In the simplest molecule, that of hydrogen, two protons are repelling each
other but are bound together by two electrons orbiting them both, and
so we have N-PP-N (or -++-) where N and P are the poles of an electric
field represented by electron (-ve) and proton (+ve).
When a gas is "hot", all that really means is the molecules have kinetic
energy and bump into each other. This disturbs the electrical fields
between the poles and any acceleration of an electrical field generates
a magnetic field as we know from electric motors, transformers
and similar devices.
The magnetic fields radiate from the molecule at 300,000,000 metres
per second, but by superposition of wave functions there is a direction
normal to the orientation of the molecule that carries the greatest
amplitude of the magnetic field, and this we have found by various
"slit" experiments and also from phased-array radar which makes
use of twin sources of radiation in close proximity.
A single "jolt" of a molecule will not cause it to radiate continually,
so what we have is a pulse of energy in the form of a photon.
By Newton's third law, for every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction, we find that two photons are emitted in opposite directions,
net momentum zero. Hence for every photon there is an equal
and opposite rephoton. It would be strange indeed if we thought
the sun did not radiate away from Earth as well as toward it, but
of course the rephoton from a molecule on our side of the sun
simply re-enters the sun itself.
This simple gif demonstrates the principle of wave superposition:
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/rephoton.gif
For further reading refer to
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/AC/AC.htm
For Sagnac, I have created an imaginary loop of optical fibre
and rotated it at 300,000,000 metres/sec to show the principle
of vector addtion of velocities applies to light.
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Sagnac/Sagnac_fibre.gif
The black spot is source and detector, the blue and red spots are
racing away from it in the frame of the turnatable.
In the frame of the observer the blue spot doesn't move,
the red travels at twice the speed of light.
See
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Sagnac/Sagnac.htm
Ring laser gyroscopes work by Newtonian mechanics,
Einstein's second postulate is nonsense that began here:
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Algol/Algol.htm
and was supported by aether which doesn't exist.
Einstein did not understand the Principle of Relativity.
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Doppler/Doppler.htm
--
Der alte Hexenmeister und Engineer
Androcles Dumbledore B.A., M.Sc., Ph.D.,
Headmaster, hogwarts.physics school for zauberlehrlings.
"One muggle's magic is another sorcerer's engineering"
There could be some other modes other than the 1D mode that you are
suggesting here.
A 2D mode would radiate in three directions to conserve momentum. These
are simply unit vectors pointing from the center of an equilateral
triangle to its vertices. This is the simplest form that will support a
2D mode. In 3D a tetrahedral equivalent follows.
Shouldn't these be physically observable?
Should a crystalline solid that radiates exhibit a geometrical pattern
in its radiation?
These patterns would become better behaved at lower temperature.
-Tim
The objective of the post was to demonstrate a photon model
of electromagnetic radiation is entirely consistent with a wave model.
As far as I know tetrahedral antennae haven't been a popular
choice in the broadcast business but I certainly have no objection
to you testing them.
| Should a crystalline solid that radiates exhibit a geometrical pattern
| in its radiation?
Crystalline solid:
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6800148.html