IRLF 





SYLVA TELLIIRIANA 



MANTISSA SYNOPTICA. 



TREES AND SHRUBS 



OF 



NORTH AMERICA, 

AND OTHER PARTS, 

Including about 800 Genera and 1000 species 
new or rectified, improved and classified, 




BY C. SJRAFINESQUE A. M. Ph. D. 



Prof, of Botany, the Natural and Histo- 
rical Sciences, member of many learned 
Societies 



PHILADELPHIA 

1838. 

PRICE FIVE DOLLARS WITH THE SUPPLEMENT 
3 COPIES FOR 9 10 8 COPIES FOR & 20. 






Arnold Arboretum 
January 1943 



SYLVA TELLURIANA. 

MANTIS- SYNOPT. 

NEW GENERA. AND SPECIES 

OF 

TREES AND SHRUBS OF NORTH AMERICA, 

AND OTHER REGIONS OF THE EARTH, 

Omitted or mistaken by the Botanical Au- 
thors and Compilers, or not properly classified, 
now reduced by their natural affinities to the 
proper natural orders and tribes. 

BY C. S. RAFINESQUE, A. M. PH, D. 

Professor of Botany, the Natural and Histo- 
rical Sciences, member of many learned Socie- 
ties in Paris, Bordeaux, Brussels, Bonn, Vienna, 
Zurich, Naples, &c. Philadelphia, New York, 
Lexington, Cincinnati, &c., ttuthor of many 
works. 

BEING A SUPPLEMENT TO THE FLORA TELLURIANA. 



( Trees and Shrubs are the Ornaments of the Earth.) 
PHILADELPHIA : 

PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR AND PUBLISHER. 

1838. 



MAIN UfftAftV 



NOTICE. 

This Synoptical Mantissa being a Supple- 
ment to all the works on Dendrology and Xylo- 
gy, as well as to my own : those New G. and Sp. 
of Trees and Shrubs already described by my- 
self in my various works and Floras, above all 
my two late FLORA TELLURIAN A and FLORA OF 
NORTH AMERICA, as well as my MEDICAL 
FLORA of the United States, will seldom be no- 
ticed or repeated here. 

The whole of the New Genera of such Trees; 
will be duly reduced to their natural orders, and 
a Table formed of them : so as to present at 
once a view of the generic additions to these 
natural groups, and a proper classification of 
such additional Discoveries or Revisions. 

But few Genera of which only the flowers 
are known and not the fruit, or viccversa, will 
be introduced ; but some may, as did Gaertner 
and others when they only obtained imperfect 
materials or figures. 



INTRODUCTION. 

I promised in my FLORA TELLUKIANA 1836 
concluded in 4 parts and 1225 articles, to add 
soon after some others separately; the Trees and 
Shrubs being the most important and striking 
vegetable bodies, deserve to be foremost. They 
are the most valuable also by their fruits, tim- 
ber, bark, medical productions, &c: yet have 
often been neglected by the Botanists not able 
to distinguish objects accurately. 

It is a fact that Trees have been the last to 
be well ascertained and described every where: 
it is only lately that the Elms, Willows, Oaks 
and 20 other Genera of Trees have been pro- 
perly distinguished even in Europe, and in North 
America our Oaks, Willows, Poplars, Ash trees, 
Grape Vines and 40 other Genera of Trees or 
Shrubs have been described only within a few 
years. Our common fruit trees were not even 
distinguished till Decandole attempted it, and 
the Plumb trees, Cherry trees, Wortle berries of 
N. America are yet in utter confusion with ma- 
ny other fruits. 

And still we meet with Botanists who pretend 
that every thing is known, and that all our vege- 
table forms are ascertained and described . . f 

In tropical climates where these w r oody forms 
abound, there remains still more to be achieved 
or even discovered. The old Botanists Rheede, 
Rumphius, Piso, Plumier, and many others have 
figured a crowd of Trees, from the East and 
West Indies, Polynesia and South America, 
that are yet deemed doubtful because not so 
well described as required by modern refine- 
ment, and not met bv late travellers in their 



WT743836 



INTRODUCTION. 



rapid excursions ; but they are often sufficiently 
designed to be known and classed. When they 
have been neglected by our scrupulous Compi- 
lers, I shall make it a point to restore them, and 
admit them by proper names, pointing out their 
affinities and natural analogies. 

Within this Century a crowd of travellers or 
explorers have partly made known the treasures 
of a luxuriant vegetation in South America, Af- 
rica, India, Madagascar, Japan, Polynesia, Aus- 
tralia, &c. but only a part of their discoveries 
have been published, and even that part is some- 
times neglected by the Botanists that do not 
travel. 

Even now there are some Regions of the 
Earth, of which we know little or nothing, as to 
their Trees, Shrubs and Plants. Such are for 
instance Western China, Thibet, Central Tar- 
tary, Eastern Africa, North Australia, Papua, 
Borneo, and in America, Western Brazil, Boli- 
via, Nicaragua and Guatimala, &c. 

Therefore we have yet an ample field before 
us, in attempting to complete the knowledge of 
the woodv Bodies of our Globe, both as to as- 
certaining them all and naming, describing, fi- 
guring and classifying them properly. 

In this little work nothing else will be attempt- 
ed but to collect and restore the chief Genera 
omitted or mistaken, adding some new ones, rec- 
tifying their names, sometimes their species, 
classifying those deemed doubtful, and tracing 
their botanical affinities. I have already done 
so for many in my former works, and above all 
in my FLORA TELLTJRIANA, also NEW SYLVA and 
POMONA of North America. Here I mean to 
give additions thereto, and in fact to all the Bo- 
tanical works, where the labors of Adanson and 



INTRODUCTION. 5 

Necker, Rumphius and Rheede. with a host of 
similar worthy authors, are neglected and omit- 
ted or not properly fixed. 

In doing this, I shall again adopt the desul- 
tory order of arrangement, with alphabetical 
Index, and for the reasons often stated, that I 
cannot stoop to follow the erroneous sexual sys- 
tem, nor the imperfect serial method of any 
modern Author. A perfect serial order is yet 
a desideratum in Botany, none has hit upon it, 
nor begun it by the ROSE as 1 did. I have given 
my own view of this Serial Order in first part 
of Flora Telluriana, and altho' apparently the 
best or least imperfect, if I was to follow it 
here, I might certainly be as much blamed as I 
may be for my Desultory Order ; which is how- 
ever that of Hooker and Lindley in their perio- 
dical publications, that of Lamark, Poiret, with 
many other writers, and the Centuries of Bivona 
and ten others. 

Altho' we have several works on Fruit trees, 
Forest Trees, Ornamental Shrubs, of some Re- 
gions, no work has ever been attempted upon 
all those of our Globe; and altho' usually intro- 
duced in general works, yet they appear there 
drowned and blended with the whole of vegeta- 
tion : while they hold such a rank by size and 
importance, as to deserve to stand alone. We 
lack thus a complete view of Arborescent and 
Frutescent forms all over the Earth, and their 
natural groups. 

A very common distinction, but not always 
accurate is their division into Trees, Palms, 
Shrubs, Under Shrubs, Thorns, Bushes and 
Vines. Except Palms all the others are unna- 
tural blending forms of woody Vegetables. The 
Cactes or Cactoid forms, the Smilax or Shrub- 



G INTRODUCTION. 

by climbing Monocotyles, arid the Stelmians or 
Crowned Monocotyles, akin to Palms, are ad- 
ditional and more natural. 

For these forms, my remarks on habit, classi- 
fication and other details, I refer to the first part 
of my FLORA TKLLURIANA, and to the Introduc- 
tion to my New Sylva of North America for 
the geographical range of Trees : which I as- 
sert to form the principal feature in the botani-* 
cal regions of the Earth. 

To explain th% ; s fact would require many il- 
lustrations and details, more suitable for a Ge- 
neral Sylva Tdluriana, (when it shall be under- 
taken) than a simple Mantissa or Supplement 
like this. Then it will be easy to show how 
some peculiar Genera of Trees prevail or are 
peculiar to each Region, just like the Oaks in 
North America and Mexico, the Willows and 
Roses in Northern Regions, the Palms in tro- 
pical Regions, &e. It has lately been proposed 
to distinguish and denominate these Regions by 
the prevailing Genera of Plants ; but I should 
think the prevailing Trees ought to obtain the 
preference. 

There are woody forms either Generic or 
Specific in almost all the Natural Orders and 
Families, and even among the Ferns, Fungi, &c. 
However the perennial Stem of all the Cellular 
Plants are quite peculiar and not proper wood : 
those of Monocotyles assume also a peculiar 
texture and extraordinary forms, as in Ferns, 
Lycopodes, Equisetides; while the Mosses and 
Hepatites, are totally herbaceous even when 
perennial. Lilies, Orchides, Aroides, Grasses, 
&c., when assuming a frutescent form, have al- 
ways some peculiar structure, quite different from 
the real Trees and Shrubs of the Dicotyle Series. 



INTRODUCTION. 7 

In these by far more numerous on Earth, we 
find whole families altogether frutescent as the 
Palms are among Monocotyles. Such are the 
true Rosaceous, Prunides, Pomides, Mag- 
nolides, Annonides, Coniferes, Amentaceous, 
Cupuliferes, Laurines, Meliaceous, Ericoides, 
Vaccinides, Jasminides, Sarmentose, and many 
others: while there are but few families that are 
totally destitute of the arborescent or frutescent 
forms. 

Among the obsolete and incongruous Genera 
that Jussieu and others could not reduce to his 
natural families, because unwilling to see that 
they were types of new ones, nearly all were 
frutescent and have since been properly distri- 
buted or framed into peculiar families, even 
when 1 or 2 Genera only may have been the 
original types. I shall do the same with some 
others, that have been neglected, because the 
Botanists were puzzled where to place them. 

Lastly the object of this Mantissa is both to 
correct generic errors and omissions, and to add 
at least all the Trees and Shrubs already known 
and described or figured, to our actual mass of 
botanical improved knowledge, upon the plan 
proposed and pursued in my FLORA TELLUHIANA, 
for many other branches of Botany. 

Philadelphia, October, 1838. 



8 



SYI.VA TELLURIANA. 

CENTURIA I. 

Article 1. OLEA Auct. Many Sp. have been 
improperly united to this Genus, and many real 
Sp. blended as varieties, the common Olive is 
the type, all others must be again examined. 
The nat. family OLEINA of R. Brown of which 
it is the type, hardly differs from JASMINEA ex- 
cept by a rnonosperm drupe. The real Olea 

nas Cor. infundib. stigma bifi do, stylo 

clongato and the real Olea europea has 

ramis levis, fol, ovato lane, mucrcnulatis, 

margine revoluto, subtus albidis, fructo obi. 
nigro. Native of regions around the Medi- 
terranean: it has produced 25 varieties now 
cultivated, distinguished by slight differences of 
size, season, value of fruits; but some presumed 
varieties with different shaped. leaves or fruits, 
are real species, whether primordial or devia- 
ted, and many botanists have hinted as much. 
All seen alive. 

2. Olea europea Var. Semper florcns Raf. O. 
caiefcana Petagni, Vitm. deemed a sp. by them, 
but no essential difference given, it only differs 
by having flowers and fruits at all seasons ; the 
olives are small ovatoblong blackish, oil good, 
leaves ovate lanceolate. South Italy. 

3. Olea verrucosa Raf. ramis verrucosis, fol. 
lanceol. planis acutis subtus albidis. South of 
Europe, the only variety in Perst>on, but a real 
species probably. 

4. Olea bifcra Raf. ramis levissimis, fol. 
major obi. lanceol. subtus argenteis, fruct. pri- 



CENT. I. 9 

niordialis elongatis acuminatis purpureis, sero- 
tinis parvis globosis South Italy, called olwa 
sanctana near Rome, the foliage is globular 
not spreading, very remarkable by bearing 
twice a year and different shaped fruits, the 
last not larger than peas are like a bjadder of 
excellent oil. 

5. Olea cay ana Raf. ramis levis, fol. ellip- 
ticis obtusis subtus pallidis South of Europe, 
called, Cayan Olive. 

6. Olea angustifolia Raf. ramis levis, foK 
angustis lanceolatis Sonth of Europe. 

7. Olea bremfolia Raf. ramis levis, fol, ova- 
tis brevis South of Europe. We lack accounts 
of the olives of Asia. 

8. ENAJMON Raf. (nom. grec.) diff. Ofea, cal, 
minutus sub4dent. cor. rotata, 4partita, lobis re- 
curvis. stam. 2 opp. in sin. ovar. globoso. stylo 
teres, stigma globoso umbilicato thus totally 
unlike the real Olive, nearer to Phyllirea only 
one type, unless Olea capensis should also be- 
long thereto. 

9. Enaimon undulata Raf, Olea do Jaq. 
Lod. 379, bot. mag. 3089. O. laurifolia Lam. 
ramis verrucosis, fol. petiolatis obi. utrinque 
acum. subtus pallidis, paniculis trichotoniis 
South Africa where called Fzerhout or Iron 
wood. 

10. PAUSIA Raf. diff. Olea, dioica, cor. tubu 
losa, 4fida, lobis reflexis, stigma subsessile emar- 
ginato, nux striata basi perforata. Racemis 
panic, bracteis connatis all the real Olives 
arc of the old continent, this is American and a 
genuine Genus, the type being Pausia anieri^ 
cana (or odorata) Olea do L. auct. but as it is 
stated the leaves vary being lanceolate, elliptic 
or obovate, it may include also several species, 



10 SYLVA TELLUR. 

seen dry. Pausia was an ancient latin name 
of the Olive. 

11. POGENDA Raf. (beard inside) diff. Olea f 
cor, tubulosa teres 4fida, intus barbata, stam. 
4 IProbably not even of same family, since 2 
stamens are essential thereto, and rather akin 
to Mayepea, with 4 stamens also. 

12. Pogenda cernua R. Olea do Vahl, auet. 
foL obi. lane, obtusis, racemis axil. fl. cer- 
nuis Madagascar. 

13. NESTEGIS Raf. (not covered) diff. Olea, 
corolla nulla, stam. 2 hypog. How can an ape- 
talous shrub, with stamens not on a corolla be 
united to Olea ! Type N. elliptica Raf. Olea 
do Vahl &c foL ellipt. fl. racemosis New Zeal- 
and. Probably of FRAXINIDES tribe, and akin 
to Forrestiera, Nudilus &c, see my New flora. 

14. NOTELEA Vent. To this G. Smith pro- 
posed to unite Rhizosperma of Gaertner, and 
even Phyllirea ! Chionanthus\ what an incon- 
gruity ! while it even includes at least 2 distinct 
Gr. the real Notelea has cal. tubul. 5fid. eq. 
persist, petalis 4, basi pari coalitis cum stam. 2 
filif. stylo filif, stig. integro, drupo monosp. 
Many types N. punctata, ovata, ligustrina, 
microcarpa &c. Near to Chionanthus but 
different calix, style, petals &c. 

15. POSTUERA Raf. (nymph) diff. Notelea, 
calix 5fido inequalis, stylo bifido, stigma 2 
Type P. longifolia R. Notelea do Ait. foL lan- 
ceol, reticulatis. 

All the above Genera are frutescent, for 
many others akin see my New Flora 706 to 
734, where the G. Chionanthus, Forestiera. 
Carpoxis, Nudilus, Fraxinus, Leptalix, Or- 
nanthes, Samarpses &c are properly desig- 
nated. Also my N. G. Faulia fl. tell. 314, once 



CENT. I. IT 

blended with Ligustrum ; and Linociera, May- 
epea wrongly united to Chionanthus ; Lino- 
ciera belongs to Jasminea having a berry 21oc, 
4sperm, the petals are as in Notelea. 

16. PATTARA Ad. Basal, Rh. Lam. Bosc. 
cal. 5part. petalis 5, stam, 5, ovar. globoso, 
stylo brevis, stigma, simplex drupis globosis 
monosp. Frut. sempermrens^fol. alt. racemis 
axil. ftor. odoratis put by Adanson among 
the CISTIDES but akin to Ximenia and Cansi- 
era all probably belonging to my family of CEL- 
TIDES, though differing from Celtis by petals 
and single style, 2 types omitted by nearly all 
Authors, 

17. Pattara basal Raf. petalis subrotundis. 
Rheed 6. t. 11. 

18. Pattara acuta Raf. petalis ovatis acutis 
Rh. 6. t. 12. Both in Malabar, the fruits are 
vermifuge. 

19. BEDUSIA Rh. Raf. cal. 6part. petalis 6. 
stam. plurimis,ovar. ovato, stylo simplex, drupis 
ovatis uniloc. Spyrenis, sem. globosis. Frutex, 

foL alt. simpl. fl* axillaris near to Banara 
and Grewia in family TILIACEA, monotype. 

20. Bedusia aromatica Raf. fol. ovatis in- 
tegris coriaceis fl. fascic. Malabar, figured by 
Rheed. 5. t. 50. leaves with aromatic taste and 
smell, flowers very small scentless. 

21. MABOLA Raf. cal. rotato 4part. calicu- 
lato, cor. urceolata 4fida, stam. 24 hypogyna 
non epicorolis, filam. 12 distinctis filiformis 
apice furcatis biantheriferis, antheris anticis et 
posticis bilocul. cetera ut Diospyros singular 
G. by the extraordinary number and position of 
anthers not lateral to each other, same family 
as Diospyros however. 

22. Mabola edulis Raf. Diospyros mabola 



[% 3YLVA TELLUR* 

lioxb. bot. reg. 1139. fol. obi. acutis, fl. term* 
fasciculatis a fine fruit tree of the Philipines> 
fruit like a Quince, rosy flesh of ^ fine flavor, 
flowers yellow odorous : wood like Ebony. 

23. CALSIAMA Raf. Calesiam Rh. Ad. cal. 
4ph. decid. petalis 4 ovatis acutis,stam.8,ovar* 
ovat, stylo simplex, drupis obi. compr. monosp. 
F07. oppos. pinnatis fl. term, racemosis 
very near to Amyris, same family my AMYRI- 
DES, chief difference in calix. Monotype. 

24. Calsiama malabarica Raf. foliolis ova* 
tis integris, petalis acutis, drupis viridis 
Rheed. 4 t, 32. A tree, the bark is medical, 
used against spasms, gout, ulcers and dyssen- 
tery, 

25. BEMSETIA Raf. Rubiacea cal. adh, 
4dent, basi globoso, cor. tubo elongato, limbo 
4part. rotato et reflexo, faux barbata, aritheris 
4 sessilis in sinub. exertis subulatis, stylo clavato 
bifido. Bacca 21oc. 2sperma- habit of Ixora 
to which it was wrongly united. Monotype. 

26. Bemsetut panlculata Raf. (Bemscheti 
Rh. 2. t. 14. Ixora barbata Roxb. bot. mag. 
2505) fol. petiol. ovatoblongis. panicula term. 
Schotoma laxa Shrub of South India, flowers 
white. 

27. CLADERIA Raf. (vvooly twigs) cal. parvus 
5fidus, petalis 5ianceol. stam. 10 liberis pet. eq. 
stylo filif. stig. capit. Baccis globosis monosp, 
Arbor fol. pinnatis, fl. term, panic. Another 
G. of the family AMYRIDES, not at all a Melia 
as supposed by some. 

28. (jladeria parviftora Raf. ramis lanatis, 
foliolis ovatis, paniculis multifloris fine tree of 
South India, called Carabou by Lam. Bosc, a 
Melia by others. Leaves and flowers with a 



CENT. I. 13 

strong smell, leaves bitter, flowers small blos- 
soming twice a year, seeds affording an oil. 

29. APAMA Rh, Raf. (n. ind.) calix trifidus, 
petalis nullis, stam. plura triadelphis, pisU 
minut. fruct, theca siliquosa intus pulposa polysp* 
Frutex scmporv.fol. alt. fl. axil N. farn. of 
HESPERIDES near to Triphasia of Loureiro, also 
akin to Androsemutn of Hypericines, but is the 
fruit unilocular ? 

30. Apama laurifolia Raf. (Alpan Bosc) 
fol. oblongis pereimis, fl. axil. 2-4 fasciculatis 
East Indies, flowering twice a year, medical* 
juice used with oil for ulcers, and with Cala- 
mus against bites of Snakes. 

31. BNTECA Rh. Ad. cal. 5dent. corolla 
5fida, stam. 5, pist. libero, stylo recto, stig. glo- 
boso. Baccis siccis obi. 21ocul. polysp. Arbor 
semperv* fol. alt. fl. panicul put by Adan- 
son next to Sty rax, but more akin to Solanum, 
unless the stamens be opposed to corolla when 
it may rank in the SAPOTIDES. The seeds are 
ovoid hard in two rows in each cell, partition 
membranose. 

32. Benteca odorata Raf. fol perennis 
ovatis subtus viliosis, racemis terrain, panicula- 
tis tall tree of Malabar figured by Rheed 4. t. 
SO, the flowers are small greenish white, but 
numerous and fragrant ; the leaves are sudo- 
rific. 

33. BESSIA Ra (n. ind.) Leguminose. caL 
5dent. petalis 5ineq. 4 subrot. uno obi, obt. stam. 
10 liberis ineq. 3 multo longior, ovarium coni- 
cum, stylo filif. legum. compressis 4-6spermis, 
Arbor fol. alt. part pinnatis, fl. term, race- 
mosis another G. of the Lomentaceous Le- 
guminose, near Senna, Sophora &,c. 

34. Bessia sanguinolenta Raf. (Bessi 



14 SYLVA TELLUR. 

Rumph. 3 1 10. Lam. Bosc.) foliolis 4-6 ovatis 
integris, racemis terminalibus large useful tree 
of Molucas, excellent timber, flowers yellow, 
pods one foot long ; sap red like blood, staining 
permanently. This and other Indian names 
above, are certainly as good as Piper, Cassia, 
Caffea, and 50 similar Indian or Arabic names 
of Linneus, If Bessia is not good enough or 
too near Bassia I Dendrema or bloody tree is 
suggested instead. 

35. GOSSYPIUM L. auct. Cotton is a fine 
natural G. most of the sp. being frutescent ; but 
they are as yet little understood, and the Afri- 
can and Asiatic kinds not well described. 
Wildenow, Lamark, Smith and Decandole have 
but few sp. not well distinguished : Decandole's 
account of this G, as well as Vitis and some 
others is very imperfect, having neglected the 
monograph of American Cottons by Rohr and 
Bosc, which I have chiefly used in my own mo- 
nograph. Rohr had noticed (but not well 
named) nearly 40 years ago 34 species and va- 
rieties, taking his characters from the seeds 
rather than the variable leaves and glands. I 
shall give here a synoptical view of his labor 
and mine, having reduced them to 26 botanical 
sp. under 3 subgenera, adding the average pro- 
duce of Cotton by each tree. 

36. Subg. KARPAS Raf. semina scabra, 
avena, nuda non villosa nee tomentosa, sepe 
nigra. 

37. Subg. LEIOFAIUM R. (smooth brown) 
semina levis venosa fuscata, vel viridis. 

38. Subg. LANIGERUM R. semina villosa vel 
tomentosa, 

39. Gossypium (Karpas) mrgatum Raf. sp. 
1 Rohr, Bosc. ramis virgatis, sem. magna ovata 



CENT. I. 15 

sc abra nuda Shrub 9 feet high, worthless pro- 
ducing hardly any cotton, Antilles. 

40. Gossypium (Karpas) niveum Raf. sp. 2 
R. B. sem. apex subfibrosis ad utrinquelatere 
Cotton very white, of Antilles, not productive. 

41. Gossypium (Karpas) virens Raf. sp. 3 
R. B. sem, villis viridis coronata et maculata, 
apex brevis small Shrub, but fine cotton, pro- 
duce 2 ounces. Martinico &c. 

42. Gossypium (Karpas) decurrens Raf. sp. 
4, 5, 9 R. B. sem, ovata scabra, corona tomen- 
tosa ad angulo decurrens sorrel cotton, 4 va- 
rieties 1. viridis producing only 4 ounces of 
cotton, 2 rubrum, with stem, petiols, nerves and 
calix red, valuable, producing 7J ounces of fine 
clean cotton on each Shrub 5 feet high. 3floco- 
sum, seeds with flocose spots, shrub 6 feet high, 
producing 4 ounces of cotton. 4 paiulum, like 
last, but loftier, much spreading, producing one 
pound of cotton. 

43. Gossypium (Karpas) macrospermum 
Raf. sp. 6 R. B. sem. obionga scabra longe acu- 
minata, corona tomentosa vix decurrens 
Shrub 7 feet high, produce 3 ounces. Antilles. 

44. Gossypium (Karpas) herbaccum L. sp. 
7, 8 R. B. sem. ovata scabra nigra, angulo un- 
cinato barbato this is the common cotton na- 
tive of Asia, the black seed C, of North Amer. 
akin to the green seed C. or G. hirsutum not 
mentioned by Rohr: several varieties 1. barba- 
tum, end of seed smooth, perennial, 6 feet high, 
producing 5 ounces of cotton. 2. megacarpum, 
end of seeds hairy crowned, large capsules, an- 
nual, very fine cotton. 3 vulgaris, end of seeds 
hairy crowned, smaller capsules, annual, 3 or 4 
feet high, producing 7 ounces of coarser cotton* 



16 SYLVA TfcXLUR. 

4. perennc, like last but perennial stem, Italy, 
Sicily, Spain, Persia, &c, 

45. Gossypium (Karpas) guyanense Raf. 
10, 11 R. B. sem. ovata scabra nigra, 7-11 
coalitis in loculis, byssus elongatus small tree 

8 to 12 feet high, producing two crops yearly 
and each tree 12 to 24 ounces of finest cotton, 
one of the long staples, native of Guyana and 
Brazil, 2 var. 1. verum, Surinam Cotton, seeds 

9 to 11 in each cell forming a narrow pyramid, 
2 braziliensis, Brazil Cotton, seeds 7 to 9 form- 
ing a broad pyramid. 

46. Gossypium (Leiophaium) convexum 
Raf. 12 R. B. Foliis convexis, sem. levis fusca- 
ta venosa, postice apice barbata, angulo antice 
ad apice longior, bys^sus laxus in S. .Marta, 8 
feet high, gives two yearly crops of line snowy 
cotton easily plucked, 

47. Gossypium (Leiof.) tenax Raf, 14 R. 
B. sem. levis fuscata venosa, apice coronata 
penicellata, angulo uncinato,byssus tenax An- 
tilles, 10 to 12 feet high, producing 4 ounces of 
fine long cotton, but very difficult to pluck. 

48. Gossypium (Leiof.) fuscum Raf. 13 R. 
P. sem. levis fuscata venosa, apice postice vil- 
losa, angulo uncinato, ad apex brevior, byssus 
fuscatus tree 12 to 15 feet high,native of Asia, 
cotton dirty redish brown difficult to pick. 

49. Gossypitim (Leiof.) pollens Raf. 1 6 R. 
B. sem. levis fuse, venosa, apice tomentosa, an- 
gulo uncinato, byssus rubescens from Asia also, 
6 faet high, cotton paler than last, redish, 3 
ounces. 

50. Gossypium (Leiof.) asiaticum Raf. 19 
R. B. sem. brevis vix ovata levis fuse, venosa, 
apice barbata villosa, byssus albus Asiatic, 
akin to last, same size, leaves, glands, flowers, 



CENT. I. 17 

but fruits, seeds and cotton different, producing 
6 ounces each tree of fine white cotton. 

51. Gossypium (LeiofyamblospermumRaf. 
15 R. B. sem. levis fuse, venosa, angulo obtuso, 
apex villoso, byssus laxo Antilles, 10 feet high, 
producing only 2J ounces of cotton. 

52. Gossypium (Leiof.) trichospermum R. 
17, 18 R. B. sem. levis fuse. ven. angulo acuto, 
corona villosa et capillaris, byssus elongato of 
South America, New Grenada, Peru &c, tree 
12 to 20 feet high, the longest known staple 7 
or 8 inches long, a var. has a shorter staple, 
both difficult to spin. 

53. Gossypium (Lanigerum) rupestre Raft 

20 R. B. sern. subglobosa parva subvillosa, pilis 
adpressis found wild in Curazaoon rocks,cap- 
sules and seeds very small, but cotton silky 
snowy and strong. Leaves variable. 

54. Gossypium (Lanigy) divaricatum Raf. 

21 R. B. Ramis patulis, sem. oblonga villosa 
coronata pilosa, angulo uncinato Hayli, 7 feet 
high branches divergent spreading, gives two 
yearly crops. 

55. Gossypium (Lanig.) sarmentosum Raf. 

22 R. B. ramis procumbens sarmentosis, sem. 
oblonga, villosa, corona pilosa, antice plana, 
postice gibbosa very peculiar African sp 
branches drooping or prostrate 5 feet long. 
Leaves like the last says Rohr, cotton very 
white. 

56. Gossypium (Lanig.) teleium Raf. 23 R a 
B. sem. fulvo tomentosa, sulcata tuberculata, 
macula glabra ad basi antice, byssus colorato 
native place unknown, very peculiar seeds 
with several obtuse angles and furrows, cotton 
fine of a yellowish brown. 

57. Gossypium (Lanig.) cinereum Raf, 24 

3 



18 iYLVJu TELLUR. 

R. B. sem. cinereo tomentosa teretiuscula, 
byssus elongato albo South America, 7 feet 
high, giving only one yearly crop of 2i ounces 
of cotton similar to that of the Guyana Cotton. 

58. Gossypium (Lanig.) isabelum Raf. sem. 
rubrofusca tomentosa,teretiuecula, corona pilosa, 
byssus flaveolus Asiatic, cotton very fine of 
Isabella yellow, but not very productive. 

59. Gossypium (Lanig.) albescens Raf. 26 
R. B. sem. ovata tota tomentosa non apiculata, 
byssus albescens tenax several varieties 1. 
megaspermum, large seeds, cotton of a dirty 
white, 4 ounces per tree, 2. rubescens, cotton 
of a redish white color. 3 cayenense small seeds, 
cotton worthless of a dirty white, very hard to 
pick, wild at Cayenne. 

60. Gossypium (Lanig.) bicolor Raf. sem. 
tomentosis ovatis nonnulis cinereis, nonnulis 
viridis, byssus albo tenax Trinidad, a singular 
sp. by two kinds of seeds in the same pods, grey 
and dark green, wrongly deemed a var. of last 
by Rohr. cotton fine and white. 

61. Gossypium (Lanig) purpureum Raf. 27 
R. B. sem. ovatis tomentosis pilosisque apicula- 
tis, fol. calicibusq, purpureis byssus albo tenax 
Antilles and S. Amer. 7 feet high, only 1J ounce 
of cotton, petiols, nerves and twigs red. 

62. Gossypium (Lanig,) speciosum Raf. fol. 
lobis acutis, uniglandulosis, petalis rubro notatis, 
sem, globosa tomentosa canescens, bysso tenax 
from India, small shrub, but with fine citron 
flowers with a large red spot at base of petals, 
capsules small, cotton very short whitish. Is it 
the G. microcarpon ? 

63. Gossypium (Lanig.) cambayense Raf. G. 
religiosus var. 28 Rohr. B. fol. lobis subrotundis, 
glandula sepe carens, petalis et sem. ut in 62. 



CENT. I. 19 

Blended by Rohr. with the last as varieties of 
G, religiosum, which however appears different 
from both, taller shrub with larger capsules and 
and seeds than last, but same fine flowers. 

64. Gossypium (Lanig.) rohrianum Raf. 29 
Rohr. sem. tomentosa, glomerata, byssus tenax. 
Portorico, similar to G. guyanensis in every 
respect except the wooly seeds and shorter sta- 
ple hard to pick. 

There are besides many other kinds of cotton 
slightly indicated by various writers, but not 
described; two of them deserve to be acquired 
and studied. 

65. Gossypium aureum Raf. Golden Cotton 
of Dahomey in Africa, of a fine yellow color, 

66. Gossypium nankin Raf, the fine pale 
nankin Cotton of China different from all others. 

The silky Cotton of Asia and America is pro- 
duced by several sp. of Bombax, it has a short 
brittle down, like that of the Gsnus Asclepias. 

67. KAMBALA Raf. (n. ind.) cal. camp. 4fid. 
crassus persisteus, cor. o, stam. plura multiseri- 
atis basi monadelphis, antheris cordatis, ov. 
turb. stylo tereto flexuoso, stigma maximum, 
pileiforme subtus concavo. Pomum Slocul. sem. 
plura in pulpa. Arbor, fol. oppos. ft. pedic. 
articuL axil, et term fam. HESPERIDES near 
Sonneratia and Citrus. If Kambala is too bar- 
barous, I propose Mycostylis applying to the 
style like a Fungus. 

68. Kambala pendula Raf. (Sonneratia ape- 
tala Buch. ic. auct.) Ramis pendulis, ramulis 
brachiatis, fol. petiol. ovatolanceol. integris car- 
nosis avenis, pedunc, cernuis fine tree of Ava, 
with habit of weeping willow. Sonneratia dif- 
fers by cal. urceolate 6fid, 6petals, different 
style &c. 



20 SYLVA TEIXtJR. 

69. EPISTEIRA Raf. (on sterile) raonoica, fl. 
tnasc. cal. Gpart. obi. obt. 3 reflexis alt. cor. o, 
antheris pluris lin. adnatis ad pistillo sterilis. obi. 
vel. monadelphis instar. fl. fern. cal. Gpart. su- 
bul. persistens, ov, magnum orbicul. depres. 
stylo unico breve, stigma cavum Gdent. caps, 
sulcata 9-121ocul, 9-12 valvis septiferis, loculis 
2-3 sp. sem. serialis centralis. Frutex,fol. alt. 
stipulatis, fl. axil quite unlike Agyneia with 
m. fl. Sparted, 8 stam. 3 styles, caps. Scocous, 
hardly of same family Euphorbides, type of a 
tribe with valves septiferous and united stamens, 
or akin to my MEBORIDES see fl, tel. 1117. Me- 
borea chiefly differs by 3 anthers inserted on 3 
styles. 

70. Episteira coccinea Raf. (Agyneia do 
Buch. ic. auct.) ramulis angulatis, fol. petiol, 
lanceol. obtusis, stipulis subul. ft. fascic. axil, 
masc. pedic. fern, sessilis mixtis Birman em- 
pire, singular shrub, fl. yellow, fruits scarlet.. 

71. YANGAPA Raf. (n. ind.)diff. Gardenia, cal. 
5gonus, cor. hypocrat. limbo 5-6part. Antheris 
5-Gtubo adnata, stylo apice dilatato compresso, 
stigma adnatum sulcatum. Drupa obi. 5cari- 
nata umbilic. nux subbiloc. sem. plura in pulpa 
nidulans Gardenia differs by cor. infund. and 
a berry, stigma bilobe &c. yet both same family. 

72. Yangapa fiava Raf. (Gardenia corona- 
ria Buch. ic. auct) fol. petiol. ovatis acum. fl. 
axill. sessilis selit. corollis venosis flavis Bir- 
man Empire, small tree. The G. Gardenia was 
formed by many anomalous sp. this and the 3 
next G. must be separated. 

73. ROTHMANNIA Th. Raf. diff. Gard. cal. 
lac. teretis acutis, cor. campanulata lac. acutis 
&c. Type R. capensis Thunb. Gardenia roth- 
tuannia L. auct,. 



CENT. I. 

74. PLEIMERIS Raf, or Thunbergia Mont. 
1773, Sonnerat &c, (not of Lin. what date?) diff. 
Gardenia, cal, limbo 4-6part. lac, unguic. appen- 
dic. cuculatis, cor. 7-10fida hypocr. tubo longo, 
antheris 7-10, stigma obliq. sulcatum. Arbor* 

foL vertic. fl. term. 

75. Pleimeris capensis Raf. Thunb. do M. 
S. Gard. thunbergia L. auct. fol.ovatobl. acum. 
undul. &/c see authors, how could this fine 
tree be united to Qardenia ! is the Thunbergia 
of L. anterior or posterior to this ? 

76. XEROMPHIS Raf. (dry omb.) diff. Garde- 
nia, cor. hypocr. hirsuta limbo 5part. lac. rotun- 
dis. bacca exsuca umbilicata Slocul. sub Svalvis 
Frutex spinos. the berry totally unlike Gar- 
denia, yet still of sanne natural order. 

77. Xeromphis retzi Raf. (Gardenia dume- 
torum Retz. Vitm.) fol. obov. integris. spiriis 
axil, oppos. fl. solit. brevi ped, East Indies, a 
small bushy shrub, flowers small and white. 

78. CURNILIA Raf. cal. 5phyl. petaloideis, 
stam. 5. ov. lib. subrot. stigma sessile. Drupa 
ovatobl. Isperma. Frutex sarmentfol. oppos. 
fl. axil, corymbosis rather tloubtful affinities, 

probably of my fam. Rimnidia or Amy rides. 

79. CurnUia sarmentosa Raf, (Curinil Rh. 
7. 25. Bosc) Fol, petiol. ovatis acutis integris, 
corymbis ramosis axil Malabar, flowers yel- 
lowish white, drupes green, inside whitish bit* 
terish as well as the white seed in the kernel. 

80. LASIPANA Raf. (hairy quite) Echinus 
Lour, non L. diff. Aker, dioic. fl. m. cal. monoph, 
squamosus villosus ineq. cor. o. stam. 30. fl. fern, 
cal. vill. ineq. 5-6part. ovar. bilobo, stylis 2 vil- 
losis. caps. 1-2 coalitis globosis Isp. villosis 
Arbor fol. spar sis simpl. fl. ped. later very 
near Aker and Fotherglla, family of AKERIDES 



22 8YLVA TELLUK. 

the name of Loureiro was same as a G. of an- 
imals and besides did not apply. 

81. Lasipdna tricuspis Raf. fol. pet. ovat, 
acutis integris tricuspidisque subtus villosis, pe- 
dunculis ramosis Anam or Cochinchina. 

82. RETAMA Raf. (n, arab) Lygos Ad. Apar- 
tium Neck, Leguminosa diff, Spartium cal. bi- 
lab. camp, lab. sup. 2fida, inf. 3dent. stam. basi 
monadelphis ineq. coalitis, antheris eq. obi. pe- 
talis subeq. vexiL cucul. stig. obt, glabro, leg. 
subinflatis brevis monosp. This fine distinct G. 
has been by turns put in Spartium, Cytisus and 
Genista! several types. 

83. Retama albiflora Raf. Spartium monosp. 
L, auct. b. mag, 683, Genista monosp. Dec. 
Lind. b. reg. 1918 &>c ramis virg. ter. striatis 
mid is, juniorib. fol. lin. sericeis, racemis ovatis 
Sicily, Spain, Africa, Arabia, beautiful shrub 
seen alive, fl. white fragrant : main type of G, 

84. Retama lutea Raf, Spartium spherocar- 
pon L. auct. and perhaps other sp. Necker adds 
to his Apartium, the Sp. contaminatum,aphy- 
lum, scorpiaS) purgans, sepiarium, junceum 
&,c, belonging to other groups. All these akin 
Genera are yet in utter confusion, authors blend- 
ing them, and refering sp. by habit only ! with- 
out attending to different calix, petals, stamens, 
stigma, pods, .... according to Adanson his 
Lygos (sp. spherosp.) has cal, urceol. 5dentate, 
and seed flat. 

85. LUGAION Raf. (Apartium sp. N,) diff. 
Spartium, cal. tubul. 5dent. vexillum reflexo ob- 
cord. stigma villosum, leg. ovatis vel obi. com- 
pressis, sepe 2-3sp. This will include many sp. 
aphylum, etnense (Sp. trisp. Sm,) umbellatum, 
angulatum, multiflorum* linifolium, &c, ' all 
Spartium of authors. Besides Sp. radiatum 



CENT. 1. 23 

with pods ovate polysperm, and Sp. ferox with 
pods linear falcate polysperm, probably 2 other 
subgeriera. 

87. NUBIGENA Raf. diff. Retama, cal. lab. 
sup. truncato, leg. compr. curvo undul. glabro 
polysp. nearer to last by pods but type very 
near Retama. 

88. Nubigena tenerifa Raf. Spartiurn and 
Cytisus nubigenus auct. flowers white and fra- 
grant as in Retama, but axillary fasciculate. 

89. VERZINUM Raf. (n. lat.) diff. Spartium, 
cal. 5partitus patens ineq. bilab. petalis magnis 
rotundis. Leg. tomentoso compr. undul. polysp. 
Types V. patens and arboreum Raf. Spar- 
tium do auct. 

90. Spartium L. Ad. Necker, &c. cal. camp, 
ventricoso 21ab. lab. dilat. sup. 2dent. inf. 3dent. 
vexil. refl. obcord. stam. monad, stig. glabro 
Leg. planum polysp. sem. planis this G. is thus 
reduced for type to Sp* scoparium and such 
others as may be found to agree thereto, Sp. fti- 
fiorum probably &,c. 

91. LYGOPLIS Raf. (armed spark) diff. cal. 
tubulosus membranosus sub. 21ab. vel. subinte- 
gro, stig. villoso, Leg. ovato vel obi. compr. 
2-4sp.. This perhaps includes many or most of 
the spinose kinds, altho' there are yet some ano- 
malies, such are Lyg. spinosum, villosumjior- 
ridum, ferox ? They are as akin to Vlex as to 
Spartium. 3 others Sp. contaminatum, sepia- 
rium and cytisoides are now forming the G. 
Lebeckia. Some of the spinose Genistas .may 
also belong to Lygoplis; Genista of L. and co- 
pists hardly differs from their Spartium except 
by oblong narrow incumbent vexillum : their 
Cytisus by diadelphous stamens and pedicellate 



24 SYLVA TELLUR. 

pod ; but it is not always so, and a crowd of de- 
viating sp. must all be examined. 

92. GENISTA Raf. Corniola Ad. cal. urceol. 
ineq. 5dent. vex. angust. obi. incumbens. stain, 
monad. Leg. planum polysp. Type G. tincto* 
ria, and all the sp. agreeing with it. Decan- 
dole in his flora Gallica united all the Spar- 
tiums to Genista ! even the monosperm kinds. 

93. AVORXELA Raf. Chama-spartium Ad. Ge- 
nistella Tourndiff. Genista, cal. bilab, tripart, 
lab. sup. bifido, inf. 3dent. This as a G. or 
subg. must contain many sp. of Genista and Cy- 
tisus, such as (r. canariensis, candicans, lint- 
folia <c. Adanson adds the Cytisus 6 and 9 of 
Linneus. 

94. EUTELINE Raf, diff. Genista, vexillum 
emarg. amplum planum (ut in Spartium) alae 
ovales, carina dipetala rostrata, Leg. oligosp. 
Types Genista germanica, sagittalis, decum- 
bens, with others having such corolla. 

95. LABURNUM Raf. diff. Cytisus, cal. urceol. 
vel. camp, subbilab. 5dent. vexil. unguic. marg. 
reflexis, stam. basi monad. Leg. stipit. compr. 
polysp. Type La&. pendulum Raf. or Cytisus 
laburnum auct. which has some var. perhaps 
species, and many other akin agreeing thereto. 

90. CYTISUS L. auct. cal. tubul. vel ventrico- 
sus trifidus, vix bilab. lab. inf. integro vel bident. 
vexil. amplum stipit. stam. diadelphis? Leg. 
stipit. Types C. capitatus, purpureus, glaber 
and others akin. Nearly all the botanists ex- 
cept Linneus, Smith 4* c ascribe monadelphous 
stamens to the whole Genus, except C. cajan. 

97. DIAXULON Raf. diff. Cytisus, cal. villoso 
tubuloso caliculato, 5fidus, vexil. villoso, stam* 
monad. Leg. longum compr. polysp. Types D. 



CENT. I. 25 

argenteum, prolifer &c Cytisus of authors. My 
names of Diaxulon, Euteline, Avornela, Lyga- 
ion, Verzinum, Axiron, were all ancient names 
of akin shrubs. The real Cytisus of the latins 
has been proved to be Medicago arborea. 

98. CAJANUM Raf. Cajan Ad. cal. urceol. 
5dent. vexil. erectum, alae horizont. plana, ca- 
rina obtusa, stam, diadelpha. Leg. obi. trans- 
verse striato oligosp. sem. pisiformis hilo exa- 
rata American and tropical genus totally un- 
like: Cytisus cajan of L. and Authors, and there 
are several sp. blended probably; my Caj. tho- 
ra or Cytisus pseudocajan Jaq, is another and 
Cyt. molaceus Aubl. is probably a third, altho' 
the pod is stated to be oval disperme, perhaps a 
subgenus. 

99. ATJLONIX Raf. (can. claw. (diff. Cytisus, 
cal. inflato tubul. bilab. sup. emarg. inf. 3dent. 
vexil. reflex, emarg. unguis canalieulato, stam. 
monadelphis, ov. lin. stylo filif, stig. acutum. 
Leg. sessile subteres polysp. Type A. biflorus 
Raf. (Cytisus do Lher, auct. Edw. b. reg. 308) 
foliolis 3 sess. obov. fl. binatis flavis. Hungary. 

100. MEIEMIANTIIERA Raf, difF. Cytisus, cal. 
campan. membr. bilab. trifido, lab. inf.-ovato in- 
4:egro, vexil. obov. aniplurn, stam. monad, an- 
theris alternis minoribus, Leg. obi. polysp. 
Type M. EolicaR&f. (Cytisus do Guss, Lindl. 
b. reg. 1902) incana pilosa. ramis teretis, folio- 
Ms ternis ellipt. racemis term, thyrsoideis, jfl. 
ternis ebracteatis, leg. glabris Eolian or Lipari 
Islands, quite a distinct G. akin to Crotalaria 
by anthers unequal 5 smaller; whence the name. 



8TLVA TELLtTK- 



CENTURIA II. 

101. ACMOSTIMA R. (hook stig.) diff. Pavetta, 
cal. camp. 5dent. cor. hypocrat. limbo 5fido, 
stam, 5, antheris longis, stylo filif. stigma hama- 
tum. caps, 21oba 2sp Quite distinct from the 
G. Pavetta of Rheede adopted by L. but same 
family, two types. 

102. Acm. longifolium Raf. Pav. barbata Sm. 
auct. Fol. obi. glabris pedalis, fl. panic, dichot. 
tubo corolla brevis intus barbato Shrub of 
Polynesia with flowers white very fragrant, 
leaves one foot long, 2 inches wide. 

103. Acm. bremfolia R. Pav. pentandra Sw. 
auct FoL ellipt. acuro, brevis, fl. panic. 3chot. 
axil, tubo cor. longior imberbis Shrub of An- 
tilles called Wild Coflee, flowers as in last. If 
the capsule is baccate, this with smooth tube 
might form a G, or subg. Osmax, the real Pa- 
vettas have a berry, corolla infund, 4fid, 4 sta- 
mens &c. 

104. RHAMNUS linnean Genus including many 
trees and Shrubs totaly unlike, forming 20 Gen- 
era at least. Zizyphus and Paliurus ha\e 
been generaly adopted, but Frangula and Ala- 
ternus of Tournefort and Adanson less so,while 
the 8 Genera of Necker out of Rhamnus have 
been neglected or not referred except Berche- 
mia. The whole requires yet a total revision 
as to G, and Sp. which I can only attempt here 
in part, proposing Genera. The real Rham- 
nus is dioical, has a 4fi'd calix, no petals, 4 sta- 
mens, 1 style, stigma 4fid. and a berry bilocular 
4sperme. The types are /?. c'atliarticus, in- 
fectorius, dauricus. oleoides and other similar 

Species, the American If. catharticus is proba- 
bly peculiar. 



CENT. II. 2? 

105. ALATERNUS T. Ad. cal. 5fido, petalis 
5planis, stam. 5, stylis 3 vel. st. 3fido, Bacca 
Slocul. Ssperma. There are doubts on this G. 
as to characters and sp, Linheus and Smith 
ascribed to J?. alaternus a single style but 3 
stigmas, many sp. have been blended in the 
type, which I shall now distinguish as they have 
partly been by Miller,Rozier, Duhamel,Tschou- 
di &c, all have evergreen leaves and axillary 
racemes. 

106. Alaternus ovatus Raf. Inermis,* foL 
ovatis crenatis. South of Europe ; probably 
the var. \at ifolius of Persoon &c. 

107. Alaternus lanceolatus Raf. subspinosus, 
feJ. lanceol. serratis, This appears the real 
Rh. alaternus of L. who ascribes to it gemi- 
nate deciduous spines, pyramidal small tree of 
South Europe. 

108. Alaternus integrifolius Raf. Inermis, 
fol. ovatolanceol, integris. Spain, large leaves. 

109. Alat. balearicas Raf. Rhamnus do Duh. 
subspinosus, fol. subrotundis, spinulosis denticu- 
latis small shrub of Balearic Islands. 

110. Alat. cordatus Jlaf. fol. remotis subcor- 
datis serratis. Italy, I have seen all these alive. 
What other Sp. belong here must be ascertain- 
ed ; the Rh. spherospermus is stated to have a 
trifid style, and 1 to 3 seeds in the berry ; Rh. 
hybridus is certainly an Alaternus. Also Rh. 
glandulosus, pumilus and prinoides auct. 

111. FRANGULAT, Ad. Girtanneria Sp. Neck, 
diff. Alaternus Hermaphr. stylo miico, stig, 2-3, 
bacca uniloc. 2-3sp. Types 1 Fr. vulgaris 
Raf. Rh.frangula of botanists, 2 Fr. latifolia 
Raf. Rhamnus do auct. 

112. Frangula fragilis Raf. fl. lud, 320. fol. 
petiol. obi. cuneatis, acutis integris, fl. fasc. pe- 



28 SYLVA TELLUR. 



t Louisiana, shrub 15 feet high, calix ur- 
ceolate 5dent. stigma Siobed, pentandrous &c. 

112. GIRTANNERIA Raf. Herm. cal. persistens 
campan. 4-5lobo, petalis nullis, discus incrassa- 
tus cal. coalito, stam. 4-5 cal. alt. ov. 3lobo, 
bacca uniloc ? Ssperma I confine the name of 
Necker to this Sp. the characters are from L'her, 
and Hooker ; the persistent calix and disk are 
peculiar, 2 types. 

114. Girtan. alnifolia Raf. Rhamnus do 
Lher. t. 42 auct. fo!. ovat. subcord. subacum. 
dentic. nervis puberis, pedunc. dichot. cal. obt. 
baccis globosis purpureis Missouri and Hud- 
son bay, fruits edible. 

115. Girtan. franguloides Raf. Rh. do ]JJ~| 

Pursh &c fol. ovat. aciirn. Jcrrulatis, nervis 
puberis, pedun-. ^ caL acutis? baccis turbi . 

nati * mgris Lake Champlain MX. wrongly 
united to last by Hooker and others, perhaps not 
even of this G. deemed dioical by MX. 
106. CARDIOLEPIS Raf, neog. Hermaphr. cal. 
campan. 5fidus, lac. Sgonis intus carinatis, pe- 
talis 5 minutis squamif. obcord. cuculatis, stam. 
5 involvens, antheris sess, ov. Slobo, stylo crasso, 
stigma 3lobo. Baccis globosis 31oc, 3Sp. very 
distinct G. of mine disc, in 1820 published 1825, 
leaves commonly distichal, fl. axil, fasciculate, 
several types of North America. 

117. Cardiolepis nigra Raf. fol. ellipt. utrin- 
que acutis subintegris, subtus glabris, baccis ni- 
gris Kentucky on rocks, minute green flowers. 

118. CardioL rubra Raf. fol. ellipt. acutis in- 
tegris subundul. subtus pubescens, baccis rubris 
Kentucky, margin of streams, larger shrub. 
Is it the Rhamn. lanceolatus of Pursh ? 

119. CardioL obtusa Raf. (Rhamnus alnif 
Pursh. Rh, purshSamis Dec. Hook. fl. t, 48) fol 



CENT. II, 29 

ellipt, obtusis serrulatis subtus pubesc. Mis- 
souri and Origon: the characters given by 
Hooker exactly agree with my Genus, he calls 
the petals bifid and style trifid. 

102. (jardiol? spln&sa Raf. spinosa, baccis 
ellipt. rubris a very doubtful sp. having only 
seen the berries, in West Kentucky. 

121. PERFONON Raf. (n. grec.) diff, Cardiole- 
pis. cal. lac. acutis planis, petalis integris. ovar. 
ovaturri, stigma subintegrum, obtusum, baccis 
glob, uniloc. 3sp. very near to last G. yet with 
many distinctions, two types. 

122 PERFO??ON laurifolium Raf. Arboreum, 
fol. ellipt, acutis subifitegris,Jucidis glabris, ju- 
niorib. subt. pubescens, petaii reniformis, stig, 
vix emarg. In Origon Mts, seen alive in Bar- 
tram's garden, where it forms a tree 20 feet 
high, the berries form fine clusters and assume 
3 colors, being by turns green, red and black 
when fully ripe. 

123. Perfonon? ferrugineum Raf. Rham- 
non do Nut. fol. obi. ellipt. acutis integris, juni- 
orib. calicibusque ferrugineo toment. petalis 
cuneatis, stigma 3fidum In Florida, compare 
Rh. ellipticus, see 144. 

124. SARCO:,IPHALUS Raf. Hermaphr. cal. 4fid, 
petalis nullis, disco umbilicato carnoso, stam 4, 
stylus bifidus, stig. 2 acutis bacca umbilic. 2 lo- 
cul. 2sperma such are the characters of the 
type Sarc. retusus Raf. Rhamnus sarcompha- 
lus of authors ; but other Sp. are similar altho' 
the disk is not so striking, Sarc. carolinianus, 
prunifoltus, mauritianus, lemgatus &c (all 
Rhamn. auct.) besides the two next shrubs. 

125. Sarcomph. shortianus Raf, Rhamn. 
shorti Nut. fol. ovatobl. acum. subserulatis, 



30 SYLVA TELLUR. 

nervis pubcris, florib. subternis. Kentucky on 
rocks small shrub, near to S. carolinianus* 

126. Sarcomph. grecus Raf. Rhamn. pubes- 
cens Sm. fl. greca t. 239. fol. obov, rhombeis 
villosis subintegris, fi. masc. petaloideis, femi- 
neis apetalis Greece, perhaps a subgenus. 

127. AFARCA Raf; (n.'gr.) dioica, cal. 5fidus, 
petalis nullis, stam, 5, stylo trifido, stig, 3, bac- 
ca 31oc. 3Sp. akin to Alaternus, perhaps a 
subg. of it, type. 

128. Afarca parvijlera Raf. Rham. minutifL 
MX. with a very peculiar habit by leaves sub- 
opposite and flowers spicate, instead of fascicu- 
late as in general. 

129. ATADINUS Raf. (n. gr.) dioicus, cal. 4fid. 
lac. reflexis, petalis bifidis, stam, 4, bacca 2ioc. 
4Sp. near to Rhaninus, but petals as in Car- 
diolepis, type At. alpinus, Rhamnus do auct. 

130. OENOPLIA Raf. Herm. cal. 5par/itus co- 
loratus basi persistens^ petalis 5 planis amplis, 
stam. 5, stigma simplex bacca uniloc. 2sperma 
ad rudimento cal. insidens Type 0. lineata 
Raf. Rhamnus and Ziziphus do auct, but fruit 
a true berry, calix quite peculiar. 

131. BLEPETALON Raf. (cil. pet.) diff. Oenoplia 
cal. 5fidus, petalis ciliatis, stylo unico persistens 
stigma simplex ? Bacca ad cal. circumscisso in- 
sidens, Fol. oppos. distichis, stipulatis, fl. 
axil, umbellatis habit unlike the other Rham- 
noides, perhaps not even of this family, type. 

132. Blepet. aculeatum&af. Rhamn. circum- 
scissus L. auct. Ramis angui. aculeis recurvis, 
fol. obcord, subdenticul. East Indies, flowers 
white. 

133. MYSTACINUS Raf. diff. Alaternus, petalis 
cymbiformis convolutis, stylo 1, stig. 3. fl. her- 
maphr. Ramis cirrhiferis Type M. cirrhife- 
rus Raf. Rhamn. mystacinus Ait. auct. 



CENT. I. 31 

134. ENDOTROPIS Raf. diff. Cardiolepis, peta- 
lis integris, stylus bifidus, bacca 21oc. 2sp. 

135. lEndotr. olctfolia Raf. Rhamn. do Hook, 
fl. t. 44. fol. semperv. lane. obi. acutis subt. pu- 
besc Origon, very different from Rh. oleoides 
L. see 104. 

136. DECORIMA Raf. (ten pits) Herm. cal. 
crassus 5partit. ad basis 10 foveolis, pet. 0, stam. 
5. stig. 2 crassis, baccis 2sp ? Two types with 
different leaves and habit, perhaps subg. 

137. Decor, nmbellata Raf. (Rham. do Cav.) 
fol. opp. subcord. glabris, fl. umbel. Mexico. 

138 1 Decor, trinerms R, (Rham. do Cav.) 
fol. alt. ovatis subt. toment. trinervis, fl. axil. 
Luzon. 

139. MARCORELLA Neck. Raf. Herm. Cal. 
5fidus, pet. 5 planis lane. stam. 5 ad basis callo- 
sis, stylo 1, stig. 3, capsula 31oba 3valvis 3sp. 
very distinct by capsule like next, types M. co- 
lubvina and cubensis, Rhamn. do auct. Iboth 
American. 

140. ATULANDRA Raf. diff. Marcorella, cal. 
4fidus, petalis o, stain. 4 non callosis, stylis 3 
name meaning unwarty stamens, two types, 

141. AtuL valentina Raf. Rham. do W. P. 
V. pumilus Cav. Inermis, fol. ovato subrot. sub- 
crenatis IJast Spain. 

142. Atul ? arragonensis Raf. Rh. do Vitm. 
Spinosus, fol. fascic. lincaribus North Spain. 

143. DIPLISCA Raf. diff. Marcorella, stylo tri- 
partite, capsula 3cocca Gvalvis singular G. 
with capsule and double valves. 

144. Diplisca elliptica Raf. Rh. do Ait. &c r 
Ceanothus reclinatus Lher. Ramis ferrug, to- 
ment. fol. ellipt. acut. integris. Antilles. The 
stamens are oppposed to petals as in all Rham- 



32 SYLVA TELLUR. 

nides, but the capsule is very peculiar, almost 
tricapsular. These 3 capsular G. are near to 
Colletia and Ceanothus. 

115. LITHOPLIS Raf. Herm. cal. 4fid. petalis o, 
stam. 4, ov. immerso in disco,stylo 1, stig. 4fidum 
Drupa ! suhinfera vel adherens 4sperrna ! If as 
Cramer and Persoon assert this G. has an ad- 
herent ovary, it is not even of this family, but 
nearer to Phylica and Myginda. The name 
means weapons of the Stonos. 

146. Lithoplis saxaiUis Raf. Frangula do 
Cramer, Rhamnus do L. and all authors, altho' 
nearer to Ziziphus by fruit. 

147. FORGERUXIA Neck. Raf. Dioica, cal. in- 
fundib. 5fidus, petalis o, stam. 5 in sinubus, stylo 
1, stig. 3, bacca uniloc, oligosp. near to Ala- 
ternus and Afarca, yet distinct from both. Type 
jP. repens Raf. Rhamn. pumilus auct. rupestris 
Scop, probably 2 sp. blended, since some deem 
it hermaphr. or with petals, meaning something 
else. 

148. PALIUKUS ACULEATUS Jus. Lara. Raf. 
(australis G. P.) Rhamnus Paliurus L. W. auct. 
Aspidophorus Necker very distinct G. now 
adopted by all ; but the Paliurus of Tourn. and 
Ad. was Ceanothus L, 

149. ZIZIPHUS T, Ad. Lam. Dec. Vitm. c, 
blended in Girtanneria and Berchemia by 
Necker, only a subg. in Persoon, containing 
nearly all the Rhamnus Sp. with a bilocular 
drupe ; but there are yet some G. mixt with it. 

150. SAUROBROMA Raf. (Lizard food) difF. Zi- 
ziphus, Monoica, petalis exiguis squamif. drupa 
uniloc. nux crassa rugosa monosperma Type 
8. iguanense R. Rham. and Ziziphus do auct. 

151. BERCHEMIA Neck. Dec. Oenoplia Hedw. 
Pers. differs from Ziziphus by calix urceolate 



ii. 33 

not patent, drupe with 2 ovulas but only one 
perfect kernel. It is a climbing Vine instead of 
a Shrub, and two sp. appear to be blended inl?. 
volubilis of which the synonymy is much con- 
fused. 

152. Berch. undulata Raf. fol. ovatis vel lan- 
ceol. integris undul. fl. herrnaphr. subumbellatis 
Pennsyiv. to Virginia, this is the Sp. of L. W. 
Ait. and Northern States, the Rhamnus scan- 
dens Hill h, k. t. 20. 

153. JBerch. repanda Raf. fol. ovatobK repan- 
do crenatis, fl. dioicis subspicatis Carolina to 
Louisiana, the Sp. of Mich. Walter, Elliot and 
Southern States, 

151, HETHINGERIA Necki Colletia Scop, non 
Jus. diff. Ziziphus cal. 5fidus persistens, petalis 
0, stylis 2, stigm. 2 bifidis, drupa monosp. 
Type doubtful, very near to Saurcbroma by 
fruit, and also to Condalia of Cavanilles, which 
differs by disk and single style. 

155. AMPELOPLIS Raf. (armed vine) cal. 5fid. 
corolla nfida, stam, 5opp. stylo 1, stig. 3, bacca 
osperrna. Sarmentosa spinosa, fol. alt. fl. 
glomcratis spicatis inierruptis not even of 
Rhamnides family if corolla realy monopetalous 
as stated by L. rather akin to Myrsine and next 
Genus, habit quite peculiar, Ampetoplis cki- 
nvnsis Raf. Rharnnus theizans L. auct Ra- 
mis sarment. divaric. striatis, fol. ovat. serru- 
latis China, affording an inferior Tea. 

156. VERLANOIA Neck. cal. caliculatus, cam- 
pan, 5part. corolla camp, patens 5part, stam. 10, 
alternis steriiis, stylo filif. stig, 2-3, Drupa mix 
2-3loc, 2-3sp. spinosa fol. fascic. fi, confer tis 
axil. United Rhamnus and Eleodendron,quite 
distinct from both : two types lately blended as 

5 



34 SYLTA TELLUR. 

Eleodendron argan by nearly all botanists, 
both seen and distinguished by myself, besides 
a third from India, 

157. Verlangia sicula Raf. Rhamnus do and 
5phylus L. auct frutex ramis ferrugineis, fol. 
fascic. petiol. cuneatis integris, fl. confertis ses- 
silib Sicily and Lybia, small shrub, fruits small 
worthless. 

158. Verlangia argan Raf, Arborea ramis 
leviusc. fol.solit et fascic. petiol. lanceol, obtusis 
integris coriaceis, fl. axil, subsessilis Mts, At- 
las and Marocco, tree 20 feet high, fruits large 
oval, affording a valuable oil. This is Eleoden- 
dron argan of Retz and nearly all authors,but 
the types of Eleodendron (Schrebera Retz) 
have a different calix, and no sterile stamens. 

159. Verlangia indica Raf. Sideroxylon L, 
auct. Caromelli Rh. 5. t. 39 Frutex, fol. sub- 
fasc. subrotundis vel ellipticis, crassis mtidis vix 
crenatis Malabar, small shrub, fruits acid by 
turns green, red and black. 

Such are the Genera once blended in Rham- 
nus ! to include them all in one G. was prepos- 
terous, as no common character could be framed 
for the whole. But there are yet several sp. 
which cannot be referred with certainty to these 
reformed Genera, as the flowers and fruits were 
not described, and some even are not in Wilde- 
now nor Decandole ; they must therefore be ex- 
amined again : some may not even be of the 
same family. The Rh. carpinifolius Pallas 
has been supposed to be an Abeliceaor Planera; 
of the Rh. cuneatus Hooker neither flowers 
nor fruits were seen, and having opposite leaves 
with capitate flowers this indicates quite a dif- 
ferent Genus. I find in Vitman Rh. mystinus, 
nummularia, heterogenus of Burman, Rh. $u~ 



CENT. II. 



35 



rinamensis of Scopoli, Rh. hydriensis of Hac- 

quet, which are not even mentioned in late sy- 
nonymies, and that I cannot refer to my Genera. 

160. NIRWAMIA Raf, Nir-wam Th. dioica, fl. 
fern. ca*. globoso pateriforme integrum diapha- 
num, ovar. lib. ovatum inclusum. styl. 0, stig. 3 
among the doubtful plants of Thunberg fl. jap. 
deemed akin to Urticides, but perhaps rather to 
Rhamnides and my G. Oenoplial30,Blepetalon 
131 by the calix at least. 

161. Nirwamia pellucida Raf. frutex diffusus 
fol. alt, pet. ovat. acum. serrat, nervosis glabris 
Japan, flowers white pellncid. 

162. SCLEROCLADUS Raf. (hard br.) cal. prof. 
5fidus, cor. cal brevior, limbo 5part. squamis vel 
nect. in faucis cor. 5 trifidis, stam. 5 cor. oppos. 
drupa monosp, mix basi foraminul. 2 septo ar- 
cuato distinctis this G. was united to 3, all of 
which are akin to the Rhamnides, having simi- 
lar habit ; they belong to MYRSINIDES, a family 
merely different by monopetalous corolla, the 
nectary or scales are perhaps abortive filaments 
as in Verlangia. 

163. Sclerod. tenax Raf. Siderox. Bumelia 
do a'uct. Chrysophylum carol, Jaq. obs. 3 to 54. 
perhaps some other types among the presumed 
Bumelias that differ by cor. 5fid. nect. simple, 
drupe not pitted. Manglilla differs by cor, ro- 
tate and no scales. 

164. SPONDOGONA Raf. (ang. plumb) diff. Bu- 
melia, drupis Sgonis, nux 5gona 51oc ?.5sperma 
Type Sp. mfuftzRaf. Bumelia pentagona Sw. 
auct. fruit thus like Sideroxylon. 

165. DECATELES Raf. (10 perf.) cal- ineq. 
5partitus, lac. imbricat. concavis, cor, camp, 
5fida, lac. intus appendic. sq. nectarif. serratis, 
stam. 10 fertilis, stylo l,stig. capit. bacra 3-51oc, 



36 SYLVA TELLUR. 

3-5sp. sem. osseis. Arbor eis spinosis,fol. pet. 
alt. integris fl. fascic. pedunc. Two types 
shuffled into Sideroxylurn and Bumelia, but of 
another family the Sapotides by stamens not iso- 
petal. 

166. Becatdes latifolia Raf. Siderox. decan- 
drum L. W. P. &c fol. ellipt. planis, spinis 
axil, validis small tree,berries black, N. Amer. 
South New Jersey, discovered by Kalm, seen 
by few Botanists, by myself without flowers, for 
additions to the real G. Bumelia see my New 
Flora 515 to 548 where I described 4 new Sp. 
Bum. andulata^arachnoidea^ dcnticulata, ser- 
rulata. 

167. Decateles lycioides Raf. Sid-erox. and 
Bumelia do auct. fol. lanceol. obtusis undulatis, 
spinis axil, brevis small tree 8 to 15 feet, not 
in Canada as stated by L. from Carolina and 
Florida : the synonymy of these 2 trees is much 
blended and intermixt. 

168. XANTOLIS Raf. diff. Sideroxylum, bacca 
disperma (non drupa 5sp.) Type X. tomento- 
sa R. Sider. do Roxb. cor. t. 28. W. &,c. yellow 
berries size of cherries, thornless tree of Coro- 
m and el, 

169. ILEXIDES Raf. the G. Cordia L. 
although yet put among the BORRAGINES even 
by Kunth, is quite akin to those above and the 
MYRSINITES, differing merely by stamens al- 
ternate to corolla, while the styles and fruits are 
as in the Rhamnides, it is therefore the type 
with Hex &c of my nat. fam. Ilexides 1815, 
quite distinct from Borragines by berries or 
drupes for fruit instead of several akenas as in 
Labiates, it differs therefore from them as the 
VERBENIDES from the Labiates. The akin cap- 
sular Genera are also my N. fam. DICHONDRA- 



CENT. II. 37 

NIA 1815, both in Nat. Order POLYMIA with 
many styles or stigmas. 

170. CORDIA L. auct. only 6 sp. in Lin. 18 in 
W. Pers. 32 bam, and Rees Cycl. 26 in Kunth 
mostly new ; thus about 50 sp. are now referred 
to it at random, in as great confusion as Rham- 
nus was, united by no common character except 
style bifid, 2-stigmas, since even Varronia 
and the capsular Patagonula have been thrown 
into it ! This requires therefore a complete re- 
vision which I will partly effect, and will be 
able to form 12 good Genera out of them, some 
of which already in Necker. I will confine the 
real Cordia as follows CORDIA Raf. cal. cam- 
pan. -5dent. persistens cor. subcamp. 5fida, faux 
pilosa, stam. 5, ovar. 41oc. stylus dichot. stig. 4 
obtusis drupa 2loc. 2Sp. Arboreis incrmis, foL 
alt. petioL ft. corymb. Jiermaphr. Thus fixed 
and reduced this G. will include but few Sp.and 
protem those not well known as yet, such as 
many of Kunth ; but the types will be the 4 fol- 
lowing Sp. besides C. exaltata, serrata, denta- 
ta, levigata, micranthus &c. 

171. Cordia myxa L, auct. Vidimaram Rh. 4) 
t. 37) fol. ovatis supra glabris subtus scabris, 
subacum. integris, corymbis later, calycib. 
lOstriatis East Indies, large tree, fl. yellow, 
drupes globose acuminate, very different from 
next* Very akin to Verdana and Coilanthera 
by the calix. It must form the subg. Myxos. 
Cerdana differs by nectary. 

172. Cordia Egyptiaca Raf. ramis angul. ver- 
rucosis, foi. subrotundis vix acutis, integris su- 
pra glabris. subtus puberis, corymbis terminal, 
subpaniculatis, calycib. levis I describe this 
from an Egyptian specimen before me ; it was 
blended with the last by Lin. and all Authors, 



38 SYLVA TELLUR. 

although often intimated that the Egyptian tree 
was different. It is a small tree with small white 
warts on the branches, leaves not obliqual. 

173. Cordia officinalis Raf. C. myxa var. 
offic. Lam. &c, fol. ovatis acutis dentate repan- 
dis, subtus scabris, calycib, levis East Indies 
and Arabia flowers white. The synonymy of 
this and the two last is quite perplexing, the real 
C. myxa of L, has been deemed a riddle by 
some, but the calix is peculiar. 

174. Cordia obliqua Wild. auct. fol. subrot. 
cordatis integris obliquis levis. corymb, dichot. 
calycib. levis In Malabar nearer C, egyptiaca 
by the calix. 

175. COILANTHERA Raf. diff. Cordia, cal. tubul. 
10striatis,5-8dent. cor. infundib. plicata 5-8fida, 
stam. 5-8, filam, subul. basi villosis,antheris obi. 
concavis. Drupis acum, nux 5striata 2loc. 2sp 
Type CoiL rotundifolia Raf. Cordia do R, 
P. 1. 148 auct, fol. ovatis subrot. crenatis scabris, 
corymb, dichot. Peru. 

176. SEBESTENA Ad. Raf. diff. Cordia, cal. tu- 
bul. obi. 3fido, cor. infund. 4-6fida, faux glabra, 
lac. sepe crenul. stam. 4-6, stigma 4 recurvis, 
drupisobov.fl.paniculatis this includes many 
sp. blended in C. sebestena of authors, and dif- 
ficult to distinguish, besides the section Sebes- 
tena of Kunth, and some others, 

177. Sebestena scabra Raf. The American 
Sp. ofDillen, Catesby 2 tab. 91 fol. cordatis 
acutis integris scabris, fl. rubris Antilles, Ba- 
hama &c. 

178. Behest, repanda Raf. C. do Jaq. c fol. 
ovatis serrato repandis, fl. rubris South Amer. 

179. Sebest. indica R. fol. ovatobl. scabris, 
florib. flavis East Indies, the proper linnean 
Species. 



CENT. II. 39 

180. Sebest. senegalensis Raf. Cordia do 
Poiret, Martyn &c. In West Africa, corolla 
4fid. 

181. QUARENA R. (n. ind) diff, Cordia, corolla 
campanul. 5dent. intus glabra, stigm. acutis. 
Frutesc. spinos. fl. racemosis axil* If not a 
G. at least a peculiar group or subgenus. Types 
Q. spinescens, indica* sinensis, Raf. all Cordia 
auct. 

182. ECTEMIS Raf. (out half) diff. Cordia, 
cal. 4dent. corolla hypocrat. Sfida, stam. 8 basi 
villosis, drupis 41oc. 4sp. obovatis very distinct 
G. by double parts in corolla and fruit. 

183. Ectemis lutea Raf. Cordia do Lam. 
Rees. fol. ovatis obtusis crenatis, ft. corymbosis, 
calycib. striatis Peru, akin to 175. 

184. CAKPIPHEA Raf. (vise, fr.) diff, Cordia, 
cal. tubul. cor. infund. lac. 5 magnis obov. stam. 
inclusis in tubo subul. basi dilat. drupis globosis 
extus sulcatis intus glutinosis. Corymbis axiL 
monoids. Type Carp* dentata Raf. Cordia 
monoica Roxb. W. &/c. 

185. NOVELLA Rumf. Raf. Salimori Ad diff, 
Cordia, cal. tubul. 3-6dent. cor. infund. plicata 
6-71oba, stam. 6-7, antheris versatilis,stylo unico, 
stigm. 4-5. drup. 4-5loc. 4-5sp. fl. racemosis 
striking G. yet blended in C f sebestena by Lin- 
neus who refers Rumfius figure to it. 

186. NOVELLA NIGRA Rumf. 2, t. 75. Raf, Cor- 
dia subcordata Lam. &c fol. cordatis integris 
pubescens tree of Moluccas called Salamari, 
flowers spicate incarnate. 

187. FIRENSIA Scop. Neck. Raf. (Colococca 
sp. Br.) diff. Cordia, cal. 5-6dent. cor. infund. 
5-61oba, tubus angul. faux villosa, stam. 5-6 ex- 
ertis, antheris sagittatis, bacca uniloc. sepe mo- 
nosp. foL verticillatis, corymb* axillar* This 



40 SYLVA TELLUR. 

G. and the last deviate widely, and the habit 
of this is like the Rubiacea, Necker states the 
calix to be 5-6parted, and the corolla hypocrat, 
perhaps so in one Sp. then a subg. several types. 

188. Firensia fusca Raf. Cordia colococa L, 
auct. fol. subsess. lato ovatis, fusco pilosis, cal. 
intus toinent. fruct. albo Antilles, small tree, 
branches pilose, leaves 3-4 unequal, corolla 
6fiJ. 

189. Firensia hirsuta Raf. Cordia do W. 
&c, C. Coloc. Aubl. 1. to 86. fol. sessil. obi. pu- 
be^cens, fruct. albo obliquo acum Guyana. 

190. Firensia lutea Raf. Cordia 4phyla Aubl. 
t. 88 &c, fol, petiol. obovatis glabris, fruct. luteo 
Guyana, Shrub, calix 5dent. cor. 5lobed, fruit 
like an olive. 

191. TOQUERA Raf. diff. Cordia, cal. tubul. 
5dent. cor. hypocrat. limbo rotate 51obo, ovar. 
villoso, drupis monosp. fl. racemosis Type 
Toq,tomentosa Raf. Cordia toquera Aubl. auct, 
Is this the real Firensia of Necker ? but leaves 
alternate, habit quite unlike. 

192. COLOCOCCA Brown, Raf. diff. Cordia, ca- 
lix urceol. 51obo, cor. tubulosa tereta, limbo 
5fido reflexo, antheris 21oc. sagittatis. fl. urn- 
bellis racemosis. 

193. Colococca macrophyla Raf. Coloc, pla- 
typhylos Br. Cordia macroph. L. auct. fol, ovat. 
villosis sesquipedalis Jamaica, large .tree fruit 
red, 

194. GERASCANTHUS Raf, diff. Cordia, cal, in- 
fundib. lOstriatus, subintegro tomentoso, cor. in- 
fundib. 4-6loba, stam. 4-6 drupis turbin. fl. pan- 
icnlatis, corymbis gemellis* 

195. Gerasc. scaber Raf. Cordia gerasc. L, 
auot. fol. ovat. lanceol. scabris tree of Jamaica. 

196. BORELLIA Neck. diff. Cordia, cal. turbin. 



CENT. II. 41 

.obo, lobis subrot. acutis, cor. hypocrat. 41oba, 
lobis acutis planis, stam. 4, stylus 1, stig. 2, bacca 
globosa uniloc. 4pyrena. Quite distinctG. near 
to Varronia and Ilex. 

197. Borellia aspera Raf. Cordia tetrandra 
Aubl. auct. foi. ovatis obliquatis subtus asperis 
Guyana, large tree, flowers green, berries 
white. 

198. ACNADENA Raf. (tip gland) diff, Cordia, 
cal. tubul. ineq. 2-5fidus coriaceus, persistens 
cupularis, cor, ovata 5n*da,lac. reflexis, stam. 5 
filam. barbatis, anthens oblongis apice glandu- 
losis, stylo simplex tereto, stig. 2, drupis acum. 
Ji. racemosis panic very peculiar G. nearer 

Ehretia than Cordia. 

199. Acnad. elliptica Raf. Cordia do Sw. W. 
&c fol. obi. subcoriaceis, racemis diffusis An- 
tilles. 

200. Varronia which has been wrongly merged 
in Cordia by Kunth, differs from my Cordia by 
corolla tubular crenate plicate, j#. spicate^ see 
115 fl. tellur. my Catonia fl. tel. 116, is akin to 
Firensia and Toquera. All these G, as well as 
Ehrelia,) Verdana and akin, belong to rny Nat. 
tribe of ILEXIDES; I had once made a family of 
JEgiphila (and akin VERBENIDES) with equal 
corolla and stamens, which must also be united 
thereto, forming a subfamily ^EGIPHILIDES 
having single styles and berries instead of 
drupes. See my revision of Ilex and Prinos. 
But Patagonula is of another tribe. 



6 



42 YLYA TELLUR, 



CENTURIA III. 

201. PAXISTIMA Raf. 1817. diff. Myginda, cah 
4fidus, petalis 4, stam. 4 epidiscus pet. alt. dis- 
cus cal. ovarisque apice coalescens, ov. lib. sed 
ad disco concrete, stylus 1, stig. capit. crasso, 
bilob. caps. 21oc. 4s\>.fol. oppos* ped. axil 
very singular G. united to Ilex and Myginda, 
although quite unlike, nearer to Evonymus and 
Polycardia, same family of Celastrides different 
from Rhamnides by alternate stamens. My- 
ginda differs by 4 styles and a monosperm 
drupe, Rhacoma wrongly united thereto is 
nearer, but a real Ilexides by corolla 4parted, 
The singular connection of the calix and ovary 
at top by the disk, is an anomaly found in some 
Melastomes and perhaps in Lithoplis 145* I 
cannot well ascertain the fact in my dry speci- 
mens; but suspect these 2 G. may indicate a 
small natural group, to be called SYNODISCOIDS. 

202. Paxistima myrsinites Raf. 1817, Ilex 
do Pursh, Myginda myrtifolia, Hook. fl. t. 41, 
fol. opp. ellipt. serratis, ped. axil. 3floris Ori- 
gon, habit of Evonymus. 

203. BOURRERIA Br. Jaq. Ad. Kunth, &c, 
diff. Ehretia, cor. hypocrat tubo elong. limbo 
piano, lac. dilatatis vel obcord, drtipis 4gonis, 
isulcat. nucibus 2 utrinque 2sp. fl. corymbosis. 
To this belong, B* baccata (E. hour. L.) 
and B. exsuca Jaq. perhaps some others, more 
like some Cordias than Ehretias. 

204. TRAXILUM Raf. diff. Ehretia, cal. 5part. 
stylus dichot. stig. 4, fl. corymb, spicalis.lt 
is stated that thisG. has the stigmas of the Cor- 
dias, the flowers of Tournefortia, fruit of JS/i- 
retia^ and a peculiar calix. 

205. Traxilnm asperum Raf, Ehr. do W 



ENT. III. 43 

Roxb. cor. 55 &c, fol. ovatis scaberimis, fl, sc- 
cundis Coromandel. 

206. PILOISIA Raf, (head hairy) Dasicephala 
sp. Kurith. diff. Varronia, cal. inflat. cor, infund. 
lac. emarg, stig. 4 obtusis, fl. capitaiis Kunth 
has united to Cordia the capitate Varronias 
forming this G. but they probably contain also 
several blended G. the Varr. humilis is stated 
to have a single nut 21ocular in the drupe. The 
types of my G. are Pil. globosa* curassamca, 
&,c. The real type of Varronia should seem 
to be V. alba, with fl. cymose, limb of corolla 
campanulate, nut striate &c, with akin cymose 
species. 

207. TOPIARIS Raf. diff. Varronia, cor. hypocr. 
tubo longo, limbo piano lato lobato, fl. racemo- 
sis. Thus corolla as in Bourreria, but habit 
peculiar, put in 2 Genera by authors. 

208. Topiaris geniculata Raf. Var. do Pers. 
mirabiloides Sw. W. Jaq. Vitm. &c Tournefor- 
tia serrata L. Lam. &c fol. ovatis rugosis ser- 
ratis, fl. racem. secundis, ped. genie Hayti. 

209. SUBKISIA Com. Raf, diff. Ehretia, ' cor. 
campanul. (non tubul) fl. panicul. internodalis 
corolla and habit different, G. proposed by 
Commerson long ago, why not adopted? 

210. Subrisia petiolaris Raf. Ehr. do Larn. 
Ehr. internodis Lher. Wild. Vitm. Pers.^ Ra- 
mis retictil. rimosis, fol. ovat. integris glabris, 
petiolis scabris. panic, laxis extraxillaris Mau- 
ritius, flowers white fragrant. 

211. DESMOPHYLA Raf. diff. Ehretia, stylis 2, 
stig. 2 capitatis,./W. fasciculatis TyP e J ^- 
aliena Raf, Ehr. fasciculata Kunth, his E. to- 
mentosa and ternif. appear true Ehretias,altho' 
the leaves are. opposite and corymbs axillary, 
having one style &c. 



44 SYLVA TELLUil. 

21*2, AQUIFOLIUM T. Ad. Ilex L. auct. name 
posterior, and of an Oak. The Ilex of the Au- 
thors hardly differs from Prinos, the numbers 
of parts and stigmas not being uniform, but re- 
quiring the formation of many G. to be accurate. 
The rotate and deeply lobed corolla distinguish 
this group of G. from the group of Cordias. I 
propose now to revise it, and thus fix the true 
AQUIFOLIUM Raf. cal. rotato 4-5dent. cor. rota- 
ta 4-5partita, stam. 4-5 epicorolis alt. stig. 4-5 
Hessilib. obtusis, drupis baccatis 4-5sp. nucib. 
Isp. Arboresc. fol. alt. sepe perennans spino- 
sisque,fl. axil, poly g. This. wi\\ include pro- 
tern as in Rhamnus the sp. that are riot well 
known ; but all must be verified : meantime the 
types will be Aq*crocea,japonica? and other 
Japanese sp. if with 4 stigmas, with the various 
sp. blended in Ilex aquifolium of Authors, 
which are 5 at least, all seen alive. 

213. Aquifolium undulatnm Raf. fol. ovatis 
undulatis, margine sinuatis spinosis, supra niti- 
dis, fl. glomeratis, fr. rubris Mts. of Europe, 
the most common sp. becoming a tree and less 
spinose in old age. 

214. Aquif. fer ox Miller, Raf. fol. ovatis su- 
bundul. supra margineque echinatis, fl. fascic. 
fr. flavis distinct species remarkable by the very 
prickly leaves. 

215. Aquif. heteroplnjlum Raf. fol. ellipt. vix 
undul. integris acuminatis, nonnulis subspinosis, 
basi acutis Europe. 

216. Aquif. planifolhirn Raf. fol. ovatis sub- 
rotundis planis subdentato spinosis in Spain, 
very near /. opaca Ait. see 234. 

217. Aquif. lanceolatnm Raf. fol, lanceol. 
subdent. recurvis, vix spinosis, fl. subumbel. fr. 
albescens Germany &c. All these were deem- 



CENT. III. 45 

ed var. by botanists, but sp. by Gardeners; 
they are real specific deviations. 

The flowers of the Asiatic sp. not being des- 
cribed, it is not yet possible to ascertain if they 
belong to this Genus or the next or to Agcria. 

218. ILEX Raf. Cassine L. auct. et Ilex sp. 
Maurocenia Miller, diff. Aquifolium, stig. 3, 
drupis 3!oc. 3sp. 3umbilicatis, ff. hermaphr. 
sepe Sandris. The main distinction is in the 
ternary numbers of pistil and fruit ; but proba- 
bly this includes several subg. that may be G. 
when well described, Cassine of L. (a bad 
name out of Cassia} is deemed 5 petaious, but 
Jussieu states otherwise, my 5 subg. are 

219. CASSINE R. 5andris, fr. globosis, fol. 
oppos. jl. panic, vel corymb. axiL such are 
my Ilex (Cassine) capensis, barbara, oleifolia. 

220. COLPUNIA R. 4andris, fruct . . . Evony- 
mus and Cassine colpun of Authors is the type, 
a doubtful plant. 

221. MAUROCENIA Miller, 5andris, fruct. 3go- 
nis, fol. opp. alt. ft.fasc.ax. Type Ilex (m.) 
fr. angularis, concava, lemgata &c Cassine of 

Authors, 

222. OSTEORAX Raf. 5andris, drupis non bac- 
catis duris osseis, fol. alt. ped. dichot. Type. 

223. Ilex (Osteorax) xylocarpa Raf. Cassine 
do Vent. Pers &c fol. petiol. ovatis^ Antilles, 
American like the next all the others are 
African. 

224. EMETILA R. 5andris, stig. 3 reflexis, fol. 
alt. fi. fasc. deemed 5petalous by Robin. 

225. Ilex (Emetild) ramulosa Raf. Cassine 
do Raf. fl. lud. 363 fol. lanceol. lucidis sem- 
perv. crassis subserratis Florida, Louisiana. 
Shrub thickly branching 12 feet high, berries 
round? with 3 umbilics. One of the Shrubs 



46 SYLVA TELLUR. 

used as emetic by the-Indians; it cannot be the 
Cassine peragua L. described with oppo- 
site elliptic obtuse leaves, and as yet a doubtful 
plant, although now referred to Hex cassena^ 
my Ageria 235. 

220. AGERIA Raf. (this name was used by 
Adanson for the G. Prinos and My r sine unit- 
ed, but I now apply it to a G. medial between 
Ilex and Prinos of authors) Macoucoua Aubl. 
Ilex sp. auct diff. Aquifolium, cal. 4 fid persis- 
tens, cor. 41oba, stam. 4, stigma unicum sessile 
simplex, fl. sepe dioicis. It will include nearly 
all the American sp. of Authors, which have a 
single stigrna ; but it varies in shape, and may 
serve to form subg. 

227. Subg. MACUCUA, stig. glob, obtusum. fl. 
41obis sepe dioicis. 

228. Subg. DAHUNIA R. stig. bilobo. fl. dioicis, 
4partitis. 

229. Subg. PALTORIA R. P. stig. magno 4gono 
integro. fl, herm. 

It is not always easy to discriminate between 
the 2 first, as the sp. are referred to Ilex at ran- 
dom, without attending to the flowers. We 
have no good monograph of ?he North Ameri- 
can sp. whose synonymy is quite perplexing : I 
shall however give some types. 

230. Ageria (mac) acumhmta Raf. Ilex do 
W. macucua Pers &c, mac. guianensis AuM. 
Lam. Arborea fol. ovatis integris, apex acum. 
emarg. pedunc. cymosis fl. herm. Guyana, 
large tree, white fl. as in all akin. 

231. Ageria (mac) retus'a Raf. frutescens, 
ramis cinereis, fol. petiol. obovat. crenatis obtu- 
sis retusis, fl. dioicis, fasc. petiolis eq. West 
Kentucky, in swamps, shrub 3 to 5 feet high, 



CENT. III. 47 

leaves sometimes subfasciculate, discovered 
1818, long deemed a doubtful Ilex. 

232. Ageria (mac) uniftora Raf. frut. ramu- 
lis cinereis uniH. fol, ovatis oblongisve utririque 
acutis petiol. remote serrulatis, subtus et petio- 
lis pubesc. fl. dioicis, cal. ciliolatis Shrub of 
Alabama, branchlets terete with 1 to 3 leaves 
and a terminal flower, berries pisiform, stig. glo- 
bose depressed, calix almost square. 

233. Ageria (mac) mucronata Raf. frutesc. 
ramis albo punctatis, fol, subfascic. obi, vel el- 
lipt. subobliquis integris, basi acutis, apice mu- 
cronatis, tenuis glabris, pedunc. axil. 3-7fl. sub 
verticillatis^ pet. longior fl. dioicis Apalachian 
Mts* shrub 4 feet. 

234. Ageria (mac ?) opaca Raf. Ilex do Ait. 
auct. This sp. and laxiflora, with the habit of 
AquifoUuin, have the stigma simple, and 4 ste- 
rile filaments in the female flowers; wherefore 
perhaps a peculiar subg. NOTHOLEX Raf. 
Robin was mistaken to state the stamens op- 
posed to corolla, else it would be removed from 
the family. Corolla 4parted as in Dahunia, ca- 
lix not persistent as in Ageria, thus a peculiar 
G. perhaps, 

235. Ageria (Dah) cassena R. Ilex do and 
Vomitoria auct. This ought to be the type of 
Dakunia, along with the akin sp. to which El- 
liot asejibes 2 stigmas, realy one bilobe or bifid, 
and often only 2 seeds. But /. prinoides, li- 
gustrina, angiistif. myrtifolia <fyc, are so blen- 
ded and confused, each author appearing to 
mean a different kind, that I must leave their 
settlement for a peculiar Monograph. 

230. Ageria (Dah) palustris Raf. Ilex dahun 
Walt, MX. P. E. . 11. cassine L fol. obi. lanceoL 
coriaceis lucidis semperv. acutis integris, juniorib 



48 SYLVA TELLUR. 

spinoso serratis, pedunc. axil. 6-10fl. Swamps 
of Carolina, such is at least the sp. of Elliot ; 
but besides this I have 2 others under the name 
of/, dahun, therefore 3 sp. are blended, that of 
MX. had pubescent branches arid calix. 

237. Ageria (Dah) obovata Raf. (I. dahun 
Baldw.) Ramulis clabris angulatis, fol. petiol. 
obovatis brevi acum. integris lucidis, fl. sparsis, 
ped. l-5floris Florida, leaves thinner although 
evergreen, my specimen is male, stamens erect. 

238. Ageria (Dah) keterophyla Raf. Ramulis 
subteretis glabris, fol. petiol. coriaceis cuneatis 
vel obi. integris vel apice subserrul. apice acutis 
obt. retusis, pedunc. sparsis bifloris Florida &/ 
Alabama, leaves very unequal in size and shape, 
some few obovate retuse almost obcordate, pe- 
duncles as in last extraxilary scattered. 

239. Ageria (Dah) geminata Raf. Ramulis 
angulatis glabris, fol. subsess. obi. vel. lanceol. 
utrinq. acutis serrulato-crenatis, deciduis, pe- 
dunc. unifl. geminatis sparsis Apalachian Mts. 
leaves thin unequal, fl. small on short peduncles, 
probably one of the sp. blended in Ag. cassena 
that has oval obtuse leaves and fl. fasciculate. 
My specimen is male. In this as in all the Da- 
huns and Notholex, the corolla is 4parted deep- 
er than in Macucua. 

240. Ageria (Paltoria) ovalis R. Paltoria do 
R. P. Ilex Paltoria Pers, &c fol. ovalib. cre- 
natis, ped, sub3floris Peru on Mts. 

241. SYNSTIMA Raf. diff. Aquifolium, stigma 
unicum sessile capitatum 4 sulcat. lobaturn, 
instar 4-5stig. coalitis, fol. deciduis fl, dioicis 
thus as near to it than to Prinos, to which 
united, the types are the various sp. blended in 
Prinos ambiguus; all with flowers 4-5androus 
on the same shrubs or even branches. Hardly 



CENT. HI. 

a subg. of.Ageria, as the stigma appears formed 
of several coalcscent, each answering to a seed. 
342. Synstima acumlnata Raf. Ramis anguL 
fol. ellipt. vel lanceol. acumin. basi acutis, mu~ 
cronato serratis, subtus nervis pubesc. pedunc, 
multifl. petiolis brevioribus Apalachian and 
Wasioto Mts. disc. 1823. 

243. -Synstima rotundifolia Raf. Ramis tere- 
tis, fol. subfascic. oboV. subrot. utrinq, acutiusCr 
apice serrul. petiolis et subtus pubesc. pedunc. 
fascic. pet, longior Florida, this has the calix 
and corolla 4lobed as in Ageria, Macucua, and 
perhaps it is of that group, although some fl. are 
5androus, stigma not well seen. 

244. Synstima caroliniana 11. Cassine do 
Walt. Prinos am big. MX. E, Ramis teretis vir- 
gatis, fol. subsess. ovali-lanceol, acum. subcrena- 
tis, subtus pubesc. fl. masc. fascic, fern, solit 
Carolina, a small shrub like the others, stigma 
well described by Elliot 

245. ARINEMIA Raf. (male half) cliff, Prinos, fl. 
masc. 3fidis, 3andris, femineis Gfidis, stigma 31o- 
bum, fruct. 3sperm very peculiar by half num- 
bers in male flowers. Monotype. 

246. Arinemia lanceolata Raf. Prinos do 
Pursh, auct fol. lanceol. serrul. glabris, fl, 
masc. fascic. fern, gerninatis Carolina. 

247. PRINOS Raf. dioica vel monoica, cal. ro- 
tato 5-6fid. cor. rot. 5-6fida, stam. 5-G, stigma 
unicum sess. globoso vix lobato, bacca uniloc. 
Csperma. foL deciduis. The type of this G. 
as now restricted is Pr. vcrticillatus, and other 
akin sp. commonly hexandrous. The other sp. 
will belong to the G. Synstima, Arinemia and 
Ennepta. From \geria it chiefly differs by 
fruit uniloc. rather a berry than a baccate drupe> 
with more than 4 stamens and seeds: the berry 

7 



50 8YLVA TELLITR. 

also is different from Aquifolium and Sgnsti- 
ma. Types. 

248. Prinos reticuldtus Raf. Ramis suban- 
gul. purpureis albo punctatis, fol. glabris ellipt. 
acum. basi acutis, argute serrulatis, subtus re- 
ticul. pallidis, axil. 2-3fl. pet. brevior Shrub of 
Alabama, leaves 2 or 3 inches long, fl. white 
small, calix stellate 5-6fid, corolla with 5 or 6 
lobes oval obtuse. 

249. Prinos rugosus Raf. ramis subanguL 
fol. lato ellipt. utrinque acutis serrulatis, supra 
rugosis, subtus reticul.nervispubesc. axilis l-3fL 
pe:. brevior baccis globosis in Kentucky, very 
near the last perhaps a var. or the female, 3 to 
5 feet high, berries globular subsessile. 

250. Prinos piinctatus Raf. ramis rugosis 
albo punctatis, fol. obovatis acum. ineq. serrati* 
subtus pubescens, axilis l-3fl. pet* brevior, bac- 
cis ovatis Mts. Alieghany, large leaves, berries 
globose ovate, stigma capitate, entire, female 
calix 6-7dentate often pubescent. Var.angustif. 
fol. cuneatis obi. nervis lutescens,cal. pubescens* 

251. Prinos vcrrucosus Raf. ramis angul. 
verrucosis, fol. obi. utrinque acutis, mucronato 
serratis, subtus retic. nervis pubesc. axilis unifl. 
petiolo eq. baccis ovalib. Mts. Alieghany, 3 to 
4 feet high, calix colorate, berries red as in all 
but ovate, warts commonly white on fuscate 
branches. 

252. Prinos parmfolius Raf. ramis levis sub- 
angul. fol. parvis ovatis obovatisque utrinque 
acutis, apice serratis, subtus glabris, axilis unifl. 
pet. brevior, calicib. obtusis Apalachian Mts. 
small shrub bipedal, branches whitish, young 
shoots yellowish, leaves hardly uncial, calix not 
acute as in the others. 

233. Prints lonjipc^ Raf, ramis angul. sub* 



CENT. 111. 51 

verruc. fol. obi. acutis, apice remote serratis, 
subtus glabris, axilis unifl. elongatis pet. longior 
Virginia &c, akin to the Pr. integrifolius of 
Elliot but with flowers polygamous 6androus. 
All the above may have been overlooked or 
blended with Ilex prinoides, and Prinos am- 
biguus of Authors. 

254. Prinos verticillatus L, differs from all 
these by flowers umbellate agregate almost ver- 
ticillate, and is a larger Shrub. Pr, integrifo- 
lia by entire mucronate leaves, long pedicels, 
flowers 6-7androus &c, 

225. NEMOPANTHES Raf. 1817. Dec. Hook.&c. 
This G. of mine one of the few now generaly 
adopted was based on the Ilex canadensis of 
MX. but I think it includes 2 sp, the essential 
character of the G. is in the calix of male fl. 
very minute entire, corolla 3-5parted not rotate, 
stamens 3-5, stig. 3-51obed sessile, but the qua- 
ternary number chiefly prevails. 

256. Nemop. canadensis Raf. Ilex do MX. t. 
49 auct, fol, obi. lanceol. utrinque acutis subin- 
tegris, fl. masc. gerninatis, fruct. sub4gono 
Canada, Hudson bay, and boreal regions. 

257. Nemop. fascicidaris Raf. fol, subfasc. 
ovalis ellipt. ovatisque integris acutis, vel ohtu- 
sis, fl. masc. fasciculatis, fruct. subgloboso. Mts. 
and hills of. New England and New York : this 
was my original sp. of the Catskill Mts. perhaps 
only a variable deviation ; seot me also from the 
plains of Ohio and near Lake Erie. 

258. BRAXYLIS Raf. diff. Aquifolium, Indis fl, 
stam. 4, stylo brevis, stigma unicuni obtus. dni- 
pa uniloc. l-2sperma Here begins to appear a 
short style as in next, lacking in all others. 

259. Brajrylis obcordata Raf. Ilex do S\v. 



52 8YLVA TELLUK. 

auct. fol. sparsis obcord. coriaceis avenis, ped. 
brvi>; 3fl. -j\Its. of Jamaica. 

250. ENNEPTA Raf. (9-7) <!iff. Prinos, cal. 7-9 
fid, corolla 7-Opart. stain. 7-9, fl. fern. stam. ste- 
rilis jcastratis, stylo brevis crasso, stigma unicum 
3-41obo, bacca 6-8 sperma, joL percnnis &LC 
This appears to include all the evergreen sp. of 
Prinos, the style is conspicuous. It has 3 types 
1. En.ne.pta inyricoidvs Raf. Pr. glaber, all are 
glabrous in this G. 2 E. coriacca, 3 JE< atoma- 
via, these 2 last deemed vai, by many. 

201. LYCII M L. 4-c. Tliis G. although very 
akin to Ehretia, Cordia &c, has been put into 
the SOLAMOES tribe! the main distinction was 
the single stigma and more seeds in the berry, 
and yet sp. with berries 1 or 2 loc. or a capsule ! 
calix 3 to 10 dentate, cor. 4-10fid, and 4 or 5 
stamens are united. The 5 nameless sections 
of Kuntb must certainly be as many Genera, 
and there are more blended. The real Lycium 
Raf. has cal. urceol. ineq. 5fidus, cor. tubtilosa 
limbo 5part, rotato patens, stam. 5 exertis vil- 
losis stylo erecto, stigma bilob. bacca 21oc 
polysp. spinosis, foL sepc, fascic. fl. sepe ge- 
min. extraxil This will include L. europeum, 
barbntum, c/iinense, salsum, floribundum, 
gitayaqnilf'Hse, ruthenicum, caspicum, lanceo* 
latum and others akin thereto. It answers 
nearly to the first section of Kunth ; but he 
v/rongly blends thereto some sp. of Cestrum 8$, 
Atropa. The 2 next sp. have been omitted by 
nearly all Anthors. 

262. Lyciam slcnlum Ducria, Vitm. fol. obov. 
subpetioi. iategri?, fruct. tri^ono Sicily, seen 
alive. 

263. L//e/wm indicum Retz. Vitm. Inerme, 
fol, oppoa, petiol. ovatis utrinque acutis nervosis 



CENT. III. 53 

India, erect shrub, stipules spiniform-soft, ft. 
dull purple. Neither of these is in Persoon&c. 

264. PUKANTIJUS Raf. (n. gr.) dift*. Lycium, 
cal. reguiaris sinuato 5dent. filuni. basi barbatis, 
//. corymbosis &LC. 

265. Pukantlms odoratas Raf. Lye. boer- 
havif. L. heterophyl. L. Mur. Ehretia ! halimi- 
folia Lher. Spinose peruvian shrub put in 2 
Genera ! and made 2 sp. of Lycium byLinneus? 

266. OPLUKION Raf. (armed Lye.) diff. Lye. 
cal. camp. . K dent. eq. cor. irifund. limbo erecto 
genit. inrAusafoLfascicnl. &c. Types 2 Afri- 
can spinose shrubs my OpL afrum and horri- 
dum, called Lycium by Authors. 

267. VALTETA Raf. (bot.) diff. Lye. cal. urceol. 
irieq. 5fidus, cor. tubolosa limbo erecto plicato 
odentato, genit. exertis, foL spar sis, Jl. fascia. 
Types 2 American sp. V. fuchioides and gts- 
neroidcs Raf. blended with Lycium by Kunth. 

268. DIPLUKION Raf. diff. Lye. cor. lOdentata 
stam. inclusis The doubled corolla is ver-y es- 
sential, 3 American types of Kunth my DipL 
loxense, cornifoL umbrosum. Raf. 

269. ASCLEIA Raf. (shut box) Johnsonia 
Necker 1790 non alis, an anterior ? diff. Lyci- 
um, cal. persist. 5dent. eq. corolla rotata 5fida, 
faux barbata, stam. 5, fruct. caps (Lin.) Akena 
(Neck) clausa ovata 21oc. Here the fruit is 
not even a berry, therefore hardly a Solanides, 
akin to Sessea with bivalve capsule. 

270. Asclria mexicana Raf. Lye. capsulare L. 
auct. Ramis teretis spinosis, fol. lanceol. gla- 
bris tenuis, ped. ax. unifl. pubescens Mexican 
Shrub, not in Kunth. 

271. TEREMIS R. (half cut) diff. 'Lycium, cal. 
2-3fidus ineq. lac. bidentatis, stam. 5, h'lam. de- 



51 8YLVA TELLUK. 

flexis supra basin villosa, baccis ellipticis tt*r- 
binatis. 

272. Teremis elliptica R. Lye. barbarum L. 
auct. ramis angul. procumb. vix spinosis, fol. 
petiol. ellipt. baccis eliipt North Africa. 

273. Teremis turbinata R. Lye. do. Duh. 
Pers, balimif. Mill, ramis teretib. decumbens 
spinosis, fol. sess. lane, acum, baccis turbinatis 
China. 

274. HUANUCA Raf. (n. per.) diff. Lye. cal. 
truncato integro. Type H. spathulatum R. 
Lye. do R. P. Pers. fol. obov. spath. fl. axil, fas- 
cic. Peruvian Shrub, not spiriose. 

275. TKOZEIJA Raf. (bot.) diff. Lye. cal. 5go- 
nus, stain, glabra, bacca uniloc. fl. umbeUails 
Genus totally unlike. If Trozel has already 
had a Genns, I substitute Cantalca. 

276. Trozdia umbellata R. Lye. do. R P. 
t* 162 &c. fol. obi. lanceol. ped. rameis Peru, 
not spinose, orange berries. 

277. PEDERLEA Raf. 1815, diff. Lycium, cal. 
camp. cor. urceol. lac. revolutis, starn, glabris, 

fol. alt. fl. axil 3 Types, but perhaps form- 
ing each a subgenus. Pederle was the author 
of the Forrester manual, if already commemo- 
rated I substitute Triliena R. 

278. Pederlea agrcgata R. Lye. do R. P. 
Pers fol. obi. acutis undul. subt. toment. fl. fas- 
cic Peru, shrub. 

279. Vederlea arborescens R. Atropa do L. 
auct. fol. obi. lane, planis glabris fl. fascic 
tree of S. America. In this the corolla is re- 
volute, Kunth makes it a Lyciurn with the next. 

280. Pederlfia cestroides R, Cestrum campa- 
nul. Lam. Thus these sp. were thrown in 3 
Genera and yet belong to neither ! 

281. OPSACO R. (n. lat.) diff. Atropa, cal. Spar 



CENT. III. 55 

tit us toment. cor. toment. camp. lac. revolutis. 
Fruticosis The G. Atropa or Belladona was 
another medley, Mandragora and Nicandra 
have been excluded, the Peruvian sp, will afford 
many G. of herbaceous plants. 

282. Opsago cordata Raf. Atropa frutescens 
L. auct. cortex rimosa, fol.ovat. cordatis obtusis 

ped. confertis Spain and Sicily, seen alive, 

very different from next although both united by 
Persoon &c. 

283. Opsago suberosa R. Physalis do Cav. t. 
102. Vitm. cortice suberosa, fol, orbicut. ciliatis 
nitidis, ped. solit Spain. 

The herbaceous Atropas of S. America will 
be shortly mentioned here for contrast, the real 
Atropa has cor. campanul. and bilocular berries. 
See till 288. 

284. DISKION R. (n. gr.) Saracha R. P. Pers. 
non Lin. auct. cor. subrotata, bacca uniloc. 
many sp. near Trozelia, 

285. PLICULA R. (n. lat.) cor, plicata, filam. 
basi barbatis ut in Lycium Type PZ. umbella- 
ta R. the sp. of Roth not of Ruiz, Persoon has 
2 sp, under that name, and 2 as A. biflora ! A. 
procumbens with plicate corolla but smooth sta- 
mens is a Dirkion by berry, but Roth calls it 
21ocular. 

288. KUKOLIS R. (n. ant) cor, tubulosa Type 
K. bicolor R. 

287, KOKABUS R. (n. antic) cor. urceol. melli- 
fera, stigma capit. Type K. umbellatus R. the 
sp. of Ruiz Pavon. 

288. ULTTCONA R. (n. lat.) cor. urceol. infun- 
dib. lOfida, lac. 5alt. minorib. stig. 21obum & 
types U. biflora, aspera, viridiflora, all perin 
vian Atropas of Authors even Kunth, although 
so widely different by corolla. Ulticona like 



56 SYLVA TELLUR. 

Opsago were old latin names of the Atropa bel- 
ladona. Akin to Diplukion 268. 
281). EVOISTA R. cliff. Lycium, cal. eq.-4fid, 
<ior. 4fid, stain. 4; In this numbers are equal- 
ized to cells, as the name implies, which is very 
essential, 2 types, both shrubs. 

290. Ecoista spinosa R. Lye. 4andrum L. 
&,c. fol. ovatis obtusis SL Africa. 

291. Evoista caroliniana Raf. Lye. do MX. 
&c, Salsum Bartr. Inermis, fol. obi. spathul. 
perennans Florida &c, on Sea Shores, fl. blue, 
berries scarlet. I doubt if these two shrubs are 



even congeneric. 



292. CESTRUM L. This must include all the 
Sp. with stamens simple, stigma bifid and berry 
unilocular, such as C. vespertinum, diurnum 
&c with akin, the corolla is as in Lycium, and 
the sp. with bilocular berries must probably be 
united thereto. 

293. WADEA R. (hot) diff. Cestrum, stigma 
capitat. integer &c probably a subgenus, type 
W. or C. latifolia, 

294. PARQUIS Ad. R. diff. stam. dentata ad fi- 
lam (non edentula) all the sp. of Cestrum with 
toothed filaments. 

295. LOMERIA R. (border wooly) diff. Cestruin 
cor. tubo longissimo curvo, limbo margine lana- 
to Type Lom.purpurea Raf. Cestr. iongiflo- 
rum Ruiz, Pers &c, 

296. PHYSALIS L. Alkekengi Ad. also an ar- 
tificial G. the real sp. must have calix inflate 
Sgone 5dentate, corolla rotate &c. But most 
of the shrubby kinds belong to next, 

297. ALICABON R. (n. gr.) diff. cal. non angu- 
lato sepe venosus inflato, cor. campanul. ut A- 
tropa. Types A. somnifer* aud other frutes- 



CENT. III. 57 

cent Physalis with such calix and corolla, also 
A. barbadense &c. 

298. EPLATEIA Raf. cliff, calix piano rotato, 
cor. rotata rcvoluta, typo EpL arborcscens and 
other akin Physalis. 

299. EXODECONUS Raf. diff. cal. tubul. ventri- 
cos. lOangul. 5iid^ pellucidus Typo Ex. pros- 
tratus R. the Ph. do Lher, &c, it is an annual, 
do any shrubby sp. belong to it ? 

300. DEPREA Raf. (hot) diff. cal. urceol. Sfidus, 
cor. infundib. vel. subcampanuL Types D. xa- 
lape.nsis and Orinocensis Raf. Physalis do 
Kunth, corolla very peculiar as in some Iporne- 
as. If Depre had a G. let Orinocoa be sub- 
stituted. 



CENTURIA IV. 

301. Ficus L. altho' apparently a natural group 
of trees and shrubs, it includes many Genera or 
Subg. see till 317. Linneus had only 17 sp: and 
now there are 98 in Wild, and Pers. 105 in 
Smith monograph. Many are little known as 
yet, and the inside parts difficult to verify have 
been observed in but few : it is merely surmised 
they are similar to Ficus carica, which was 
odly put in Trioecia ! No one having thought to 
revise the Genus, I will do it as to Genera, by 
habit and outer visible parts, chiefly the outer 
calicule and ombilic of the perianthe and fruit, 
called by others receptacle. 

302. Subg. SucoMoiios periantho turb. vel 
obov. calicul. minimus sepe tripart. persistens, 
ombil, squamoso. fol. alternis. This includes 
Ficus carica,sycomorus and many other doubt- 
ful sp. 

303. Subg. SPHEROSUKE Raf. diff. Periantho 
globoso many sp. F. americana, tinctoria, 

9 



6& YLVA TELLUR. 

salicifolia, religiosa> infectbria, granatum $c* 
Sections may be formed by fruit smooth or 
rough or villose or tuberculate. Leiosuke, 
TrcixisuJcc, SuJcoisia and Tulosuke. 

304. Subg. KENKRAMIS R. (n. gr.) diff. cali- 
culo diphyllo, lac. reflexis types F. palmata, 
pertusa, prinoides, umbellata tyc. 

305. Subg. COTTANA R. (n. lat.) diff. caliculo 
4fido. Type F. lutea &c. 

306. Subg. TEREGA R. (n. ind.) diff. ombil. 
aperto, squamis pluribus imbricatis Type F, 
ampelas &,c. 

307. Subg. SUKEON R. diff. Per. ovato vel 
ellipt. Types F. glomerata* citrifoita, &c. 

308. GONOSUKE R, (ang. fig) diff. periantho 
angulato villoso vel. hirto, calic. nullus, ombil. 
multisquamato, FoL oppositis. The habit in- 
dicates a Gr. as in next, probably 3 or 4 types 
with opposite leaves, Gon* scabra, liispida, de- 
monum &c, Ficus do of authors, blended by 
Smith in F. oppositifolia of Roxburg. 

309. VARINGA Rumf. Raf, diff. Sukambros ? 
per. pyrif. durum, extus scrobiculat. iritus fun- 
gosum, calic. Sphylus. Scandens, ramis arti- 
cid. foL alt. Type V. rcpens or F. pumilus 
L. and probably all the scandent kinds, 

310. NECALISTIS Raf. diff. 30*1, caliculus nul- 
lus, fruct. nudo Types Nee. turbinata, aspera 
&c, and probably many other sp. of Ficus. 

311. OLUNTOS Raf. (n. lat,) diff. 302 per. glo- 
bosis, caliculus inequalis multifidus obliq, ombi- 
licus non squamoso trigono marginato vel trilo- 
bo Type O. trigono Raf. and probably O. le- 
nigata with trilobe orifice, but calicule less un- 
equal. 

312. FERULA Raf. (n, ind.) diff. 302, caliculus 
polyphylus magnus ad periantho sepe equalis. 



tfcNT. IY. 



ft* 



Types P. benghalensis, rubiginosa, retusa &c, 
perianthe of '2 forms, whence 2 subg. 

313. REPHESIS R. (covering) diff. periantho 
duplex, extus caliculans carnosus, deinde calyp- 
trans vel. dehiscens certainly a very distinct 
and singular G. with 2 types R. ovata, and ca- 
lyptrata* 

314. TREMOTIS Raf, (hole ear) diff. 302, per 
turbinato ad apicem umbilicis 5, lateralis 4 per- 
tusis apendice cartilagineo munitis very curi- 
ous G probably with many other characters, be- 
sides the 4 holes and ears around the central. 

315. Tremotis cor data Raf. Ficus auriculata 
Lour. M. Sm. fol. cord, subserratis tomentosis, 
fruct, glomeratis biuncialis rubris. In Anam or 
Cochinchina. 

316. MASTOSUKE Raf. diff, Periantho monoico 
tuberc. mamillaris, umbil. Sfido, caliculo 3part, 
distans, intus fl. masc. stam. 1, anthera stipitata 
renif. uniloc. fl. fern. ovar. pedicel, stylo latera- 
lis Genus akin to Oluntos, one type. 

317. Mastosiike rubiginosa R^f. Ficus do 
Desf. hot, mag. 2939. F. australis W. &c fol. 
petiol. ellipt. subcord. obt. subtus rubiginosis, fr. 
axil, sepe geminatis pedunc. Australian tree. 

318. ELEOCARPUS L. another G. blending many, 
Dicer a and Valeria have been removed, but 
many others must also. The real types are E, 
serrata and oblonga Gaertn. 1, t. 43, which 
had been blended in E, monogynus or mono- 
ceros of authors: these having 5 multifid petals, 
anthers equaly 'bivalve, one hairy style, drupe 
with rough nut, leaves alternate &c. 

319. GANITRTJM Raf. diff. cal. 4ph. petalis 4 
trifidis 4*c. Type G. obtusum R. Eleoc, inte- 
grif. Lam. P. (Rumf. 3, 192) fol. ovatobl. obtu- 
sis integris. Tree of Molucas and Mauritius, 



60 fYLVA TKLLUR. 

that of Loureiro is different and perhaps a Va- 
teria. 

320. PERINKA Raf. (n. ind.) diff. 316, antheris 
ineq. bivalvis, valva una aristata. Types P. 
reticulata and grandiflora Raf. or Eleoc. do 
of Smith monograph. 

321. MISIPUS Raf. (n, myth) diff. 316, petalis 
trilobis non multif. styhs 4, antheris villosis, bac- 
ca 4 loc. 8sp. F0/, oppos. 

322. Mislpus scrratas R. Dicera do Forst. 
Eleoc. dicera L. auct, fol. ovatis dupl. serratis 
Polynesian tree. 

323. SKIJIAJVTHERA R. (split anth) Dicera Forst. 
non Lour. nee. aptum din . 316, petalis 31obis 
non multif. antheris bifidis, stylis 2, capsula bi- 
locul, poly sperm a fol. oppos. By the capsular 
fruit not even of GUTTIFERES family, nearer to 
the HITERICINES. Dicera meaning 2 horns is 
hardly a fit name. 

324. Skidantk. dcntata R. Dicera do Forst. 
Eleoc. dentata Vahl. &c. 

325. GANDOLA Raf. (n. ind.) cal. colorato cal- 
iculato, extus Ssquamis, tuboinftato. limbo 6fido, 
stam. 6, ovar. 41obo, stylis 4, bacca41oba 4sper- 
ma. Frutex vohtb. fol. alt. fl< spictftis quite 
unlike Basella to "which united although of 
same family. 

326. Gandola nigra Raf. Basella do Lour, 
fol. ovat.subrot. spicis lateralib. Anam, G. alba 
Rumf. is a second sp. probably and different 
from Basella alba of Linneus. 

327. SILADINUS Raf. (myth) Efioic. fl. fern, ca- 
pit. ut Cephalanthus sed corolla 5fida libera 
stylo filif. stig. acut. ovar. liber, akena nuda 
ovata compr. monosp. fol. alternis not a Nau- 
dea, not even same family, rather of VERPE- 
NIDES. 



CENT. IV. 01 

328. Silamnus procumbes R. Cephalauthus 
do Lour. auct. f'ol. ovato lanceol. petiolatis to- 
mentosis Shrub of Anam. 

329. AXOLUS R. (myth) cliff Cephal. phorantho 
villoso, cal. subul. villosis, fruct, baccatus, acinis 
2loc. 2sp. foL oppos.Tiris is of family NAU- 

CLIDKS. 

330. Axolus angastif. R. Cephalanthus do 
Lour. auct. Arboreus, fol. lineari lanceolatis 
Anam. 

331. GILIPUS R. (Hero) diff. Ceph. Dioic. fl. 
fern, adherens 4fidus, cor. nulla, akena compres. 
subpapposa. foL alter nis. The lacking corolla 
is strange, but perhaps it exists in male fl. and 
is stain iuiferous, by alterne leaves &c. akin to 
327. 

332. Gilt pus montanus R. Cephal. do Lour, 
auct. Arboresc. fol. alt. petiol. ovat. crenat. 
acum. subtus tomentosis. Anam. 

333. EKESIMUS R. (hero) cliff. Ceph. cal. libero 
4fid subul, cor. adherens 4fida reflexa, antheris 
4 sessilib. stylo elong, akena monosp. fol* ver- 
ticil. Habit of NAUCLIDES, but the corolla is 
probably a calix calculate. 

334. Eresimus stellatus R. Cephal. do Lour, 
auct. arboreus, fol. ternis lin. lane, glabris. 
Anam. 

335. CHOTON L, &c. This G. now vastly in- 
creased in sp. Kunth alone having 50 American 
contains trees, shrubs and plants, quite unlike 
and not connected by any precise character, of 
which Adanson made 2 G. and Necker 6, while 
I must propose over a dozen of them, having 
nearly the same fruit like EUPHORBIDES, but va- 
riable perigone and stamens: my Cretan and of 
Necker is monoical and has, cal. teres 5dent. 
persistens, corolla decidua 5petala, stam. 10 



63 8YLVA TELLUR. 

basi connexa, stig. C, caps. Svalv. Ssperma. 
Types all the sp. that are such or yet doubtful, 
and must be revised. Among the trees are 
Cr. alnifolinm, bcttdinum,gossypif, balsaniif. 

336. KURKAS Ad. Raf. diff. Crbton, stam., pin- 
rima 15-30, liberis <c. But the G. of Adanson 
included nearly all the Crotons: the types now 
are K. tiglium, congestum, acuminatum, po- 
pulif. teetosum, laxiflorum or Aleurites do W. 
<c, all trees or shrubs. 

337. CINOGASUM Necker diff, 335, cal. masc. 
Sphylus deciduus, stam. sepe 15, cal. fern, mul- 
tipartitus Type unknown, akin to Cupantenis 

338. LUNTIA Necker, diff. cal. masc. 5part. 
caliculato, stam 10-12 basi villosis, antheris 
4gonis, cal. fern, fimbriato apetalis stylis, et 
stigm. 12-15 Type L. sericea Raf. Crot. do 
Lam. or Cr. maturense Aublet, tree. 

339. CASCARILLA Raf. Aroton Neok. diff. cal, 
masc. ovato multif. vel. lOfid imbricate, stam. 
10-12, basi viHosis, cal. fern. 5partito persist, 
apetalis Types 1. Case, afficinalis Raf, Crot. 
case. L. 2 Case, linearis, discolor, aromatica 
Raf. Crot. do auct. and probably other akin 
scented shrubs. 

310. HALECUS Rumf. Raf. diff. cal. 5fido, pet. 
51anc, stam. 20-30 liberis, stylis 12 in fl. fern, 
conform is Types Hal. Verus and mauritia- 
nus. Croton do Lam. 

341. PENTECA Raf. diff. dioica,cal. masc. cam- 
panul. 5dent. petalis nullis, glandulis 5 globosis, 
stam. 12 liberis. cal. fern, conforrnis, stylo 15fido, 
stig. 15. sem. ovatis. 

342. Penteca tomentosa Raf. Croton dioicum 
Cav, auct fol. lanceol integris subsess. toment 
small tree of Mexico. 

344. TRIPLANDRA Raf. diff. cal, tubulos. 5fidus, 



CENT. IV. 63 

pet. 5obov. amplis, starn, 15, stig. 3 sessilib. bi- 
fid is, capsula ovata tuberculata/0Z. oppositis. 

344. Triplandra lanata Raf. Grot, do Lour. 
Mart, (non Lam.) Cr. eriant/ium Sm Arbo- 
rea, fol. opp. ovato lane, integris glabris fl, ra- 
cem. villosis, masc. superis Large tree of 
Anam, flowers white, the opposite leaves are 
singular, being alterne in others. 

345. CAMIRIUM Gaertn. Solander, diff. Croton, 
cal. 2-4lobis ineq v 1 major, petalis 5, stam. 10- 
15, drupis 21oc. 2sp. Quite a distinct G. by 
calix and fruit, hardly of same family, nearer 
to Aleurites. 

246, Camirium cordifolium G. S. Croton 
molucanum L. auct. omitted by some, shrub of 
Ceylon and Molucas, nuts affording oil, 

347. SEBORIU3I Raf. Brunsvia ? Neck, diff Cro- 
ton, cal. masc. tub. 4-5dent. stam. 2-5 liberis 
elongatis, petalis nullis, cal. fern, parvus persist. 
Spart. stylis 3 refl. stig, 3 caps, 31oc. Gvalvis, 
3sp. sem. arillatis sernisphericis very peculiar 
G. shuffled in many, and very differently des- 
cribed by authors, so as to offer perhaps several 
sp. the type however is 

348. Seborium chinense Raf. Croton and Stil- 
lingia sebifera L. auct a fine useful tree of 
China, Tallow-tree, now naturalized in America, 
well described by all, but flowers sadly mistaken, 
bracts and calix being taken for calix and co- 
rolla. 2 stam. Elliot, 3 to 5 Smith. Brunsvia 
of Necker has 8 coalescent and calix" with co- 
rolla 3parted : do they mean the same tree ? 
Grot, nutans is a second sp. 

349. SEMILTA Raf. diff. Croton, stam. 5 iiberis 
&c Types Sem. althefolia, a shrub, Croton do 
Martins. 

350. M EIALISA Raf. diff. Croton, Dioica, cal. 



64 *YLVA 

4partitis, masc. spicatis inter uptis, stam. 8, fern, 
racemosis, foL oppositis Type M. australis 
Raf. Croton 4partitum Lab. Pers. tree of Tas- 
mania. 

351. CROZOPHYLA Raf. Codieum, Codebo, 
Phyllaurea nonnulis auct. nom. pessimum, difF. 
Croton. cal. masc. 5part. pet. Ssquamif. stam. 
plura. cal. fern. 5fido, pet. 0, stylis 3, stig.3,cap- 
sula tricoca carnosa very distinct G. all the 
names given to it are bad, too like Codia, Co- 
don, Phyllaurea is mongrel, mine means colored 
leaves, peculiarity of many sp. 

352. Crozoph. picta Raf. Codieum do Juss. 
b. mag, 3051, Croton do Lod. t. 870 &c fol. 
obi. cord. obt. coriaceis nitidis pictis shrub of 
India, habit of Aucuba, leave? of 3 colors red, 
yellow and brown. 

353. Crozoph. variegata Raf. Croton do L. 
&c. fol. petiol. lanceol. integris pictis shrub of 
India, but 2 other sp. appear to have been blen- 
ded thereto, the 2 next, 

354. Crozoph. angustifolia Raf, fol. lineari. 
oblongis acutis. 

355. Crozoph. elliptica Raf. fol. ellipticis ob- 
tusis. The Phylaurea of Lour, is one of these. 

356. DITRISYNIA Raf. neog. 6, diff. Croton and 
Stillingia cal. tubul. trifidus, stam. 2-3 coalitis, 
cal. fern. 3fido apetalo persist, stylo trifido caps. 
31oc. 3sp. This G. and the 3 next were pro- 
posed by me since 1825. The type of this is 
shrubby, my D. ligustrina or Stilingia do auct. 
Stilingia sylvatica is totally unlike by calix in- 
fundib. bilabiate, 2 free stamens; fern. cal. tu- 
bular entire fimbriate &c. 

357. DREPADENIUM Raf. neog. 5, diff. Croton, 
cal. 6fid, eq. apetalis, stam. 12, glandulis 6 in- 
curvis ad basis,stylis 3, stig. 9-12 Thus nearer 



CENT. IT. 

Phyllanthus, and Synexemia neog. 10, thai* 
Croton, yet the type is Croton maritimum of 
Walter &c, my Dr. do Raf. and the var. mo* 
nantho is a 2d sp. my Drep. die ho to mum R. 
both plants. 

358. DECARINIUM Raf. neog. 4, diff. Croton, 
cal, tubul. 5fidus petalis 5 lane, peryginis, stam. 
10 eq. liberis, cal. fern. 5part. ineq. lac. 2 major, 
styjis 3 bifidis, stig. 6. caps. Gvalvis Type Dec. 
glandulosum Raf. Croton do L. &c, and pro- 
bably others not shrubby, 

359. HEPTALLON Raf. neog. 3, diff. Croton, cal. 
masc. 4-Gpart, pet. 4-6obt. lin. stam. 10-14 libe- 
ris ineq. cal. fern. Tpartito ineq. persistens folia- 
ceis crassis spatulatis, petalis 0, stylis 3 dichot. 
stellatis, stig. 12, caps, toment. 3loc. 3sp very 
distinct G. discovered in 1818 published 1825, 
based on the next sp. but probably several other 
herbaceous Crotoris may belong thereto. 

360. Heptailon graveolens Raf. tomentoso, 
caule trichot. fol, petiol. ellipt. obt. integris, basi 
cordatis, fl. glomeratis Kentucky, Tennessee, 
Illinois 4*c, smell very peculiar nearly porcine. 

361. Hept. aromaticum Raf. Croton ellipti- 
cum Elliot, Crotonopsis do W. fol. subpet. obi. 
integris stellato tomentosis, subtus cam's, fl. lane, 
conglomeratis Carolina &c. 

362. Hept. ellipticiim Raf. Crot. do Nut. (not 
of Elliot) differs from last by leaves ovate ellip* 
tic obtuse, capsules angular. Louisiana. 

363. Hept. capitatum Raf. Crot. do MX. &c, 
rather doubtfulif of this G. like the preceding, 
this has 6 bifid styles, 12 stigmas. Illinois and 
Missour;. 

364. METEKANA Raf. (n. !aL) diff. Croton, cal. 
masc. 5part. pet. 5 undul. stam'. 10, ait. 5 brevior, 





66 ITLTA TELLtTR. 

pistilo abortivo connexa, antheris bilobis dorse 
glandul. cal. fern, duplex ext. 3part, int. 5part. 
petalis 5 parvis, pistil, obi. stig. radiata sessilib. 
9-12, caps. 31oba hispida very distinct G. sev- 
eral types chiefly shrubs, Meterana was a latin 
name of the Chesnut tree, 

365. Meterana castanefolia Raf. Croton do 
L. auct fol. ovatislanceol. obt. serratis glabris 
spicis axil, dimidiatis shrub of S. Amer. but a 
great confusion of blended sp. shrubs and plants 
exist as Croton castanff. to which some add 
Acalypha australis L. as a synonym. 

366. Meterana dimidiata Raf. Acalypha aus- 
tralis L, var ! fol. lanceol. obt. serratis petiol. 
spicis axil, dimidiatis, Also a shrub of South 
Amer. called a plant by Smith, who ascribes to 
the fern. fl. calix 61obed uneq. 3 alterne larger, 
and capsule trilobed. If so another G. or sec- 
tion and probably several sp. blended yet. See 
bot. mag. 2794, " 

367. Meterana ? palustris Raf. Crot do L, 
fol. ovatis lanceol. serratis plicatrs scabris, ped. 
axil. caps, hispidis annual plant of Mexico. 

368. Meterana ? arborea Raf. Crot. castanif, 
Burm. ind. t. 64, non L. Arborea, fol. ovat* 
acum. denticul. glabris, spicis term. fl. alternis 
Tree of Java, the flowers of this and last 
must be verified, probably both new Genera also, 

369. CROZOPHORA Necker, Turnesolia Ad. 
Scop. diff. Croton. stam. 8-10 monadelphis, cal. 
fern. lOfidus, caps. 6valvis this includes nearly 
all the herbaceous Crotons, but the types are 
my^Croz. tinctoria, plicata, and other akin sp. 

370. ODOTALON Raf. diff. Croton, cal. 5-6part. 
petalis 5-6 utrinque 3-4dent. stam. 5 monadel- 
phis, glandulis 5 alternis Types Od. tricuspi- 



CENT. IT. 67 



lanceolata &c, Croton do Lam. W. &c, 
plants not shrubs. 

371. CUPAMENIS Raf. non Ad. (n. ind.) diff. 
Croton, cal. 4fidus, petalis nullis, stam. pluris, 
cal. fern. Sfido, stylis 3 this includes probably 
several plants at least 3 the Cr.chamedrif. Lam, 
Acalypha indica L. Ac. reptans W. blended 
by L. Smith and others. The Cupameni of 
Adanson was Acalypha L. Thus we have seen 
that a crowd of G. were blended in Croton, and 
that even sp. of Aleurites, Stillingia, Acalypha 
<c. were shuffled among them. Such was the 
accurate discrimination once called perfection 
of Botany ! 

372. LEPTEMON Raf. 1808, Crotonopsis MX. 
W. P. <fec. This G. was separated from Cro- 
ton, altho' it differs no more than the above ! 
but the name given was absurd and incorrect. 
diff. Croton, 5 free stamens, fern. fl. apetalous, 
12 stigmas, capsule monosperrn, by abortion 
probably. Type l^ept. lineare Raf. 

373. BERBERIS L. a natural G. if Odostemon 
be ex'cluded, yet greatly enlarged having 30 sp. 
in Decandole, and there are more, some of which 
I have seen alive or possess dry ; therefore give 
them here, all prickly shrubs with fasciculate 
leaves. 

374. Berberis purpurea Raf. vulg. var. auct. 
B, inominata Kielm, Ramis angul. spinosis, 
fol. cuneatis vix ciliatis, fr. eliipt. purpureis 
acidis Mts. of Europe, near to B. vulgaris with 
white or yellow fruits, leaves obovate ciliate ser- 
rate, racemes drooping &c. 

375. Berberis nigra Raf. vulg. var. auct. B. 
orientalis &.c Tourn, Arborea. ramis ang. spin. 
fol. oblongis vix serratis? fr. eliipt. nigris suavis 
Turkey, small tree. 



$8 1VLVA TELLL'K. 

376. Berberis laxa Raf. vulg. var. iberica ? 
) ec . Ramis flexuosis angul. tuberculatis, fol, 
cuneatis spatulatis integris vel subdenticul. reti- 
culatis, racemis erectis laxis, fruct. oblongis 
very distinct sp. sent me as B. canadensis \ 
spines few trifid, leaves as in B. chinensis thin 
and smooth, fl. small on filiform peduncles, with 
short subulate bracts. Probably from Origon 
and Sibiria, the Iberica of Dec. with oblong 
leaves was from Caucasus, 

377. Kerberis canadensis Ait. Dec. &c. Raf. 
med. fl. t. 15 Ramis angul. punctatis spinosis, 
fol. obovatis vel ovatis acutis remote serratis, 
summis subintcgris, racemis nutans, fr. ovalis 
nigris acidis Canada and Mts. Decandole hints 
that several sp. are blended, which is the fact 
as in B. vulgaris, see the 2 next of N. Amer. 

378. Bcrberis scrrulata Raf. Ramis angul. 
levis vix spincsis, fol. obov. proxime serrulatis, 
vel ciliatis, racemis pedunc. nutantib. fr. obi, ni- 
gris acidis North America, in New England, 
New Jersey and Carolina, the synonyms much 
blended with last and next, but this is probably 
the sp. of Bigelow and Elliot. 

379. Berb&ris plsifcra Raf. Ramis ang. sca- 
bris spinosis, fol. cuneatis remote dentatis, race- 
mis paucifl. nutans, fruct, subrotundis pisiformis 
rubris very distinct N. sp. of Apalachian Mts, 
of Carolina &c, with small round berries, leaves 
narrow not ciliate, spines tripartite as in all akin 
species. 

380. Berberis densiflora Raf. Ramis subtere- 
tib. levib. spinis solit. basi dilatatis, fol. petiol. 
lato obovatis ciliatis, acutis racemis nutantib. 
multifl. pedunc. fl. densis imbricatis very dis- 
tinct again, although sent me as B. vulgaris, 
leaves and flowers very large, locality unknown 



CENT. IV. 69 

probably Sibiria, but totally unlike B. sibirica, 
chinensis and cretica which I have. 
3S1. ODOSTEMON llaf. 1817, Mahonia Nut. 
1818. Dec. 1821 This G. was first established 
by myself, in my Review of Pursh,Nuttars name 
was posterior and dedicated to a mere Garde- 
ner, not a Botanist. Some authors deem it only 
a subg. of Berberis, but habit different. 

382. DIALLOSPERMA Raf. (2 diff. seeds) diff. 
Aspalathus, Leg. compresso subtrigono disper- 
mo, sem. 1 renif. 1 globosa, frutex spinos. 
Type D. spinosa Raf. united to Aspalathus by 
all authors. 

383. FAKELOBA Raf. (lent, pod) diff. Aspala- 
thus, Leg. lenticularis monosp.. semen lentic 
Type F. cretica, a crowd of sp. blended in As- 
palathus, with leaves fascic. or ternate or pin- 
nate require to be revised and better fixed. 

384. SCALIGISRA. Raf. diff. Aspal. Stam. mona- 
delphis Aspalathus is diadelphous, Scaligera 
was the name of the whole G. in Adanson. 
Type. Sc. orientally Raf. and others. 

385. ERIOCYLAX Necker diff. Aspal. Vexil. 
reflex, carina brevis, stam. monad. Leg. oligosp. 
fol. ternatis pinnatisque Types the sp. with 
compound leaves according to Necker. 

386. NEFRAKIS Raf. (rough kidney) diff. As- 
pal. stam, monadelphis, tubo fisso, leg. renif. bi- 
lobo disperrno Type N. ebenus Raf. Aspal. do 
L. tree of Antilles and South America. 

387. SEMETOR Raf/ (flag heart) diff. Aspal. 
stam. monadelphis, vexil, obcord. alae oblongis 
equante non lunulatis. fol. pinnatis. 

388. Semetor arborea Raf, Aspal. do Lour. 
Mart, llees, Arborescens, fol. quinato pinnatis, 
fl, racemosis. Anam. 

389. DAMAPANA Ad. diff. Aspal. cal. 4fidus, 



70 SYLVA TELLUR. 

Leg, teres 3-8sp.?sem. globosis, foL pinnatis, jl. 
spicatis Aclanson gives for type the Manneli 
Rheed. t. 38, Malabar shrub, my Dam. man- 
ndl Raf. This first revision of Aspalathus was 
effected by me in 1814, like many other reforms 
of mine, long before Decandole. 

390. BERNARDIA Houst. Brown, Ad. diff. Cro- 
ton, cal. inasc. ineq. trifidus, stam. 20 basi coal- 
itis, cal. fern. Spartit. ineq. stylis 3, stig. 3 diia- 
tatis, caps Gvalv. JL axiL-\ am at a loss to re- ] 
dace this G, to mine, and had omitted it above, 
nor can I indicate the type, which Adanson 
lays is in Brown Jam. page 261. 

391. BESLERIA L. heterogenous medley in 
authors, Necker separated 2 G. not even of 
same family ! The real Besjeria with berry uni- 
locular polysperm, calix 5parted, corolla tubu- 
lose gibbose unequaly 5lobed, &c has been shuf- 
fled in many families, I once put it in GRATIO- 
LIDES, but have since formed a peculiar family 
of those G. with berries, Cyrtandra, Bruns- 
fdsia, Teedia, &c, the BESLERIDES, differing 
from SOLANIDKS by unequal corolla and stamens. 

393. SENKEBERGIA Neck. diff. Besleria, cal. 
bipartite lacero, cor. hypocrat. limbus subeq. 
Drup. uniloc. mix 21oc. 2sp. Herba. 

393. Senkeb. debills Raf. Besl. bivalvis L. 
auct. not a shrub as the others, and not even of 
same family, but of VERBENIDES. 

391, LOPHALIX Raf. Crantzia Scop. Neck, 
non alis diff. Besl. cal. 5part. cristato-serrato 
cor. limbo integro, fr. capsula carnosa bivalvis. 
frutex scnndens fl. involucratis also of a- 
nother family, the GHATIOLIDES, Crantzia has 
been applied to several other Genera. < 

395. Lophalix bicolor Raf. Besleria cristata 



CtNT. IV. 71 

L. auct. fol. ovatis, ped. axil. inv. 5phylo Shrub 
of Antilles, flowers with red calix, yellow co- 
rolla. 

396. Lopkalix coccinea Raf. Besl. do Aubl. 
auct fol. ovat. acum. cafnosis, fl. corymbosis, 
invol. 2phylo Guyana. 

397. HEMATOPHYLA Raf. (bloody leaf) Dahl- 
bergia Tussac non alis diff. Besl. cal. 5phyl. la- 
ciniatus, cor. tubul. gibbosa, subbilab. bacca 
uniloc. sem. pariete aifixa. Her da. In Besle- 
ria the seeds are in the pulp, same family, 

398. He-mat oph. villosa Raf. Besleria sangui- 
nea Turp. Pers. Kunth villosa, fol. obi. serrat. 
macula sanguinea Hayti. 

399. FIMBROLINA Raf. diff. Besleria, cor. ven- 
tricosa, 5fida, laciniis reflexis inequalis fimbria- 
tis. Perhaps only a subgenus, plant not shrub, 

400. Fimbrol. incarnata Raf, Besleria do 
Aubl. auct. tomentosa, fol. ovat. crenatis petiol. 
fl. solit. axil, Guyana. The two sp. of Knnth 
with corolla campanulate are- akin or form 
another subgenus. 



CENTURIA V. 

401. STERCULIA L. this G. is now the type of 
a family STERCULIDES differing from Malvacea 
and Bombaxides by no corolla, and pistil on a 
podogyne. Ventenat, Smith and Lamark have 
given Monographs of it, increasing it to 20 sp. 
while Linneus had only 3, but their sp. are a 
medley of trees without hardly any common 
character except that of the family. The types 
must be those having the linnean characters of 
calix 5part. rotate patent, stamens 15, podog. 
terete solid concave, ovary 51obed, one style and 
stigma capsule formed of 5 poly sperm lignose 
follicles. Such is St. foetida and the next. 



72 ITLVA TELLUR. 

402. Sterculia mllosa Sm. fol. Slobis tomentpt 
sis cordatis dcntatis. Coromandel. 

403. BALANGHAS Raf. diff. calix urceolatus 
5fidus apex connivens, capsul. duris Slobis intus 
carnosis, loculis 2spermis. This has also 2types 
blended in St. balanghas L. 1 B. telabo Raf. 
2 B. rubiginosa Raf.Sterc. do Vent. 

404. CAUCANTHTJS of Forsk. diff. Sterc. cal. 
5part. reflexo contorto, ovar. conico, stylo 1, stig.' 
51obo, folliculis 2-3sp. reticulatis, Type F.pla- 
tanifolia, Sterc. do L, auct. India, Arabia, 
Egypt, now naturalized in Carolina, flowers fra- 
grant instead of stinking, commonly hermaphro- 
dite, seldom polyg. amous, not rnonoical as in the 
others. 

405. IVIRA Aubl. diff. St. stam. 10, filam. coal- 
itis in cupula pilosa 5fida, antheris 2 ad lac. 
affixis,stig.5radiatum. caps. 2-5 polysp. fl. herm. 
Type L pruriens Aubl. or Sterculia ivira and 
crinita auct. good G. wrongly blended, St. fron- 
dosa is perhaps a 2d sp. 

406. KAVALAMA Raf. diff. St. cal. campan, 
5fidus, stam. 10, podog. conico, stylo 1, stig. 51ob. 
Type K. urens Raf. Sterc. do Roxb.W. 
Kavalam was a malabar name given to the 
whole G. by Adanson. 

407. KARAKA Raf. (n. ind) diff. St. cal. tubul. 
clavafo, podog. exerto filif. antheris 15 confluens 
stylis 5 recurvis. caps. 5 pendulis reticul. disper- 
mis Type K. colorata R. St. do Roxb. t. 25. 
&c. In this G. as in next the 5 styles indicate a 
great disparity, and perhaps exclusion from the 
family. 

408. BRAXIPIS Raf. (short under) diff. St. caL 
subcamp. patens, podog. brevissimo, stylis 5 
two types. 

409. Braxipis grandiflora Raf. Sterc. do 
Vent. &c Herm. fol. ovatis acutis Indies. 



wrr. T. 73 

410. Brax. nitida R. St. do V. &c. Dioica, 
fol. oblongis acuminatis East Africa Is it d 
Colaria ? 

411. CLOMPANTJS Rum f. cliff. Sterc. cal. infun- 
dib. 5fidus &c. Type CL molucanus Raf. 
Rumf. 3 t, 107. 

412. SOUTHWELLIA Salisb. diff. Sterc. cal. 
camp. lac. introflexis. caps, monosp. two types 
1. S. nobilis Sal. par. t. (59. St. monosp. auct. 2 
S. longifolia Raf. St. do Vt. 

313. COLARIA Raf. diff. St. cal. subrot. 5-6 
part. Podog. brevis, ov 5-61ob. styl. 1, stigma 
5-6, caps. 5-6 monosp, The African name of 
Cola-nut was known since Bauhin, but the tree 
only described by Palissot, 2 types. 

414. Colaria acuminata Raf. Sterc. do. Pal. 
Lam. fol. obi. acum. coriaceis integris, fl, panic 
Central Africa. 

415. Colaria heterophyla Raf. Sterc. do Sm. 
fol, sepe trilobis dentatis Africa. 

416. OPSOPEA Necker diff. Sterc. cal. cam- 
pan. 5fidus, stam. 12-14, capsulis 5 divaricatis 
Type O. fetida Raf. Sterc. helicteres Jaq u 
Pers. Helicteres apetala L. auct. a passage to 
the Gr. Helicteres that is akin to Sterculia. Lin- 
neus quotes Firmiana of Marsigli for this. 

417. CULHAMIA Forsk. Vitm. diff. Sterc. cal 
campan. 5fido, lac. reflexis, stam. 15, antheris 
sessilis ad cal. inserta, vel filam. adnatis. Stylo 
incurvo, stig. capit. caps 5 basi coalitis 5sp. 
united to Sterculia and even deemed St, plata- 
nif. by some, although quite different tree. 

418. Cttlhamia triloba Raf. fol. cord, trilobis, 
lobis ovatis repandis, racemis axil, bracteatis 
large tree of Arabia, leaves 4 inches long, flow- 
ers rusty green. 

Add above, my Balanghas has been called 
10 



' *)4 IYLYA TELLtfR. 

Ferronia by Correa, a good name previous to 
mine but not to that of Rheede, Necker changed 
Ivira into Theodoria, both being good the pre- 
vious of Aublet must be preferred. 

419. HELICTERES L. akin to Sterculia, and of 
same family not Bombaxides, having petals and 
a podogyne. Containing many blended Genera 
also, Necker had 3 ; put by the Linneists into 4 
of their classes by turns. If they had chosen to 
give the true character it ought to have been, 
petals 5 or 10 or none, stamens 10 or 20 or 
many,capsules stellate or spiral,evalve or bivalve, 
such is the absurdity of these medleys. Adan- 
son called the whole G. Isora. 

420. HELICTERES Raf. calix tubul. tereto bi- 
labiato 2-3fido, petalis 5 equalis, stam. 10 tubo 
5fido extus inserta, podog. filif. incurvo, stylo 
5fido, stig. 5, caps. 5coalitis contortis spiralis uni- 
valvis polyspermis Types several trees of tro- 
pics, JEf . baruensis, angustifolia^ &c. 

421. ANISORA Raf. (not equal) diif. cal. cla- 
vato bilabiate, petalis 5 ineq, Two types blen- 
ded in Helict. isora. 

422. Anisora murri Raf. fol. toment. cor da- 
tis serratis, multifl. Malabar, figured in Rheed 
6 t, 30. 

423. Anisora angulata Raf. arborea toment. 
fol, cord. ineq. dentato angulatis India, the 
var. c. figured in Plukenet t. 245. 

424. NISORALIS Raf.diff. cal. campanul. 5dent. 
obliquatus, petalis 5 ineq, caps, coalitis in fructo 
tereto acuminato vix contortis. 

425. Nisoralis jamaicensis R. Helict. do 
W. Lam. ramis glabris, fol. ellipt. subcord. ser- 
ratis, pedunc, unifl. Jamaica, made a var. of 
Helict. isora ! by L. and others. 



T, 75 

426. OZOXETA Raf. (bristles branched) difl, 
Helict. calix setis ramosis vestito, stam. 5, caps, 
tomentosis Type O. ovata Raf. H. pentandra 
L. auct. Is the hexandrous H. prunifolia a sub- 
genus ? 

427. CAMAION Raf. (n. ind.) diff, Helict. cal. 
tubul, elongate incurvo, caps. 5 stellatis non 
contortis. 2 types both Helict. of Loureiro. 

428. Camaion hirsuta Raf. fol. ovat. sub- 
cord, serrat. acum. ped.multifl, Anam. 

429. Camaion undulata Raf. foL lanceol 
undul. fl. agregatis. Anam. 

430. ALICTERES Neck. diff. cal, obi. campa- 
nul. 5fldo, petalis longe unguic. fimbriat. stam. 
plura ad tubo 5fido insert a, caps, rectis angul. 
intus dehiscens. Type A. fetida Raf. Helic. 
carthaginensis L. auct. 

431. ICOSINIA Raf. (20 united) diff, 420, cal. 
5fidus, stam, 20 monadelphis, capsulis 5 radiatis 
rectis bivalvis. 

432. Icosinia paniculata R. Hel. do Lour, 
Sm. fol. ovatis acutis,fl. panicul. laxis rubris 
large tree of Anam. 

433. FOMETICA. Raf. cal. tereto 4fido, c@r. 0, 
antheris 4 bilab. sessilis epigynis, ovar. ovat. 
4sulc. disco magn. insidens, stylis 4 brevis coa- 
dunatis, stig. obt. 41ob. caps. 4 stipitatis orbicuL 
gibbosis monosp. Arbor polyg. fl* masc. anth. 
Acoadunatis supra podogyno centralis, foL 
sparstS) fl. panic fine G. united to Heritiera, 
but quite different : compare to MEBORIDES. 

434. Fometica punctata Raf. Heritiera 
fomes Buch. tab ramis teretis punctatis, fol. 
petiol, obi. lanceol. obt. integris reticul. panic, 
axil. fol. brevior Tree of Ava, with small flow- 
ers incarnate, wood excellent for fuel and smith- 



76 SYLVA TBLLUR. 

435. GNOTERIS Raf. (n. gr.) Mesospherum 
Brown, diff. Ballota, cal. lOstriatus teres trurica- 
to 5arist. Galea ovata fornicata carinata, bre- 
vis, labio 4fido, 2 later, erectis magnis, 2 inf. de- 
flexa, stigma simplex obtusum. sem. 2 ovata. 
Frutescens, spicis foliosis. Several types all 
fragrant of American bushes, and perhaps BaL 
disticha of India also fragrant is a subgenus of 
it by calix rnutic NOTERIAS Raf. Mesospherum 
has no true meaning, Gnoteris was a name of 
Dioscorides. Lheritier wrongly united it to his 
Bystropogon. 

436. Gnoteris cordata Raf. Bal. suaveolens 
L. fol. longe petiol. cord, undulatis, serrate sin- 
uatis rugosis axillis 4-6floris South America. 

437. Gnoteris villosa Raf. Bal. suaveolens 
Sw. obs. 225, fol, petiol. ellipt. subrotundis obt, 
crenatis villosis, axillis 3-5floris Jamaica, An- 
tilles, flowers blue. 

438. NOSTELIS Raf. (n. gr.) diff. Satureia, caL 
Sgonus lOstriat. 5fidus. galea bifida, labio trifi- 
do, lac. media concava inflexa,stig. simplex acut. 
sem. 4. Frutescens, fl. axil, bibracteatis 
several types of Amer. Shrubs, quite different 
from Satureia, as much so as my Gr. Piloble- 
phis 604 New Flora. No Satureia grows in 
America. 

439. Nostelis viminea Raf. Sat. do L. auct. 
Frutescens, fol. ovatis lanceol. integris, subtus 
toment. nervosis, supra scabriusculis, fl. gemin. 
pedic. fol. eq.- Antilles, flowers white in all and 
autumnal. 

440. Nostelis minor Raf. Satur. viminea Sw. 
obs. Frutescens ramis rigidis ferugineis, fol. obi. 
cuncatis glabris, ft. ternis subsessilib Jamaica 
on high Mts. 2 or 3 feet high. 

441. Noste/is arbor ea Raf. Sat. vim. var. 



CENT. r. 77 

Sw. arborea, ramis laxis, ibl. obovatis glabris, fl. 
ternis also in Jamaica, deemed a var. by 
Swartz, although a small tree 12 to 15 feet high. 

442. ERIPHIA Brown, diff. Besleria 391, cal. 
5part. basi ventricosus coloratus liquor limpidus 
exudens, corolla ringens,tubo medio gibboso,lab. 
sup. incurv. 2part. inf. 3part. ineq. Anthera 4 
aglutinata, fil. 5to rudimento, stig. bifidum, bacca 
uniloc. sem. fundo inserta. fi. axil, confertis. 
A very distinct G. to be added to my BESLERI- 
DES, Swartz thought that the B. cristata, my Lo- 
phalix 394. was a Columnea ? two types. 

443. Eriphia pallida Raf. Besl. lutea Swartz 
4*c fol, petiolatis ovatis acumin. serratis, 
Jamaica &c, shrub of 3 to 4 feet, ft. pale or 
ochroleucous. 

444. Eriphia lutea Raf. Besl. do L. auct. 
Arborea, ramis articul. fol. subsess. lanceol. ser- 
ratis nervosis, South America, Guyana &c, 
small tree 6 to 10 feet high, flowers yellow. 

445. LEUCOXYLON Raf. diff. Bignonia, cal. bi- 
lab. sup. rotund, integr. inf. bifido, corolla in- 
fundib. bilab. 2-31obis undulatis, stig. dilat. in- 
tegrum, siliqua, teres. Arbor, fol. digit. Ji. 
termin. The G. Bignonia was another med- 
ley a family rather than G. Tecoma, Gelsemium 
and Catalpia have been divided, I have propos- 
ed Cupulissa 203, Uloma 222 in my Flora Tel- 
luriana, and I must establish several others, be- 
sides the akin G. Spathodea, Jacaranda, Am- 
philophium &c. This has 4 types, 2Sp. blended 
in B. leucoxylon, but perhaps most of the digi- 
tate Sp. belong to it. B. serratifolia has also 
the calix bilabiate. 

446. Leucoxylon riparia Raf. fol. 5-8natis, 
lato lanceol. acutis fl. solitaris fine tree of Ja- 



TS BYLY V T'&LU.'R. 

maica on streams, flowers rosate, the B. leucox- 
ylon of Swartz and others. 

447. Leucoxylon acuminata Raf, Bign. 
leuc. L. auct. fol. 5-6natis ovatis acumin. fl. 
corymbosis South America. 

448. PLATOLARIA Raf. diff. Bign .... Siliqua 
maxima orbiculata plana. Scandens, fol. digit. 
fl. racemosis Very distinct by mere fruit said 
'to be akin to that of Bign. cerulea, see 458. The 

flowers not described. 

449. Platolaria llacescens Raf. Bign. orbi- 
culata Jaq. auct. fol. 5natis ovatis acum. cirr- 
hosis, racemis axil, sub lOfl. Carthagena,fl. yel- 
lowish. 

450. POTAMOXYLOX Raf. diff. Bign. cor. 4Jo- 
ba, ineq. lobo sup. major, capsula incurva ventri- 
cosa. Arbor fol. digit* fl. corymbosis ano- 
ther very distinct G. with digitate leaves. 

451. Potamoxylon alba Raf. Bign. fluviati- 
lis Aubl. t. 267. auct fol. 5natis petiol. ovatobl. 
acutis small tree of Guyana growing in streams 
fl. white. 

452. HIPPOXYLON Raf. (horse wood) diff. 
Bign. cal. tubul. 5dent. cor. hypocrat. 51oba, 
stam. 5, fertiles 2, sterilis 3, siliqua uniloc. sem. 
villosis. Arbor fol. bipinnatis G. quite dis- 
tinct. 

453. Hippox. indica Raf. Bign, do auct. B, 
pentandra Lour, foliolis subrot. ovatis cord, 
acum very large tree of India, Anam, Molu- 
cas, perhaps 2 or 3 sp. blended, the lignum equi- 
num of Rumph 3, t. 46 is one, the Palega of 
Rheed 1 1. 43 and 6 t. 45 also. 

454. PONGELIA Raf. diff. Bign, cal. tubul. spa- 
thaceo latere dehiscens, cor. hypocrat. limbo 
piano Splicato repando ineq. dent. stam. 4 didyn, 
siliq. linear, plana subtorul. sem, alata. Arbor, 



r. v. 79 



JoL imp.pinnat. fl. axil akin to Spathodes by 
same calix, mixt with last by many, perhaps 
Spath. indica of some, but not all, the real Spa- 
thodes are African, real type. 

455. Pongelia longiflora Raf. Bign. et Spa- 
thodes do auct. foliolis ovatis hirtis fine tree, 
useful wood of Java, Ceylon, Molucas &c. 

456. HIERANTHES Raf. (holy flowers) difF. 
Bign, cor. tubul. 5fida, faux villosa, lobis ineq. 
2 superis bifidis, 3 inf. reflexis crispis, stam. 5, 
fil. 1 sterile, siliqua linear, plana incurva. Ar- 
bor, fol. imp. pinn. Jl. paniculatis very dis- 
tinct Genus, see 662, 

457. Hieranthes fragrans Raf. Bign. che- 
lonoides L. auct. foliolis ovat. acum. pubesc 
large tree of East Indies, flowers red, fragrant, 
used in worship. 

458. RAFINESQTJIA (vel Etorloba) difF. Bign. 
cor. tubulosa incurva apice inflata, limbus 41obo, 
lobis ineq. supero et infero major emarg. stigma 
capit. siliqua obcordata plana lignosa, sem. ala~ 
tis. Arbor, fol. imp. bipinnatis, fl. panicula- 
tis another beautiful G. that I dedicate to my- 
self if the Rafinesquia of New Flora 600 is not 
deemed good enough, and I add a second name 
meaning heart pod, if any one cavils at this 
again. 

459. Rafinesquia (vel Etorloba) cerulea R. 
Bignonia do L. auct. Catesby 1 t. 42 fol. mul- 
tijugis, foliolis petiol. oblongis acutis, paniculis 
terminalib. dichotomislaxis a small tree of the 
Islands of Bahama and Florida, with small 
leaves, but handsome flowers pale blue similar 
to Pentostemon in appearance, fruits brown 
smooth large emarginate, seen alive. 

460. ENDOLOMA Raf. difi. Bign. cal. hypo- 
crat. limbo duplex, ext. 5fido piano, interno 



8YLVA TELLUR. 



erecto integro angusto .... Frutex scandens 
%-3foliolatis, fl. racemosis singular calix, we 
lack the exact account of corolla and fruit. 

401. Endoloma purpurea Raf. Bign. pani- 
cul. Jaq. L. <fc fol. diphylis cirrhosis, nonulis 
triphylis sine cirrhis, foliolis ovato cord, race- 
mis paniculatis South America. 

462. PROTERPIA Raf. (nymph) diff. Bign. cal. 
41obus, cor. tubulosa, limbo ifidus ineq, reflexo 
. . , Arbor fol. alt. simpl. ft. corymbosis very 
distinct by habit, almost all the Bignonias hav- 
ing opposite leaves. How is the fruit ? 

463. Proterpia obtusifolia R. Bign, do W. 
P. fol. ovatobl. obt. integris, corymbis term 
Brazil. 

464. ODISCA Raf. (dent, disk) diff. Bign. cal. 
camp, angul. 5dent. cor. tubo apice inflato, lim- 
bus 51obo subeq. unduj. stam. 4 basi villosis, dis- 
cus urceolatus 5dent. ovario cingens, stylo cur- 
vo, stig. 21amellato siliq, obi. verrucosa. Scan- 
dens, foL ternis pinnatis, fl. spar sis. 

465. Odisca rosea Raf. Bign. colei hot. 
mag. 2817. foliolis 5 ellipt. fl. sparsis subternis 
roseis Mauritius, 

Although I have now thus ascertained 17 
Genera out of Bignonia, many others must be 
verified, the sp. with echinate fruit Bign echi- 
nata, microphyla &c may form a subgenus 
LOBONIS, See 660 to 663 forSererea and Nevrilis. 

466. DENDROSICUS Raf. (gourd tree) diff. 
Crescentia, cal. tubul. bifidus, cor. veritricosa bi- 
lab. sup. crenat. undul. lab. inf. brevis 3fidus,an- 
theris coherens, stig. 21amel. baca corticosa fra- 
gilis. Ar&or, fol. distinctis sparsis, fl. term. 
Family of BESLERIDES. 

467. Dendrosicus saxatilis Raf. Cresc. cu- 
curbit. L. auct. fol, ovat. coriaccis glabris pe- 



CENT. V. 81 

tiol. fl. 2-5 pedic. fruct. ovat. acum. Antilles, 
Tree with streight angular branches, fruits size 
of a Citron, wood white and hard. 

468. Crescentia L. auct. This G. differs by 
calix bipartite cor. incurva, limbo 5fido ineq. 
bacca cortex dura, fol. confertis, fl. lateralis 
many Sp. are blended in Cr. cujete, whereof 
I shall distinguish 3 at least. All from Antilles 
and South America. 

469. Crescentia arborea Raf. fol. cuneatis 
subeq. fruct. globoso maximo very useful tree, 
branches divergent, fruits often as large as head, 
medical. 

470. Crescentia pumila Raf. humilis, fol. 
obovatis inequalib, fruct, subovato oviformis 
small shrub, fruit size of hen-eggs. 

471. (Crescentia latifolia Raf. fol. subrot. 
fruct. ovatis perhaps a Dendrosicus ? 

472. LANTANA L. this appeared a natural 
genus, but the hooked stigma was its main ar- 
tificial character and it has many anomalies in 
flowers and habit, forming at least subgenera. 

473. Subg, CAMARA Raf. cal. ineq. 3dent. 
cor. infund. limb. 4lobo subeq. inf. emarg. Fru- 
f ex fol. oppos. Jl. subcap. bracteatis. Most of 
the species. 

474. Subg. PERIANA Raf. cal. 4dent. cor. by- 
pocr. 41oba, Frut. fol. opp. fl. capit. involu- 
cratis here belong L. ochreata, involucrata, 
aculeata and others. 

475. Subg. TIIILEPTA Raf. cal. 3dent. ineq. 
cor. hypocr. limbo obliquo 41obo. Frut. fol. 
vertic.fl. spicatis bracteatis Type L. trifolia. 

476. Subg. ERPILA. Raf. cal. 4dent. cor. in- 
fund. suboloba, Frutex repens, ramis annuls 

fl. subspic. bracteatis Type L. annua. 

477. BATINDUM Raf. diiT. Lantana, caL 5part. 

11 



32 SVLVA TKLLUR. 

subul. persist, cor. hypocr, 51oba. fol. alt. ft* 
axil. Quite different habit, but fruit exactly as 
in Lantana. * 

478. Batindum jasmineum Raf. Lant. afri- 
cana L. auct ramis scabris, fol. ovat. acum. 
serrat. hirsutis rigidis African Shrub 6 feejt 
high, fl. large white odorous similar to Jessa- 
mine, drupes black. This plant is omitted in 
Wildenow &c, and I dont find where removed. 
Is Charachcra Forsk a 3d Sp ? or a peculiar G. 
to be called Xeralis Raf '? 

479. Lantana (Camara) antillana Raf. L, 
camara L. Sw. auct. ramis 4gonis sulcatis hir- 
sutis, fol. longe petiol. ovat. acum. serratis hir- 
sutis. fl. cap. umbel, ped. ang. bract, ovat. lan- 
ceol. concavis Shrub of Antilles seen alive and 
compared with the next, character made com- 
parative. 

480. iM-ntana (Camara) floridana Raf. atL 
J. p. 148. Ramis 4gonis scabris, fol. brevi pe- 
tiol. ovato lancebl. rugosis scabris crenato serra- 
tis, cupitulis congestis, pedic. clayatis, bract, lane, 
planis Florida, discovered by Bartram, mis- 
taken by him and American Botanists for the 
last, seen alive in Bartram's garden, flowers 
versicolor, yellow, orange, red, crimson on same 
shrub, berries globular blue small. 

481. 'Lantana (Erpila) undulata Raf. Lant. 
annua fl. hid. Ill repens, caulib. 4gonis hirsu- 
tis, fol. ovat. acum. dentatis undulatis subsinua- 
tis, nervis puberis, umbellis deinde spicatis, ca- 
lix striato hirsuto in Louisiana, doubtfully re- 
fered once by me to L. annua which differs by 
leaves often tomato cordate rough. Both as 
well as next appear to be creeping shrubs, send- 
ing annual shoots. 

18*2. Lantana (Erpila) rcticulata Raf. re- 



CENT. Y. 



pens, caulib. humilis vix angnl. pilosis, fol. ova- 
toblongis, utrinque acuti, crenatis, basi intcgris 
glabriusculis subtus glaucis reticulatis, spicispe- 
dunculat. umbellatis, bract, oblongis obtusiuculis 
from Florida, found by Baldwin, anonymous 
in Collins herbarium, small plant, stems annual 
herbaceous, leaves small often less than one inch 
long, sometimes quite oblong, flowers few quite 
sessile. 

483. L*antana (Camara) rosea Raf. ram is 
inermis vix angul. albescens hirsutis, fol. ovatis 
vel subrot, utrinque acutis scabris, lato dentato 
serratis, subtus glaucis, fl. capitatis, bracteis ova- 
tis brevis sent me from the Antilles under that 
name, which I do not find recorded, leaves 
small uncial, flowers rosate. 

484. Ltantana (Periana) incarnata Raf. ra- 
mis angul. fuscatis glabris aculeatis sparsis bre- 
vissimis recur vis, fol. pvatobh utrinque acum. 
crenulatis scabris, capitulis axil, pedunc. invo- 
lucris, bracteisque lin. lariceol. apparently dif- 
ferent from L. nivea and aculeata or its varie- 
ties, flowers incarnate, leaves large 2 or 3 in- 
ches, seen alive from Antilles. 

485. GLYCANTHES Raf, (sweet fl.) cliff. Colum- 
nea, eal. 5part. cor, incurva gibba, bilab. galea. 
3part. medio major emarg. Jab. inf. lanceol. in- 
tegro, anthera4 connexa quadrata, stig. bifidus, 
caps, baccata uniloc. sem. centralis. Frutex 
scandens, fl. axil. fol. opp. 

486. Glycanthes scandens R, Col. do L. osule 
angul. carnosus, fol. ovatis, pet. acutis A'ntil- 
les, Guyana, perhaps several blended sp. called 
Syrup Vine, corolla red full of sweet juice, ber- 
ries white. Of family BESLERIDES. 

487. COLUMNEA L. the type is C. longifotia, 
wrongly called Arhimenes sesamoidos by Vahl, 



84 SYLVA TELLVU. 

diff. cor. galea Integra, labio trifido, caps.21ocul. 
gem, centralis. C. onata appears a second sp. 
C. hispida has a baccate berry as in Glycan- 
thes. C. hirsuta and rutilans must be verified. 
C. stellata forms next G. 

488. APONOA Raf. (bot.) diff. Glycanthes, cal. 
stellate., cor. lab. inf. bifido, caps, subul. bilocu- 
laris. Herba fol ternis. Type Aponoa re- 
pens Raf. Columnea stellata Lour, auct. Re- 
pens, fol. ovatis, ff. solit. Perennial, in waters 
of Anam. 

489. PIPER L. from 25 sp. in Linneus, this 
G. was increased to 105 in Persoon, and now 
about 150, offering great diversities of habit. 
Peperomia has been separated by some ; but 
the whole G. requires complete revision, and as 
in Ficus, the flowers have been described in but 
few, I shall endeavor to indicate several Gen- 
era of it. They will be the types of family Pi- 
PERIDES wrongly united to Urticides, to which 
belong also Misandra, Gnetum, Thoa, Saururus 
<c. Chiefly Trees, Shrubs and Vines, but some 
plants. 

490. PIPERIPHORUM Neck, bracteis nullis, an- 
theris sessilis 2, stylus unicus stig. 3. fol. alter- 
nis, fl. spicatismost of the sp. belong to this. 

491. AMALAGo'Raf. bracteis nullis, antheris 
2-4 sessilib. stylis 3 Types Am. antillana Raf. 
P. amalago L. and Am. malamiri ? of East In- 
dies, probably many others, P. reticulatum, me- 
dium, asperum &c. 

492. CUBEBA Raf. diff ... caule articul. fl. ra- 
cemosis a subg. at least, flowers similar ? type 
C. officinalis vel P. cubeba. 

493. LEPIANTHES Raf. diff, Lepigonis floralis 
tam. 2 cum filam. stig. 3 sessilib. reflexis fl. spi- 
catis vel umbeUatis, fol. sepe 



CENT. V. 



85 



Lep. vel P. umbellatum. peltatum, maculosum, 
granulatum and many others, 

494. TROXIRUM Raf. diff. Lepigonis floralis, 
stain 2 filamentosa, stigma unicum obliq. villos. 

fol. verticillatis, jl. spicatis all the sp. with 
whorled leaves from 3 to 5, Trox. or P. trifo- 
lium, quadrifolium, reflexurn, verticillatum, stel- 
latum, pulchellum, filiforme, pereskia, blandum. 

495. GONISTUM Raf. diff. 490 Lepig. floralis, 
stam. 4-6, ovar. 4-6 angul. stig, 4-6. drupis 4-6go- 
nis Type G, unguiculatum Raf. Piper do R. 
P. t, 57, Peru. 

496. OXODIUM Raf, (2 warts) diff, 490 spicis 
echinatis, stam. 4, stylus unicum elong. stig. 2 
Type O. callosum Raf. Piper do R. P. Peru. 

497. LACISTEIWA Sw. Nernatospermum Rich- 
ard, diff. 490, stam. 1, stig. 3 setacea, Akena 
monosp no more different than the others, the 
berry is often dry in many. 

498. Itocistema myricoides Sw, auct. Piper 
adgregatum Berg, Vitm. Arborea, fol. ovat, 
acum. spicis sessilib, agregatis Tree of Guyana 
and Antilles, 

499. PEPEROMIA R P. Pers. only differ 490, 
stig. sessile 1-2 punctiformis. 23 sp, in Persoon, 
perhaps including also anomalies. 

500. CARPUPICA Raf. probably another dis- 
tinct G. type C. odorata Raf. Piper carpupija 
R P. tree of Peru with fragrant leaves Piper 
methysticum and Churumaya are also probably 
types of other Genera? to be called Methysti- 
cum esculentum Raf. and Churumaya arbo- 
rea Raf. Is not Piper betel another ? to be 
called Betela mastica Raf. 



8t> SYLVA TELLUR. 



CENTURIA VI. 

501 . Cissus L. only 6 sp. in Lihneus, now over 
100 by uniting thereto a medley of plants with 
totaly different habit and -even flowers, leaves 
simple, ternate, digitate, pinnate &c indicating 
peculiar G. which I shall partly settle; but as 
the flowers of all are not described, they must 
be verified. My Cissus R. will have cal. 4dent. 
petalis 4 liberis, disco piano, stain. 4 liberis epi- 
tlisco, stylo tereto, stig. obt. bacca globosa mo- 
nosp. ticandens, foL simplicib* alt. such are 
most of the sp. probably. 

502. IRSIOLA Brown, Raf. diff. calix planus 
4gonus,pet. 4 reflexis epicalix. stain. 4 monadel- 
phis urceol. 4part. antheris in sinub. ovar. 4gon. 
stylus, stig, acut. drupo monosp. urnbilicato. 
Frut. scand. jol. simpl. fl, umbeL Type Irs. 
sicy aides Raf. C. do L. 

503. KEMOXIS Raf. (sour Ivy) diff. cal. ur- 
ceol. obt. 4dent. persistens, pet. 4 refl. basi coal- 
itis, disco marginatus. FoL trifolialis, Jl. um- 
bellatis Type K. acida R. Cis, do L. 

501. GONOLOMA Raf. (ang. edge) diff. cal. 
piano marginans integro 4gono, pet. 4,stylo 4sfono. 
FoL trifol. fl. umbel Type G, alata Raf^ Cis- 
sus trifoliata L, and probably several other tri- 
foliate sp. 

505. ITUTEIUON Raf. (n. gr. Hedera) diff. 
cal. urceol. 4fidus persiscens, pet. 4 revolutis 
basi coalitis marcescens persistens. Arbor foL. 
oppos. simpl. jt. panic. Is it of same family ? 

506. Ituterion arborea R. Cissus do Forsk, 
auct. fol. petiol. obi. crassis integris, fl. sessil 
large tree of Arabia with very peculiar habit, 
berries pisiform yellow or black. 

507. SCF.LANTIIUS Forsk, united to Cissus by 



CENT. VI. 



Vahl. is yet a peculiar G. several sp rotundif. 
4gonus, (fee. 

503. RINXOSTYLIS Raf. (beak st) diff. bacca 
pyriformis stylo persistens rostrata. fl. timbel. 
Types R. rcpanda Raf. Cissus do Vahl. auct. 

509. PEDASTIS Raf. diif. 501, bacca41ocul. 
4sperma. fol. pedatis. Type P. indica Raf. 
Cissus pedata auct, 

510. CAUSONIA Raf. med. ft. 1830 diff. 501. 
petalis 4 erectis cuculatis, disco 41obo, stam 4 
fertiles, 4 steriles lobis alt. fol. subpinnatis 
Type C. japonica Raf. Vitis do Thunb. Cissus 
do W. P. 

511. QumARiARaf. med. fl. 1830 Psedera 
Necker, diff. 501. cal. 4-5lobus, pet. 4-5 cucula- 
tis erectis, stain. 4-5, disco piano, bacca 4-51oc. 
4-5sperma. fol. digit, fl. panic. Types nearly 
all the sp. with digitate leaves, particularly Q. 
hederacea Raf. or Hedera, Vitis and Cissus 5fo- 
lia of Authors ! also Q. hirsuta R. of North 
America often deemed a var. of it, and 3. Q. 
japonica R. the Vitis pentaphyla of Thunberg. 

512. NEKEMIAS Raf. (not Ivy) diff'. 501, cal. 
marginans, integro undulato, petalis 5 basi coal- 
itis patens pubescens, stam. 5, disco membran- 
oso undulato sublOlobus, stylo brevis, stig. obt. 
bacca 21ocul. 2-4sperma. Scaridens jol. bi- 
pinn. fl. corymbosis very peculiar G. wrongly 
united to 4 others. Several pinnate leaved Cis- 
sus may belong to it, but the type is 

513. Nekcmias bipinnata Raf. Ampelopsis 
do MX ! Cissus do Elliot, Vitis arborea L ! He- 
dera do Walt ! Cissus stans Pers. Pursh ra- 
mis viminalis subang. fol. bipinn. decomp. folio- 
lis ovato lanceol. dentatis iucisis lobatis, corym- 
bis dichotomis Carolina to Louisiana, seen 
alive like the last and next. 



88 SVLVA TELLUR. 

514. AMPELOPSIS MX. This G. must be re- 
stricted to A. cordifolia, having realy the ap- 
pearance of a Grape Vine, and only differing by 
petals not hooded nor coherent, disk cup like 
lobed persistent. 

515. ALLOSAMPELA Raf. med fl. 1830. cal. 
5dent. superus, pet. 5 ovatis cone, acum, stam. 
monadelphis 5, disco urceol. truncato persistens, 
bacca uniloc. 2-4sp. cal. et disco coronata. 
Hab. Vitis Not even of family SARMENTACEA ; 
but of HEDERACEA that, differs by ovary inferior 
and stamens alternate, akin to Araliacea differ- 
ing by several styles. 

516. Allosampela heterophyla Raf. Vitis do 
Thunb. auct. fol. simpl. inciso serratis lobatis- 
que nudis, paniculis axil Vine of Japan, 

517. PIOCTONON R. (n. gr.) diff. ad Heliotro- 
pium, cal. Sfidus, cor. hypocr. limbo piano 5go- 
no, faux clausa sq, 5 angulis oppos. stig. capit. 
capsula subrot. disperma vel akenis 2 globosis 
coaiitis Frutic. Jl. spicatis The G. Heliotro- 
pium is yet one of the most anomalous of Borra- 
gines, although once deemed a very natural 
Genus, many G. must be separated from it. This 
has 3 types at least. 

518. Pioctonon antillanum Raf. Hel. fruti- 
cosum L. Tournefortia humilis L fol. alt. lin. 
lane, hirsuta, marg. revol. subt. incanis, spicis 
nudis solit. fl. secundis Antilles, shrub 2 feet 
high, fl. white. 

519. Pioctonon per sicum Raf. Hel. do Vitm, 
H. frutic, var. Pers. Burm. t. 19 fol. alt. lin. 
lane, villosis recurvis, spicis term, foliosis 
Persia. 

520. Pioctonon ternatum R. Hel. do Vahl 
&c. fol. alt. ternisque lanceol, subt. incanis, spi- 
cis conjugatis Antilles. 



CENT. VI. 89 

521. DIALION R. (n. gr.) diff. Heliotrop. cor, 
villosis, tubo conico, limbus plicis dentif. inter 
lac. sem. 4 villosa,^. spicatis. 

522. Dialion undulatum Raf. Heliotr. do 
Vahl &c. Lithosp. hispidum Forsk Dicho- 
tome shrub of Egypt. 

523. SCORPIANTHES Raf. diff. Heliotr. cor. in- 
fundib. faux pervia, dentis inter lobis, sem. vil- 
losa,^. spic. 

425. Scorpianthes lineatum Raf. Hel. do 
Vahl &c. Lithosp. heliotropoides Forsk dicho- 
tome shrub of Arabia. 

525. PERISTIMA Raf. (around stig.) diff. He- 
liotr. cor. faux nuda, limbo piano, stylus medio 
incrassato, annulo lato circumdatus sub stigma 
quod bifidus est, sem. baccatis coalitis inter bac- 
ca 4ang, 4sp. hardly of same family, very near 
Ehretia. 

526. Peristima bicolor Raf. Heliotr. bacca- 
tum Forsk. Vitm. caule frutescens prostrato, fol. 
obi. hispidis Arabia, small low shrub, flowers 
tube yellow, limb white. 

527. Besides these frutescent N. G. there are 
others herbaceous included in Heliotr opium, 
whereof Tiaridium of Lehman is one including 
many sp. blended in Hel. indicum or akin there- 
to, with fruit bifid formed of 2 coalescent seeds, 
our American sp. is quite distinct even in Ge- 
nus! see 531. 

528. SYNZISTACHITJM Raf. diff. Heliotr. cor. 
tubo clavato longissimo, limbus 5fidus, fruct. 
2partibilis 2sp. akin to Messersmidia, type S. 
peruvianum R. Hel. synzist. R, P. auct. H. 
microstachium has the same fruit, but how is co- 
rolla ? several other Peruvian sp. have very pe- 
culiar habit by flowers corymbose and will pro- 
bably form other Genera. The H. pinnatum 

12 



f)0 SVLVA TELI.UR. 

is so different from all that it must also be a pe- 
culiar Genus. The Schobera of Scopoli and 
Necker was separated also from Heliotropium 
by capsule didyme umbilicate 41oc. 4sp. but 1 
clont know which is the type, unless some Tiari- 
dium or the next G. 

529. ELIOPIA Raf. (n. gr.) diff. Heliotr. cal. 
tubuL 5dent. cor. hypocr. faux clausa Sradiata, 
stig. capit. planum, sem. 4 eq. ovatis This al- 
though based on the H. indicum, is very differ- 
ent from Tiaridium by calix and seeds, '2 types. 

530. Eliopia serrata Raf. fol. ovatis subcord. 
subserratis rugosis hirtis, spicis term, solit. fl. se- 
cundis biserialis Antilles and tropical America, 
the Heliotr. indicumofSwtirtz &c, H. americ. 
of Sabati 4*c, fl pale blue. 

531. FJiopia riparia Raf. fol. ovatis subre- 
pandis rugosis hirtis, spicis term, solit. fl. secun- 
dis uniserialis banks of streams in N. Amer. 
the Heliotr. indicum of all the N. Amer. bo- 
tanists. Elliot calls the calix 5parted and 4 seeds 
angular. 

532. HIIIZAERIS R. (air root) [diff. Conocar- 
pus, cal. cone. 5dent. petalis 5, stam. 10, alt. 5 
brevior. ovar. cord. lOstriatum, akenis corona- 
tis obov. sulc. indehisc. aptcris. fi. racemosis. 
bracteatis very diff. from Conocarpus with ca- 
pitate naked fl. cal. Sparted, no petals, 5fertile 
stam. 5 sterile, nuts in cones winged &c. The 
name derives from the seeds germinating in the 
air as in Rhizophora. 

533. Rhizaeris alba Raf. Conoc. racemosa L. 
auct. The white Mangrove of Antilles. 

534. ZAMZELA R. (hot) diff, ad Hirtella, stam. 
3 (nee 5) types Z. racemosa Raf. Hirt. trian- 
dra auct, and 2 Z. rugosa R. Hirt. do auct. 

535. SPIIENISTA R. ' (wedged) diff. Hirtella 
fruct drupa (nee bacca) cuneat. incurvat. stylo, 



CENT. VI. 91 

basi germ, nee ad latere Type Sph. pcruma- 
na Raf. Hirt. do Pers. H. racemosaR. P. Cos- 
mibuena R P, bad name. 

536. THEVETIA Ad. Scop. Neck. diff. ad Cer- 
bera cal. 5phyl. cor. clavata infund. nect. Sdent. 
stellato. stig. capit. 5gon, emarg. drupa, nux 
21oc. Types Th. linearis Raf. Cerb. thevetia 
L. auct. 2 Th. ahuaL and probably some others. 

537. PHYLLANTHUS L. from 7 linnean sp. in- 
creased to over 60 by a strange medley, even 
Xylophyla, Kirganelia and Conarnia being 
thrown into it ; whereby it is become as absurd 
as Croton ! and more difficult to rectify by the 
few good descriptions of flowers. However I 
had long ago attempted it and shall now give a 
sketch of my labor, which must be deemed very 
imperfect. See till 552, mostly shrubs. 

538. PHYLLANTHUS Raf. monoic. cal. Gpart. 
pet. nullis, stam. 3 monadelphis, fl. fern, stylis 3', 
bifidis caps. Scocca, foL florifens most of 
the species. 

539. EMBLICA Gaertn. Raf. diff. antheris 3 
coalitis ad apex filam. unicum, fruct. baccatus, 

fol. pinnatis Types 1 Embl. arborea Raf. Ph. 
emblica L. 2 E. annua R, Ph. bacciformis L. 
3 E. racemosa R. and probably some others. 

540. NIRURIS Raf. diff. cal. Gfido vel 6dent. 
caps. Giocularis. Several sp. blended in Ph. 
niruri, some even of different Genera ! such as 
Kirganelia and Mceroris. Type 

541. Niruris indica Raf. fruticul. pinnulis 
petiol. fl. axil, solit. pedunc. India, a 2d sp. is 
N. annua. 

542. MCERORIS Raf. diff. cal. 5phyl. glandulis 
5 ad basis, caps. 31oc, 6valv. 

543. Matrons stipulata Raf. Phyll. niruri, 
Swartz. Herbacea, foliolis obi. Baucis subsess. 



92 SYLVA TELLUR. 

stipulis 2 geminatis coloratis, fl, axil. ped. nu- 
tantib. Mts." of Jamaica. 

544. NELLICA Raf. (n. ind.) diff. cal. 5dent. 
petalis 5, stam. 5 monadelphis Type N. made- 
raspatana R. Phyl. do L. 

545. XVLOPHYLA auct. dift*. stylis 2, caps. 2sper- 
mis, fol. simpl. margine floriferis most of 
the sp. but all must be verified. 

516. LOMANTHES Raf. (marg. fl.) diff. stam. 6 
liberis, stylus Spart. stig. 3, caps 31oc. Gvalv. 6sp. 
fl. marginalis polyg. Type L. latifolia Raf. 
Phyl. and Xyloph. do auct. Genesiphyla of Lher. 

547. HEXADENA Raf. diff. stam. 3 liberis, 
glandulis 6 ad basis, stylo 3fido, stig. 6. caps, 
31oc. Gvalv. 6sp. fl. marginalis polygamis 
Type H. angustif. R. Phyl. and Xyloph. do 
auct, 

548. KIRGANELIA Juss. very good G. wrongly 
made a subg. by Persoor^type K. virginea,b\ei\- 
ded in Ph. niruri by L. 

546. GENESIPIIYLA Lher. diff. 547. stam. 3 
monadelphis, glandulis 6, cal. fern. 3gono 3d, 
stig. 9 Type G. apeciosa Raf. Phyl. do Sw.P. 

550. CONAMIA Aubl. Raf, diff. 538, ovar. 
Gstriat. stylis 3, stig. 6 villosis, caps. Glocul. 6sp. 

foL simpL fl. axil. 

551. Conamia brasiliensis Aubl, R. fol. su- 
brot. acut. ineq. integr. fl. agregatis Guyana &/ 
Brazil, shrub 6 feet high, fl. greenish. 

552. SYNEXEMIA Raf. 1825. Mascalanthus 
Nuttal 1834. See my Neog. 10, Flora Tellur. 
1191, New Flora 995 diff. 538, stam, 6 apice 
liberis, caps, Gvalv. Gsp. fol. distichis fl. axil, 
gemin Types 8. obovata R, Phyl. do and ca- 
rolinianus, 2 S. cuneifolia Raf. n. fl. 995, and 
other small annual plants of N. America. 

553. BELLUCIA Neck. 833. cal. superus sim- 



CENT. VI. 93 

plex 3-5fidus coriaceus, petalis 7-9 epiealix un- 
guic, fimbriata, stam. 12-18, filarn. conniv. an- 
theris liberis, stylo incurvo clavato, bacca plu- 
riloc. polysp. very different from Blakea with 
double calix, outer inferior, both Gfid, 6pet. 12 
stam. anthers coalescent, caps. Oloc. &c. Both 
of MELASTOMIDES family. 

554. Belinda nervosaHzf. Blakea tripliner- 
via L. auct. 5nervia Aubl. a tree of Guyana 
18 feet high. 

555. MELASTOMA L. this beautiful G. has been 
increased from 15 linnean sp. to 114 in Persoon, 
and now over 150, Kunth alone has 34 of S. 
America. As usual in such large groups a med- 
ley of G. has been blended, requiring revision. 
They are chiefly shrubs and plants seldom 
trees, which I divide in 38 good Genera types 
of family MELASTOMIDES ; except those with free 
ovary that are like Rhexia of family LYTHRIDIA 
subfamily Rhexides. 

556. MELASTOMA Raf. cal. camp. 5dent. pet. 
5, stam, 10, stig. obt. vel capit. bacca coronata 
51oc. polysp. &c. Subg. may be formed by the 
shapes of stigma, anthers 4' c - Most of the sp, 
belong here, such as M. aspera, strigosa, re- 
pens, trinermS) parviflora, agrestis, grossa, 
granularis,nervosa, ciliata,cymosa, rigida Sm. 
cuprea Sm. and many others. 

557. DANCERA Raf. (hot) diff. 556, cal. 5-6fi- 
dus, pilis sanguineis hirtis, lac. ovatis, postice 
aucta lac. linearib. stylo crasso, stig. concav. 
pet. 5-6, stam. 10-12, antheris bifidis. Frutex, 

fol. 5nerv. fl. axiL Type D. hirta Raf. Mi do 
L. Sw. auct. but many blended sp. under that 
name of other genera ? 

558. SERICOLA Raf. diff. 556, cal. obi. tubul. 



91 SYLVA TELLUlt. 

5fid. antheris longissimis falcatis, ovar. obi. stylo 
longus curvus, stig. clavat. Frutex. fl. raccm. 
Type S. brachiata Raf. Mel. holosericea L. 
auct. Brazil shrub, M. amygdalina, Lam. with 
terete calix is perhaps a 2d sp. 

559. Ziegera Raf. (hot) diff. 55G. cal. brevis 
dentes 5 obt. petalis 5 infra dentes, stam. 10, 
filam. genicul. antheris erectis apice perforatis, 
stig. truncat. concav. Frutex,fl. raeem. panic. 
Type Z. lemgata Raf. Mel. do L. auct. an- 
tillian Shrub, 

560 ACINODENDRON L. 1st. ed. since blended in 
Melastoma, but diff. by calix turbinate, arbores- 
cent and probably other characters in anthers 
and stigma. Probably several blended sp. and 
types, at least three, and some other trees may 
belong here. 

561. Acinod. aurea Raf. (Sp. of Smith) fol, 
ovat acum. serratis Snervis aureo-hirtis, panic, 
term, trichotomis, ped. 2-3fl. fl. sessilib. bractea- 
tis tree of Guyana. 

562. Acinod. laxiflora Raf. fol, lato ellipt. 
denticul. Snerv. subt. canis racemis axil, laxis 
S. Amer. tree 20 feet high flowers white, the 
genuine linnean sp. 

563. Acinod. cymosa Raf. M. acinbd. W. 
P. fol. ovatis acum. dentic. Snervis, fl. axil, cy- 
mosis. Antilles. 

564. OXISMA Raf. (split claw) diff. 556, peta- 
lis basi fissis ut 2 unguic. vel pet. 10, per paria 
apice coalitis, bacca umbilic. Arbor, fl. co- 
rymb Types Oar. arbor escensH&f. Melast. do 
Aubl. large tree of Guyana 60 feet high. fl. white 
and 2 Ox. flavescens (M. aubL) another tree 10 
feet high. 

565. ACINOLIS R. (scaly berry) diff. 556, cal. 
turbinato 5-6angul. dentato, 10-12 costato, extus 



M*, vi. 95 



squamosus, pet. 5-Cparvis, stani. 10-12. bacca 
squamosa, Frutex, Jl. panic. Type. 

566. Acinolis elliptica Raf. Melast. squamu- 
losa Sm. fol. ellipt. obt. integris Snervis subtus 
canis Shrub of New Grenada disc, by JVIutis. 
Perhaps M. staminea Lam. is a 2d sp. 

567. AULIPHAS Raf. (sulc. cup) diff. 556, cal. 
cupularis hemisphenco sulcato 5dent. stig. con- 
cavo cupularis. Frutex, ft. panic. 

568. Auliphas tigustrina Raf. MelasU do 
Sm. fol, ovatis obt, integris another shrub of 
Bogota, 

569. SYNODON Raf. diff. 556, cal. 5-6dent. 
coalitis calyptrans sepe deciduis vel latere fi'sso, 
pet. 5-6. stam. 10-12. ovar. annulo coronata 
Types S. calyptrata and montana Raf, Me- 
last do auct. 

570. EUSTEGIA Raf. diff. 569. cal. indiviso in- 
tegro calyptrato deciduo, pet. 5-6, stam. polyan- 
dris, bacca non coronata, concreta, 5-6locul G. 
near to last, also to Eucalyptus and Calyptran- 
t/ies , probably of MYRTIDES family by many sta- 
mens like them. Also akin to Thylacium of 
Loureiro but with free berry, 3 types. 

571. Eustcgia mutisi Raf, Melast. do Kunth. 
Arborea, fol. cordatis hirtis tree of Andes. 

572. Eustegia pulverulenta Raf Melast. ex- 
tinctoria Kunth. Arborea, fol. ovatobl, acum. 
pulverulentis tree of Bogota. 

573. Eustegia tomentosa Raf. Melast. jala- 
pense Kunth. Fjruticosa, fol. lanceol. subtus to- 
mentosis Shrub of Mexico. 

574. OCTONUM Raf. diff. 556. cal. Sdent. pe- 
talis 8, stam. 16 Type Oct. humboldi Raf. 
Melast. octonum Kunth. 

575. ANTHERYTA Raf. (anth, rug) diff. 556, 



96 SVLVA TKLLUR. 

cal.'5iidus, pet. 5, stam. 10 ineq. declinatis, fi- 
lam. supra lanatis, antheris linearib. flexuosis 
rugosis. Frutex fi. panic. 

576. Ant fiery ta granulosa Raf. Melast. do 
Lam. Pers. b* reg. 671, b. mag. 2431. Rhexia 
fontainesia H. B. t. 36, ramis 4gonis alatis, fol. 
ovat. lanceol. integris 5nervis, supra granulosis, 
panic, termin Shrub of Brazil, fl. purple. 

577. ARTIIROSTEMA Grab. diff. 556,cal.4dent. 
pet. 8. retusis, stam. 8 ineq. antheris porosis bi- 
auricul. caps. 41ocul by capsule nearer to 
Rhexia? is it free/ 

578. Arthrostema nitida Gr. b. mag. 3142. 
frutic. pilosa fol. ovat. 5nervis serrul, Shrub of 
Buenos Ayres. 

579. ALOSEMIS Raf. (half diff.) diff. 556, cal. 
4-5dent, pet. 4-5, stam 8-10, ineq. alternis bre- 
vior sepe sterilis vel castratis 3 Types 1 Al. 
zeylanica Raf. Meiast. octandra L. auct. 2 Al. 
grandifiora, Melast. do auct. and next. 

580. Aloseris mllosa Uaf. Melast. do Lod. 
853 (non Aublet) b. mag. 2630 Frutic. fol. ova- 
tis villosis integris 5nervis, fl. term. 1-4. South 
America. 

581. GONEMA Raf. (gen. fil) diff, 556. cal. ur- 
ceolatus 4fidus, pet. 4 parvis acutis, stam, 8 fi- 
lam. genicul. antheris linearis acutis, styl. crasso 
stig. obt. Frutex, JL axil. Types G, scabrosa 
Raf. Melast. do L. auct. 2 Gr. divaricata,W . P. 

582. LOMANTIJERA Raf. diff. 556, cal. 4d. pet. 
4 unguic. stam. 8, antheris utrinque latere mem- 
brana marginatis, stylus elong. bacca 4loc. 
Type L. glandulosa Raf. Melast. do auct. 

583. OCTELLA Raf. diff. 556, cal. 4d. pet. 4, 
stam. 8, filam. abreviatis, antheris curvis, bacca 
4Ioc. Types, several octandrous sp. but must 
all be examined again, such are Melast. angus- 



CENT. VI. 97 

tif. microphyla, capillaris, umbrosa, coccinea, 
vaccinoides, fasciciriaris, hispida.axillaris, alpina, 
verticillata, lateriflora, virgata, glabrata, repens. 

584. ANTISOLA Raf. diff. 583 stam. 4. Fyutex 
fl. racem. certainly a very striking G. the sta- 
mens being equalised to petals. 

485. Antisola racemosa Raf. Mel. tetrandra 
Sw, auct. fol, obi. glabr. integr. Snervis, racemo 
erecto term Shrub of Jamaica &,c. 

580: LOMANODIA (Raf. (edge entire) diff 556, 
calix integro truncato . . 2 types L. glabra, and 
miicronata Raf. Melast. do auct. 

587. MALABATHRIS Raf. diff. 556, cal. squa- 
mis fimbriatis vestitus imbricatis ut in Cyanus 
this may be only a subg. unless other characters 
exist, it was the original Melastoma, two types 
1 Mt. nigra R. (Mel. malabathrica Lj and M. 
cyanoides Raf. Mel. do Smith, both Indian 
shrubs, Smith quotes for the last Kadali Rh. 4, 
t. 43 and Rumf. 4 t. 71. 

588. FOLOMFIS Raf. vel Pholomphis (scaly 
umb) diff. 556, bacca duplice umbilicata, squa- 
mis fl. umb. centralis clauso. Probably other 
characters also. Type Mel. fragilis, Shrub of 
Guyana, compare Gynomphis, 597. 

589. ZULATIA Neck. 791. Raf. emend, diff. 
556, petalis 5 ineq. 4 eq. minor, 1 major, anthe- 
ris bifidis, bacca 31oc. 6sp. 3 types Z.lemgata, 
alata, grandiftora Ref. all Melastomas do Au- 
blet, Shrubs of Guyana. His lemgata is differ- 
ent from Synoptera 596. Is his grandiflora the 
same as Alosemis grandiflora ? 

590. EXODICLIS Raf. (out 2v) diff. 556, petalis 
ineq. 4 minima, cal. caliculato, bracteis 2 bival- 
vis, ovar. libero, capsula libera 2-5valvis, cal. et 
valvis obsita. Annuls cinereis,fl. corymb* < c 

13 



$8 VJAA TELL1R. 

2 types. EJC. latifoL and angustif. Raf. Mc- 
last. bivalvis and trivalvis Aublet,Rhexia do W. 
P. &c family RHKXIDES. 

591. XEKACINA Raf. (dry berry) diff. 550, 
cal. turbinato libero, bacca cxsuca &c 3 types 
X. mllosa, aquatica, scandens Raf. Melast. do 
Aublet. Is M. staminea Lam. with cal. turb. 
striate a 4th ? 

592. JARAVEA Neck. 792, diff. 566, cal. libero, 
antheris bifidis, capsula libera Slocul several 
sp. of Aublet belong here, and in Necker it in- 
cluded Exodiclis. 

593. BENKAKA Ad. diff. 556, stam. 5, bacca 
4locul. polysp. Spinosis, spiels axil is it of this 
family? Adanson quotes as type Benkara Rh. 
5. t. 35. B. galia Raf. 

594. NAREGA Raf. Catunaregam Ad diff.556, 
cal. 4-5fid. pet- 4-5, stam. 8-10, bacca 21ocul./. 
corymb Type N. coduva Raf. Rheed. 4 1. 13. 
Malabar. 

595. SOTULARIA H. (n. iud.) Catuadamboe 
Ad. diff. 556, cal, 5-7fid. pet. 5-7, stam. 5-7, bac- 
ca 5-71ocul. sem. planis fl. panicul Type & 
malabarica Raf. Rh. 4 t. 22. 

590. SYNOPTERA Raf. (union by wings) diff. 
556, cal. tubul. 5dent. pet. 5ineq. contortis,stam. 
10 ineq. genicul, ovario ad cal. coalito alis 10 
membr. stig. concavum very strange and pe- 
culiar union of calix by membranose wings. 
Type S. levigata Raf. Mel. do L. auct. and per- 
haps other sp. may offer this singularity of struc- 
ture, compare Zulatia 589. 

597. GYNOMPHIS R, (fern, umb) diff. 556. cal. 
tubul. Sfidus, pet 5 obcord. fil. et antheris incur- 
vis ovar. 5dent. capsula umbil. apice 5valvis 51oc. 
fl. panic Type G. argentea Raf. Mel. do Lam. 
Rhexia holosericea H. B, t. 12. b. reg, 323, se- 



SENT. ri. 

ricea, fol. ov. cord. int. panic, term plant of 
Brazil, flowers dark blue. 

598. ABROPHAES Raf. (elegant aspect) Foth- 
ergilla Aubl. non alis diff. 556, cal. turb. 5dent. 
bibract. pet. 5 eq. unguic. antheris incurvis, sty- 
lus longus pilosus, stig. capit. planum. bacca ex- 
suca striata coronata 31ocul. Frnt. Jl. racem* 

599. Abropkaes mirabilis R. Foth. do Aubl. 
Vitm. Melast. tamonea Sw. W. P. auct. fol. pet. 
ovatobl. acute integris 5nervis subt. toment. ra- 
cemis term, Shrub of Guyana 4-5feet high, 
flowers white. 

600. CLASTILIX Raf, (broken calix) diff. 556. 
cal. tubuloso obi. vel ovato inequaliter disrum- 
pentes Types Cl. mcxicana, tunicata, Raf, 
Melast of Kunth. 

Such was the medley of Melastomas, united 
by no characters, except leaves opposite ner- 
vose ! ! ! not satisfied with this, the Linnean Bot- 
anists and even Kunth have thrown into it the 
good G. Maieta. Tococa, Topobea of Aublet, 
and even Tristema of Jussieu! also Tibuchina 
since put in Rhexia with all the capsular sp. see 
next Centuria. It appears that all the sp. with 
inferior berries form this family, to which ought 
to be united the baccate EriLOBions, such as 
Fuchsia, Muriria, Cacucia, Dorvallia &c and 
the MYRTIDES with definite stamens. 



\(X) SYLVA TELLUR. 



CENTURIA VII. 

601. MAIETA Aubl. Jus, Vitm. diflf. 555, cal. 
obi. 5gonus, antheris bicornis, ovar. 5gon. stylo 
brevis, stig. cap. rut. fl. axil Type M. gida- 
nensis Aubl, (fee. Mel. maieta W. P. &c. 

602. TOCOCA Aubl. Jus. Vitm. cliff. 556. cal. 
turb. 5d. pet. 5 cone, invol. stam. 10 inserta ad 
disco annularis supra cal. anther, obi. acut. bac- 
ca Slocul. Frut. fl. spic. vertic. Type T. 
guinensis Aubl. &c. Mel. physiphora V. W. P. 
Is, M. verticillata a 2d sp ? 

603. TOPOBEA Aubl. J. V. Drepanandrum 
Neck 793, diff. 556, cal. camp. 6cuspid. ad basi 
calic. involucro 4partito, pet. 6 ineq, stam. 12 
incurva connivens, stylus declinatus, stig. capit. 
6sulc. bacca spongiosa 61oc. involucro obvol. cal. 
deciduo non coronata. Sarment. Jl. axiL 
Type T. parasitica Aubl. t. 189. Mel. do auct. 
M. involucrata is peiTiaps a 2cl sp. and all the 
doubtful dodecandrous sp. may be refered to it 
till better known, such as M. patens Sw, nivea 
and setinoda Kunth &,c. 

604. SAVASTANA Necker 795, Tibouchina 
Aubl. J. V. (n. barb) diff. 556, cal, 5fid.,basi 
squamis calicul. pet. ineq. 1 major, filam. incur- 
vis, anth. bicornis, stylo 5gon. stig. acutum,caps. 
olocul. ovalvis libera. Frut.fl. axil of family 
RHKXIDES, Type Sav. aspera Raf. Tib. do Aubl, 
177. V. Melast. aromatica Vahl, P. Rhexia as- 
pera W. Pers. put in 2 Genera by Persoon ! 

605. RHEXIA L, this G. has been greatly in- 
creased also by throwing into it all the capsular 
Melastomas and even Osbeckia, Kunth has 27 
sp. those of N. America and akin form a natural 
genus by calix like a bottle 4toothed, 8 stamens 
&c ? all the others must be removed, 



CEXT. VII. 101 

606. EmvNEs Raf. (n, myth) diff. Rhexia, 
cal. tubulosus tereto ident Type E. bonplandi 
Raf. Rh. do K. 

607. A LI KAN A (Ad) diff. Rhcxia, cal. campan. 
ut Melast. 5dent. starn. 10, caps. Svalvis, pet. 
5eq. Types all the decandrous Rhexias or A, 
canescens, striata, lutescens, rnontana Raf, 
(Rhex. polypetala R. P.) &c chiefly shrubs. Very 
near to Acisanthera. All the G. Rhexia was 
called Alifanus by Adanson. 

608. BOLINA Raf. (nymph) Bertolonia Radi 
non Raf, 1814, diff. Rhexia, cal. angular 5gonus, 
stam. 10. B. divaricata, excelsa, conferta &/c 
put in Rhexia by Kunth, trees and shrubs. 

609. OSBECKIA L, this G. lately deemed doubt- 
ful has been well settled by Smith, the main dif- 
ference from Rhexia being the small doubl^alt. 
teeth of calix, but it has also 8 or 10 stam. and 
calix of several shapes, which must be subg. at 
least until increased. Real Osbeckia, cal. in- 
fund. 8dent, 1 minor, pet. 4, stam. 8 Types O. 
chinensis, zeylanica, and perhaps ornata, but 
this called Rh. inconstans by others has perhaps 
ovary free ? how is the calix ? see 4 next G. or 
subgeneuar 

610. KADALIA Raf. diff. Osb. cal. lOd. 5 sq. 
pet. 5, stam. 10. Types Osb. antennina, TO- 
tundif. Smith, African plants like 3 next. *Ka- 
dali was Osbeckia in Adanson. 

611. DEROSIPHIA R. (neck tuGe) diff. Osb. 
cal. basi ventric. apice tubuloso elongato lOd. 
pet. 5, stam. 10 Tvpe Osb. tubulosa Sm. 

612. HEDUSA Raf, (nymph.) diff. 611. cal. to- 
to tubul. tereto Type Osb. grandiflora Sm. 

613. DUPINETA Raf. (boO diff. 611. cal. toto 
campan. ut in Melastoma sed lOd. 4c. Type 
Osb. multrflora Sm. 



102 1YLVA TELLUR. 

614. QUIRINA R- (nymph) diff. Cuphea, caps. 
21oc. petalis minutissimis. rut. /Z. supraxil 
one of the G. blended in Cuphea with caps, uni- 
loc. petals unequal. 

615,' Quirina microphyla R. Cuph. do 
Kunth, frut. scabra, fol. obi. lane, acutis, fl. su- 
prax. secundis albis Shrub of Mexico. 

610. BERGENIA Raf. diff. Cuphea petalis ineq. 
Type C. siphilitica K. plant. Bergenia was 
Necker's name for G. Cuphea. 

617. ENDECARIA Raf diff. Cuphea, cal. tubul. 
calcarato vel basi gibboso, Gdent. petalis 2 un- 
dulatis superis, inferis nullis, stam. 11. foL op- 
positis, fl. axil. 

618. Endecaria coccinea Raf. Cuphea Lla- 
vea b. reg. 1386 fol. ovato lane. acum. ped. 
axil. l-3fl. nutans, pet. obov. coccineis Mexico. 

619. MELVILLA Anderson, diff. Cuphea, cal. 
arcuato infundib. ringens ineq, 6dent. petalis 
nullis, stam. 12 declinatis ineq. caps. Hoc, pla- 
centis 2 centralis. fol. alt. fl. racemosis. 

620. Melmlla speciosa And. R. Cuphea mel- 
villa b. reg. 852. fol. ov. lane, scabris subsess. 
racemis term Guyana, red flowers. 

621. WOODFORDIA Sal. diff. Grislea and Ly- 
thrum, cal, clavato tubul. arcuato 6-12dent. pet. 
6-12 extus glandulis 6-12 oppos. intus basi cal. 
nectario 6-12fidus staminif. stam. 6-18, antheris 
peltatis. Frut. fol. oppos. fl. term. very dis- 
tinct G. one of the dozen shuffled in Lythrurn by 
Linneus. 

622. Woodf. floribunda Sal. par. 42, Ly- 
thrum fruticos. L. Grislea toment. W. auct. b. 
reg. 30. fol. sess. lanceol. integris subt. toment, 
China &C* shrub with torn bark, fl. scarlet. 

623. LYTHRUM L. the herbaceous, sp. form 
many G. such as Decodon, Parsonsia, Pemphif, 



CENT. VII. 103 

Ododeca Raf. Hexarina Ra and I will add 2 
here. The incongruity was glaring, L. salica- 
via is the type of the Genus. 

624. MELTON A R. (nymph) diff. cal. tubul. in- 
fund. strictus 6-10dent. petalis 6-10, stam. 6-10 
ineq. stig. acut. caps, uniloc. oligosp. ad cal. 
erumpens, fl. alt. axil. Type M. purpurea 
Raf, Lythr. mclanium L. auct. 

625. EDITELES R. (is 2 perf,) -cliff. Lythr. cal. 
4dent. basi 2bract. calic. petalis 4, stam. 2. caps 
2ioc. fol. aft, Type E. thymifolia Raf. Lythr, 
do L. 

626. DIPETALON Raf. diff, Lythr. petalis 2 
erectis, stam. 12. <$*c G, akin to Endecaria617, 
Type D. speciosum Raf. Lythr. dipetal. L. 
auct. frut. fol. opp. ternisque sess. ovatis visco- 
sis scabris Fine shrub of S, Amer. fl. violaceous. 

627. NESAEA Jus. diff, Lythr. cal. ventric. 
4-6d. pet. 4-6, stam. 8-12, caps. 41oc. Type N. 
triflora K. Lythr. do L. and the two next shrubs, 
but Decodon united by Kunth has caps. 31oc. 

628. Nesaea speciosa K. frut. fol. sess. ovat. 
acutis, ped. ifl. fl. 12andris Brazil shrub. 

629. Nesaea salicifolia K. frut. fol. pet. lane, 
acutis ped. Ifl. 12andris Mexican shrub. 

630. BECKEA Osb. Sm. this G. has also been 
deformed by forcing N. G. into it, the original Gr. 
had cal. 5fid, pet. 5, stam. 8-10 ineq. caps, coro- 
natis 3-41oc. 3-4sp. but the 3 next G. are not 
such, all are shrubs and belong to the Myrtoi- 
des. Types B. chinensis nnd densifolia. 

631. GOMPHOTIS R. (club ear) diff. Beckea, 
cal. Slobus coloratus, pet. 5, stam. 10 eq. orar. 
concretum, stig. capit. caps. 5loc. 

632. Gomphotis saxicola R. Beckea do 
Hook. b. m. 3160, fol. oppos. imbric. obov. acu- 
tis. fl. axil, and term. Australian shrub. 



JOJ SVLVA TKLLI:R. 

633. TRIPLAHINA Rat*, cliff. Ironi last, stamens 
15. Type Tr. camphorata 11. Keck, do Hook. 
b. m. 2694, fol. 4far. imbric. cuneatis punctatis, 
fl 1-2 axil, albis Australian shrub, Leptosper- 
mum differs by 20 stam. fol. alt. 

634. ALLOSTIS Raf. cliff. Beckia, stam. 5, caps, 
21oc. Type .... 

934. MURRINEA Raf. diff. B. cal. 4fid. pet 4, 
stam. 8. caps. 41oc. near next G. 

635. CujACENARaf. (n. lat.) ditf. Myrtus, cal, 
adherens 4part. pet. 4, stam. 8, bacca 21oc 
polysp. Types Cl. vacchwidcs and Myrsinoi- 
des Raf. Myrtus do Kunth, shrubs of S. Amer- 
ica quite different from Myrtles, Plinius callet 
Myrtle Cluacena. 

636. MYRTUS L. although apparently a natu- 
ral G. it has been found also anomalous, and to 
make the matter worse the G. Eugenia, Caryo- 
phylus, Zizygium, Jambolifera are proposed to 
increase it and make it absurd ; they must al 
be restored and some G. yet divided like the 
last : the anatomy of the seeds although so mucl 
thought of by some botanists, is here totally in- 
adequate, since variable forms are offered- by 
these Genera. The 31. communis has also many 
presumed varieties that are deviated species, 1 
will give 5. 

637. Myrtus italica Raf. ramis reotis, fol 
ovatolanc. acutis sess. baccis ovatis purp. Italy 
Spain <c, the var. are lusitanica, betica, im- 
bricata, laurifolia, nigra, alba, &c. 

638. Myrtus buxifolia Raf. ramis pendulis 
fol. ellipt. obt. baccis globosis violaceis Greece 
fl. small. 

639. Myrtus latifolia Raf. fol. ovatis petio 
latis Italy var. romana, tarentina &c, smallei 
shrub. 



CENT. VII. 105 

640. Myrtus lanceolata Raf. ramis diftusis 
fol. subsess. lanceol. acum. Africa &c. var. 
belgica 6fC. 

641. Myrtus angustifolia, fol, sessilib. linea- 
rib. mucronatis Africa and Asia, small leaves. 

642. PIMENTUS Raf. diff. Myrtus, cal. 4part. 
caliculatus, petalis 4, bacca 21oc. abortu l-3sp, 
dentib. 4 coronata, Jol. alt. fl. corymb, polyga- 
mis Type P. vera Raf. M. pimenta L. and 
several other sp, often blended, perhaps all the 
alternate leaved Myrtles belong here, such as 
the 5 next omitted by many; and M. gregia Sw. 
or Gregia aromatica Gaertn. is a Pimentus by 
berry 2loc. 2sp. it is a G. if it has 5 petals. 

643. Pimentus cotinifolia Raf. Myrtus do 
Burm. Plum, t, 208. Vitm. Poir. Myrtus acris 
Sw. Persoon, Arborea, fol. ovat, ellipt. corymbis 
3chot. Antilles. 

644. Pimentus geminata Raf. Burm. pi. 207. 
fol. linearib. pedunc. axil, geminatis Antilles. 

645. Pimentus triflora Raf. M. do Jaq. 
Vitm. Arborea, foL pet. obi. emarg. pedunc. axil. 
Sfloris fine tree of Carthagena, large leaves 8 
inches long aromatic ,fl. white smell of Hyacinth. 

646. Pimentus ? taurinus Raf. M, do Retz. 
Burm. zeyl. t. 62. Vitm. Eugenia laurina P. 
Arborea, fol. ovato lanceol. serrul. pedunc. race- 
mosis. Ceylon, size of Cherry tree, affording an 
odorous resin useful for palsy. 

647. Pimentus ? salignaRzf. Myrt. do Burm. 
Rumf. 2 t. 17, Vitm. fol. lineari lanceol. inte- 
gris, spicis termin, baccis sessilib. urceolatis 
Polynesia, perhaps a peculiar genus Coilom- 
phis Raf. by deep umbilic. 

648. EVANESCA Raf. diff. Myrtus. fl. dioicis 
sepe apetalis, paniculatis, how is the fruit ? 
Type JE. crassifolia R. Myrt. dioica L. auct, 

14 



106 SYLVA TELLUR. 

649. EMURTIA Raf. diff. Pimentus, bacca uni- 
loc. monosp. fol. oppos. In Pimentus the berry 
is naturaly 21oc. 4sp. although often 2sp.and 
sometimes monosp. by abortion, in true Myrtus 
it is Sloe, poly sperm Types Myrt. emarg. mi- 
crantha, guayaquilense, punicifolia of Kunth. 

650. KAKKANDELA Ad. diff. Myrtus. cal. 7fi- 
dus, pet. 7, stam. 14, bacca monosp. fol. ver- 
tic. fl. iwrymb. Type K. malabarica Raf. in 
Rheed 1 1. 13. 

651. AMYRSIA Raf. diff. Pimentus caps. 21oc. 
polysp. ut Myrtus Types Myrtus microphyla, 
foliosa, discolor, compressa and others of Kunth 
first section. 

652. OPANEA Raf. Opa Lour. diff. Myrtus, 
bacca unilocul. l-5sp. Types M. trinerma Sm. 
and billardiana K, chiefly Australian Shrubs, 
with 5 petals arid many stamens as in real Myr- 
tus,also the 2d sp. of Opa of Loureiro a tree and 
shrub. Myrtus disticha by habit and berry 3-4!oc. 
3-4sp. may be another G. or subg. Distixila or 
a Burcardia. 

653. BUUCARDIA Neck. diff. Psidium, bacca 
41ocul Types Burc. grandifl. and aromatica 
Psid. do Aubl. auct. Nelitris of Gaertn. or De- 
caspernum Forst. is another good G. out of Psi- 
dium. 

654. Psidium cuiamlus Burm. Rumf. 1 1. 49. 
Vitm. fol. ovato lanceol. lineatis ferrug. tomen- 
tosa, ped subbifl Polynesia, omitted by many 
writers, 

655. CUJHETEA Raf. diff, Eugenia, bacca uni- 
loc. monosp. non angul. sem, arillato vel ' mem- 
brana tecta Eugenia has a 4gone drupe and 
hard nut. Types 1 C. alba R. Eug, coumete 
Aubl. auct. 2 C. tomentosa, 3 mini, 4 micro- 
phyla, 5 fragrans, 6 montana, 7 multifl. 8 di- 



CENT. vir 107 

Taricata, 9 angustif. R. all Eugenias of Au- 
thors. 

656. AGUAVA Raf. diff. Eugenia, petalis 5 
concavis, bacca unil. monosp, Types A. guia- 
nensis and tomentosa Raf. Eug. do Aubl. auct. 

657. LOMASTELMA Raf. (edge crown) diff. 
Eugenia, cal. integro repando non 4fido, bacca 
globosa monosp. Type L. elliptica -Raf. Eug. 
do Sm. &,c. Australian Shrub. 

658. EPLEIENDA Raf. diff. Eugenia, bacca 
uniloc. Ssperma Type E. sinemariensis R. 
Eug. do Aubl. auct* Compare to 652. 

959. MALIDHA Raf. diff: Eugenia, pet. 5. bac- 
ca pomiformis 51oc. 5sp. Type M. aquea Raf. 
Eug, do Burm. Rumf. 1 t. 38. Vitm. fol. ovatis 
integris pedunc. 4floris. Amboyna. 

660. SEREREA Raf. diff. Bignonia, cal. urceol. 
5dent. cor. tubul. limbo piano 5part* lac. obcord. 
obliquis subeq, stylo clavato, stig. obt antheris 
sagittatis lobis divaricatis G. omitted among 
my reformed Bignonias, see 445 to 465, quite 
distinct. 

661. Sererea heterophyla Raf, Rign. do W. 
auct. B. cherere Aubl. 260, hot. reg. 1301. fol. 
simpl, binatis vel ternatis ovatobl. subcord. fl. 
panic, nutans villosis shrubby vine of Guyana, 
branches angular, flowers very large 4 inches 
long, base yellow limb scarlet. 

662. NEVOSMILA Raf. diff.Crateva, cal. cyat- 
hif. 4gonus, segm. 4 foliosis ineq. petalis 2-4 su- 
peris adscendens unguic. stam. 20-24 podogyno 
inserta declinata, stig. sess. capit. bacca 21oc. 
polysp. certainly peculiar G. name applying to 
the bad smelK Family CAPPARIDES. 

663. Nevosmila arborea Raf. Cratevagynan- 
dra L, auct. ramis scabris punct. fol, simpl. ^ 
tern. pet. ovat. acutis, racemis term, multifl 



SYLVA TELLUR. 

tree of Antilles, 12 feet high, bad smell, burning 
taste, flowers purple. 

664. CAPPARIS L. auct. notwithstanding the 
reform of Decandole in this G. and Cleome, 
much remains to be revised, and I shall give a 
sketch of my reform of 1814, chiefly on the fru- 
tescent kinds. I have divided the family also, 
calling CLEOMIDES all the G. with a dehiscent 
capsule, the podogyne exists more or less in all. 
The real G. Capparis with berries includes most 
of the species having the characters of C. spinosa. 

665. INTUTIS Raf. (n. gr.) diff. cal. dfidus per- 
sistens, pet. 4 eq. nect. 4 ovata, stam. sepe 8 po- 
dog. inserta, stig. sess. capit. clavat. bacca uni- 
loc. oligosperrna. Frutex, fol. oppos. fl. co- 
rymbosis. 2 types. 

666. Intutis ferruginea R. Cap. do L. octan- 
dra Jaq. fol. ovatolanc. subt. cinereis toment. co- 
rymbis term shrub of Guyana and Antilles, 
branches rusty, flowers white fragrant, taste 
acrid, whence called mustard shrub. 

667. Intutis amygdalina 11. Cap. do Lam. 
auct. fol. obi. lane, venosis, subtus squamosis ar- 
genteis, ped. multifl. S. America. 

668. TRICLANTJIERA R. (3Ioc. anthj difT. cal. 
rotato 4part. pet. 4 nervosis unguic. stam. 18-24 
antheris trilocularis \ bacca pedic. Hoc. sem. 
renif. Arboreis, fol. ternatis 2 types. 

669. Triclanthera corymbosa Raf. Cappa- 
paris magna Lour. $c foliolis 3 lanceol. fl. co- 
rymb, albis tree of Anam. 

670. TricL falcata R. Cap. do Lour, &c foli- 
olis 3 ovato lane, obliquis falcatis, fl. racemosis. 
Tree of Anam. 

^671. OLOFUTON Raf. (n. gr.) diff. Cap, cal. 
Sphyl. coloratus, pet. 5 obi. bacca ped. ovata 
polysperma. 

672. Qlofuton racemosum Raf. Cap. can- 



CENT. VII. 109 

toniensis Lour. &,c, fol. ovat. acum. rugosis 
Shrub of China with white flowers. 

673. PLEUTERON Raf. (n. gr.) Breynia Plum, 
diff. Capparis, gland, nect. 4. Stylo filif. stig. 
clavatum, bacca brevi pedic. Siliqua bivalvis 
torulosa family Cleomides. Many types P. 
breynia, frondosa, baduca, hastata, linearis, sili- 
quosa, comosa, torulosa, tenuis &c, all Capparis 
Li &c but some may form subg. having short 
capsules or loiig silicles. The main type P. 
breynia, is called Sandrous by Lin. polyandrous 
by fSwartz, see 695 for Breynia of Kunth. 

674. GYNOPHALIS Raf. subg. of last ? diff. by 
silicles bivalve but pulpose inside with reniform 
seeds, types C. obtusa and flexuosa, two trees of 
S. Am. blended in Cap. cynophalophora. 

675. OLIGLORON Rafr (n. gr.) diff. Capparis, 
petalis subeq. nectario lateralis fisso,bacca 3sper- 
ma Type O. zeylanica Raf. Cap. do L. 

676. CLEOME Dec. on this I must be explicit 
but concise as most of the sp. are plants, and I 
reserve my complete revision for another work, 
my Polanisia has been generaly adopted, and 
some N. G. have been proposed, Necker had 3 
fifty years ago. The -real Cleomes have a gy- 
nophore bearing 6 stamens, types Cl. 5phyla, 
Sphyla, Iphyla, <$*c: the anomalies of the blen- 
ded sp, are excessive. Peuteron, Peritoma, Stan- 
leya, Stephania, Warea, Riddelia &c, are all 
CLEOMIDES, which Nuttal wrongly changed to 
Stanleae, see also till 707. 

677. SCHEPERIA Neck. 1392,diff. Cleome,cal. 
4ph. ineq. 2 minor alt. petalis nullis, stam. 8 po- 
dog. insertis, nect. tubul. bilab. ad podog. adna- 
to, siliqua torulosa submultiloc. Arboresc. aphy- 
la r fi. corymb very distinct G. type Sh.jun- 
cea Raf. Cl. do L. auct. African tree. 



HO SYLVA TELLUR. 

678. LAGANSA Rumf. Raf, cal. camp. 4ph. 
lane. pet. 4 subeq. stam. 18-24 disco piano inser- 
ta, ovar. sess. stylo brevi, stig, obt. siliqua subul. 
sem. renif. Herba, fol. digit. &c. Type Lag. 
alba Rumf, Raf. Cleome icosandra L. Lour, 
auct. 

G79. ARIVELA Raf. diff. 678, petalis ineq. 2 
divaric. stam. 8-15 ineq. Type A. viscosa R. 
Cl. do L. auct. Is it a subgenus of Polanisia ? 

680. AUBION R. (n. gr.) diff. Cleome, caL 
3-5ph. petalis 5, stam. polyandris, siliq. filif, sem. 
liispida. Herba fol. digit Type A. chelidoni 
R. Cl. do L, auct. 

681. MELIDISCUS Raf. diff. 580, cal. lin. cilia- 
tis reflexis, pet. 4 unguic. coalitis latere fissis, 
stam. 6 ineq. incurvis disco mellifluo piano inser- 
ta, ovar ped. stig. sessile truncat. Frutex, fol. 
digit.fi. racem. Type M. gigantea Raf. Cle- 
ome do L, auct. b. mag. 3137. viridiflora Schr. 
foliolis 7 cuneatis acutis viscosis. Africa. 

682. THOTTEA Rotb. Bosc. cal. colorato 31o- 
bo, petalis nullis, disco radiato truncato stami- 
nif. stam. plura, stig. sess. siliqua 4gona. This 
G. omitted by many, is near Capparis and Cle- 
ome, the type was figured by Rotboll in act. 
Copen. 2 t. 2. 

683. TRIPLOBUS Raf. Tri-phaca Lour. Mo- 
noic. fl. masc. cal. 5fido colorato, stam. 15 bre*- 
vis. fl. fern. cal. ut masc. disco stipitato concavo 
niultiftdo, ovar. trilobo, stylo filif. stig. 31ob. 
fruct. siliquis leguminif. ternis ventricosispolysp. 
very singular G. certainly not of Leguminose 
family, nearer to Cleomides, but the triple fruit 
is a great anomaly probably type of a new fam- 
ily TRIPLOBIDES Raf. near Euphorbides and 
Sterculides. Loureiro name formed of Phaca is 



CENT. VII. 



Ill 



erroneous, he mistook the calix for corolla, and 
fruits for true pods. 

684. Triplobus cordata Raf. arbor, fol. spar- 
sis cord. acum. integris glabris, fL corymbosis 
large tree of East Africa, with yellow flowers. 

685. SCOLOSPERMA Raf. (spin, seed) diff. Cle- 
ome, cal. 5phyl. ineq, pet. 4 invol. equalis de- 
flexis, nect, 0, stam, 6 ineq. longiss. Gyno- 
phoro longissimo, stig. sess. siliqua bivajvis, pla- 
cent. 2 linearib. sem. echinata. Frutic. acul. 
foL digitalis Types several sp. blended in Cl, 
arborea, and akin, 

686. Scolosp. dendroides Raf. Cl. do Shultz, 
Hook. b. m. 3296. Cl. arborea Dec. nonHumb. 
arborea, acul. velutina, foliolis 7 lanceo], acum. 
Brazil, fl. violaceous, 

687. TARENAYA Raf. diff. last. cal. 4ph ? pe- 
talis ad basi nect. glandula. unguic. stam. subeq. 
antheris longis 21oc. siliqua teres torulosa. Her- 
ba Type T. or Cl. spinosa. 

688. HEMISCOLA Raf. diff. 687. cal. 4ph. cone, 
petalis unguis filif, disco piano gynoph. nullus, 
siliq, sessilis teres. Herba fol. ternatis 
Types H. aculeata and ornithopoides Raf. 
Cleome do auct. 

689. DIORIIVIASPERMA Raf. (2 pits seed) cal. 
4phyl. coloratus, petalis 4ineq. 2inf. unguic. cord, 
crenatis, disco 3glanduK stam. 6 declinatis su- 
pra disco, gynoph. brevis, siliqua compr. decli- 
nata* sem. sepe 12 globosis utrinque latere fos- 
sula. Herba fol. tern Type D. molacea R. 
Cl. do L. auct. 

690. SILIQUARIA Forsk. diff. Cleome, cal. 4ph. 
pet. 4 nectariferis, stam. hypog. 6 basi subcoal. 
disco piano, gynoph. 0, siliqua compr. gladiata 
recur va, sem. hirsuta. Herba jol. tern. type 
& arabica. 



SVLVA TELLUR. 

691. SIEIUJELA Raf, Aleome Neck. diff. last, 
stain, longissirais, siliquis linearib. foL simpL 
Type S. mscosa Raf. Cl. monophyla L. 

69*1. MOZAMBE Raf. cal. 4ph. patens, pet- 4 
unguic. Gynoph. longiss. ad medio stam. 4. fe- 
rens ; sepe 2 inf. coalita, siliq. obi. Jtrutic. fol. 
simpl. fl. racem very distinct G. type M. leti- 
gata feaf. Cl, fruticosa L, auct. 

293. OCTANEMA Raf. dffi, Capparis, caL 4ph. 
eq. stam. 8 a section of Kunth, akin to Peu- 
teron 673, but fruit berry, types O. angusttfo- 
lia, Mexican tree, 0, incana^crotonoideS) sea," 
brida^ all Capparis of Kunth/ 

394. MARSESINA Raf. diff. Capparis, cal. 4fid. 
equal by this akin to Isexima, many sp. in 
Kunth, all plants. 

695. PERITOMA . . . G. based on Cleome lu- 
tea of Hooker, but many anomalous sp. united; 
perhaps CL speciosissima and candelabrum 
may belong to it, they have petals 4 ung. une- 
qual secund, stam. 6 unequal hypogyne, a gy- 
noph and style, leaves digitate, . , . are they 
another G. STYLISTA Raf. akin to next. 

696. ISEXINA Raf. diff. Peritoma, cal. persis- 
tens 4fidus, petalis eq. stam. 6 eq. hypog. gynoph. 
brevissimo, siliq, obi. joL digit ^Type Is. au- 
rea Raf. Peritoma do Nut. foliolis 3-5 obi. obt. 
glabris, racemo bracteato. Plant of Origon. 

697. PERICLA Raf. diff. Peritoma, cal. per- 
sist, marcescens 4fidus, pet. 4 unguic. stam. 6 
basi monadelphis, gynoph. elong. stylo brevi per- 
sist, siliq. compr. torul. bilocul. sem. ad dissep. 
inserta. fol. integris Type P. imbricata Raf. 
Perit. simplicifolia Nut, fol. imbr. lin. lanceol. 
racemo densifloro. Origon. 

698. DISPARA Raf. Cristella Nut. cal. 4part. 
pet. 4. ung. adsc. ineq. 2 erosis major, 2 iaceris. 



CENT. VII. 113 

ftect. vagin. truncate, stam. 10-14 declin. gy- 
noph. and stylo persist, fol. tern, raceme foli- 
oso. G. akin to Polanisia, type 

699, Dispara filiformis Raf. Crist, erosa N, 
viscosa, fol. pet. foliolis 3 sess, filif. Origon fl. 
white, curious plant. 

700. WAREA Nut. cal. 4ph. color, pet. 4 ung. 
stam. 6 hypog. stig. sess. siliq. stipit. plana 21oc* 
sem. plana. Herba, fol. simpl.Jl. corymb 
given here to contrast with last. TyP es W. am- 
piexif. and cuneif. N. this is Cleome do Mg. F* 
E. Stanleya graciiis Dec. "2 ftorida plants. 



CENTURIA VIIL 

701. RIDDELLIA Raf new flora 756. (hot.) 
cal. 5phyl. color, subeq. pet. 5 ineq. sesS4 disco 
piano, stam 5-6 subeq. hypog. ovar. sess. obi, 
stig. sess. obt. siliq. lin. eompr. 21oc. dissep. valv. 
contrar. Yrut. fol. simpl. fl* extrax. fol. opo- 
sitis very distinct G, still of CLEOMIDES tribe- 
but section Septilides, seen dry. 

702. Riddellia antlphyla Raf. n. fl. 557. ra- 
mis virg. fol. lane, acutis serratis, petiolis pubesc. 
pedunc, 1ft, pet eq. virgate under shrub of Lou- 
isiana, fl. yellow, for a longer description see my 
New Flora. 

703. PoooLOBts Raf. 1817, Stanleya N. 1818 
&/c, diff. Warea, pet. ung. coalitis, nect. glandu- 
lis 4. fol, pinnattf. fl. racem. Type P, pinna- 
tifidus Raf. 1817descr. from specimens of Brad- 
bury collected 1809. 

704. ATALANTA Raf. diff. Warea, cal. Sdent. 
deciduis, pet. 4 sess. nect. 0, stam. 6 basi mo- 
nadelphis, siliq. stipit. uniloc. 2valvis, stylosa, 
fol. tern. fl. racem. bracteatis Type At. ser- 
rulata Raf. Cleome do Pursh, Nut, &c Mis* 
souri plant. 

15 



114 8YLVA TELLR. 

705. PRISCIANA Raf, cal. 4phyl. eq. persistens, 
pet, 4 unguic. stam, 6 subul. hypog. ovar. sessile 
cordato, stylo hrevis, siliq. 21oc. 2valvis, sem. or- 
bicul. planis. fol. simpl. Type Pr. capensis 
Raf. Cleorne do L. this like the other bilocular 
G. may form a Subfamily to be called P. SEPTI- 
LIOES Rafl Priscian was a medical writer on the 
Cleomes. 

706. COALISINA Ilaf. diff.Cleome, cal. eq.pet- 
4 ineq. apice coalitis, stam. 6 ineq. 2 superis cla- 
vatis sterilis, siliq. longe pedunc. Type C. an- 
gustif. Raf. Cl. do Forsk &c. 

707. MITOSTYLIS Raf. (sub. st.) difl. Cleome, 
cal. 5phyl. eq. pet. 4 eq. patens, stam. 6 eq. hy- 
pog. ovar. subsess, stylo subulate, siliq. tereta to- 
ruloso, sem. echinatis. Herba, fol. simpl. fl. 
axil. Very distinct G T yet akin to Scolosperma 
G85 by seeds &c. Type M. procumbens Raf. 
Cleome do I>. auct. with yellow fl. and perhaps 
Cl. guianensis with same habit, but petals de- 
flexed, 6 fertile stamens, pod declinate incurved 
swelled : is it another G. rather ? ONCUFIS Raf. 

708. ENDOISILA Raf. (int. vill) diff. Euphor- 
bia, periantho 4 dent, intus villosus, 4 alt. peta- 
lif. crassa subrot. antheris 2 subsessilib. stig. 3 
acutis. Frut. fol. oppos. fl. axil. very dis- 
tinct G. omitted (with a few 7 other here added) 
in my total reform of Euphorbias in Flora Tel- 
luriana 1167 to 1190, besides Lacanthis 356 r 
and in New Flora N. Am. Zalitea 999 and Apla- 
rina 992. 

709. Endoisilamyrsinites Raf. Euph. do Sw. 
&e frut. rarnosiss. fol. orbic. obov. et obi. fl. axil, 
solit. ped Shrub of Antilles. 

710. PECC ANA Haf. (hot.) diff. Euphorbia Pe- 
riantho JOfidus, 5 alt. subrot. crenatis, 5 alt. mi- 
nora tirrbin. truncata, stam. 8-10, stylis 3 bifidis 



CENT. VIII. 115 

stig, 6 acutis. Prut, fol. oppos. fl. dichot. 

711. Peccana glauca Raf. Euph. graminea 
Sw. non L. ramis trichot. fol. pet. ovat. integr, 
subt. glaucis, ped. axil, et term, dichot. paucifl. 
shrub of Jamaica 3 to 5 feet high, flowers 
small white. 

712. DITRITRA Raf. (2-3-4) diff. Euphorbia, 
periantho ventricoso, 4dent. et 4 alt. petalif. 
crassa turbin. trunc. stam. 2-3-4, antheris gemi- 
natis, stylis 3 bif. stig. 6 obt. Herb, annua foL 
opp. fl. axil. Of this G. Swartz describes 3 sp. 
under names belonging toother sp. and Genera! 

713. Ditritra obliqua Raf. E. hypericif. Sw. 
non alis, diffusa, fol. pet. ovat. obt.obliq.subserr. 
ped. alt. dich. multiff. Jamaica, fl. green. 

714. Ditritra hirta Raf. E. do Sw. and L ? 
Hirsuta, fol. pet, ovat. acum. obliq. serratis, ped. 
oppos. rnultifl. confertis Jamaica, fl. red. 

715. Ditritra rotundif. Raf. Euph. chame- 
syce Sw. non alis. procumbens, fol. pet. subrot. 
serrul. non obliq. fl. subsess. confertis Jamaica, 
fl. white. 

716. MUNCHUSIA Raf. diff. Hibiscus, cal. ext. 
lOfidus eq. reflexis, cal. int. ineq. 5fid. 3 longiora 
nervosa, petalis 5 ineq. 3 erectis, 2 deflexis ex- 
tus toment. stylo 5fido, stig. 5 capit. akin to my 
G. Diplanoma herb of Florida, the name is 
borrowed of Heister, meaning unknown. 

717. Munchusia tomentosa Raf. Hibisc. cly- 
peatus L. Sw. &c, frutic. ramis torn. fl. pet. cord, 
angul. dentic. acum. subt. toment, ped. axil, lon- 
gis unifl. Sea Shores of Antilles, shrub 6 to 8 
feet high, fl. pale yellowish. 

718. RESUPINARIA Raf. cal. ventric. 5crenato, 
cor. papil. resupinata, vex; reflex, basi subcord. 
undul. alae falc. adpr. carina falcata carinata, 
stam. diad. Leg. lin. compr. 2valv. sem. subrot. 



SYLVA TELLUR. 

ad membr. divisis. Arbor, fol. part pinn. fl. 
ax il shuffled into 3 G. distinct from all, types 
probably many of the fruticose Sesbanias, but 
the main. 

710. Resup. grandifl. Raf. Sesbania, ^Es- 
chyn. et Coronilla do auct ! fine Indian tree, fl, 
white. 

720. Ascyrum montanum Raf. A. hyperic. 
Sw. frutic. ramis dichot. compr. anceps unifl. fol. 
subs. lane. obt. glandulosis small shrub of Mts. 
Jamaica, fl. autumnal, totaly different from the 
N. American sp. of same name. 

721. FORNICARIA Raf. Periantho conico im- 
bricato, sq. muticis, nxultifl. floscul. phorantho 
paleis fornicatis flosc. includens, dorso carinatis, 
sem, cuneif. 2aristata. Frut. scandens, fol, 
oppos. simpl. fl. term. very distinct G. put 
with Bidens by Swartz. 

722. Fornicaria scandens Raf. Bidens do 
Sw. auct Vine of Mexico and Jamaica. 

723. FLUSTULA Raf. periantho imbric. ovato, 
sq. adpressis, fl. 12 flosculosis hermaphr. ad ra- 
dio paulo altior, phorantho nudo, sem. obi. pappo 
piloso. Frutex. fol. alt, fl. racem. almost 
akin to last except in phoranthe and down, yet 
put in Conyza. 

724. Flustula tomentosa Raf. Conyza arbo- 
rescens L. auct. ramis divar. villosis, fol. pet. 
lane. subt. torn, fl.secundis large shrub of Mts, 
Jamaica, fl. pale purple. 

725. MONTANOA Llave. per. 5phyl. ineq. rad. 
4-5obl. sterilis, flosc. 12-14 filif. 5fidis, paleis hir- 
sutis, sem. ovat. compr. nudis. Frut. fol. opp. 
fl. panic One of the good G. of Llave well 
named after a botanist, akin to Heliopsis, He- 
lepta &,c. 

726. Montanoa tomentosa LI. villosa, fol, 



CENT. VIII. 117 

cord, deltoideis, acutis toment. petiolis alatis 
pinnatif. panic, corymbosis pretty shrub of 
Mexico, fl. vyhite fragrant, upper leaves often alt. 
lanceolate. 

727. ZEXMENIA LI. Per. 10-12part. phorantho 
piano, paleis carinatis, rad. 10-12 ov. emarg. 
flosc. pluris 5dent. sem, compr. arista 2-3 et co- 
ronula paleacea. Frut. sarm. fol. oppos. 
akin to Forbesina (miscalled Verbesina) but 
habit very unlike; name anagram of Ximenez. 

728. Zexrn. serrata LI. fol. lane, serrat. pe- 
tiol. fl. corymb, racemosis Shrubby Vine of 
Mexico. 

729. ISMARIA Raf. (hot.) Rosalesia LI. per. 
8-10part. tereto striatis, caliculus foliosus, phor. 
nudo, flosc. tubul. 5d. stig. 2 clavatis, pappus pi- 
losus, sem, teresstriata villosa. Frut.foL opp* 
fl. corymb. akin to Cacalia, very bad name of 

Llave formed of Rosa and Halesia. 

730. Ismaria glandulosa Raf. Ros. do L. ra- 
mis virgatis, fol, petiol. ovat. subcord. supra as- 
pera subt. toment. crenatis, corymbis ax. et term, 
ped. 2-5fl. Shrub of Mexico. 

731. CALOSTIMA Raf. fl. tel. 589. Dioica, fl. 
masc. basi convexus, limbo patens 5fid. stam. 5 
periginis, antheris 31oc. nect. centralis cyathif. 
fl. fern. cal. 4lob. ineq. ov. compr. stig. sess. mul- 
tif. colorato, Fruct. cal. baccans 41ob. sem. 1 ni- 
grum. Arbor, acul. fol. alt. fl. spicatis very 
distinct G. from Urtica, now better described, of 
family BASELLIDES. 

732. Calostima aculcata Raf. Urtica baccata 
L. auct. fol. pet. cord, ovatis serratis glabris, 
aculeatis, spicis multifidis tree 20 feet high of 
S. Amer. and Antilles. 

733. STREPSILOBUS Raf, (twisted pod) cal. 
5dent petalis 5, stam. plura 20-24 libera, stylus 



118 SYLVA TKLLUR. 

filiformis contortus, Leg. maximum longissim. 
compr. varie contorto et spiralis 2valv. plurisp, 
sem. orbic. dura, Scandens arborea, foL 
con jug. cirrhosis fl. spicatis one of the many 
G. blended in Mimosa of L. but with habit quite 
peculiar. 

734. Strepsilobus scandens Raf. Mimosa do 
Sw. non L. altissime scandens, ramis ciavatjs 
striatis, foliol. 4jug. obi. obt. emarg. spicis axil, 
longiss very singular Vine of Antilles &c, 
climbing over 100 feet high, ft. greenish, pods 
from 6 to 8 feet long ! 

Many other G. must be established among the 
Mimosas, the labors of Wildenow and Decan- 
dole not being perfect yet, but a complete revisal 
would be arduous, I shall merely indicate about 
20 additional Genera very concisely, see till 756. 

735. PERIMA Raf. (n. ind) diff. Strepsiloba, 
stam. 10, leg. rectum, carinatum P. odorata 
Raf. Mimosa scandens L. Pers. et auct. ind. 
Rheed 8 t. 32, Rumf. 5 t 4. Scandens debilis, 
ramis teres. foliolis 2jugis ovatobl. acut India, 
smaller Vine, fl. yellow fragrant, pods also very 
long 3 to 7 feet. 

736. POPONAX Raf. cal, tubul. 5dent. cor. 
5dent. stam. monad. leg. teres, rostrato extus 
carnosus, intus mellifluos, sem. obov. &c, types 
P, tortuosa Raf, Mirn. do L. auct. Acakia do 
W. D. and probably P. farnesiana <$*c. 

737. LOMOPLIS Raf. diff. Acakia, leg. ellipt. 
obtuso membranaceo, margine aculeato. Ar- 
busc. fol. bipinn* fl. capit. panic, albis, types 
L. ceratonia and acantholoba R. Acakias do of 
Authors. 

738. GUMIFERA Raf. diff. Acakia, leg. compr. 
monilif. segm. orbic. compr. Isp. Types A. 
vera, arabica. nilotica and several other sp. 



CENT. VIII. 119 

139. SPIROLOBA Raf k diff. Ingaria {Inga) by 
pods compressed and twisted as in Strepsiloba 
Types T. fastuosa Raf. Jnga do W. 2 T. un- 
guis R. Mimosa unguiscati L. 3 71 bigemina 
M. do L. and others, circinalis, cinerea, tortilis. 

740. SENSITIVA Raf, diff. Mimosa, cal. infund. 
3-4dent, petalis nullis, stam. 3-41iberis leg. artic. 
many sp. blended in M. pudica^ sentitiva &c, 

741. HEMIDESMAS Raf. diff* Desmantbus W, 
stam. 5 non 10 Types D. plenus, diffusus &c. 

74$. ENTADA Rail diff. Acakia fl, apetalis de- 
candris foL cirrhosis, fl. racem. Type E. 
cirrkosaR.Mim. entada L. 

743. SENEGALIA Raf. diff. Acakia,'leg. stipiU 
brevis ellipt. membr. compr. 2-3sperm. S. tria- 
cantha Raf. Mim. senega! L. 2 retusa &c. 

744. PANTHOCARPA Raf. neog. 8. cal. ineq. 
5d. pet. 5 ineq. stam. plura, leg. tereto recto- 
multiloc. polysp. sem. obi. AcuL fl. capitatis. 

745. Panthocarpa chionacantha Raf. Mim. 
do fl. lud, 331. Frutex, spinis gernin. niveisdi- 
vergens capitulis globosis, leg. glutinosis Flo- 
rida and Louisiana, fl. yellow Mimosa eburnea 
is perhaps a 2d sp. or a subg. Eburnax spi- 
nalbn 21 af. 

746. SERICANDRA Raf. diff. Acakia, stam* 
plura 2-300 monadelphis, leg. piano recto corru- 
gato sinuato &c 3 types S. julibrisin, lophan- 
tha,pennatal&af. Akakia doW. auet. Julibrisin 
was a Turkish name meaning silky flower com- 
pared to a tassel of silk, owing to the long eilky 
stamens. 

747. N^LTUMA Rafl diff. Akakia, cal. 4-5<L 
cor. 4-5partita, stam. 8-10 liberis, leg. multiloc, 
compresso torto sem. septis carnosis divisis 
Type N. juliflora and N. arenosa Itaf. but 
pod only known in the first. 



SYLVA 

748. MITOSTAX R. (filif. spike) diff. Acakia, 
petalis 5, spicis filif, fl. oppos.Tyipe M. pal* 
lida Raf. A. do W. &c, near Gleditsia. 

740. FOLIANTHERA Raf. diff. Ac. corolla 5fi- 
da, stam. 10 liberis, antheris cordatis apice fo- 
liosis, leg. obi. subcompr. Type F. guianensis 
R. Mini, do Aubl. Acakia W. &c. 

750. ESCLERONA Raf. (is hard) diff. Acakia, 
cor. campanul. 5fida, stam. 10 liberis, leg. ovato 
lignoso evalve? lOsp. sem, renif. Arbor foL 
conj* pinn. fl. capit. fine distinct Genus y near 
to my G. Zaga of fl. tel. 101. 

751. Escler. montanq, Raf, Mimosa xylocar^ 
pa Roxb. cor. 100. Acakia do W. auct. Excelsa, 
foliolis 4jugis ovatobl. acut, capitulis geminatis 
^largest tree of the tribe over 100 feet high, 
valuable timber, wood hard brown. Mts. of 
Orissa. 

752. CirpARiLtA Raf. diff. Acakia, petalis 4, 
leg. lin. compr. semina arillis cupularis muDitis^ 
f'rut. foL simpl. fl. glomer. Types C, Sopho- 
rina and myrtifolia Raf. Acak. do. R. Br. austra- 
lian shrubs. Pods twisted or curved. 

703. HECATANDRA R. (100 stam.) diff. Aka- 
kia cal. 4lob, cor. 41oba, stam. pluris 100 et ul- 
tra, leg. ellipt, planuni fol. simpl. fl. spic. type 
H. suateolens, oxycedrus $c. Acakia auct. 

754. ZIGMALOBA Raf. diff. Acakia, Leg. flex- 
uoso in zigzag forma, fol. simpL fl. bract 
Type Z. sulcata Raf. Ac. do R. Br. Sm. 

755. DREPAPHYLA Raf. diff. Acak. cal. 5Iob. 
cor. 51oba, stam. indefinita, antheris bilobis, 
stylo obliquo, Leg. sessile obi. /0Z. simpl. mul- 
tinerms falcatis fl. capit types Dr. lanigera 
R. Ac. do Cuning. b. m. 2922, and Dr. multi- 
nerms II. Ac. do Dec. 

756. ANNESLIA Salisb. cal. 5fid. cor. 5part. 



CENT. VIII. 121 

stana. 200 capillaris, basi monad, unica series, 
stylo filif. stig, capit, leg. 2valv. foL bipinn. tf, 
racemo ramoso two types 1 A. falcifolia 
Sal. Gleditsia inermis L, Acakia houstonia W. 
hot. reg. 98. Mimosa do P. &c. 2 A. grandi- 
Jlora Sal. Mim. Ac. do Auctoris. G. akin to 
Sericandra, how are the pods ? 

757. ASACARA Raf. neog. 9, diff. Gleditsia, fl. 
herm. caL duplex ineq. ext, 3part, int. 3-5part, 
petalis 0, stam. 6-8. leg. ovat. obliq. compresso 
monosp. ifltus non pulposo Type A. aquattca 
Raf. Gled. monosperma W. auct. 

758. MELILOBUS Mitch. Raf. diff. Gleditsia, 
fl. dioicis polygamis ; herm. cal. 5-6part. petalis 
5-6, stam. 5-6, pistil, villoso, stigma pelt. leg. 
compressis elongatis intus pulposis polysp. fl, 
masc. eal. 4part. pet 4, stam. 7-8. Arbor spin. 

fol. pinn. fl. spicatis arnentaceisI restore the 
good name of Mitchell for all the Gleditsias, to 
this G. apparently different, if Robin's account 
is correct. The Asiatic sp. perhaps belong to 
it or form another, 

759. Melilobus Tieterophyla Raf. Gled. do fl. 
lud 332. Ramulis patulis scabris, aculeis basi 
fascic. ramosis, fol. pinn, et bipinnatis Louisi- 
ana, lurge tree 70 feet high, very distinct from 
Gl. triacanthos by long thorns surrounded with 
small ones at base, some trees are polyg. by 
herm. and male fl. others bear only female. 

760. BAUHINIA L. &c, this G. like Mimosa 
has been made up pretty much by habit of bi- 
nate leaves instead of flowers ! yet no one has 
thought to reform it, altho' some admit of Hy- 
menea, Phanera and Pauletia. I shall attempt 
to indicate such a reform and revision, see till 
767. BAUHINIA Raf. cal. 5fid. fisso decid. pet. 
5 subeq. stam. 10 ineq. liberis fertilis, leg, stipit. 

16 



122 SYLVA TELLUR. 

uniloc.2valv. polysp. foL blnatis fl. rac Types 
most of the sp. mostly trees but all must be veri- 
fied. 

761. BINARIA Raf. diff. cal. ventric. 5dent, 
stam. lOeq. Leg. sessile Type B. cumanensis 
Raf. Bauh. do K. Dec. hot. reg. 1133 &c, lobis 
ovatis acutis, fl. racemosis albis. 

762. MANDARUS Raf. diff. stam. diadelphis 
fertiles, petalis camp. Leg. stylosis brevis planin 
oligospermis Type M. or B. divaricata, acumi- 
natr, pescapra, rotundif. <c, B. utimuta AubL 
has same pod but how are stamens ? 

763. PAULETIA Cav. diff. cal, persistens 5fid. 
pet 5 unguic. stam. 10 basi monadelphis crassis 
fertiles 5alt. brevior Type P. aculeata and 
inermis Cav. Bauhinia do Pers. auct. 

764. CANSENIA Raf. diff, cal. tubul. striato 5 
dent pet. subulatis, stam. 5 longior 5brevior leg. 
longissimis Type C. or B. angulata, and to- 
mentosa ? st. monad. 

765. TELESTRIA Raf. diff. pefalis angustis, 
stam. monad. 7steriles, 3 fertiles, leg. longissimo 
piano Types T, or B. purpurea and racemosa. 

766. MONOTELES Raf. diff. stam. 9 monad, 
steriles, una libera fertilia Type M. paradoxa 
Raf. B, monandra auct. 

767. PHANERA Lour. diff. cal. 4phyl. ineq. pet* 
5 ineq. unguic. appendic. stam. 3 liberis, leg. sti- 
pit. Type Ph. scandens Lour. Bauh. do L. and 
perhaps other Vines blended in the G. 

768. CASSIA T. Neck. G, Dec. Cathartocar- 
pus Pers. Bactyrilobium W. En, very distinct 
G. of trees by terete pulpose multiloc. pods, from 
which SENNA T. N. Dec. is now removed by 
pods membr. compr. 2valv. 21oc. chiefly plants, 
but offering many anomalies and distinct G. 
which I will partly describe being seldom shrubs 



CENT. VIII. 123 

see next and 793 to 812, The types of Cassia 
are C, fistula, brasiliensis, baccilaris &c, those 
of the real Senna are S. officinalis, italica, an- 
gustifolia, marilandica &c, Bactyrilobium 
name applied in 1809 in Wild, enumer. to C. 
ituta may be given to a subgenus: Catharto- 
carpus applies better to it. 

769. HERPETICA Raf. diff. last, petalis cone, 
inferus fimbriato undul. stam. 10, sterilis 3 par- 
vis, 4 fertilia minora, 2 majoris cum antheris 
longis recurvis sagittatis, styl. recurvus, leg, 
4angul. bialata, alls cuneatis, intus septis mem- 
bran, inter semina. Frut. racemis term Type 
H, alata Raf. Cassia do L. auct, Rumf. 7. 1 18, 
and perhaps C. sericea f canca, albida, grandis, 
javanica, villosa, &c. 

770. OSKAMPIA Raf. (hot.) cal. 5part. cor. 
infund. 5fida, stam. 5. antheris x subsess. styl.cla- 
vatus, stig. capit. bacca scabra 21oc. 4sp. Frut. 
scandens, foL alt. ft. subrac Types O. scan- 
dens and hirsuta Raf. Tournefortia do L. auct. 
very dist. G. of Vines, berries not biporose. 

771. MOLUBDA R. (n. gr.) diff. Plumbago,cal. 
tubul. basi ventric. 5gon. 5sulc. Sdent. cor. in* 
fund. limb, patens 51obis emarg. nect. 5 ov. cin- 
gens subrot. stam. 5filaari. subul, stig. 5fidum. 
sem. ovat. tunicat. Frutex scandens, fl* panic 
Type M. scandens Raf. Plumb, do L. auct. 

772. Erithalis odorata Raf. arborea, fol. 
obov. fl. cymosis pedunc Antilles, small tree, rf, 
fragrant. One of the 3 sp. blended in E, fruti- 
cosa, this is the sp. of Plumier and Jaquin. 

773. Erithalis elliptica Raf. frutic. erecta, 
fol. ellipt. fl. term, cyrnis trichot. In Jamaica, 
E. frutic. of Swartz not others who says calix 
5gone lOdentate, stamens 5 to 8, inodore. 

774. Erithalis procumbens Raf. suffrut. pro- 



124 SYLVA TELLUR. 

cumbens, fol. ovatis obovatisque Caraccas, fl. 
inodore. 

775. EPHAIOLA Raf, (is brownish) cal. tubu). 
4-5fid. cor. subcampanul, apice ventricosa, lim- 
bus 4-5fid. revoluto, stam. 4-5 eq. exerta, stylus 
elong. ut stam. stig. incrass. bacca uniloc? polysp. 
Frut. fol. alt. fl. sparsis very distinct G. near 
to Opsago 281 not same as Pederlea 277. 

776. Ephalota odorata Raf. Atropa arbores- 
cens L. auct. Pederlea do see 279. Shrub of 
Antilles, fl. white odorous autumnal, leaves dark. 

777. GONUFAS Raf. (ang. cup.) diff. Celosia, 
cal. 5part. eq. stam. 5 monad, antheris inserta 
inter tubo cyathiforme 5gonus, stylus 5fido, stig. 
3, caps, circums. uniloc. polysp. Frut. fol. alt. 
fl. racem. very distinct G. to be added to my 
same revised G. in fl. telluriana where I joined 
it to Lophoxera 560. 

778. Gonufas panicul. Raf. Celosia do L. 
auct. frutic. prostrata, fol. pet, ovatobl. acum. 
racemis panic Antilles fl. white. 

779. EVERION Raf. (well wooly) diff. Goni- 
phrena, cal. 5part. eq. caliculat. sq. 2-3, stam. 5 
basi monadelphis, stylo unico, stig. capit. caps. 
Janata 2valv. monosp, sem. compr. magna. Frut. 

fol. oppos. Jl. spic. interruptis very distinct 
G. united to my Minanga 728. fl. tellur. but rec- 
tified by Swartz good account. 

780. Everion interrupta Raf. Gomphr. do 
anct. Celosia procumb. Jaq. Mur. ramis genie, 
lanatis fol. lane. obt. toment. fl. congestis lanatis 
in spicis inter. Antilles, shrub bipedal. 

781. LoRANTiits Raf. non auct, dioica, cal. 
integro obsolete adherens, cor. rotato 6part. 
segm. staminif. ad apice, bacca Isp. fol. oppos. 
racemis term. Type L. europea and other sp. 
with such characters ; but the linnean G. was 



CENT. VIII. 125 

vastly increased being made a medley of chiefly 
parasitical tropical shrubs, see till 702. 

782. MEIENA Raf. diff. cor. 5fida, stam. 5 ad 
medio cum. filam. antheris elongatis cor. longior 

foL alt. racemis axil. Type M. axillaris Raf. 
Lor. pentandra L. auct. Lor. glaucus K. belongs 
to this or next G. ff. hermaphr. in all except the 
true Loranthus. 

783. ITICANIA Raf. (n. ind.) diff. pet. 5-6 libe- 
ris, fol. opp. ft. capit. involucro Sphylo Type 
I. or L. loniceroides. 

784. HYPIIIPUS R. (cup under) diff. ovario 
caliculat. ext. urceolatus, cal. superus margina- 
lis, pet. 6 revolutis, stam. medialis, fil. jfilif. 
bacca cupula inclusa. Types H. trigona Raf. 
Lor. americanus L. auct. 2 bracteata R. Lor. 
cupulifer Kunth. 

785. ALLOHEMIA Raf. diff. 781, pet. 6 basi 
fere connata ineq. 3 alt. brevior stam. sterilia 
ferens, stam. 3 fertilia, fl. axil Types 1. A* 
purpurea Raf. Lor. occidentalis L. auct. 2 A. 
uniflora, 3 A. pedunculata, antheris append!- 
culatis. 

786. SCURRULA Raf. diff. 781, cor, 4part, 
stam. 4, fl. axil. Types 1 Sc. obovata R.Lor. 
scurrula L. auct. 2 Sc. elliptica R, Lor. tetrape- 
talus L. auct. 3 Sc. umbeilata Raf, Lor. tetran- 
dra R. P.. 

787. TAGUARIA Raf. diff. cor. 7-8part. stam. 
7-8, arboreis fl. racem. bracteatis Types T. 
xera (L, tagua) laurif. nitida, punctata, pura- 
ensis, elliptica tyc, all Loranthus do of Kunth 
or Ruiz, and Peruvian trees. 

788. ETUBILA Raf. diff. cor. tubulosa teres 
vel clavata, apex 5-6fida Types E. longiflora, 
brasiliensis, dichotoma &c, Raf. all Lor. do 
auct. 



126 SYLVA TKLLIJR. 

780. ANTRIBA Raf. diff. cal. coneavo, cor. tu- 
bulosa, tubo curvo, limbo 4fido ineq. stam. 4. 
Type A. budleoidcs Raf. Lor. do R P. auct. 

790. EPICOILA Raf. diff. pet. 5. stam. 5,bacca 
ovata supra concava. fl. corymb Type Ep. 
grandiflora R. Lor. do R. P. &c. 

701. PELTOMESA Raf, diff. stigma magno capit. 
peltato, (in omnib. alia obtuso) racemis axil. 
Type P. acuminata Raf. Lor. do R P. &c, 
Thus at least 12 G. \\ere blended in Loranthus, 
and perhaps more. The verticillate and articulate 
sp. may also form peculiar G. or groups, Kunth 
suspects the last might belong to Viscum, a G. 
very akin, with 3 or 4 stamens. 

702. GLUTAGO Com. diff. Loranthus cal. sub 
5dent. basi 2bract. cor. tubulosa latere fissa (ut 
Scevola) ligulata 5fida 5andra Type Gl. spi- 
cata Raf. Lor ? spicata auct. For some N. sp. 
of this family see appendix. 

703. ISANDRINA Raf. cal, 5ph. ineq. 3 major 
fornicata, petalis 5 ineq. unguic. uno superus 
major difforme, stam. 10 equalis, filarn* brevis 
declin. antheris incurvis eq. omnes fertiles. taeg, 
planum 2valv. intus pulposo. Arborea fol. pa- 
ripinn. racemis axil Type /. arborescent 
Raf. Cassia emarginata L. auct. How different 
from 763 and 760. The true Senna differs from 
this by cal. eq. pet. subeq. stam. ineq, 3 inf. ste- 
riles, leg. ellipt. planum membran. bialato. 

704. DISTEREPTA Raf. diff. Cassia, stajn. 7, 
fertiles 5, antheris lin. porosis, steriles 2 minuta, 
Qvar. villos. stylo crasso recurvus, leg. tereto. 
Herba fl. axiL Type D. pilosa R. Cassia do 
L. auct. name means 2 sterile out of 7. 

705. HEPTEIRECA Raf. (abrev. of Heptastei- 
rodeca) diff. Senna pet. 5ineq. vexil. duplo ma- 
jor, stam. 10, steriles 7 brevis, fertiles 3 longis, 



CENT. VIII. 127 

stylo curve fl. axilType H. glandulosa Raf. 
Cassia do Hooker b. m. 3435 non L. nee Dec. 
which is next G. fol. multis. obi. cusp. pet. 
gland, fl. solit. et gem. S. America. 

796. PIALANTHERA Raf. diff. 794. starn. 
fertiles, ineq. antheris 2 longissimis Type D. or 

C. glandulosa, L. auct. 

797. PEIKANISIA Raf, (def. uneq) diff. Senna 
cal, ineq. pet. stibeq. 2 inf. major, stam. anoma- 
lis 6, filam. 3 divisis 2fertilis, Isterilis, filam 3 
connexis 2 steriles, 1 fertiles, antheris totalis 3 
fertiles rostratis major, stig. acut. sessile, leg. 
falcate, fl. axil. very singular G. and anoma- 
lous stamens forming a good G. in the Cassias 
Type St. averstftora Raf. Cassia do Hook. b. 
m. 2638. fol. 7jugis obov. ped. 2fl. divaric 
Brazil, large yellow flower. 

798. DITREMEXA Raf. (2 holes 6) diff. Senna 
petalis ung. ineq, starn. 10 fertilis 6, antheris 
arcuatis biporosis, sterilis 4 minor, stig. dilatato 
sulcato, leg. lin. compr. falcatis ft. term Types 

D. fetida and varolimana, blended in Cassia 
occid L. auct. also C. ligustrina and several 
others. 

799. XAMACRISTA Raf. diff. Senna, pet. ineq. 
2 sup. minora. stam. lOineq. fertiles, 3 longior, 
antheris omnes angul. biporosis, fl. axil Types 
X. triflora Raf. Cassia chamaecrista L. auct. 
and several other herbaceous sp. 

800. EMELISTA R. diff. Cassia, cal. ineq. 2 
maj. pet, subeq. stam. 10, sterilia 4 sup. castra- 
tis> fertiles 6 ineq. 4 major, 2 inf. deflexa, anthe- 
ris biporosis, stylus subul. recurvus. Leg. tereto 
augulat. curvum Herba, fl. axil Types E. or 
C, obtusifolia. 



138 SYLVA TELLtm, 



CENTURIA IX. 

801. DIALLOBUS R. (2 diff. pod) diff. Senna, 
cal. eq. nervosis, pet. ineq. nervosis eraarg. stain* 
6-9, omnis fert. ineq. 2-3brevior antheris 4gonis 
birostratis biporosis, stylo brevis, Leg. biforinia 
teres and compr, sinuato vel falcato vel recto./?* 
axil singular G. by the cbange of pods on the 
same plant, including perhaps several G. I des- 
cribe the flowers on our American Cassia to* 
raides, the shrubby C. bicapsularis may be dif- 
ferent, nay some mention bilocular pods. Types 
C. thora,a.nd bicapsul,\\\\\\ several sp. blended 
with them, 3 of which I now give. 

802. Diallabus uniflorus R. Cas. bicaps. 
Miller &c. diff.annua, fl. solit. parvis, leg. tenuia 
\ntilles, Madera. A 2d sp. is D. sunsub. R% 
Cas. do Porsk, Vitm, Arabia. 

803. Diallobus falcatus R. Cas. toroides R 
med. fl. Cas. thora of Am. bot. fol. Sjugis obov, 
ciliatis, glandula pedic. ped paucifl. leg. falcatis 
compr. Carol. Kentucky &c, large annual, 

804. NICTITELLA Raf. diff. Senna, pet. inf. 
major,stam. 5-9 ineq. 3 major, omnis fertiles,leg. 
compr. membr. recto non alato several types 
N. amena (C. nictitans,) N* aspera, N. mimo- 
soides? &,r. 

805. SCOLODIA R. (sp. dent) diff. Senna, cal. 
Sphyl. subeq. pet. 5ineq. 4 ung. minor, 1 infer* 
major concav. stam. 10 ineq. 3 post, sterilia, 7 
fertilia, 6 minora 1 deflexa, antheris rostratis, 
ovar, stipit. deflex. recurv. styl. brevis, stig. obt* 
Leg. breve planum 2valv. uniloc. Frut. scan- 
dens, fol. part pinn. fl. ax. racem. Type Sc. 
viminea Raf. Cassia do L. auct. 

800. PANISIA R. (quite uneq) diff. Cassia, cal. 
eq. petalis omnis ineq. unguic. stain. 10, sterilis 



CKNt. IX. 

3 inf. spatulatis, fertiles 7 ineq. 3 sup. major aft- 
theris longis apex mucrone linguiforme, 4 media 
brevior antheris muticis, ovar arcuato, stig. ses- 
sile acut. Leg. compr. falcato multiloc. subartic\ 
sem. obliqua renif. Arborea fl. axil Type P. 
biflora Raf. Cassia do L. auct. Lind. b. reg, 
1310 S. Amer. tree. 

807. ADIPERA R. (not 2 def.) cal. 4part. ineq* 
2 major interna alt. pet. 5 ung. eq. stam. 1 pef- 
fecta declinata, cetera effosta sterilia, ovar. un- 
cinat./7. axil calix quite different from others* 

808. Adipera herberli Raf. Cassia do Lind, 
b. reg. 1422. fol. subbijug. lane. subt. pubese* 
ped. multifi. Antilles- 

809. OPHIOGAULON Raf. diff. Senna, cal. eq, 
pet. ineq. cone, stani. brevis 5 steriles, 5 fertilea 
quorum 3 major deflexa, anth. lin. stig. villoso 
marginaturn. Herba^ fL extraxil Type O, 
serpens Raf. Cassia do L. auct. 

810. TAGERA R. subg. of Senna, diff. by pod 
elongate, compressed not winged, such are T< 

fiii for mis Raf Cas. tagera L. auct. shrub of In- 
dia, and also Cas. absus, 4phyla, glauca, and 
other sp. But there are othsr subg. to frame, 
the sp. with terete pods must be subg, TERELE- 
GtiSj such are C. corymbosa, crassifolia, linearis 
&c, the sp. with torulose pods must be TRANS- 
VERSULA, such are C. chinensis, torula &c-~ 
while C. ruscifolia with pod rostrate pulpose, 
must be ROSTELLA. 

811. DIPLOTAX R. this G. differs from all by 
long terete slender pods with seeds in a double 
row, but 1 lack the other characters Type D. 
arborescens R. Cas. do and frutescens auct. 

812. OCTKLISIA R. (8 perf.) diff. Senna, pet, 
ineq. stam. 8 fertil. 4 longior, 2 slerilia brevis, 
leg. falc. compr. race mis axil. 

17 



130 SYLVA TELLtTR. 

813. Octet. aureaRaf. Cassia purpurea Edw. 
b. reg. 850. fol. 8-9jugis lane, pilosis Bengal, 
golden flowers. 

814. TIIYRSOSMA Raf. diff. Viburnum, cal. 
campanul. 5lobus, cor. rotata subhypocrat, disco 
glanduloso conico stigma 3gono ferens. fl. thyr- 
soideisa, fine distinct G. even if Viburnum 
should not be divided in Opulus, Lentago and 
other subgenera proposed by me in 1820, by 
flowers radiate or uniform, stigma simple or 
trilobe. 

815. Thyrsosma chinensis Raf. Viburnum 
odoratissimum Edw. b. reg, 456 fol, ellipt, co- 
riaceis perennis, margine reffexo vix dentato, 
thyrso brachiato trichotomo evergreen shrub 
of China, flowers uniform white, fragrant like 
Olea fragrans. 

816. PnYLLiREA,Wildenow had only 3 sp, as 
Linneus, yet in a subsequent work Enumer. 
plant, he has ascertained that all the presumed 
varieties were specific deviations, and called 
them Ph. virgata, levis, obliqua,pmdula, olei- 

folia, ilicifolia. All shrubs of South Europe. 

817. BENTHAMIA Lindl. non Rich, ad Cynox- 
ylon vel Corrnts florida differt, drupis concre- 
tis, fructus globoso intus carnoso ut Morus ? 
very singular G, uniting the CORNIDES with NAU- 
CLIDES, very near to my subg. Cynoxylon of 
med. fl. 1828, and Lindley even asks if the type 
C. florida has not the same fruit, no such thing. 
The Benthamia of Richard is Herminium of 
others. 

818. Benthamia fraglf era L. b. reg. 1579. 
Cornus do Wall, t 214, fol. fol, opp. lanceol. in- 
vol. 4 ovatis acutis lutescens, fruct. roseo basi 
umbil. Tree of Ava, fruits like strawberries. 

819. Amphione splendens Raf. Ipomea do 



CENT. IX. 131 

Sims b. m. 20*28, Letsoma Hortis Fol. ovat. in- 
tegris subtus argent, ped. axil, nmltifl. shrub of 
East Indies to be added to my Gr. Amphione fl, 
tel. 1031 by flowers tubular 4* c > incarnate. 

920. ACUSTON Raf. (n. grec.) diff. Lunaria 
and Farsetia, cal. adpr. vix sacato, pet. unguic. 
integris patulis, stam. brevis basi dent, stylo 
teres, stig. capit. silic. ellipt. toment. planis, sem. 
paucis, rotundo-cord. alatis nearer to Adyse- 
ton Ad. based on Alyssum alpestre, than to the 
G. united to. Farsetia has bisacate calix and 
-orbic. silicle. 

821. Acuston lunar oides Raf. Alyssum do 
W. P. Farsetia do Br. Dec, b. mag. 3087. Lu- 
naria greca Wild. En. Sufrutic. fol. incanis 
obi. spat, undul. fl. subspic. sulfureis Shrub of 
Greece. 

822. Acuston ? clypeatum Raf. Alys. do L. 
&/C, Lunaria canescens W. en. oriental plant, 
perhaps a subg. by petals linear acurn. silicles 
obliqual, Plagidon Raf. Lunaria suffrutic. 
Vent. &c is perhaps a 3d sp. with obovate silicles. 
The G-. Ganblum, Adyseton, Aubrieta &c of 
Adanson are akin and not well refered by De- 
candole. 

823. CISTUS L. one of the most prolific Gr. di- 
vided in 2 G. 3 subg. and 9 sections in Decandole 
not always well named ; but many good G, are 
yet hidden in it and Helianthemum ! some of 
which will now be indicated but of a labor of 
mine on them as early as 1812 the real CISTUS 
Raf. has cal. 5part. subeq. caps. 5 loc. 5v, a style 
&/c, Trees and Shrubs, C, salvif. creticus and 
akin. 

824. LADANUM Raf. diff. Cistus, caps. lOloc. 
lOvalv. stig. sessile Type L. verum Raf. C. 
ladanifera L, &c. and the akin species. 



SYLVA TKLLUR. 



825. STROBON Raf. (n. gr.) diff. Cistus, cal, 
ineq. vel. duplex, ext, min. 2ph. intern. 3phyl. 
maus. Thus calix of Anthelis, but fruit of Cis- 



maus. 

tus, types 1 Str. or C. halimifoliumft. Str. ragi- 

natum Raf. Cistus do Jaq. vel symphitif. Lam. 

826. LIBANOTIS Raf. diff. Cistus, cal. 3phy- 
lus eq. Types L, umbellata Raf. C. libanotis 
auct. 2 L, C. popiilifolius &c. 

827. ANTIIELIS Raf. 1813 Chloris Etnensis. 
Helianthemum T. J. auct. Psistus Necker, diff, 
Cistus cal. ineq. caps, uniloc. many sp. and sec- 
tions, the C. helianthemum L. is the main type. 
I have shown since 1813 that this name quite 
identic with Helianthus ! could not be generic. 

828. STEGITRIS Raf. diff. Anthelis, cal. 3phyl. 
equalis thus as Libanotis from Cistus, types 
St. or C. calicinus, algarmense, lasianthus, 
atripliclf. &c. 

829. FUMANA Raf. diff. Anthelis, caps. Slocul. 
Types 1 F. minor Raf. C. H. fumana auct. 
besides F. levipes, ftrruginea, polifolia^ cana- 
riensis <fyc. 

830. XOLANTIIES Raf. 1810, diff. Anthelis, 
stain. 8-12, stig. sessile trifido vel trilobo, inter- 
dum fl. apetalis clandestinis, Types X. gut- 
tatus and some other herbaceous sp. besides the 
next. 

83L Xolanthcs rcicemosa Raf. car. p. 74, t. 
18 fig. 1. Herb. ann. villosa, fol. sess. lanceo). 
3nervis acutis, racemis term. ineq. iricurvis. fl. 
nutantib Mts. of Sicily, small annual plant, with 
small petals often abortive and thus apetalons, 
and calix hardly opening, although perfect sta- 
mens and seeds. 

832. HOR \NTIIES Raf. Lecheoides Dec, diff. 
Anthelis, stam. 12-20, stig. sessile see my New 
Flora 549 for the distinctions of this and Anthe- 



CENT. IX. 133 

Us, it appears to incluee all the American sp. 
the other G. being foreign to America ; many 
sp. and I added 2. H. podanisia and arena- 
ria 550, 551 All these 67 have 5 petals, while 
Lvchea chiefly differs by having only 3 thus Hel. 
tripetala of Mexico in my l^echea mexicana.. In 
first vol. of my New Flora 1 have given a com- 
plete Monograph of l^echea, all plants, including 
21 species, of 3 subgen- Menandra, Ltechea, 
Eudiexa, which see. IJosc says Lechea has pe- 
tals 1 to 3 or none, 3 to 6 stamens &c. 

833. PSISTINA Raf. diff. Anthelis, stylus elon- 
gato flexuoso, several sp. see Decandole. 

834. BENZOINA Raf. cal. camp. 5denL cor. 
campan. 5gona, 5dent. sericea, stam. 10 basi mo- 
nadelphis, ovar. arist. stig. obt. Type 13. vera 
Raf, Styrax benzoina L. auct. It is said the 
Terminalia benzoe also produces Benzoin, Sty- 
rax differs by cor. 5fid not angular, stam. about 
12 free, ovary 3ioc. polysp. but ovules abortive 
except 1 to 3, 

835. LAURUS L. many G. have properly been 
removed from this, Persea, Sassafras, Cryp- 
tocarya &c, but many others require revision, 
and I will indicate some N. G. Laurus nobilis 
deemed the type has cal. 4-8parted, x stam. 8-14, 
fl. dioical &,c, see 861. 

836. OZANTHES Raf. (branch bloom) diff. 
Laurus, fl. dioicis, masc. 6part. stam. 15, ferti- 
les 9, 6 opp. and 3 centralis, filam. planis, an- 
theris adnat. biloc. 2 porosis valvularis, steriles 6 
alt. ut glandulis pedunc. fl. fern, glandulis 3 ses- 
silib. ovar, conico, stylo tereto. Fol. alt. decid. 
fl. agreg. invoL 4phyL drupis nudis Type 

Oz. benzoin Raf. Laurus do L. auct. and per- 
haps some others of next. Flowers before leaves. 

837. EVOSMUS Raf. (subg. Nut.) diff, Ozan- 



I'M SVLVA TELLUU. 

thes, fl, polyg. umbel, fil. teres, antheris 41oc. 
stain, ster. geminatis ad iriternis affixis f* c - 
Type Ijfiurus estivalis,diospyros,geniculata. 

838. SASSAFRAS Dec. cliff. Ozanthes, stam. 
ster. nullis in fl, masc. antheris ineq. 4locul. fl. 
corymb, fol. lobatis Types S.rubra and albi- 
da once blended in Laurus sassafras. 

839. PERSEA Plum. G. diff. Ozanthes, stam. 
18, steriles 9 ut glandulis ped. drupa carnosa, 
nux rugosa membrana involuta Type P.edulis 
or Laurus persea L. 

840. BALANOPSIS Raf. diff, Laurus cal. per- 
sistens cupularis tntegris ..../?. paniculatis 
herm. very distinct G. by fruit like Acorn, fl. 
not yet well described, several types B. or L. 
cassia, and cupularis, this includes 2 blended 
sp. of Guyana. 

841. Balanopsis acuta Raf. fol. ovatis utrinq. 
acutis, cupula truncata. 

842. Balanopsis elliptica Haf. fol. ellipt. 
utrinq. obtusis amplis, cupula truncata. 

843. NECTANDRA Rotb. diff, Laurus, cal. per- 
sistens turbin. basi fruct. cingens Globato, fl. ra- 
cemosis akin to last but different habit, 2 types 
both of Guyana. 

844. Nect. sanguinea Ilaf. Laurus do Sw. 
auct. 

845. Nect. filiformis Raf. bijuna Rotb. L. 
surinamensis W. auct. 

846. AJOVEA Aubl. Raf. diff. Laurus, cal. con- 
cav. ineq. Gfid. dent. 3 alt. brevior, lac. Salt, pe- 
talif. stam. Gfertiles, stigma Gfid. bacca uniloc 
yet this very distinct G. was united to Laurus! 
Type A. guianensis \ubl. t. 120. Laurus hex- 
andra Sw. auct.. 

847. TRIPLOMKIA Raf. diff. Laurus, cal. fruct. 



CENT. IX. 135 

vix tecto, stam. fertiles 3 Type Tr. montana 
Raf. Laurus triandra Sw. atict. 

848. DIPLIATHUS Raf. (double cup) diff. Lau* 
rus, cai. persistens duplex, cupula ext. Glob. ineq. 
cupula mterna Integra. 

849. Dipliathus angulata Raf. Laurus Cer- 
vantesi Kunth,ramis 5gonis, fol. petiol. obi. acum. 
obtusis, ped. axil, multifl. tree of Mexico. 

850. ENDOCARPA Raf. diff. Laurus, cal. tubul. 
persistens, 6fidus eq. stam. 12, steriles 3 int. 
glandulis 3 alt. drupa in cal. tubo baccato in- 
cluso. 

851. Endocarpa corymbosa Raf. Cryptoca- 
ria dubia Kunth, fol. ovat. ellipt. obt. reticul. ve- 
nosis glabris, corymbis axillaris Tree of Bo- 
gota, not a Cryptocaria of R. Brown. 

852. CINNAMOMUM Raf. diff. Laurus, ft. herm. 
cal. Opart, alt. ineq. stam. 9 .... fol. oppos. 
Snervis the Cinnamon Trees are not yet well 
distinguished, there are 5 at least, the flowers 
must be better described. 

853. Cinnam. angustifoliv Raf. fol. obi. 
lane, panic, fol. brevior large tree of Mindanao, 
Berneo &/c, stem streight with green smooth 
bark, Wild Cinnamon. 

854. Cinnam. multifl or a Raf. fol. lato ellipt, 
panic, fol. longior the broadleaf Cinnamon o 
Molucas. 

855. Cinnam. culiban Raf. Laurus do L. fol. 
ovatobl. acute acumiriatis subtus cinereis Mo- 
lucas (fee. 

856. Cinnam* zeylanica Raf. fol. ovatobl. ob- 
tuse acumin. subtus albescens, nervis canis the 
real Ceylon kind. 

857. CAMPHORA Raf. diff. Laurus ft. herm. 
cal. 6part. stam. 15, sterilia 6, fert. 9, antheris 
apice 4valvis ? fol. alt. trincrvis The Cam- 



136 SVLVA TELLUR. 

phor trees are also sadly blended and not dis* 
tinguished, the flowers are figured in Jaquin, but 
I have not the work. 

858. C amphora vera Raf. fol. ovatolanceol. 
baccis rubris Sumatra, Borneo &,c. 

859. Camphor a japonic a Raf. fol. lato lan- 
ceol. baccis luteis, Japan. 

8GO. Camphora angustifolia II. fol. lin. lan- 
ceol. baccis rubris-r Molucas. 

86J. Laurus angusta Raf, L. nobih's var. 
fol. lanceolatis plants Sicily, Greece &c. 

862. Itaurus nobllis L. &c. fol, latolanceol. 
undulatis.--Real ilay tree. 

863 Laurie? ludooicia-naJ{,&f. fl. lud.71. ar- 
boreus, fol. petiol. obi. subtus glaucis, fl. panicul. 
baccis nigris Louisiana, tree 30 to 40 feet high, 
evergreen. Forming a subg. MUSTAX by fl. 
white oparted? perhaps other characters in flow- 
ers, and a real Genus. 

861. DAMBUKNKYA Raf. (hot.) difF. Laurus fl. 
hertn. cal. colorato rotato subeq. Gpart. stanru 6 
fertil. ncctarium 3fido ovar< cingens. fol. perm, 
fl. panic. Type />, maritima liaf. Laurus ca- 
tesbei Mx.'auct. fl. white, berries black, small 
shrub. 

865. TAMAI.A Raf. (n. ind) diflT. Laurus fl. 
polyg. cal. ineq. 6part. lac. alt. internis duplo 
major, stain. G fert? 6 steriles, fruct. basi cal. 
persistens baccans. Yol. peren. (tit. umnervis, 
pedttnc. multifl several types onco blended in 
L. horbonia. 

866. Tarnala borbonia Raf. arbor ea, fol. 
amplis lanceol. subt. pubesc. ped. coryrnbosis, 
drupis aureis Antilles. 

867. Tamala carolinensis Raf. arborea, fol. 
ovato lanceol. supra lucidis, subtus glaucis gla- 
briusc. coriaceis, drupis ceruleis Carol. Flori- 



CENT. IX, 137 

da, fifty feet high, flowers pale yellow. 

868. Tamala palustris Raf. frutesc. fol. lan- 
ceol. subtus pallidis pubescens, pedunc. paucifl. 
fascicul. drupis ceruleis Shrub 8 to 10 feet 
high, with the last, but in swamps. 

859, Tamala acuminata Raf. Arborea, ra- 
mulis, ped. pet, et nervis rufis pubescens, fol. 
longe lane, basi acutis, apice acum. obt Lou- 
isiana and Texas, tree 30 feet high, leaves 5 to 8 
inches, fl. whitish, seen dry. 

870. LINDERA Th. auct. cal. Gpart. stam. 6 
epigynis ! ovar libero, stylo, stig. 2 refl. caps. 
21oc. fol. alt. fl. umb. Altho' akin to Laurels, 
this G. belongs to my MEBORIDES by stamens 
and fruit, it is also akin e to Lerchea L. by pistil, 
but this has a corolla not staminif. as Ericoides 
and united stamens. 

871. Lindera umbellata Th. ramis flex, fol. 
pet.^ovatobl. integris subtus villosis, umb. term. 
Shrub of Japan. 

872. KNEMA Lour, dioica, fl. m. cal, col. 3fid. 
fllam. unico, antheris 10-12ferenS, fl, fern. cal. 
trunc. pers. stig. sessile dent, bacca mollis mo- 
nosp. arillata, fol. alt. fl. panic probably of 
LAURINES family, although akin to some mo- 
nosperm Euphorbides. 

873. Knema bicolor Raf. fol. pet. lane, gra- 
bris integris large tree of Anam, flowers brown 
outside, orange inside, berries red. 

874. LINOCIERA Schr. diff. Chionanthus,stam. 
2 basi coalitis, bacca 21oc. 4sp. Type L. ligus- 
trina Raf. Thouinia do Sw. Chion.do Pers.&c, 
fol. lane, panic, term Shrub of Jamaica, 

875. TETRAPILUS Lour. cal. camp. 4fid. cor. 
camp. 4sulc. 4fida lac. concavis, stam. 2 brevis, 
stig. bif. bacca biloc. polysp. fol. opp. fl. spic. 
dioicis akin to last and Ligustrum. 

18 



138 iYLVA TELXUR, 

876. Tetrap. axillaris Raf. fol. ovatolanc, 
subdent. spicis axil Shrub of Anam. 

877. IREON Burm. Bosc. cal. 5part. pers. pe- 
talis 5, stam. 5, antheris gibb.osis, stylo tereto, 
stig. 3fido, caps. 3gona 31oc. 3valv. Fol. subvert, 
fl. term. akin to Clethra? habit unlike. 

878. Ireon ciliatum Raf. arbusc. fol. subul. 
ciliatis glandul, fl. term. 3-6 small shrub of 
South Africa. 

879. KANDENA Rh. Bosc. Raf. cal. 4fid. stam. 
4 inclusis, stylo, stig. capit, bacca uniloc. nucib. 
2. Fol. opp. ternisque, fl. racemosis. Of 
doubtful affinities, perhaps akin to the RHAM- 
NIDES or CELASTRIDES. 

880. Kandena spinosa Raf. (Rheed 5. t. 36) 
fol. petioL ovatis iritegris acutis, spinis axil, rec- 
tis, racemis axil, fol brevior evergreen tree of 
Malabar. 

881. NEVRILIS Raf. Millingtonia L. fil. Sou 
non Don Br. diff. Bignonia and Hieranthes, cor, 
tubul. gracilis bilab. galea bifida, labio 3part. lo- 
bis eq. reflexis trinervis. Siliq. recta compressa, 
sem. alatis. fol. opp. tripinnatis, fl. panic 
very near Hierauthes by corolla, perhaps same 
G. if stamens similar. Millingtonia has been 
applied since to a G. near Indigo tera. 

882. Nevrilis suberosa Raf, Bign. do Roxb. 
cor. t. 214. Millingt. hortensis L. fil. Sm. folioL 
ovatis acutis glabris, panic, trichot. Fine tree 
of India, 30 feet high, bark suberose, fl. white 
fragrant 2 inches long, pods acute one foot long. 

883. THEAPIIYLA Raf. 1830, Thea L. auct. 
lately uuited toCamelia ! Thea meaning Godess 
in Greek is included in Alt/tea and other G. 
my name meaning divine leaf was formed since 
1815 and published 1830 in rned. fl. It differs 
from Kemelia (wrongly spelt Camelia) by cal, 



CENT. IX. 13JL 

3-6part. non imbric. petalis 5-9 ineq. basi coali- 
tis,stam, 200 liberis, stylis 2-3fid. caps. 2-3cocca 
sp. not yet well settled, 

884. Theaphyla laxa Raf. Thea chinensis 
Dec. ramis laxis, fol. ellipt. acutis rugosis serra- 
tis, pet. sepe 6 China, 

885. Theaphyla lanceolata Raf. bohea L. ra- 
mis strictis, fol. lanceol. levis acut. serratis, fl. 
axil. 1-2 pet. 6 China. 

886. Theaph. viridis R. fol. lato lanceol. levis 
ac. subferr petalis 8-9 China, Japan &c. 

887. Theaph. euryoides 11. Camelia do bot. 
reg. 983. ramis debilis pilosis, fol. ovatolanc. 
acum. subserrat. subtus sericeis, fl. solit. ped. 
squam, cal, 5p. pet. 5 China. 

888. Theaph. cantoniensis R, Lour. fol. lan- 
ceol. fl. term, solit. cal. 5-6p. pet. 7-9 Suchong 
Tea of South China, 

889. Theaph. anamensis Raf. fl. term, solit. 
cal. Spart. pet. 5 Anam, perhaps a subg. 

890. Theaph. oleifera R. Lour. ped. Sfloris, 
axil. cal. Gpart. pet. 6 Oil-tea of South of China, 
compare with 898. Fruit yellow baccate akin to 
900. 

891. KEMELIA Raf. Camelia L. auct. ut Ca- 
melina and Camelus ! ad bot. Kernel dedic. diff, 
Theaphyla, cal. 5part, ineq. imbric. petalis plu- 
ris imbricatis, stam. plura 50 basi monadelphis, 
styl. ineq. 5fid single type, but 3 G. have been 
blended. 

892. Kemelia japonica Raf. auct. fol. obi. 
Ian. acum. serratis, fl, solit. cal. ovatis, petalis 
concavis Japan, Luzon &c, many floral var. in 
gardens. 

893. DESMITUS Raf. difF. last, cal. colorato, 
stam. polyadelphis 4-5fasciculis, ovario sericeo. 

894. Desmitus reticulata Raf. Camel, do 



140 1YLTA TELLVR. 

hot. reg. 1978, b. mag. 2784, fol, obi, acum, re- 
ticul. planis. petalis undul. obovatis China, fine 
sp. rose flowers. 

895. SASANQUA Raf. (n. chin) diff. Thea- 
phyla and Kemelia. cal. polyphylus imbricatus, 
petalis pluris fissis, stam. submonadelphis. 

896. Sasanqua odorata Raf. Camelia susan- 
'qua L, auct. iol. ovatobl. crenatis fl. term, sub- 
solit. cal. cone, petalis obcord. China &c, small 
fragrant flowers. 

897. Sasanqua malliflora Raf. Cam. do 
Curtis 547. fol. obi. emarg. crenatis, pet. cone, 
ernarg. China, much larger flowers. 

898. Sasanqua oleifera Abel. b. reg. 942. 
fol. ellipt. acutis serrat. cal. deciduis, petalis an- 
gustis bilobis China, deviating by the calix not 
persistent although imbricate. 

899. Sasanqua ochroleuca Raf. Cam, axilla- 
ris Roxb. b. reg. 349. fol. cuneatis serrul. acutis 
crassis coriaceis, fl. axil, solit. ped. cal. 5-6ph. 
sericeo, petalis obov. bilobis, Tree of the Sun- 
da Ids, fl. ochroleucous. 

900. DRUPIFERA Raf. diff. Kemelia stylo 4fi- 
do, fruct. drupaceo nux 41ocul. How are flow- 
ers ? Type Dr. olcosa Raf. Camellia drupifera 
Lour. auct. fol. ovatobl. subcren. fl. term. 2-3 
Anam. The 3 Oil Seed Tea Shrubs must be 
compared. 



CENT. X. 141 



CENTURIA X. 

901. CITRUS L. this appears a natural G. if 
C. trifoliata be excluded ; but the sp. and var. 
are numerous, not well distinguished and like so 
many domestic trees in great perplexity, Du- 
tour, Risso, Buchanan, Loureiro &c have men- 
tioned over 100 varieties, several so striking as 
to be specific deviations : having seen many 
alive I mean to indicate some of these real new 
species. 

902. Citrus heterophyla Raf. petiolis alatis, 
fol. biformis, inf obovatis, superis lanceol. om- 
nis acutis integris sepe albo marginatis, fruct. 
levis subrot. dulcis Native of Tartary, often 
called Turkish Orange, 

903. Citrus salicifolla Raf. pet. alatis, fol. 
omnis angusto lanceolatis acutis Is it a var. of 
the last ? or of C. sinensis ? 

904. Citrus myrtifolia Raf. pet. alatis, fol. 
imbric. ovatis acutis subserratis the Myrtle 
Orange has small bitter fruits and short strong 
thorns. China. 

905. Citrus rotundifolia Raf. ramulis albis, 
pet. alatis, fol. subrot. integris, nonulis undulatis, 
fr. globoso called Poncire in French, all 
Orange trees have green twigs except this, sev- 
eral var. undulata, molaceo &c. 

906. Citrus cedratus Raf. pet. vix alatis, fol. 
lanceol. acutis subdenticulatis, fr. ovoideis ver- 
rucosis cortice crassa pulpa insipida. The Ced- 
rats (or Citrons) are quite different from Oran- 
ges, nearer to Shadocks, fruits large with yellow 
thick rough rind, pulp sweetish without flavor. 
Several var. inermis, melarosa,syriaca, italica. 

907. Citrus bergamota Raf. pet, subalatis, 
fol. ellipt. acutis, fr. globosis levis odoratis pulpa 



142 SYLVA TKIJJ7K. 

insipida The Bergamots are quite different 
from Cedrats yet trees nearly alike, leaves and 
fruits smaller, these with a thin fragrant rind, 
several varieties. 

908. Citrus Kama Raf. pet. lato alatis fol. 
cuneatis obovatisque acutis, fruct. pyriformis 
scaberrimis, utrinque acutis, pulpa acida very 
peculiar kind of India, called Kama, the acid 
juice has fine flavor. Buchanan deems it near 
the Limo taurinus of Rumph. 

909. Citrus costata Raf. pet. subulatis, fol. 
ovatis retusis emarg. fruct. turbinatis basi acu- 
tis, apice mamillaris, cortice crassa costata, pul- 
pa acida Kalarnba or Kolombok of India, 
wrongly blended with C, decumanus, very thick 
ribbed rind and fine acid juice. Authors men- 
tion costate Bergamots and Oranges which may 
be yar of this. 

910. Citrus gongra Raf. pet. alatis, fol, ova- 
tis dentatis, fruct, globosis scabris, pulpa acida 
India, fruit like an apple with thin rind, called 
Gongra in Bengal. 

911. Citrus combara Raf. pet. dilatato ala- 
tis, fol. subrot. crenatis, ad pet. subequalis sin- 
gular sp. with strong thorns and petiols nearly 
similar to leaves in size and shape, called Com- 
bara in India. 

912. Citrus fusca Lour, petiolis alatis obcor- 
datis, fol. lato lanceol. fr. glob, scabris 8-91oc. 
pulpa amara large tree of Anam with long 
thorns, fruits fuscate. 

913. Citrus fusiformis Raf. pet. linearis, fol. 
lanceol. utrinque acum. fruct. fusiformis, pulpa 
acida this begins the series of Lemons with 
unwinged petiols. Several var, parva, challi, 
perretta &c. 

914. Citrus obovata Raf, pet. linearis, fol. 



CENT. X. 143 

obovatis obtusis, fr. subglob. pulpa dulcis the 
sweet Lemon, with several varieties. 

915. Citrus granulata Raf, pet. lin. fol. ova- 
tis granulatis acum. fruct. granulate granular 
Lemon. India like all Lemons. 

916. Citrus Lima Raf. pet. liri. fol. ovat. gla- 
bris acum. fruct. subrot. cortice levis tenuis, pul- 
pa acida the Limes or small round Lemons 
have many varieties, undulata, palustris, lon- 
gi folia, magna tyc. but some striking var. must 
be examined well and may be sp. such as undu- 
lata, costata, cucurbita, mamillaris &/c, com- 
pare the Pati of India with fruits like an Apple, 
but with a nipple like Lemons, also Kaki of In- 
dia with fruit like an egg ; but if with winged 
petiols akin to C. gongra. 

917. Citrus nobilis Lour. pet. lin. fol. lane, 
fl. racemosis, fruct. glob, tuberc. dulcis China, 
branches erect thornless, fruits red, rind thick, 
excellent fruit, 

918. Citrus madurcnsis Lour, frutex. ramis 
patulis angul, inermis, pet. lin. fol. lane. fr. glob, 
pulpa amara small shrub of China, A.nam, Ma- 
dura, flowers and fruits very small. 

919. Citrus margarita Lour, frutex, ramis 
rectis spinosis, pet. lin, fol. lanceol, fr, ovalis 51o- 
cul. pulpa dulcis Shrub of China, small fruit, 
thin rind orange color. 

920. PONCIRUS Raf. cliff. Citrus, stam. liberis, 
fr. 71ocul. fol. trifoliatis Type P. trifoliata R. 
Citrus do L. auct. 

921. MALNEREGA Ad. Raf. diff. Citrus, cal. 
4dent. pet. 4, bacca uniloc. monosp. Type M. 
malabarica Raf. fig. in Rheed 4 t. 12, habit 
quite like Citrus. 

922. ZONABLEPHIS Raf. (ring cil) cal. 4part. 
ineq. variabilis, cor. tubo urceol. intus annulus 



144 SYLVA TELLUR. 

fimbriato stain, ferens, limbo unilab. 5lobo, stam. 
4 didyn. arcuatis, antheris connexis, ovario vil- 
loso, stylo apice glabro furcato, caps, ut Acan- 
thus ? Frutic* fol. opp.ji. spicatis very unlike 
Acanthus to which united. 

923. Zonablepkis polistachya Raf. Acan- 
thus do Del, Cailt. 72 f. 2. Ramulis teretis, fol, 
sess. ovatolanc. acut, dentato undul. spicis term, 
imbric. 4gonis, bract, ternis ciliatis, 2 subul, in- 
fera Snervia shrub of Nubia, leaves 6-12 inches 
pubescent beneath, fl. rosate, calix very unequal 
in shape and size of segments. This and the 
following till 934 are new trees and shrubs dis- 
covered with 100 rare plants by Caillaud in Nu- 
bia and Central Africa, near the Western Nile, 
described and figured by Delile, in his travels, 
but squeezed in akin Genera. 

924. KERINGA Raf. (n. afr.) diff. Vernonia, 
per, duplex, imbric. ext. brevier, phorantho nudo 
poroso, akenis 15-20 turb. arcuatis lOnervis, 
apice apiculatis, pappus 20-30 setis denticulatis 
Arborea, fol. alt. ft. sub panic certainly not 
congeneric to our American herbaceous Verno- 
nias. 

925. Keringa amygdalina Raf. Vernonia do 
Del. Cail. Ramulis gracilis fol. subpet. lanceol. 
subintegris, panic dichotomis, perianth, ext. lin- 
earib. ext. subrot tree of Central Africa, called 
Kering, leaves 5 or 6 inches, flowers white. 

926. PLEUROMENES R. (side lun) diff. Acakia, 
Leg. spongiosis evalvis variabilis, ineq. obi. gib- 
bosis vel strictis, vel arcuatis, vel globosis, vel 
pyriformis, sem ovoideis lucidis, utrinque latere 
macula lunulata. FoZ, bipin. Ji. spicatis this 
G. must be added to my Series of Acakia after 
756, the flowers must be described, but the pods 
are quite peculiar and strangely multiform. 



CEM 1 . X. 145 

927. Pleuromcncs heterocarpa Raf. Acakia 
do Del. ramulis pubcsc. acul. fol. pinnis 5jugis, 
foliolis 12-15jugis ovalib, dimidiatis subt. pubesc. 
spicis teretis axil Syria, Egypt, Nubia, called 
Gilgil by Arabs. 

928. ELAYUNA Raf. (n. arab^diff, Bauhinia, 
leg. obi. evalvis, muJtiloc. locuhs polysp. extus 
cortice dura nervosa, intus midula fibrosa. fol. 
bilobis, very peculiar pod, leaves not binate, 
flowers undescribed but long account of seeds, 
certainly not a Bauhinia. 

929. Elayuna biloba Raf. Bauhinia tamarin- 
dacea Del. pi. C. 13. fol. orbic, basi cord, apice 
bilobis sinus cuspid, petiolis glandulosis shrub 
of Mt Aqaro in Central Africa, called Elayun 
and Magal. 

930. TRIDERMIA Raf. (3 skins) cliff, Grewia, 
Drup. basi umbil. apice 41obo, nucibus 4, trans- 
verse 31oc. 3sp. sem, obov. compr. triplice tuni- 
cis vestitis very peculiar fruit, see the long des- 
cription, but flowers omitted, yet certainly dis- 
tinct Genus. 

931. Tridermia papillosa Raf. Grewia echi- 
nulata Del. pi. C. 70. Arboreus, fel. orbic, cord, 
erosis 5nervis retic. ff. extrax. umbellulatis, dru- 
pis glob, depr, papillosis tree of Nubia, twigs 
glandular, hairs lasciculate on them, petiols 
and leaves &c. 

932. XEROPETALON Del. cal. duplex persistens 
ext. 5fid. int, 5part. rotato petaloideus, stam. 20 
basi monad. 5filam. longior sterilis, ovar. glob, 
torn. styl. brevis, stig. 2-3spiralis, caps ? 2-31oc. 
2-3valvis scptiferis 2-6sp. racemis ramosi 
G. based on flowers alone, without leaves ! akin 
to last, singular by persistent petals ! thus rather 
internal perigone. Type X. 5setum Del. pi. C, 

19 



146 SYLVA TELLUR. 

71. Shrub of Nubia, flowers in racemose umbI- 
lules. Hardly of Tiliacea tribe. 

933. SEMARILLA Raf. diff. Celastrus, cal. mi- 
nimus pers. 5dent. caps, turbin, sub4gona, 2Ioc. 
2valv. septif. 4sp. sem. arillatis, arillo cupularis 
carnoso sinuosovestita apparently a distinct G. 
also by cells not equalized to calix, probably 5 
petals and 5 stamens. 

934. Semarilla bicolor Raf. Celastrus do 
Del. pi. C. 94. fol. obov. serrul. fl. axil, subum- 
bel Shrub of Nubia. 

935. TRIXANTHERA Raf. diff. Ruellia, starou 
exertis, antheris pilosis, caps. 4sperma. Arbo- 
rea fl. panic at least a subgenus. 

936. Trixanth. angularis Raf. Ruellia? gi- 
gantea Kunth. Ramis 4gonis, fol. subrot. ovat. 
acum. nervis hirtis tree of S. America, 

937. PENTELESIA Raf. diff. JBignonia, stam. 5 
fertiles . . . fruct . . .fratex recto, fol. tern. fl. 
panic another G. to be added to the Bignonias^ 
out of Kunth, who has 24 sp. undescribed as to 
flowers and fruits altho' mostly new and involv- 
ing many G, or referable to mine : this has a 
very peculiar habit also. 

938. Pentelesia discolor Raf. Bignonia ca- 
ricachensis Kunth. Recta glabra, foliolis 3 obi. 
obt. subtus albis, panic, sessilib Oronoco shrub. 

939. ARAGOA Kunth. cal, 4-5ph. cor. hypocr. 
4fida, stam. 4, stig. glob. caps. 21oc. 4valv. 8sp, 
Ramis opp. fol. imbric. Sfaris, fl. axil united 
to SESAMIDES by K. 2 types A. cupressina> dbie- 
tina. 

940. JURGENSIA Raf. (hot) diff. Spermacoce, 
cal. infund. 4fido, cor, infundib, 4fida, stam. 4, 
Frutic. fl. capit Decandole and Kunth have 
blended Diodia and Spermacoce by promiscu- 
ously mixing the sp, with bifid or 4fid calix, cor. 



CENT. X. 147 

hypocr, camp, or infund. These G. require a 
new revision ; most of those with infund. calix 
and corolla will belong here, 

941. Jurgensia psyllioides Raf. Spermac. do 
Kunth, caule suffrut. 4gono,fol. lin. lanceol, ser- 
rulatis, fl. capit Mexico. 

942. PLEUUEIA Raf. diff. PsyChotria, cal. spa- 
thaceo cuculato latere fisso, Flor. corymb. 
Psychotria and Calicoca contain also a crowd of 
anomalous sp. requiring revision, with 4 or 5 
stamens, various calix, corolla, fruit &c, and to 
make the matter worse some propose to join 
thereto Cephaelis, Evea, Patabea, Tapogamea, 
Sjnirus &/c. 

943. Pleureia compressa Raf. Psychotria 
calycina Kunth, frutic. ramis compr, fol. obi. 
lane acum. corymbis ped. Sfloris S. America. 

944. IPECACUANA Raf. cal. 5dent. cor. tubul. 
intus villosa, limbus 5fid. revol. stylo ad basi an- 
nulato, stig. 2, bacca coronata uniloc. 2sp. flo- 
rib. comp. periantkis 4phyl. ineq Type the 
real officinal root Ipec. fusca Raf. Calicoca 
ipec. Brotero, auct, Cephaelis and Psychotria 
emetica auct. 

945. TAPOGAMEA Aubl Vitm. &c diff. cor. 
faux ventric. limb, patens, disco ovar. bigland. 
perianth* 5ph. phorantJto paleaceo Aublet 
had 5 sp,. 2 were shrubs T. tomentosa and gla- 
bra, 8 plants T. violacea, purpurea, alba. 
Many more are mixt in Cephaelis. 

946. CARAPICHEA Aubl. Vitm. &/c diff, cal. 
turb, cor. infund. 5fid. acuta, stam. exertis,disco 
supra ovar. styl. bifidus, capsula 2Ioc. 2parti^. 
2sp. Perianth. 4ph. 2 major ext very distinct 
by fruit : name rather too barbarous, I propose 
Nettlera instead. Type 

947. Carap. or Nettlera guianensin A. V. 



148 SYLVA TELLUR. 

R. Cephaelis 1 involucrata auct. shrub of Guy- 
ana, flowers white. 

948. SIMIRA Aubl. Vit, <c diff. 946. cor. tu- 
bul. stam. in tubo, bacca biloc, 2sp. fl. racemo- 
sis very peculiar G. also, near to Bertiera. 

949. Simira tinctoria A. V. Psychotria par- 
vifl. W. P, &c? Tree of Guyana, white flowers 
not capitate nor involucrate. 

950. URTJPARIA A. V. Agylophorus Neck, 
diff. cal. tubul. cor, hypocrat. stig. capitat. bacca 
21oc. polysp. Frut. sarment. fl. capit.. nudis. 

951. TJrup. versicolor Raf. guianensis A. V. 
fol. pet. ovat acutis Vine of Guyana, flowers 
fragrant, white or green or red or yellow or 
brown on the same stem, a very strange pecu- 
liarity. 

952. RONABEA A. V. diff. cor. tubul. ventric. 
stig. 2 lamel. drupis uniloc. nucleis2conv. plana 
striatis fl. axil, sess Types 2 shrubs of Guyana 
JR. latif. and erecta, united to Psychotria by 
many as B. axillaris \ some peruvian sp. per- 
haps belong here, such as Ps. gracilis with sul- 
cate seeds, creeping plant, flowers umbellate, 
thus habit very unlike, perhaps a Genus Sulca- 
nux Raf, 

953. PALICURIA A. V. Smirus Jus. Stephani- 
um Schr. admitted as a subg. by Persoon, a G. 
by Kunth &c, many sp. 11 in Kunth. 

954. MYRSTIPHYLLA Raf. diff. Psychotria 
bacca uniloc. dicoca vix succosa, racemis ra- 
mosis Type M. rigida Raf. Psych, myrstiph 
auct. Antilian shrub, 

955. PATABEA A. V. cal turb. 4dent. cor. fus- 
if. 4fid. stam, 4, styl. bifidus, stig. 2. fl. capit. 
bract) phorantho squam. paleaceo Near to 
Evea, which differs by cor. infund. stig. single 
bilobe,a perianthe &c. 



CENT. X. 149 

956. Patabea guiancnsis A. V. ramis noclo- 
sis 4goriis, fol, petiol ovatobl. capit. axil, pedunc 
shrub, many other G. arc hidden in Psychotria 
and akin Genera, Nonatdia. Bnbalina &c. 

957. Adansonia integrifolia Raf. Ophelus 
Lour. fol. petiol. obi. acut. iritegris glabris tree 
of East Africa, with large white flowers and 
fruits. 

958. SLTIIIA R. cliff. Erythroxylon, cal. 51o- 
hus, stylus simplex,stig. 3(iclum Type S. indica 
Raf. Er. monogynum Roxb. &c. These 2 G. 
are types of a new family near Malpighides and 
Hypericines by fruit monosperm. ERYTHROXY- 
LIDES Kunth. 

959. CASEARIA auct, 28 sp. in Kunth, who 
wrongly unites thereto Anavinga, Chetocrater 
&c, requiring revision. The true CASEARIA 
Raf. has cal. 5fid. cor. 0, stam. 8-10 basi ladel- 
phis,stig. 1, caps. 3-4valv. septif. uniloc. polysp, 
sem. baccata. All trees. 

960. ANAVINGA Raf. diff. cal. 4fid. stam. C 
&c. Types A. ilicif. comocladif. c all CasEa- 
rias in Kunth. 

961. CHETOCRATER Raf. diff. cal. 4fid. stam. 
12-15, stig. 3. Types C. javitensis, tinifolia, 
hirta &c. 

962. FOUQUIERA Kunth, cal. 5ph. cor. tubul, 
arcuata 5fida, stam. 10-12 hypog, non epicorol- 
lis, styl. 3fidus. Fl. spic. bract wrongly united 
to Portulacea by Kunth, evidently akin to Clc- 
thra and Clethrides subfam. of ERICOIDES with 
next G. 

963. Fouq* formosa R. frutex subspin. fol, 
alt. integris carnosis, spicis term. sess. bractea- 
tis fine shrub of Mexico with incarnate 
blossoms. 

964. BRONNIA Kunth, diff. 962, cal. ineq. 



150 SYLVA TELLUR. 

caps. Sgona, 31ocul. sem. alatis,^. panic same 
family of course. 

965. Bronnia spinosa R. arborea glabra 
spinosa, fol. fascic. integris, panic, term. Tree 
of Mexico. 

966. POLYLEPIS R. P. Kunth. cal. turb. Sdent. 
pet. 0, stam. 5 perigynis,styl. 1, stig, multif. ake- 
na monosp. FoL tern. ft. racem. This G. with 
next, Sanguisorba, Cercocarpus and akin, belong 
to my family GONOLIGIA of 181:5. Type. 

967. Polylepis incana R. P. foliolis 3 cre- 
natis subtus canis, racemis axil, paucifl. shrub 
of Popayan. 

968. (JuiNAsis Raf. diff. 966, cal. 4dent. stam. 
polyandris, 

969. Quinasis villosa Raf, Polylepis do 
Kunth. foliolis subtus villosis, racemis multifl. 
large tree of Peruvian Mts. 

970. SPIREA L. auct. this G. became the type 
of my family SPIRADIA since 1815, now greatly 
increased since Kagenekia, Quillaja, Vauque- 
linia, Lindleya &c have been united to this fam- 
ily ; but Spirea itself included many G. as I sta- 
ted and proved again in my New Flora: altho' 
mostly shrubs yet they include plants also. 
Without revising the whole family I shall now 
indicate some of these peculiar G. or subgenera. 

971. SPIREA Raf. cal. camp. 5fidus, pet. 5. 
stam, multiserialis, inserta ad disco annularis 
crenato, caps. 5 liberis sub. 9 spermis. FoL 
simpl. fl. racemis panic Types Sp. salicif. 
and blended sp. my Sp. flexuosa, amena, ovata 
carpinif. heteroph. ciliata see 641 to 647 New 
Flora of North America, where I gave a mono^ 
graph of shrubby kinds. 

972. ELEIOSINA Raf. (is smooth) diff. stam. 20 



CENT. IX. 151 

unica series, glandulis 10 per paria ad cal. op- 
pos. pist, 5, styl. sepe clavat. stigm. obt. vel ca- 
pit. caps. 5-8sp. corymbis panic Types Sp. 
lemgata now forming my 3 species bracteata, 
cuneifolia, altaica 649 to 651, besides my obo- 
vata 648, 548, mrgata 666, and Sp. triloba <fyc. 

973. DRmoroGON Raf. 1815, subg, Spirea,cal. 
reflex, villosis, stam. 20, disco aunularis integro, 
stig, ,sess. truncat. caps. 5 villosis lOsp. Types 
the Sp. tomentosa and akin my rosca 636, fer- 
ruginea 637, glomerata 638, parmfolia 640, 
besides Sp. douglasi and menziesi &c. 

974. XAMEDRYON Raf subg. of Spirea diff, 
cal. nervo^us, stam, 50, pist. 7, caps, 12sp. fl % 
umbel, vel corymb. This according to Kunth 
is the character of Sp, ulmaria, but many akin 
have 5pistils, compare my sp. chamedrif. versi- 

foiia, betulif. ostryfol. corymbosa, repens,cre- 
nata, denticul. 654 to 663 of my N, Flora. 

975. AWAYUS Raf. cliff, Spirea. cal. prof. 5 fid, 
petalis emarg. <c. Type Sp. japonica Raf. 
664, a subg. also? The Spirea barbata of 
Waliich and Lindley deemed the Japonica by 
some is not even a Spirea, but a Blondia of 
Necker of Saxifragides tribe, see fl. tel. 279. 

976. PHYSOCAHPA Raf. diff. Spirea, cal. prof. 
5fid. discus 0, stam. 30, pist. 3, stig. capit. caps, 
basi coalitis inflatis 2-4sp. foL lobatis Jt. race- 
mis corymb, bracteatis Types my Phys* ripa- 
ria, opulifol* tomentosa 668 to 670. 

977. EPICOSTORUS Raf. diff. Spirea, cal. 51ob. 
disco annularis, stam. 20 basi monadelphis, 
pist. 1-2 stylosis, stig, capit. caps. 3sp. foL lob. 
race-mis corymb, nudis Type my Ep. mon- 
lanus 671. 

978. ScmzoNOTUsRaf. diff, Spirea,cal. rotate, 



15*2 SYLVA TKLLUR. 

discul. annul, stam. 20, pist. 5 eq, caps. sess. torn, 
monosp. Fol. lob. Jl. panic. Type Sch. disco- 
lor 673. 

979. BASILICA Raf. diff. Spirea, cal. patens 
5part. discus 0, stam. 15-20 ad basi cal, pistilis 
4-5 sess. caps. 4-5ineq. sess Isp. foL pinnatis, 

jl. panic corymb, bracteatis Types my B. sor- 
bifolia and pygmea 675, 676. 

980. SERICOTHECA Raf, diff. Spirea, stam. 20 
caps, sericeis 2sp. Type Sp. argentea Kunth 
of S. America, 

981. GILLENIA MtEnch &c, diff. pet. angustis, 
stam. 20, pist, 5, stylis teretis, stig. papillose, 
caps. 2sp. Hcrbac. foL trif. stipul. Jl. term. 
Types G. trifoliata and stipulacca. 

982. ARUNCUS T. auct diff. dioica, stam. 20, 
disco annul, integro, pist. 3, caps 3sp. Herbac. 
fol. dccomp. fl. spicis ramosis filif Type A. 
vulgaris and Americanus. 

983. FILIPENDULA T. auct. diff. polyg. cal. 
7fid. stam. 50-60, fascicul, 3-4, discus 0, pist. 10- 
12 styl. brevis refl. stig. capit. caps. 2 sp. Herb. 

fol. pinn. Jl. panic Type Sp. jilipendula and 
akin. 

984. THECANISIA Raf. Ulmaria T. diff. cal. 
4-5fid. refl. discus 0, stam. 12-24 polyadelphis, 
pist 3-8 stipit. ineq. caps. l-3sp. Herb. fol. 
palm. Jl. panic Types Sp. ulmaria and akin 
palmata, lobata, purpurca, angustif. &c see 
my new fl. 293 to 296. I have chiefly followed 
the account of Kunth as to many typical char- 
acters ; but I apprehend the whole G. requires 
yet a total revision, and has other anomalies re- 
ducible to good G. my Rhodalix of 1815 has 
the calix unequal and foliose as in Roses. 

985. STEMOTIS Raf. (stam. auric) diff. Rho- 
dodendron, cal. planus 5dent. cor. basi 5gibbosa 



CENT. X. 153 

ut Kalrnia, ineq Sloba, stam. 10 ineq. declin. 5 
5alt. append, stylo declin stig. capit. lOradiat. 
caps. lOlocul. lOvalv, Arbor eis, fl. capit 
beautiful Gr. very peculiar, several types blended 
in Rh. arboreum. 

986. Stemotis coccinea Raf. Rhod, arb. Sin. 
ex. bot. 9. bot, reg. 890, fol, lanceol. supra gla- 
bris, subtus toment. albis tree of the Himalaya 
Mts. like all the others, fl. scarlet, 

987. Stemoiis rosea Raf. Rh. arb, var. ro- 
seum Lind. IK reg. 1240. fol. obi. cuneatis mu- 
cronatis glabris subtus ferrugineis flowers rose 
color, a var. with large red flowers is figured b. 
reg. 1414, b. mag. 8423. 

988. Stemotis alba Raf. Rh. album Don, 
Sweet 1. 148. arboreum v. album b. mag. 3290. 
fol. obi, lane, acutis supra nitidis, subtus pubesc. 
ferrug. large tree of Nipal, flowers white with 
some purple dots, some lobes emarginate. 

989. GUERSENTIA Raf. (bot.) diff. Chrysophy- 
lum, cal. persistens 4-6part. cor. camp. 4-6loba, 
stam. 4-6, stig. subsess. 4-61ob. drupis olivef. non 
costatis, nucleis 1-2 3 types at least, called 
Date-apple, while Chrysophylum is the Star-ap- 
ple,all tropical trees with edible fruits. If Guer- 
sent had a G. substitute Dactimala R. 

990. Guersentia olivef ormis Raf, Chr. do 
Lam. monopyrenum Sw. auct. bot, mag. 3303, 
Perhaps several sp. blended here, the G. or Chr. 
microcarpa is certainly peculiar, and G. or Chr. 
angustif. is a 3d sp. with 2 seeds sometimes. 

991. AxuNARaf. cal. 5 sepalis petal if. pet. 
nullis, stam. pluris, pist. simplex libero. akena 
dura nucifera monosp. Type A. racemosa Raf. 
alt. lanceol. racemis term, tree of Molucas, Atun 
of Rumf. 1 t, 66, wood hard but brittle, nut spicy 

20 



151 SYLVA TELLUR. 

as large as an egg, near Hesperides, see next. 
092, AYPARIA Raf. cal. 5 sep. petalis 5, stain, 
pluris, pist. simpl. lib. akena nucifera intus nu- 
cleus trivalvis monosp. G. akin to last and to 
Valeria, perhaps forming a peculiar tribe with 
the monosperm Hesperides, Ximenia, Eleocar- 
pus, Vateria &c to be called VATERIDES. 

993. Ayparia crenata Raf. Ayparhus Rumf. 

3 t. 104. fol. alt. lanceol. crenatis, racemis ax- 
illarib tree of Molucas with annual leaves,fiow- 
ers small and white, fruit biack spotted of white. 

994. CURONDIA Ad. Bosc. Raf. diff. Atuna, 
drupis monosp. fol. oppos. fl. axil another 
akin G. of. Vaterides tribe. 

995. Curondia axillaris Raf. Curondi Rh. 

4 t. 50, fol. sesil. ovatolanc, undulatis crenatis,* 
axillis multifloris large tree of Malabar, flow- 
ers small, greenish yellow, berries round purple, 
flesh soft safron color, kernel globose, leaves as- 
tringent medical, 

996. LEDELIA Raf. (hot) diff. Pomaderis, cal. 
adherens5fidus,pet. nullis, stam. 5 cal. alternans, 
fil. filif. inflexis, stylo, 3gono stig, 3, caps, infera 
31ocul. fl. capit. involucratis very distinct G. 
since Pomaderis including the Asiatic sp. of 
Ceanothus, has calix free camp, petals 5 &c; 
nearer to Guania, and of family GUANIDIA see 
fl. tel. 268. 

997. Ledelia betulina Raf. Pomad. do Hook. 
b. m. 3212, fol. alt. petiol. ellipt. obt, subtus fer- 
rugineo lanatis, bract, ovatis, cal, villosis Aus- 
tralian shrub with yellowish flowers. 

998. TUBANTHERA Com. R, diff. Ceanothus, 
petalis 5 basi coalitis in tubo, stig. 3 subsessil. 
Type T. katapa Raf. Rh. 5 t. 47. fol. alt. pe- 
dunc. axil, multifl. Shrub of Malabar. 



CKNT. X. 155 

999. MAKOTTIA Rli. Rose. Raf. cal. 5sepalis, 
pet. 10 in duplice series, internis major concavis 
villosis, stam. 5 villosis,pist. simplex, drupis glob, 
siccis scabris, nux dura intus pulposa polysp. 
serii, angul. fol. alt. fL axil family of BERGE- 
RIDES including the Guttiferes and Hesp,erides 
with definite stamens, such as Chalcas, Bergera, 
Muraya, Quapoya &c and perhaps type of a 
subfamily by singular fruit. 

1000. Marottia oleosa Raf. Rh. 1 t. 58 fol. 
ovatis dentatis lucidis. axillis multifl. Tree of 
Malabar, fl. red outside, seeds affording a sweet 
Oil. 



APPENDIX. 

Such is the vast field of botanical researches 
and reforms, that these series of revised trees 
and shrubs although amounting to 1000 articles, 
are but fragments of what might be done and is 
yet required before the Sylvan forms be proper- 
ly fixed and named. I have found the subject 
expanding as I proceeded, and been compelled 
to leave untouched many perplexing Genera and 
families. For instance the Palms, Ericoides, 
Smilaxides,arborescent Grasses and many others, 
some of which I hope will soon be better settled 
by Decandole or Eridlicher. But unfortunately 
all the laboring Botanists appear as yet to follow 
tne absurd principle, so well pointed out by Dr. 
Buchanan of squeezing species into alien Gen- 
era. The whole of this work and my other late 
worts are sufficient comments on this unwar- 
rantable practice, that is the disgrace of Botany, 
preventing the science from making the needful 
rapid progress towards accuracy and perfection. 

The Genera and Species to be revised, recti- 



156 APPENDIX. 

fied or restored, are still numereus, and will ever 
be until Botanists no longer squeeze them into 
improper groups, as some would squeeze Men 
among Monkeys, or make only one Genus as for- 
merly of all the Monkeys, all the Bats, all the 
Confervas and all the Lichens ! some Generic 
reformers like Lindley, Decandole, Agardh &c, 
who have done much on some peculiar families, 
skip over the glaring deflects of others, or seek 
invisible characters of the seeds and embryos, 
while they overlook the striking floral disparities! 
not having yet seen Endlicher I cannot tell what 
he may have begun to do, aud how far we may 
have followed the same paths : if we agree, let 
it be remembered that my reforms date of 1815. 

In all the original accounts and figures of 
plants that I can consult, in late botanical works 
and travels, I find corrections to make even 
among the well described trees &/c ; while there 
are many more imperfectly designated, or even 
merely indicated. Much therefore will remain 
to be observed and well noticed by future writers. 
It must always be so in progressive natural sci- 
ences, and those who endeavor to keep them 
stationary or impede their progress, are to be 
reckoned among the foes of human knowledge, 
particularly if they neglect to avail themselves 
of the observatioas and researches, of previous 
writers, through various pretexts often frivolous 
or invidious, my practice instead has always 
been to avail myself of all previous accessible 
sources of knowledge : many of our plants and 
our animals must rest yet upon such observa- 
tions of original discoverers, not always easy to 
verify nor to obtain the objects, either rare or of 
remote regions. 

As to varieties, most of our species are suck, 



APPENDIX. lf>7 

being natural deviations by seedlings assuming 
peculiar forms, in the woods and wilds, as it is 
done constantly in our fields and gardens by the 
cultivated trees and plants. Those best known 
afford most of our noticed varieties or specific 
deviations ; but it is only our ignorance or ne- 
glect that prevents us from ascertaining in others 
all consimilar varieties. One of the great aim 
of accurate Botany is now to fix the typical and 
prototype species of each Genus; oursubgenera 
are mostly such, when not based on floral dispa- 
raties. When thus based they become real 
Genera ; whose specific deviations should be 
traced. 

I have detached from this Sylva, 3 parts of it 
that would have swollen it beyond my limits,and 
they are printed separately. 

1. The revised or new kinds of Oats, Wil- 
lows, Poplars, Ashtrees, Hickories, Waxtrees, 
and other akin or related Genera, chiefly from 
North America. 

2. The POMONA of North America or the na- 
tive fruit trees and shrubs of the United States, 
greatly increased and revised, including the 
Plumbs, Cherries, Vacciniums, Rubus, Ribes, 
Vitis, and other Genera of esculent fruits. Of 
Vitis and Morus besides Roses. I have published 
separate monographs. 

3. My ERIKON or account arid figures of Eri- 
cas, Andromedas and akin Genera, with the Di- 
osmas, Phylicas and other Ericoid shrubs. 

To complete this labor I must now add the 
corrections and additions that have been sugges-, 
ted in the progress of it, and afterwards 3 im- 
portant indexes 1. That of other N. G. of trees 
and shrubs described in my Flora Telluriana 
and New Flora 3d. The Index of the Natural 



158 APPENDIX. 

Classification of all these trees 3d. The Alpha- 
betical Index I hereafter propose to give a sep- 
arate Index of all the trees and shrubs of North 
America, classed naturally. 

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 

1. My Pukanthus 264 is the Genus Gra- 
buskia of Schlect, a previous name, it is figured 
in bot. register 1985. 

2. Add to the Oleas 1 to 13. The Olea emar- 
ginata Lam, a tree of Madagascar 40 feet high 
forms the G. Noronhia of Stadman and Thouars 
cor. globosa, stain. 2 brevis in fossulis immer- 
sis, drupis nux bivalvis 2 sperm. 

3. Add after Lomanthes 546 The G. Hex- 
acadica Lour, is near this cal. 5phyl. stam. 5 
liberis, fl. fern. cal. Gpart. stig. 6, caps. 61oc. 
6valv. 6sp. Type Hex. corymbosa, fol. alt. 
ovatobl. integris glabris, fl. corymb, albis parvis. 
Tree of Anam. 

4. Add to 528 Schobera alluded to was bas- 
ed on Heliotr opium angiospermum of Murray, 
Vitman &c, the corolla had the tube ventricose 
and faux villose; type Schob. hirsuta Raf. fol. 
ovat. obt. undul. repandis, spicis. geminis secun- 
dis. Asiatic plant united to Heliotropium by 
mere habit, but belonging to VERBENIDES. 

5. Add to Culhamia 417. This G. has been 
found again by Cailland in Nubia, and has been 
called Sterculia setigera by Deliie, who only 
saw and described the fruits; while the flowers 
are quite peculiar. 

6. Add to Pimentus 642, Gregia aromatica 
is a real Pimentus with 4 petals. 

7. Add to Balanopsis 840. Commerson and 
Thouars pretend that the Quercus molucanus 
of Lin. are not Oaks, but belong to this G. and 



APPENDIX. 159 

several sp. are blended that must be examined. 

8. Add to Scurrula 786 Scurrula cinerea 
Raf. caule tereto cinereo, ramis 4gonis, fol. pe- 
tiol. ovatis, antheris adnatis elongatis decurrens 
N. sp. of Celebes disc, by Lay. 

9. STREPSIMELA Raf. diff, Loranthus, cor. basi 
globosa melliflua. limbo 5part. laciniis cornutis 
tortilis, stylo clavato this also disc, by Lay but 
not named Type Sir. coccinea Raf. fol. ovatis 
lucidis, racemis a^laris elongatis fascicul. 3-4. 
fine Sp. of Borneo with long clusters of red 
flowers. 

10. Add to Etubila 788, 2 N. sp, also disc, by 
Lay^ Etubila maculata Raf. caule. ferrug. 
macul. fol, ovat. lanceol, cor. apice 5fida reflex. 
stain. 5 erectis Id Bontain and Celebes, flow- 
ers orange color, berries rose color. 

11. Etubila frrruginea Raf. ramis teretis 
punct. fol. ovatis subtus pubescens, cor. clavata, 
apice 6fida,lac. ovatis concavis valvatis, stam. 6 
includens- Celebes, flowers rusty color, called 
Taburung meaning bird's dung. 

12. RTJBITS L. this G. of Shrubs, brambles and 
plants has not been well revised by Decandole, 
although the G. Dalibarda, Comaropsis (bad) 
and Cylactis have been proposed : it must be di- 
vided in many G. or subg, which I will merely 
indicate now. The types of the real Rubus are 
the blackberries and raspberries, with compound 
leaves, all those with simple leaves must be ex- 
amined again. See till 24. 

13. PA^COVIA Raf. name of Adanson for Co- 
marum L. must be given to the Comaropsis an 
improper formed name. The true character of 
this G. is in calix camp, with interjected seg- 
ments as in Fragaria. 

14. DYCTISPERMA Raf. (ret. sem) diff. Rubus, 



160 APPENDIX. 

apetalis vel pet. squamiformis, fruct. lanato non 
baccato, sem. reticulatis Types 1. R. apetalus 
Poir. vel lasiocarpus Sm. 2 rigidus Sm, 3 urtice- 
foLPoir. 

15. CYLASTIS Raf. 1817 diff. Rubus cal. an- 
gul. 6-8fidus, pet. 6-8 emarg. acinis paucis type 
C, montana Raf. 1817, said to be R. triflorus, 
saxatilis, parvifl. canadensis &c of various au- 
thors, but perhaps several blending sp. and R. 
egopodioides Dec. is a 2d sp F R. arcticus a 3d, 
with petals 2-3fid. 

16. SELNORITION Raf. (n. gr.)diff. Rubus,cal. 
patens vel reflexus, acinis paucis, sem. magnis 
rugosis types several sp. blended and mixt in 
Rub. obovalis, saxatilis, canadensis, cesius &c. 

17. CXJMBATA Raf, (n. ind.) diff. Rubus, calix 
inflate globoso Sfido vel 5dent. petalis unguic. 

fol.integrispalmatis, bract, mullif. two types 
at least. 

18. Cumbata alcefolia Raf. Rub. do Poiret 
&c. ramis angul, fol. palm, serrat, rugosis bract, 
multif. capillaceis shrub of Java, called Cum- 
bata, flowers white as in next. 

19. Cumbata villosa Raf. Rub. rugosus Sm. 
ramis teretib. fol. cord, lobat. subtus villosis, 
bract, ovut. laciniatis Nepal. 

20. AMPOMELE Raf. (n. gr.) diff. Rubus, pe- 
talis obov. longe unguic. fi. racem. Perhaps a 
subg. of Cumbata, but calix as in Rubus. Type 
Amp. triphyla Raf. Rub. do Thunb. &c, ramis 
flexilis gracilis, foliolis 3 rotund, crenat. subtus 
albis Japan. 

21. AMETRON Raf. (n. gr.) diff. Rubus, cal. 
ineq. 5part. 2-31acin. lanato, petalis laciniatis, 
acinis 1-5 stylosis, sem. rugosis -very distinct G. 
by unequal calix &c. 



APPENDIX. 161 

22. Ametron pyrifolium Raf. Rub, do Sm. 
ic. Auct. frutesc. acul. fok simpl, ovat, acum. ser- 
rat, petalis minutis squamtf. 

23. Ametron pedatum Raf. Rub. do Pursh, 
Hook. fl. t. 61. Dalibarda do Steph. Comaropsis 
do Dec. repens fol. quinatis, pedunc. unifl. 
Origon. 

24. M AtfTEiA Raf. (n. gr.) diff. Rubus. cal. 
6-10iidus basi angul. petalis 6-10 integris, stam* 
clavatis, acinis depressis, stylis connivens akin 
to Cylactis, 2 types M, or R. stelfatus Sm. ic* 
64. and 2 acaulis MX. or pistillatus Sm. ex. t. 
86, 

25. CALLICARPA L. to this G. were united 
the 3 next G. differing by habit and other char- 
acters, although probably of same family AEGI- 
PHILIDES differing from VITEXIDES by regular 
corolla and from RUBIACEA by free pistil. 

26. AGONON Raf. (n. gr.) diff. Callic. cd. 4Io- 
bo, cor. campanul. 41oba, antheris 4 sessilis, stig. 
sess, fol. alt. fl. umbel Type A. umbellata 
Raf. Callic. do Lour, arborea, fol. obov. alt. umb. 
sessilib. 5floris. Tree of Anam. 

27. SEMNOS R, (n. gr.) diff. Callic. cal. villoso , 
41obo, cor. brevis 4loba, stylo subnullus. fl. pan- 
icul type 8. paniculata Raf, Callic. do Lam. 

28. AMICTONIS R. (n. gr.) diff. Callic. stam. 
epigynis vel monadelphis ut in Meborea, stylo 
subul. stig. acut. Type A.japonica Raf. Cal- 
lic. do Thunb. auct. 

29. TRAXILISA Raf. diff. Calligonum, cal. 
5part. cor. 4part. eq. stam, pluris, stylo unic. 
stig. bipart. bacca 2partibilis uniloc. polysp.-- 
not even of same family Polygonides, but rather 
akin to my ILEXIDES 169, although the many 
stamens (perhaps 12 or 16) indicate another 
family near to DIOSFYRIDES. 



162 APPENDIX. 

30. Traxilisa aspera Raf. Calligonum 
perum Lour. Mart, &c fol. ovatis scabris, race- 
mis ramosis Shrub of Anam. 

31. ODOLLAMIA Ad. Raf. diffi Cerbera, cal. 
5part. cor. tubo angul. villoso, stig. ovato bif. 
drupis 21ocul. 2sp. Types 1 O. manghas Raf. 
Cerb. do auct. 2. O. moluca Raf. Odollam 
Rumf. 1 t. 124. 3. O. malabarica R. Odollam 
Rheed 1 t. 39". This G. and the 4 next blended 
in Cerbera are very distinct although of same 
family CERBERIDES. 

32. NEISOSPERMA R. (not eq. seeds) diff. Cer- 
bera, fruct. ovat muricato lignoso semibivalv. 
21oc. 4sp. sem. compressis ineq. 2 Types also, 
1 N. miiricata R. Cerb. platisperma Gaertn. 
&c, 2 N. musculiformis Cerb. do Lam. &c. 

33. LACTARIA Rumf. Raf. diff. Cerbera, cah 
5fid. cor, hypocraterif. non contorta, tubo curvo, 
stylo * curvo corolla erumpens, stig. clavato 
compr. drupo monosp. foL oppositis Type L. 
salubris Rumf. 3 t. 84, Cerbera do Lour, oppo- 
sitif. Lam. &c. 

34. Add to Thevetia 536, Adanson ascribes 
to it a bilocular polysperm berry the real 
Cerbera or Ahouai of Adanson has stigma bila- 
melar, drupe monosperm, calix reflexed, corolla 
nndulate. Type C. ahuai. 

35. CASCABELA Raf. diff. Cerbera, stig. capit. 
acum. 20denticulat. drupis 4gonis 21oc, oligosp 
Type C. perumana Raf. Cerb, do Pers. theve- 
tia RP. fol. lin, lanceol. Tree of Peru. 

36. SYMPLOCOS Auct. many alien G. have been 
united to it Alstonia with petals 10 subcoales- 
cent Ciponima with 5 petals coalescent cam- 
panulate Hopea 5 free petals &c. They must 
all be restored, and the type of Symplocos will 



APPENDIX, 

be 8. vera or octopetala with 8 free petals. All 
have many stamens not so the next- 

37. NEISANDRA Raf, diff. Symplocos, pet. 5 
liberis, stain. 10 Type N. indica Raf. Hopea 
decandra Buch, Roxb. 

38. GORDONIA L, the G. Lasianthus and 
Franklinia united thereto by many botanists are 
perfectly distinct although akin) G. hematoxylon 
is the type, with petals unequal, style 5parted 
capsule with 2 winged seeds in each cell &c. 
Lasianthus has 5 acute stigmas, cells polysperm, 
seeds angular <$>c. 

39. STUARTIA (misprinted Stewartia) is also 
distinct from Malacho-dendron, wrongly united 
by some botanists. 

40. CLUSIA L. &c, many alien sp. of trees and 
shrubs have been thrown into this G. which 
must be divided see till 44, Clusia rosea is the 
type of the G. with cal. 6part. ineq.imbric, pe- 
talis 3, stam. pluris biserialis, stig. 8rad. caps, 
Sloe. Svalv. intus pulposa. 

41. BIROLIA Raf. (hot) differs Clusia, caK 
9part. triserialis, petalis 3, stam. 5-8, stig. 5-6d 
caps. 5-6Ioc. valv Type J5. orCl. alba. 

42. leosTEGiA Raf. (20 cover) diff. Clusia, cal. 
16 sepalis quadriserialis, petalis 4, stam. plura 
4serialis, antheris lobis divisis, stig. cupularis 4 
auriculis 12radiat, caps. 12locuL Type L or 
CL jlava. 

43. ELWERTIA Raf. (bot) diff. Clusia, cal. 
Ssepalis biserialis, petalis 6, stam. plura, antheris 
simplex, caps. glob. 16-181ocul Type JB. or CL 
retusa, Lam. t. 862, 

44. FIRKEA Raf. (bot) diff. Clusia, cal.^4se- 
palis biserialis, petalis 4, stam. plura, stig. 5rad. 
caps. 51oc. Type F. or CL venosa, and jP. ro- 
sea Raf. fl. racem. roseisvar. of Miller. CL 



164 APPENDIX. 

sessilis and pedunculata with 4 petals either be- 
long here or to Elwertia, unless with other ano- 
malies. Jussieu deems the caps, uniloc. in all. 

45. COFFEA L. &c, this G, now greatly in- 
ereased,includes at least 2 others blended G. Po- 
tima Pers. with monosperm berry and the next. 

46. HEXEPTA Raf. (6 or 7) diff, Coffea, cal. 
6-7dent. cor. 6-7fida, stam. 6-7, baccis sepe an- 
gulatis 2sp. vix arillatis- -types 2 shrubs of East 
Africa. 

47. Hexepta axillaris Raf. Coffea zangue- 
barica Lour. M. <$c, fol. ovatolanc. ped. axil, 
unifl. fascicul. baccis obi. ang. nervosis. 

48. Hexepta racemosa R. Coffea do Lour. 
M. &c fol. ovatolanc. tuberc. pedunc. 4gonis ra- 
cemosis. 

49. PERSIMON Raf. add to Mabola 21, the 
Diospyros virginiana is stated to have 16 sta- 
mens in two rows, while real Diospyros lotus 
&e, only 8 in one row, if so which I will soon 
verify, it must with other American sp. form the 
G. or subg, Persimon, a very good name nearly 
Greek in euphony although American. 

50. Add to 837, there is a previous G. Evos- 
ma, Shrub of Australia and Lysianthides ; there- 
fore the Evosmtis of Nuttal must be changed, I 
propose EVELYNA, dedicated to Evelyn the au- 
thor of a Sylva. 

51. Add to Pleuteron 673, some of the Brey- 
nias with 6 stamens and double calix, were cal- 
led Hermupoa by Loefling, the type had scar- 
let flowers, compare my New Genera. 

52. TETRACERA G. in utter confusion by the 
medley of G. thrown into it, Delima style 1, Pi- 
ripea dioical &c, Euryandra 3 styles, Dolio- 
carpus, Mappia, Calinea, Valbomia &c, which 



APPENDIX. 105 

must all be separated again, besides the 3 next 
also. 

53. GYNETERA Raf. diff. pistilis et caps, 4 ineq. 
frutex scandens type G. or T. volubilis. 

54. ELEIASTIS Raf. diff. cal. Opart, petalis 0, 
capsulis 4 type E. or T. levis. 

55. DIPLOTER Raf. (double div) diff. cal. 
4part. petalis 4-5, stam. filam. dilatatis bianthe- 
riferis, caps. 4 type D. or T. alnifolia. 

56. Add after 973 and Laurines, Jaquin, 
Smith and others have united to Tetranthera a 
G. chiefly distinct from Lauras by anthers 41o- 
cular (although Sassafras, Camphora &c have 
similar anthers) many alien G. that must all be 
restored, Lit sea, Tomex, Glabraria, Hex an- 
thus &c, 5 plants of various G. have even been 
blended in Lanrus or Tetrac. involucrata* I 
must even add 4 new G. out of Tetranthera, see 
till 63, 

57. DECAPENTA Raf. diff. stam. 15, anth. 
41oc. Type D. invohicr. Laurus do Retz. Te- 
trac. apetala Smith. 

58. HECKERIA Raf. (bot) diff. cal. corolato 
urceol. 51obo,stam.9 Type H.glomerata Raf. 
Tetranthera monopetala Roxb. 148. Sm. fol. el- 
lipt. acutis uninervis, il. glomeratis. India, Hex- 
anthus differs by cal. 6part. 

59. BRYANTEA Raf. (bot) diff. cal. corol. 4part. 
stam. 6. Type Br. dealbata Raf. Tetranth. do. 
R Brown, Sm. &c. 

60. CUBEBA Raf. diff. cal. corol. 6fido ineq. 
stam. 6, stig. sessile, bacca globosa Type C. 
piperita Raf. Tetr. do Sm. Laurus cubeba Lam. 
fol. lane, avenis, pedunc. unifl. India. 

61. LITSEA Lam. Pers. diff. dioica, stam. plura 
5-9adelphis, villosis, internis sterilis Type L. 
or T. chinensis, probably not of this tribe nor 



166 APPENDIX. 

the next, nearer to the monosperm Hesperides, 

62. TOMEX Th. W. diff. Litsea, cal. 4part. 
stam. 100 decadelphis, pistilis 10 Types T.ja- 
ponica and seMfera. 

63. GLABUARIA L. &c, diff. Litsea, stam. 30 
polyadelphis, 6 internis monadelphis Type GL 
tersa L. or Tetr. glabraria auct. 

61. Add after Crescentia 471, the G. Tanae- 
sium W. is akin to this, but T, pinnatum is to- 
tally different by habit &c, forming a new Gr. 
KIGELKEIA Raf. (n. afr.) diff. cal. tubul. 5fido, 
stam. 5 fertiles, glandulis 5 basi pist. cingens 
Type K pinnata Raf. Crescentia do Jaq. Tan. 
do W. P. &c. Tree of East Africa, with pin- 
nate leaves. 

65. MYRSINE L. <c, some botanists would 
unite thereto Walleria, Ardisia, Manglilla, 
Athruphyhim, Iloemeria, Rhacoma^Hapanea^ 
Badula, Pyrgus <fyc which must all be separa- 
ted, but better described : and I must even add 
some other G. out of Myrsine, see till 72. 

66. FIALARIS Raf. (vial male) diff. dioica, ft. 
masc. corolla urneformis, 4dent, 4andris Type 
JP. umbellata Raf. Myrsine urceolata R Br. Sm. 
fol. obi. lane, integris, umbellis axil, sessilib. 
Australian shrub. 

67. HEURLINIA Raf. (hot) diff. cor. 4-5fida, 
stam. 4-5, antheris sessilib. drupis monosp. 
Type H. or M. variabilisnezr Manglilla, 
which is Duharnelia of Dombey it must be ve- 
rified if these G. and all the akin have stamens 
opposed to corolla as in MYRSINIDES, if alternate 
they will belong to ILEXIDES, see 169, 

68. BADULA Juss, diff. Myrsine and Ardisia, 
cor. limbo rotato 5part. stig. capit. bacca mo- 
nosp. arillata several sp. indicated by Jussieu, 



APPENDIX. 167 

not well settled, Embelia of Burm. Jus. chiefly 
differs by 5 petals. 

69. PYRGUS Lour. diff. Ardisia, cal. Sdent. 
pers. cor. rotata 5part. stam. 5, antheris magnis 
connivens, stylo subul. stig. acut. bacca monosp. 
Type P. racemosa, fol. ovat. lane, racemis 
term. Shrub of Anam. 

70. MILNEA Raf. (hot; diff, Ardisia, 4-5fida, 
stam. 4-5, stig. 4-5fido, bacca 4-5loc. 4-5sp. 
Types several Ardisias, the real G. has a ino- 
nosperm drupe. 

71. GALIZIOLA Raf. (hot) diff. Ardisia, stig. 
capit. integro, bacca uniloc. poly sp,- -some Ar- 
disias have those characters. 

72. ROEMERIA Th. the type is Sideroxylon 
or Manglilla Melanophlea of authors. 

73. MESSERMIDIA L. auct. the type is M.fru- 
ticosa with cor. hypocrateriform, and 2 blended 
sp. or var. latif. and angustif. shrubs of Canary ; 
but 2 other G. hardly shrubs have been blended 
also. 

74. ARGUZIA Raf. diff. 73, cor. infundib. faux 
nuda, limbo plicato, sinub. membranaceis Type 
Arg. repens Raf. M. arguzia L. &c. 

75. RACLATIIRIS Raf. (berry cane) diff. 73, 
cor. tubul, ad cal. eq. baccis siccis cancellatis 
dispermis Type R. cerinthoides Raf. Mess. 
cancellata, Dasso, Sm. Cerinthe of duer Spain. 

END OF THIS SYLVA. 

Including 1075 articles, nearly 800 Genera, 
and over 1000 typical species, with many mo- 
nographs. 



168 APPENDIX, 



NATURAL ARRANGEMENT and Reference to 
natural Tribes of the new or revised GENERA of 
this work with those of the trees and shrubs of 
my MANTISSA, FLORA TELLURIANA 1836, and 
some in my NEW FLORA AND SYLVA OF NORTH 
AMEUICA 1836, 

M. means the Mantissa. 

N. means the New Flora. 

S. this Sylva ,Ap. Appendix of it. 

FIRST SERIES of Natural orders,families tribes 
and groups of Trees and Shrubs Alphabetical 
Index. 

ANISANTES Cormophytes, Exogenous, 
Dicotyle, with perigonal or lepigonal flowers, 
having the stamens either heterogonal, or when 
isogonal, alternate to the inner segments or pe- 
tals if existing, and opposite to the single or 
outer segments or sepals. 

Acanthides Zonablephis 922, Trixanthera 
935. 

Achyranthides 520 M Codivalia 543, E- 
cloteripa 546 M. Everiou 779 S. 

Akerides Lasipana 80 S 7 subg. of Aker 
in N. vol. 1. Lexicon. 

Amaranthides M Cadelaria 539 M. 

Amyrides Pattara 16, Calliama 23, Claderia 
27, Curnilia 78, all in M. 

Asarides Steirexa 1116 M. 

Easellides 571 M Calostima 731 S. 589 M. 

Begonides Trilomisa 347 M. 

Bergerides Marottia 999. 

Beslerides Senkebergia 393, Lophalix 394, 
Hematophyla 397, Fimbrolina 399, Eriphia 442, 
Dendrosicus466,Crescentia 468,Glycanthes 485 
Columnca 487, Aponoa 488, Kigelkeia 64 Ap. 



APPENDIX. 169 

Bignonidcs Leucoxylon 445 till Odisca 
4(54, Sererea 660, Nevrilis 881, Pentelesia 937 
Cupulissa 203 M. 

Borragides Pioctonurn 517 till Eliopia 531. 

Campanulides Benauroa 290 M. 

Capparides many G. from Nevosmila 662 
to Oligloron 675, Octanema 693. 

Cassythides M. with 5 G. 1077. 

Celastridcs Semarilla ? 933. 

Celosides 559 M Gonufas 777 S. Deeringia 
569 M. 

Cerberides Thevetia 536, Odollamia ap. 31 
to Gascabella ap, 35. 

Cistidcs many G. 823 to 833, Iloranthes 
549 N, 

Cleomides many G. Cleome 676 to Myto- 
stylis 707, Riddelia 766 N. 

Clethrides Ireon 877, Fouquiera 962, Bron- 
nia 964. 

Coniferous, Abies 13 sp. in N. Lexicon. 

Corntdes Benthamia 817. 

Cruciferous Acuston 920. 

Daphnides many G. Sanamunda 1135 M. 
till Ncstroma 1147 M. and 503 N. 

Diospyroides Mabola 21, Benzoina * 834, 
Traxilisa? ap. 29, Persimon ap. 49. 

Etchioides 55 M. many G. Oplexion, Penthysa. 

J&mpetrides 635 N Coiiosperma 564 M, 
Corema 594 N. Euleucum, Endamnia. 

Erythroxilides~-8et\nB, 958. 

Euphorbides Croton 335 till Leptemon 372, 
Bernardla 390, Phylanthus 537 till Synexemia 
552, Endoisila 708, Peccana 710, Ditritra712, 
Hexacadtca ap. 3, M. Lacanthis 356, Eu- 
phorbia 1168 till Cyathophora 1189, &c. 

Ficoides or Sycophoresnwny G. Ficus 301 
till Mastosuke 316. 
22 



170 APPENDIX, 

Flosculoscs Fornicaria 721, Flustula 723, 
Ismaria729, Keringa 924M. Brephocton 178^ 
Stahelina 1190 to 1200 &c. 

FraxinidesNestegis 13, Notelea 14, Pos- 
tuera 15 M. Nudijus 727 N. till Samarpses 733. 
Gonoliges or Aphanides Zamzela 534 y 
Sphenista 535, Polylepis 966, Quinasis 968. 

Gratiolides Eusynetra 201 M. 

Guttiferous Ganitrum 319, Perinka 320. 
Clusia ap. 40 to Firkea ap. 44. 

Hederides Allosampela 515. 

Hesperides Apama 29, Kambala 67 Ponc*- 
rus 920 Lolanara 106 M. 

Hypericoides Misipus 321 , Skidanthera 325 
M. Streptima 352, Menetho 353, Episiphis 
729, with several G. not fruticose. 

llexides 169 Cordia 170 till Desmophyla 
211, Acjuifolium 212 till Enepta 260, Lyeium 
261 till Huanuca 274, Oskampia 770, Callicarpa 
ap, 25 to Amictonis 28, Raelathris ap, 75, Cato- 
nia 116 M. several of these G. with single stig- 
mas belong to subfamily LYCIOIDES or Aegiphi- 
lides, 

Justicoides M, Strepsiphus 348, Petalan- 
thera 378, and many G. from Justica 968 till 
Oplonia987. 

Labiates M. 756 (Jnilabiate, many G. Teu- 
crium 757 till Monopsis 763 M. SALVIDES, sev- 
eral frutescent G. Codanthera 789 M, Enipea 
799 M BILABIATE, S. Gnoteris 433, Nostelis 
438 ,.. M. DiodeiJis 750 and N. 60 to 693, 5 G. 
of Origanum 764 M. Piloblephis 604N.Phlo~ 
mides 769 till 785. 

Laurines Laurus 835 till Tamala 865 r 
Knema 872, Tetranthera ap. 56 to Glabraria 
ap, 63. 

Lcguminose* 1 Papttivmdes* Retama 82 



APPENDIX. 171 

and many other G. till Meiemianthera 100, Dia- 
iosperma 382 till Damapana 389, Resupinaria 
718 2 LOMENTIDES. Bessia 33, G. of Mimo- 
sas from Strepsilobus 733 to Melilobus 758,Pleu- 
romenes 926, G. of Bauhinias from 760 to Pha- 
nera 767, Blayuna 928, G> of Cassias 768, 769, 
and from Isandrinia 793 to Octelisia 812 . . . 
Zaga 101 M, Delonix350M. Drepilia 342 N, 

Ldnides 501 M. NumisaurunK502 M. 

Lonicerides M. Kanteinon 523, Distegia 
525 &c. 

Lurides Siphaulax 710, Cohiba 715 M. 

Z#/Ar&fctf~-<luirina 614 till Nesaea 627. 

Malvoides Munchusia 716. 

Meborides, Meborea 1117 M S. Episteira 
20, Fometica 433, Lindera 870, Amictonis? 
ap. 28. 

Melastomides Bellucia 553 till Synodqn 569. 
Octonum 574 till Savastana 604. 

MoridesToxylon 577 N. Fusticus 579 N. 

Myrtides Eustegia 570, Beckea 630 till Ma- 
iidra 659. 

Nauclides Axolus 329, Giiipus 331, Eresi- 
mus 333. 

Nyssides Rhizaeris 532. 

Oleides or Ligustrides Enairnon 8, Pausia 
10, Pogenda 11, Tetrapilus 875 Faulia 314 M. 

Passijlorides, several G. 1120 M. 

Piperides 1 1 Gr. from Piper 489 to Carpu- 
pica 500. 

Plumbagidcs Molubda 771. 

PolygomdcsM. Tephis 404 to Spermau- 
iaxen 416, N. 575. Menophyla 576 M. Pleuros- 
tena 573 N. 

P amides Xeromalon 501 N. Spondolobus 
542 N. 



172 APPENDIX. 

Radiate Montanoa 725, Zexmenia 727 M 
Dectis 148, Orestion 171. 

liesedines Tereianthus 703 M. 

Rhexides Arthrostema 577, Exodiclis 590, 
Ephynes 606 till Bolina 608. 

Rhodorides Stemotis 985. 

Ricinides 630 M . Gandola 325. 

Sarcocides 620 M Raxamaris 624 M. 

Scrophrolarides Dasanthera 396 N. 

Senticoses 9 G. Rubus ap. 12 to Manteia ap. 
24. 

Sesamides Aragoa 939. 

Siphonanthides, 1064 M. 

Solanides, including Cestrides with uniloc. 
berry Benteca 31, Trozelia 275, Disk ion 284, 
Oestrum 292 till 300, besides some Lycioides 
261 to Deprea 300. 

Sphanides or Rubiaceous Bemsetia 25 ? 
Yangapa 71, Rothmania, Pleimeris,Xerompbis, 
Acmostima 101, Jurgensia940 till Patabea 955, 
Hexepta ap. 46. 

Spireades 14 G. from Spirea 971 to Theca- 
nisia 984, Tetracera ap. 52 to Diplotcr ap. 55 
N. Physocarpa 667 till Basilima 674, 

Sterculidcs 20 G. from Sterculia 401 to Ico- 
sinia 432, 

&ymploco%des-~Af. Traxilia 20, Symplocos 
30, Neisandra 37. 

Tamarixides Eudiplex 533 M. 

Tkeaphylincs or Tcrnstromides Theaphyla 
833toDrupifera900. 

Thylaxides Triplobus 683. 

TiKoides Bcdusia 19, Tridesmia 930, Xc- 
ropetalon ? 932. 

Paterides Atuna 991 to Curundia 994. 

Verbascoides 1166 M. Diamonon 284 M. 

Verbenules~S\\timnus 327, Schobera ap. 4 



APPENDIX, 17r3 

M... Kurritis 229, Pilopus 388 till Aloysia 400. 

Viburnides Thyrsosma 814. 

VitexidesEgena. 317 M. Lantana 472 to 
Batindum 477 S. 

N. B, 1 have not attempted to put these 85 
tribes into their Natural Classes, as none of 
those proposed are properly natural,except mine 
which are explained in the first volume of my 
Flora Telluriana. I have ventured however to 
separate from this long Series, another series 
that approximates to the Endogenous Series by 
the regular position of Isoperial stamens, and 
must invite the attention of correct botanists, as 
indicating one or more Natural Classes. 



SECOND SERIES of Natural Orders, families or 
tribes of Trees and Shrubs. 

ENDANTINES (inside oppositing) Cormo- 
phytes. Exogenous, Dicotyle, with regular peri- 
gonal flowers, having the stamens isogonal, 
either opposed and equal in number to the inner 
segments or petals when existing, or alternating 
to those of the outer perigone always present, 

Berberides Odostemon 381. 

Convolvulides M. Kolofonia 1013 till Buch- 
area 1053, including 6 fruticose G. Rhodoxylon 
1033 &c. 

GentianidesM. Roeslinia 495, Ditereia 
1052. 

Guanidcs 8 M Ledelia 996 S. 

Loranthidcs 269 M many G. from Loran- 
thus 781 till Glutago 792, Strepsimela ap. 9. 

Myrsinides many G. from Ampeloplis 155 
till Xantolis 168, Guersentia 989, Myrsine ap. 
65 to Roemeria ap. 72. 

Rhamnides 25 G. from Alaternus 105 till 



174 APPENDIX. 

Hetheringia 154, Nirwamia? 160, Kandena? 
879, Tubanthcra ? 998. 

Sarment&se 12 G. from Cissus 501 till Am- 
pelopsis 514. 

Pselides 735 N. and Samolides 998 N. are 2 
other new tribes of this Series, including some 
shrubs. The Mangides, Evantipes, Menisper- 
rnides, Sapotides, Primulides, and many others 
also belong to it. 

THIRD SERIES of Natural tribes including 
Frutescent Genera. 

ENDOGENES or Monocotyles. 

Aroides Pleurospa 803 M, 

Asparagoides Euphyleia 827 M. Gurenias 
864 M. 

Orchides Many of my revised G, in Flora 
Telluriana, assume frutescent or perennial stems, 

Palms Zelonops 386 M. 

As I stated I have not yet revised the frutes- 
cent Smilaxides and Grasses. 

In my New Sylva of North America, if I had 
few New G. I had many New Sp. of trees and 
shrubs, such as Hamamelis 4, Viscum 4, Fagus 
7, Castanea 4, Evonymus 8, Ceanothus 15, Bu- 
melia 4, Celtis 14, Uimus 6, Morus 5 (in my new 
monograph I will have 25 sp. whereof 7 new,) 
Hydrangea 11. Chionanthus 6, Chrysobalanus 
4, Chrysophylum 2, Anthelis 2, Lonicera 516 to 
530. Spirea 633 to 676, Forestiera 712 to 727. 
with one N. sp. each of Celastrus, Amorpha, Sa- 
pindus, Diospyros, Ccphalanthus &c. 

In my work on Oaks &c, I shall have 27 new 
Quercus. whoreof 22 North American, Fraxi- 
nus and akin Genera, a monograph of 52 sp. 
many new, Myrica 12 sp. of Willows or Sa- 
lix, 22 new Genera or Suhgenera, 6 new sp. &c. 



_^ 175 

INDEX, 

Of the Genera and Subgenera of Trees and 

Shrubs included in this Sylv a Synonyms 

are in Italics. 



Abrophacs 598 
Acakia 736 &c, 926 
Acanthus 922 
Acinodendron 560 
Acinolis 565. 
Acmostima 101 
Acnadena 198 
Acuston 820. 
Adansonia 957 
Adipera 807 
Afarca 127 
Ageria 226 to 240 
Agonon ap. 26. 
Aguava 656 
Agyneia 69 
Ajovea 846 
Alaternus 105 
Aleome 691 
Alicabon 297 
Alicteres 430 
Alifana 607 
Allohemia 787 
Allostis 634 
Allosarnpela 715 
Aliosemis 579 
Alyssum 820 
Amalago 491 
Ametron 21 ap. 
Armctoms 28 ap. 
Ampcloplia 155 
Ampclopsis 514 
Amphione 819 
Ainpomele 20 ap. 



Amyrsia 651 
Anavinga 960 
Anisora 421 
Anneslia 756 
Antisola 584 
Anthelis 827 
Antheryta 575 
Antriba 789 
Apama 29 
Apartium 88 
Aponoa 488 
Aquifolium 212 
Aragoa 939 
Ardisia 70 ap. 
Arguzia 74 ap. 
Arivala 679 
Arinemia 245 
Arthrostema 578 
Aruncus 982 
Asacara 787 
Ascleia 269. 
Ascyrum 620 
Aspalathus 382-9 
Atadinus 129 
Atalanta 704 
Atropa 281-8, 775 
Atulandra 140 
Atuna 991 
Aubion 680 
Auliphas 567 
Aulonix 99 
Avornella 93 
A way us 975 



176 



INDEX. 



Axolus 329. 
Ayparia 992 

Badula 68 ap. 
Banlanghas 403 
Balanopsis 840, ap. 7 
Ballota 436-7 
Basilima 979. 
Batindum 477 
Bauhinia 760-7, 928 

Beckea 630-4 
Bedusia 19 
Bellucia 553 
Bemsettia 25 
Benkara 593 
Benteca 31 
Benthamia 817 
Benzoina 834 
Berberis 373-80 
Berchemia 151-3 
Bergenia 616 
Bernardia 390 
Besleria 391, 442 
Bessia 33 
Betela 500 
Bidens 721 _ 
Bignonia 445-65 
Binaria 761 
Birolia 41 ap. 
Blepetalon 131 
Bolina 608 
Borellia 196 
Bourreria 203 
Braxilis 258 
Braxipis 408 
Breynia 674 
Bronnia 964 
Brunsvia 347 



Bryanthea 59 ap. 
Burcardia 653 

Cajanum 98 
Callicarpa 25-28 ap. 
Calligonum 29 ap. 
Calostima 731 
Calsiana 23 
Camaion 427 
Camirium 345 
Carnphora 857 
Cansenia 764 
Capparis 664-94 
Carapichea 946 
Cardiolepis 116-120 
Carpichea 184 
Cascabela 35 ap. 
Cascarilla 339 
Casearia 959. 

Cassia 768-9, 794 to 
812. 

Cassine2l9 

Uaucanthus 404 

Dausonia 510 

^elosia 777-80 

;ephalanthus 327-34 

])erbera 31-35 ap. 

Oestrum 280, 292-5 

Chetocrater 961 

Chionanthus 874. 

Chrysophylum 989 

Cinnamomum 852 

Cinogasum 337 

Cissus50l-14 

Cistus 823-33 

Citrus 901-20 

Gladeria 27 

Clastilix 600 



INDEX. 



Cleome 676 to 707, 
Clompanus 41 1 
Cluacena 635 
Clusia 40-44 ap. 
Coalisina 706 
Codium 351 
Coffea 45-48 ap. 
Coilantlrera 175 
olaria413 
Colletia 154 
Colococa 187-92 
Colpurnia 220 
Columnea 485-8 
Conamia 550 
Conocarpus 532 
Conyza 723 
Cordia 170 to 200 
Corniola 92 
Cottana 305 
Crantzia 394 
Crateva 662 
Crescentia 466-71 
Cristella 698 
Croton 335-72, 390 
Crozophora 369 
Crozophyla 351-5 
Cubeba 492, ap. 60 
Culhamia 417, ap. 5 
Cumbata 17 ap, 
Cumetea 655 
Cupamenis 371 
Cuparilla 752 
Cuphea 614-20 
Curnilia 78 
Curpupica 500 
Curondia 994, 
Cylactls 15 ap. 



Cytisus 96-100 

Dahunia 228 
Damapana 389 
Damburneya 864 
Dancera 557 
Decapenta 57 ap. 
Decarinium 358 
Decateles 165 
Decorima 136 
Dendrema 34 
Dendrosicus 466 
Deprea 300 
Derosiphia 611 
Desmitus 893. 
Desmophyla 211 
Dialanthera 796 
Dialion 521 
Diallobus 801 
Dialosperma 382 
Diaxulon 95 
Dictisperma 14 ap. 
Diospyros 21 
Dipetalon 626 
Dipliathus 848 
Diplisca 143 
Diplukion 268 
Diplotax 811 ap. 
Diploter 55 ap. 
Diskion 284 
Dispara 968 
Disterepta 794 
Distixila 762 
Ditremexa 798 
Ditrisynia 356 
Ditritra 712 
Drepadenium 357 



178 



INDEX. 



Drimopogon 973 
Drupifera 900 
Dupineta 613 

Ectemis 182 
Editeles 625 
Ehretia 203-11 
Elayuna 928 
Eleiastis 54 ap. 
Eleiosina 972. 
Eleodendron 156 
Eleocarpus 318-23 
Eliopia 529-31 
Elwertia 43 ap, 
Emblica 539 
Emelista 800 
Emetila 224 
Emurtia 649 
Enaimon 8 
Endecaria 617 
Endocarpa 850 
Endoisila 708 
Endoloma 460 
Endotropis 144 
Entada 742 
Ephaiola 775 
Epicoila 790 
Epicostorus 977 
Episteira 69 
Eplateia 298 
Epleienda 658 
Eresimus 333 
Eriphia 442-4 
Eriocylax 385 
Erithalis 772-4 
Erpila 476 
Esclerona 750 



Storloba 458 
Stubila 788, ap. 1O 
Eugenia 655-9 
Euphorbia 108-15 
Eustegia 570-3 

uteline 94 
Svanesca 648 

velyna ) 837 

vosmus ap. 50 

verion 779 
Evoista 289 

xodeconus 299 

xodiclis 590 

Fakeloba 383 
Farsetia 920 
Ferronia 418 
Piaiaris 66 ap. 
Ficus 301-17 
Vilipend ula 983 
Fimbrolina 400 
Firensia 187-90 
Firkea 44 ap, 
Flustula 723 
Folianthera 749 
Folomfis 588 
Fometiea 433 
Forgeruxia 147 
Fornicaria 721 
Fouquiera 962 
Frangula 111 
Fumana 829 

Galiziola 71 ap. 
Gandola 325 
Ganitrum 319 
Gardenia 71-77 



INDEX* 



179 



Genista 92-94 
Gerascanthus 194 
Gillenia 981 
Gilipus 331 
Girtaneria 112 
Glabraria 63 ap. 
Gleditsia 756-8 
Glutago 792 
Glycanthes 485 
Gnoteris 435-7 
Gomphotis 631 
Gomphrena 780 
Gonema 581 
Gonistema 495 
Gonoloma 504 
Gonosuke 308 
Gonufas 777 
Gordonia 38 ap. 
Gossypium 35 to 66 
Gregia 6 ap. 
Grislea 621 
Guersentia 989 
Gumifera 738 
Gynesephyla 749 
Gynetera 53 ap, 
Gynomphis 597 
Gynophalis 674 

Halecus 340 
Hecatandra 743 
Heckeria 58 ap. 
Hedusa 612 
Helicteres 410-32 
Heliotropium 517-31 
Hematophyla 397 
Hemiscola 688 
Hemidesma 741 



Heptalon 359-03 
Hepteireca 795 
Heritiera 434 
Hermupoa 51 ap. 
Herpetica 769 
Hetheringia 154 
Heuclinia 67 ap. 
Hexacadica 3 ap, 
Hexepta 46 ap, 
Hibiscus 716 
Hieranthes 456 
Hippoxylon 452 
Hirtella 534-5 
Horanthes 832 
Huanuca 274 
Hyphipus 781 

Icosinia 431 
Icostegia 42 ap. 
Ilex 202, 212 to 244 

255 to 258. 
Intutis 665 
Ipecacuana 944 
Ireon 877 
Irsiola 502 
Isandrina 793 
Isexina 696 
Ism aria 729 
Iticania 783 
Ituterion 505 

Jaravea 592 
Jurgensia 940 

Kadalia 610 
Kambala 67 
Kandena 879 



180 



INDKX. 



Karaka 407 
Karkandela 650 
Karpas 36 
Kavalama 406 
Kemelia 891 
Kemoxis 503 
Kenkramis 304 
Keringa 924 
Kigelkeia 64 a p. 
Kirganelia 548 
Enema 872 
Kokabus 287 
Kukolis 286 
Kurkas 336 

Laburnum 95 
Lacistema 497 
Lactaria 33 ap. 
Ladanum 824 
Lagansa 678 
Lanigernm 38 
Lantana 472-84 
Lasipana 80 
Laurus 835-69, ap. 56 

to 63 

Ledelia 996 
Leiofaium 37 
Lepianthus 493 
Leptemon 372 
Leucoxylon 445-7 
Libanotis 826 
Lindera 870 
Linociera 874 
Lithoplis 145 
Litsea 60 ap. 
Lomanthes 546 
Lomastelma 657 



Lomeria 295 
Lomoplis 737 
Lophalix, 394 
Loranthus 781-92, ap* 

8 to 11 
Lugaion 85 
Lunaria 922 
Luntia 338 
Lycium 261-28U, 289 
Lygoplis 91 
Lygos 82 
Lythrum 623-9 

Mabola 21 
Macucua 227 
Mahonia 381 
Maieta 601 
Malabathris 587 
Malidra 659 
Malnerega 921 
Mandarus 721 
Mafiglilla 72 ap. 
Manteia 24 ap. 
Marcorella 139 
Marottia 999 
Marsesina 694 
Mascalanthus 552 
Mastosuke 316 
Meialisa 350 
Meiemianthera 100 
Meiena 782 
Melastoma 555 to 604 
Melfona 624 
Melidiscus 681 
Melilobus 758 
Melvilla 619 
Mesosphorum 435 



INDEX. 



181 



Mcssermidia 73-5 ap, 
Mctcrana 364-8 
Methysticum 500 
Millingtonia 881 
Milnea 70 ap, 
Misipus 321 
Mimosa 733 to 56 
Mitostax 748 
Mitostylis 707 
Moeroris 542 
Molubda 771, 
Monoteles 766 
Montanoa 725 
Mozambo 602 
Munchusia 716 
Murrinea 634 
Myginda 201 
Myrsine 65-8 ap. 
My rsti phyla 954 
Myrtus 636-52 
Mystacinus 133 

Nareca 594 
Necalistis 310 
Nectandra 843 
Nefrakis 386 
Neisandra 37 ap. 
Neisosperma 32 ap. 
Nellica 544 
Neltama 747 
Nesaea 627 
Nestegis 13 
Nevosmila 662 
Nevrilis 881 
Nictitella 804 
Niruris 540 
Nisoralis 424 



Nirwamia 160 
IVostclis 438-41 
Notelea 14 
Notholex 234 
Novella 185 
Nubigena 187 

Octanema 693 
Octelisia 812 
Octella 583 
3ctonum 574 
Odisca 464 
Odollama 31 ap. 
Odostemon 381 
Odotalon 370 
Oenoplia 151 
Olea 1 to 13, ap. 2. 
Oligloron 675 
Olofuton671 
Oluntos 311 
Oncufis 707 
Opanea 652 
Ophelia 957 
Ophiocaulon 819 
Oplukion 266 
Opsago 281 
Opsopea 416 
Osbeckia 609-13 
Dskampia 770 
Osteorax 221 
Oxisma 564 
Oxodium 496 
Ozanthes 836 
Ozoxeta 426 

Palicuria 953 
Paliurus 148 
Paltoria 229 



182 



INDEX. 



Pancovia 13 ap. 
Panisia 806 
Panthocarpa 744 
Parqiys 294 
Patabea 955 
Pattara 16 
Pauletia 763 
Pausia (Cartrema) 10 
Pavetta 101 
Paxistima 201 
Peccana 710 
Pedastis 709 
Pederlea 277 
Peiranisia 797 
Peltomesa 791 
Penteka 341 
Pentelisia 935 
Peperomia 490 
Perfonon 121-3 
Periana 474 
Pericla 697 
Perima 735 
Perinka 320 
Peristima 725 
Peritoma 695 
Persimon 49 ap. 
Perula 312 
Phanera 767 
Phylaurea 351 
Phyllirea 816 
Phyllanthus 537-51 
Physalis 296 
Physocarpa 976 
Piloisia 206 
Pimentus 642 
Pioctonum 517-20 
Piper 489-500 



Platolaria 448 
Pleimeris 74 
Pleureia 942 
Pleuromenes 92G 
Pleuteron 673 
Plicula 285 
Plumbago 771 
Podolobus 703 
Pogenda 11 
Polylepis 966 
Pomaderis 99 6 
Pomponax 736 
Poncirus 920 
Pongelia 454 
Postuera 15 
Potamoxylon 450 
Prinos 244 to 254, 260 
Prisciana 705 
Proterpia 462 
Psidium 654 
Psistina 833 
P seder a 511 
Psychotria 942-56 
Pukanthus 264, ap, 1 
Pyrgus 69 ap, 

Quarena 181 
Ctuinaria 511 
Quinasis 968 

Raclathris 75 ap. 
Rafinesquia 458 
Rephesis 313 
Resupinaria 718 
Retama 82 
Rhamnus 104 to 159 
Rhexia 605-8 



INDEX, 



Rhizaeris 532 
Riddeiia 70 J 
Rinxostylis 508 
Roerneria 72 ap, 
Ronabea 252 
Rosalesia 729 
Rubus 12 24 ap. 
Ruellia 935 

Saelanthus 507 
Sarcomphala 124 
Sasanqua 895 
Sassafras 898 
Satureia 438-41 
Saurobroma 150 
Savastana C04 
Scaligera 384 
Scheperia 677 
Schizonotus 978 
Schobera 4 ap. 
Sclerocladus 162 
Scolodea 805 
Scolosperma 685 
Scorpianthes 623 
Scurrula 786, ap. 8 
Scborium 347 
Sebestena 176-80 
Selnolition 16 ap. 
Sernarilla 933 
Semetor 387 
Semnos 27 ap. 
Semilta 349 
Sernnos 27 ap. 
Scnegalia 743 
Senkebergia 393 
Senna 768 
Sensitiva 740 



Sererea 660 
Sericandra 746 
Sericola 558 
Sericotheca 980 
Sesbania 718 
Sethia 928 
Sideroxylon 159-68 
Sieruela 691 
Sitamrms 327 
Siliquaria 690 
Simira 948 
Skidanthera 323 
Sonneratia 68 
Sotularia 595 
Southwellia 412 
Spartium 82-91 
Sphenista 535 
Spherosuke 303 
Spirea 971-84 
Spiroloba 739 
Spondogona 164 
Stanleya 703 
Stegitris 828 
Stemoxis 985 
Sterculia 401-18 
Strepsilobus 733 
Strepsimila*9 ap> 
Strobon 825 
Stuartia 39 ap. 
Subrisia 209 
Sucomoros 302 
Sukeon 307 
Symplocos 36 ap. 
Synexemia 552 
Synodon 569 
Synoptera 596 
Synstirna 241-4 



(84 



INDEX. 



Synzistachium 528 

Taguaria 787 
Tagera 810 
Tamala 865 
Tapogamea 945 
Tarenaya 687 
Telestria 965 
Terega 306 
Teremis 271 
Tetranthera 56 ap. 
Tetracera 52-55 ap. 
Tetrapilus 875 
Theaphyla 883 
Thecanisia 984 
Theodoria 418 
Thevetia 536 ap. 34 
Thottea 682 
Thyrsosma 814 
Tiaridium 527 
TibucMna 604 
Tococa 602 
Tomex 62 ap, 
Topiaris 207 
Topobea 603 
Toquera 191 
Traxilisa 29 ap. 
Traxilum 204 
Tremotis 314 
Triclanthera 668 
Tridermia 930 
Trilepta 475 
Triplandra 314 
Triplobus (Triphaca) 
683 



Triplomeia 687 
Troximon 494 
Trozelia 275 

Ulticona 288 
Urtica 731 
Uruparia 950 

Valteta 267 
Varinga 309 
Varronia 200-7 
Verlangia 156-9 
Verzinum 89 

Wadea 293 
Warea 700 
Woodfordia 621 

Xantolis 168 
Xamacrista 799 
Xamedrion 974 
Xeracina 591 
Xeromphis 76 
Xeropetalon 932 
Xolanthes 830 
Xylophyla 545 

Yangapa 71 

Zamzela 534 
Zexmania 78? 
Ziegiera 559 
Zigmaloba 754 
Ziziphus 149-54 
onablephis 922 



Zulatia 589 

Correction For Pausia 10 real Cartrcma 
at. meaning poribrato nut, having already 
mother (T. Pausiti in flora tclluriana 1139. 



SOME OTHER WORKS OF FROF. RAFINESQUE. 

BOTANICAL WORKS -Flora Telluriana or 
Supplement to alt Botanies, with 1225 new or 
corrected Genera, and over 2000 sp. 4 parts 
or volumes, $ 5. 

New Flora of North America, supplemen- 
tal to all others, 1000 articles, N. Gen. and sp. 
4 parts or vol. $ 5. 

Medical Flora of the United States, 2 vol. 
100 figures, $3. 

Monographs of the Roses, Vines, Mulber- 
ries, Oaks, Ash-trees #c of North America, 
several parts. 

The Florist with 36 figures. 

NATURAL HISTORY Fishes of the River 
Ohio.$L 

New Animals and plants of Sicily, 100 
figures $1. 

Analysis of Nature $ 2 

Many pamphlets, discoveries in Zoology and 
Botany, Annals of Nature, Shells of Ohio, 
Neogenyton, my Cabinet, Herbaruim, Obser- 
vations and ReF'iarches &c. 

OTHER WORKS Life, travels and resear- 
ches in Europe and America, 75 cents, 

Atlantic Journal, with 160 tracts on all 
Sciences $ 2, 

American Nations before Columbus 2 vol. 
$3. 

Philosophy of Instability $ 1. 50. 

Celestial Wonders and Philosophy ,50 cents. 

Genius and Spirit of the Hebrew Bible, f 1, 

Large discounts for wholesale,