ROSACEAE WEEK
Satish Phadke
FAMILY OF THE WEEK: ROSACEAE
There are over 25 genera and around 215 species in India mainly confined to temperate Himalayas ascending up to 6000 meters.
Vegetative characters:
The plants are herbs, shrubs or trees several species of Rose and Rubus have prickles. Sometimes, as in Prinsepia and Crataegus the shrubs are armed with sharp spines which are modified branches. Vegetative reproduction takes place in several ways.
The leaves are alternate and simple, pinnately or palmately compound. The stipules are usually present.
Inflorescence and flowers:
The flowers are rarely solitary or fascicled, but commonly they are arranged in various types of definite or indefinite inflorescences. The flowers are actinomorphic or sometimes strongly zygomorphic, bisexual or unisexual,polygamous, pentamerous, hypogynous, peri or epigynous. The calyx is of typically five basally connate sepals; the calyx tube is free or adnate to the ovary. The aestivation is imbricate or valvate. In some genera an epicalyx is also present. The corolla is of generally five free petals (there are numerous petals in cultivated species of Rosa) which are usually imbricate in bud. The number of stamens is variable from one to many. They are often in whorls. The filaments are distinct or sometimes monoadelphous. The anthers are dithecous and introrse. A cushion shaped or ringlike nectar secreting disc is present between the stamens and carpel. The gynoecium shows much variation. There are ten different tribes of gynoecial characters and type of fruits.
Seeds:
The seeds are usually without endosperm.
Pollination and dispersal:
In most Rosaceae the nectar is collected in the receptacular tube and easily licked by insects. The flowers are mostly protogynous and favour cross pollination.
The seeds are dispersed by animals and birds.
Examples:
Rosa multiflora (Rose)
Rosa damascene
Rosa indica
Rosa banksiae
Rosa centifolia
Pyrus mallus (Apple)
Pyrus communis (Pear)
Prunus persica (Peach)
Prunus domestica
Prunus institia (Plum)
Prunus armeniaca (Apricot)
Prunus amygdalous (Almond)
Fragaria chiloensis (Garden Strawberry)
Fragaria vesca L. (Alpine strawberry)
Spiraea
potentilla
Brambles
Cinquefoil
http://satishphadke.blogspot.com/2008/12/family-of-week-rosaceae.html
--
Dr Satish Phadke
Satish Phadke
ROSACEAE
Family Rosaceae has comparatively less representation in Maharashtra.
BSI Flora of Maharashtra mentions only 5 species which are native to Maharashtra while there are many cultivated species which are seen growing though.
The key for Maharashtra is as follows.
Annualherbs :
Potentilla(Only one species found: Potentila supine)
Trees or shrubs :
2. Plants: unarmed trees; carpel 1 Prunus (Only 1 species found : Prunus ceylanica)
2.Plants: prickly shrubs; carpels many Rubus.
Rubus
1. Leaves simple … R. molluccanus(Black berry)
1. Leaves 3-9 foliolate :
2. Leaves 3-foliolate : … R.ellipticus
2. Leaves 5-9 foliolate … R.niveus (‘Gauriphal’,’Mahabaleshwar Raspberry’)
Flowers of Himalaya (Polunin,Stainton)mentions many Rosaceae plants and the key regarding the identification is as follows:
Trees and shrubs above 1 m
a) leaves compound, with 3 or more leaflets
i)Carpels free 1.Rubus 2. Sorbaria 3. Potentila
ii)Carpels enclosed in a fleshy receptacle 1.Rosa 2. Sorbus
b( Leaves entire toothed or lobed
i)Carpel 1 1.Prunus 2. Prinsepia 3. Neillia
ii)Carpels several free 1.Rubus 2. Neillia 3.Spirea
iii)Carpels encirciled in a fleshy receptacle in fruit 1.Crotoneaster 2. Crateagus 3. Pyracanthia 4.Photinia 5.Stranvaesia 6. Malus 7. Pyrus 8. Sorbus
Herbaceous perennials or small undershrubs
a) Epicalyx present 1.Alchemilila. 2. Fragaria 3. Geum 4.Potentilla 5. Sibbaldia
b)Epicalyx absent 1.Rubus 2. Agrimonia 3.Aruncus 4.Filipendula 5.Spiraea 6 Cotoneaster
--
Dr Satish Phadke
Giby Kuriakose
GIBY KURIAKOSE PhD
Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE),
Royal Enclave,
Jakkur Post, Srirampura
Bangalore- 560064
India
Phone - +91 9448714856 (Mobile)
visit my pictures @ http://www.flickr.com/photos/giby
Madhuri Raut
"Rosaceae Week: 03102011MR1 ?wild cherry tree from Pune for ID"
Prashant awale
formp...@yahoo.com
Thanks for details.
One doubt. Apple genus Malus or Pyrus or both or one new, one old?
Madhuri
Sent from BlackBerry® on Airtel
Satish Phadke
Thanks for reading it thoroughly.
Pyrus malus is not an accepted name but is a synonym of Malus pumila.
The correct genus of Apple is Malus
Dr Satish Phadke
Gurcharan Singh
Dr. Gurcharan Singh
Retired Associate Professor
SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
Phone: 011-25518297 Mob: 9810359089
http://people.du.ac.in/~singhg45/
Dr Pankaj Kumar
One more example of tautonym was Linaris linaris which was later
changed to Linaris linifolia. Such names are valid in zoology though.
Regards
Pankaj
On Oct 7, 1:31 pm, Gurcharan Singh <singh...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Satish ji
> This is what I have been teaching my students for 35 years, since this
> provides examples of tautonym (Malus malus), how basionym becomes
> unapplicable and so on. Unfortunately (but correctly now) the name Malus
> pumila is now restricted to Paradise apple, a wild species, smaller tree
> with bright pink petals and fruit not larger than 1.5 cm. Our Table apple or
> orchard apple is now known as Malus domestica.
>
> --
> Dr. Gurcharan Singh
> Retired Associate Professor
> SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
> Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Fri, Oct 7, 2011 at 10:43 AM, Satish Phadke <drsmpha...@gmail.com> wrote:
> > Yes Madhuri ji
> > Thanks for reading it thoroughly.
> > The correct genus of Apple is *Malus*
>
> > On Fri, Oct 7, 2011 at 10:35 AM, <formpeja...@yahoo.com> wrote:
>
> >> ** I expected this at the start of week. Helps in understanding.
> >> One doubt. Apple genus Malus or Pyrus or both or one new, one old?
> >> Madhuri
>
> >> Sent from BlackBerry® on Airtel
> >> *From: * Satish Phadke <drsmpha...@gmail.com>
> >> *Sender: * indian...@googlegroups.com
> >> *Date: *Fri, 7 Oct 2011 10:02:32 +0530
> >> *To: *indiantreepix<indian...@googlegroups.com>
> >> *Subject: *[efloraofindia:86371] ROSACEAE WEEK
>
> >> *FAMILY OF THE WEEK: ROSACEAE*
> >> There are over 25 genera and around 215 species in India mainly confined
> >> to temperate Himalayas ascending up to 6000 meters.
>
>
> >> The plants are herbs, shrubs or trees several species of Rose and *Rubus*have prickles. Sometimes, as in
> >> *Prinsepia* and *Crataegus* the shrubs are armed with sharp spines which
>
> >> The leaves are alternate and simple, pinnately or palmately compound. The
> >> stipules are usually present.
>
> >> The flowers are rarely solitary or fascicled, but commonly they are
> >> arranged in various types of definite or indefinite inflorescences. The
> >> flowers are actinomorphic or sometimes strongly zygomorphic, bisexual or
> >> unisexual,polygamous, pentamerous, hypogynous, peri or epigynous. The calyx
> >> is of typically five basally connate sepals; the calyx tube is free or
> >> adnate to the ovary. The aestivation is imbricate or valvate. In some genera
> >> an epicalyx is also present. The corolla is of generally five free petals
> >> (there are numerous petals in cultivated species of Rosa) which are usually
> >> imbricate in bud. The number of stamens is variable from one to many. They
> >> are often in whorls. The filaments are distinct or sometimes monoadelphous.
> >> The anthers are dithecous and introrse. A cushion shaped or ringlike nectar
> >> secreting disc is present between the stamens and carpel. The gynoecium
> >> shows much variation. There are ten different tribes of gynoecial characters
> >> and type of fruits.
>
> >> The seeds are usually without endosperm.
>
> >> In most Rosaceae the nectar is collected in the receptacular tube and
> >> easily licked by insects. The flowers are mostly protogynous and favour
> >> cross pollination.
>
> >> The seeds are dispersed by animals and birds.
>
>
> >> *Rosa multiflora *(Rose)
>
> >> *Rosa damascene*
>
> >> *Rosa indica*
>
> >> *Rosa banksiae*
>
> >> *Rosa centifolia*
>
> >> *Pyrus mallus* (Apple)
>
> >> *Pyrus communis *(Pear)
>
> >> *Prunus persica *(Peach)
>
> >> *Prunus domestica *
>
> >> *Prunus institia *(Plum)
>
> >> *Prunus armeniaca *(Apricot)
>
> >> *Prunus amygdalous *(Almond)
>
> >> *Fragaria chiloensis* (Garden Strawberry)
>
> >> *Fragaria vesca* L. (Alpine strawberry)
>
> >> *Spiraea*
>
> >> *potentilla*
>
> >> *Brambles*
>
> >> *Cinquefoil*
Balkar Singh
Regards
Dr Balkar Singh
Head, Deptt. of Botany and Biotechnology
Arya P G College, Panipat
Haryana-132103
09416262964