The origin of elements from stars is called "nucleosynthesis". What is
the corresponding term for the origin of interstellar molecules?
--
Ignorantly,
Allan Adler <a...@zurich.csail.mit.edu>
* Disclaimer: I am a guest and *not* a member of the MIT CSAIL. My actions and
* comments do not reflect in any way on MIT. Also, I am nowhere near Boston.
The earliest work that was experimental rather than conjectural was that
of Stanley Miller at the U. of Chicago doctoral thesis. He truly
deserved the Nobel Prize for this but never got it. Miller died recently.
FK
I would recommend A.G.G.M. Tielens' book "The Physics and Chemistry of the
Interstellar Medium" (2005, Cambridge University Press). It's pretty much
up-to-date and very thorough. The references in that book are also very
useful.
>The origin of elements from stars is called "nucleosynthesis". What is
>the corresponding term for the origin of interstellar molecules?
As Bob already mentioned, I'm not aware of an equivalent term other than
"interstellar chemistry". There are several different processes in both
the gas and solid phase so I think coming up with a term that covers
everything is difficult.
Miller's experiments mimicked conditions that might have
occurred on early earth. They were not interstellar conditions.
I was of the opinion (seems rational) that inter stellar means 'between
stars'. If a planet is not part of a star (and that is clearly true)
then it is certainly interstellar.
FK
Not a book but an online Powerpoint presentation which summarises a
fair amount of what is known and what is not.
http://nobel133.physto.se/Programme/Sunday/1415-1545/Millar.ppt
A catalogue of possible/known reactions, conditions and rate constants
is online at UMIST
http://www.udfa.net
> The origin of elements from stars is called "nucleosynthesis". What is
> the corresponding term for the origin of interstellar molecules?
Interstellar chemistry in molecular clouds. I don't think anyone has
bothered to give it a special name.
Regards,
Martin Brown
[...]
>I was of the opinion (seems rational) that inter stellar means 'between
>stars'. If a planet is not part of a star (and that is clearly true)
>then it is certainly interstellar.
Those that work in studying the interstellar medium generally
refer to "interstellar" as meaning what happens in "space", in other words
what happens in the near-vacuum between stars. That does actually mean a
variety of environments, from a benign "vacuum" to a relatively dense
molecular cloud, but chemical reactions occuring on planets is not
something that's regarded as interstellar.
A planet offers a very different environment compared to space. For
example, it may have an atmosphere. It would be confusing to include the
chemical reactions that happen in such an environment (e.g., the Miller
experiment) with those that happen in space.
Your logic is flawless, but your definition doesn't fit what
most people think. In an online dictionary,
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dict.asp?Word=interstellar
the example given is "the density of hydrogen in
interplanetary and interstellar space", which doesn't agree
with your definition.
>
> FK
I did manage 1800' ASL one Sunday afternoon in South Wales,
but I cheated. I started out at 350' ASL and 50 years younger.
Mind you, it was a walking situation.
Why are you lecturing me (I have a PhD. in physical chemistry from the
U. of Chicago)? You act as if you were talking to some grade school
student. My point clearly was the ill advised term that was employed.
That criticism is independent of the nature of planets and their
atmospheres as well as other objects found in interstellar space and the
densities of dust and gas clouds in space. In point of fact almost all
of those large dust and gas clouds in space are really very low density
materials but of very great extent. Their ability to obscure radiation
passing through them is not so much a function of their density as a
function of their spatial extent.
The average density of matter in the universe (omitting the possibility
of dark matter) is about one hydrogen atom per cubic centimetre.
FK
I see the laughing hyena idiot has returned to disgrace himself yet again.
FK
[hanson orig]
yeah... and then there is "intergalactic" space...
I trust that either of you guys been up more than 5 miles
in a flight situation that you are so *assertive*
about the conditions out there.... ahahaha...
Thanks for the laughs... ahaha... ahahanson
>
[Kaz to hanson]
I see the laughing hyena idiot has returned to disgrace himself yet again.
FK
>
[hanson]
.... ahahaha... So, Kaz, it looks like you try to weasel out from
under a situation where you embarrassed yourself... AHAHAHA...
The bigoted racist and hate filled Fred Kasner demonstrated
again, *in his own words*, how to be an assertive **Jew**...
But Kaz, you are just as obnoxious as you were in your last
demonstration where you also behaved like this brother-in-ilk
of yours: http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=e1842edc4f & in
http://groups.google.com/group/sci.physics/msg/d183ad854c48ca6c...
after which Sid Snead's observation can be applied by saying:
"I am sorry to hear that Fred Kasner is a Jew. I enjoy the clarity
of his writing, but will now have to treat his opinions as suspect,
since, being a Jew, he believes that what is good for Jews is
more important than the truth".
Shalom, Kaz... ahahahaha... ahahahahanson
>
Still the hyena syndrom on display, Hanson? I am sad to find out that
you are a human rather than a programmed computer. It speaks ill for the
human race to find examples of it such as you. You have been amusing
lately so I canceled my kill file on you. However if you become your
usual offensive self once again I'll have to return you to the kill file.
FK
Miserable cunt. Fuck off and enjoy being sad.
"hanson" <han...@quick.net> w/i news:6Cbpi.2824$Da.1984@trnddc07...
[Kaz]
Still the hyena syndrom on display, Hanson? I am sad to find out that
you are a human rather than a programmed computer. It speaks ill for the
human race to find examples of it such as you. You have been amusing
lately so I canceled my kill file on you. However if you become your
usual offensive self once again I'll have to return you to the kill file.
FK
>
[Andro to Kaz]
Miserable cunt. Fuck off and enjoy being sad.
>
[hanson to Kaz]
... ahahaha... AHAHAHA... ahahaha... See, what does happen
to you, Kaz, when you put my "Shalom" to you down, and you
keep threatening me with your kill-file, & much worse, when you
blame the whole human race for my, to you undesirable, existence
when you OTOH apparently tolerate without any constraints
specimens from your own ilk that behave like this one here:
http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=e1842edc4f
>
BTW, what was so offensive on my part? All I did is was to report
public activities that YOU yourself, your OWN family and your
OWN ilk have posted... If it was offensive then you should
have kept your stereotypically loud AsheNazi mouth shut
in the first place and you should advice you own ilk to be
nicer to/with your neighbors and stop behaving like this one:
http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=e1842edc4f
Now, Kaz, because of your continued, contemplated draconian
threats to kill file me I must tell you that your action leaves me
no choice then to invoke Sid Snead's axiom which says:
"I am sorry to hear that Fred Kasner is a Jew. I enjoy the clarity
of his writing, but will now have to treat his opinions as suspect,
since, being a Jew, he believes that what is good for Jews is
more important than the truth".
Are you happy now, Kaz?... Shalom, Kaz... ahahahahanson
You know, as soon as someone posts that they have a PhD and implies they
shouldn't be questioned about some claim they make rings alarm bells.
I don't care if you have a PhD in physical chemistry; you wrote:
"I was of the opinion (seems rational) that inter stellar means 'between
stars'. If a planet is not part of a star (and that is clearly true)
then it is certainly interstellar."
Your opinion is not shared by those that work in the field. Simple as
that. I told you what the accepted convention is. That you haven't made
any contribution to the field of interstellar chemistry only helps to
confirm your opinion is quite worthless, whether you have a PhD or not.
Your hyena-like hysterical laughter does not provide any cover for your
hate filled semi-rhetoric. What seems to annoy you the most is my
Jewishness not anything that I write. Oh wait! I understand now. Your
really can't understand anything I write. You are really semi-literate
with a very low comprehension skill. Best is your unsupportable
assumption that I am as one with anyone else who claims to be a Jew.
Remember that claiming to be a Jew is a religious preference only. Mine
is merely my response to what preceded the big bang and also a
refutation that a complicated universe of vast dimensions is not a
purely chance occurence. Laws of behavior other than ethics of primitive
cultures leave a great deal to desired in a world where even the filthy
pig can be prepared for consumption without too much danger of disease.
Speaking of filthy pigs, I don't see how your embrace of a language I
don't speak in any way shields you from the contempt which you richly
earn by repeated stupidities.
FK
Of course my opinion is not that of one who works in the field of
astronomy. Thus you can see fit to ignore such an opinion as you will.
However my having made a rational argument for the use of the term only
points out that rationale be damned, a definition is correct by definition.
FK
Five of those years were spent as a full time instructor and then
Assistant Professor of Physical Science in the College of the University
of Chicago. Generally serious experimental work was only possible (each
experiment usually took several days of observations before enough
stability of the equipment allowed the actual fifteen minutes or so of
observations.) It was an academic pit. And the complicated calculations
required 6 months of 8 hour days followed by three months of composition
of the thesis including graphs and tables without benefit of word
processors and copying machines. I wouldn't wish such a regimen on even
a despicable person such as yourself, hyena hanson.
FK
Kaz, this has the benefit of a computer:
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/
Instead of running off at the mouth, see if you can fault it, ASSistant
Professor.
*plonk*
You are a real joke, hyena-man.
FK
You hyena-man have absolutely no idea whatever where my primary loyalty
lies. You just assume it does not lie with the USA. Tha in itself is
proof certain of your stereotyping based on inherent anti-semitism.
You are one sick hyena.
FK
Kaz doesn't like his balls squeezed, does he?
Squeal, squeak! What a reaction!
Hanson has you by the balls, little boy, and he's barely squeezing.
Answer him instead of trying to attack, his skin is almost as thick
as mine but his wit is sharper.
Snip what you cannot answer, typical fuckhead.
Hye, hyena-man, was that you who tried to fondle my gonads in a packed
elevator the other day. Gee, I didn't know you were such a flaming faggot.
FK
Not unless your nuts are big enough to stretch across the Atlantic and even
then I'd only tickle them with a lancet or a 4" vise. I fondle American and
British
women but obviously some woolly woofter took a fancy to you.
Couldn't fault it, huh?
Here it is again but we now know where your head's at, sniffing hyena balls.
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/
Did your yenta cut you off?... I could understand her, Kaz, given
the way you behave. Give her a hug from me, and tell her that I
wish she would relieve you from your misery... ahahahaha...
.. or is she so ugly that YOU have dreams now about being
fondled by strange men in elevators?.... AHAHAHAHA....
>
BTW, just to clear the air, Kaz. There are no elevators here in
Rarotonga... Thanks for the laughs, Kaz... ahahahanson
>
PS:
Now go and referee Andro's Website:
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/
He asked you very politely.
> http://www.uncorrelated.com/images/DailyKos01.jpg
> To boot, Kaz, you had such a stereotypical loudmouth, telling
> me numerous times that you had put me into your kill file... ahaha..
> But you just can't stay away from me, you fat old Yidd... ahaha..
> & now you mconfess to have homosexual dreams about me ...
> ahahaha.... ahahaha...
>
> Did your yenta cut you off?... I could understand her, Kaz, given
> the way you behave. Give her a hug from me, and tell her that I
> wish she would relieve you from your misery... ahahahaha...
> .. or is she so ugly that YOU have dreams now about being
> fondled by strange men in elevators?.... AHAHAHAHA....
> BTW, just to clear the air, Kaz. There are no elevators here in
> Rarotonga... Thanks for the laughs, Kaz... ahahahanson
> PS:
> Now go and referee Andro's Website:
> http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/
> He asked you very politely.
>
>
>
Hey, hyena_man, stop laughing long enough to deal with fact.
I tried to put you into my kill file but something is wrong with it and
you keep getting through. Could be you really have listed yourself by
another name in your smtp settings and just have another fake name of
hanson the hyena for screen display.
And in point of fact I am not fat, dumbo! Perhaps you are fat and can't
believe that others are equally incapable of maintaining a healthy
weight. My late wife was not your ideal woman: a yenta. She was born to
Christian people but learned from me that it was polytheism and lived
and died a Jew a wonderful person who was quite beatiful who all
admired. I notice how much you have to say about homosexuality. Are you
perhaps a repressed homosexual? I would not be too surprised. All that
hysteria, sounds like homosexual panic. I doubt if I were inclined to
dream about any person that you would be such a subject. You come across
less than human.
FK
Ok, if you insist.
Mission accomplished. I can snip quite well, don't you think?
But can you fault this, ASSistant Jackass?
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Smart/Smart.htm
Did your yenta cut you off?... I could understand her, Kaz, given
the way you behave. Give her a hug from me, and tell her that I
wish she would relieve you from your misery... ahahahaha...
.. or is she so ugly that YOU have dreams now about being
fondled by strange men in elevators?.... AHAHAHAHA....
>
BTW, just to clear the air, Kaz. There are no elevators here in
Rarotonga... ahahaha....
>
Now go and referee Andro's Website:
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/
He asked you very politely.
>
Thanks for the laughs, Kaz...ahaha... ahahahanson
>
>
[Kaz]
Hey, hyena_man, stop laughing long enough to deal with fact.
>
[hanson]
"Stop"...Why? ... to be an uptight fegele, like you, Kaz?
What facts?... Your sordid opinions?... to which invariably
Sid Snead's axiom applies, that
::S:: "I am sorry to hear that Fred Kasner is a Jew. I enjoy the
::S:: clarity of his writing, but will now have to treat his opinions
::S:: as suspect, since, being a Jew, he believes that what is
::S:: good for Jews is more important than the truth".
>
[Kaz]
I tried to put you into my kill file but something is wrong with it and
you keep getting through. Could be you really have listed yourself
by another name in your smtp settings and just have another fake
name of hanson the hyena for screen display.
>
[hanson]
.... So, there's something wrong with your killfile now?... ahaha...
... and that is because according to your theory it is my fault...
No wonder it took you six years to get your alleged Ph.D...ahaha
ahahaha... Kaz, the answer is simple & obvious: Snead's axiom!
>
[Kaz]
And in point of fact I am not fat, dumbo! Perhaps you are fat and
can't believe that others are equally incapable of maintaining a
healthy weight.
>
[hanson]
"in point of fact" your Freudian slip says that you are a "fat dumbo".
But keep lying to yourself, Kaz. Your ilk is known for that habit
and for being stocky and fat....ahahaha... AHAHAHAHA....
>
[Kaz]
My late wife was not your ideal woman: a yenta. She was born to
Christian people but learned from me that it was polytheism and
lived and died a Jew a wonderful person who was quite beatiful
who all admired.
[hanson]
Wow, that is low, fatso! First you bagged on your own Daughter
and now you denigrate your late Wife as "not your ideal woman",
using her to keep on aggrandizing yourself that she "learned
from Kaz, the Jew" & then "died as a wonderful Jew"... WOW!
Kaz, if your teachings to her were anything like the self-anointing
megalomaniac shit you have been talking in these NGs about
yourself then she must have died of grief and sorrow... with or
without your oye-weh-Yahweh. Again, Kaz, your phony sob story
with your empty Haiku shows Sid Snead's axiom in full action.
>
[Kaz]
I notice how much you have to say about homosexuality. Are you
perhaps a repressed homosexual? I would not be too surprised.
All that hysteria, sounds like homosexual panic. I doubt if I were
inclined to dream about any person that you would be such a
subject. You come across less than human.
FK
>
[Kaz]
... ahaha.. weasel, weasel, weasel, gay fatty Kaz. It was YOU
and no-one else you started to come on to me with your
yearnings to have you gonads fondled, you dirty olde kacker...
ahaha... Listen, Kaz it is well known that the max ratio of homos
lies with your own ilk. Nothing new about that, and I don't care.
But gayety is not my bag, homo-Kaz. Look for Homo-yentzers
elsewhere... ahahaha...
>
It is also quite telling that since you now know that you can't get
what you want, you stereotypically call me "less than human"
.. in your follow-up to your wife who was "not your ideal woman".
You are the stereotypical prototype of a Jew, Kaz. What I can't
understand why so many Jews, like you, & those Israel-1st loyalty
US kikes, do work so very, very hard to turn Hitler's Last Curse
into becoming a self-filling prophesy which Hitler broadcast just
before his demise in 45, in which he said: **"in a 100 years from
now the world will be grateful for what I have started".**
>
Why, Kaz, why? .... 62 down, only 38 to go...
>
I guess it must have to do with the order from your General of the
Army of light who said: "We are **Judeo-Nazis**, a disgrace to
humanity, [but] I don't mind, on the contrary. I will teach them to
be a light unto the gentiles"... Some light you are, Kaz... ahaha...
>
What is it exactly now, Kaz, why you keep running after me, and
coming on to me if it is not for your geriatic homo yearings?...
Do you wanna teach me how to be Jewish?... ahahaha....
If so, what would be in it for me, Kaz?.... What, Kaz, what?
>
ahahaha... ahahahanson