbs unknown), the length
of the diet and individuals on the diet, unclear if
that was the same as the left of the graph, or if
the right of the graph was a different study.
Confusing/unclear, that's the nature of figure 4.
Point 4, in the part that discusses long-term re-
sults, states "low-fat diets have in fact, shown
very poor results, in the long term, for weight loss
in nondiabetic individuals." Interesting, they fail
to mention long term weight loss studies for low-
carb diets, or the probability that in similar long-
term studies, long-term weight loss on so-called
low-carb diets have similar high failure rates.
- - - end reply 1 of 3 - - -
Low Glucose Condition*: