Update Composer Version

[Carolina Bornman]

BecauseComposer is heavily geared toward utilizing version control systemslike git, the term "version" can be a little ambiguous. In the sense of aversion control system, a "version" is a specific set of files that containspecific data. In git terminology, this is a "ref", or a specific commit,which may be represented by a branch HEAD or a tag. When you check out thatversion in your VCS -- for example, tag v1.1 or commit e35fa0d --, you'reasking for a single, known set of files, and you always get the same files back.

When Composer has a complete list of available versions from your VCS, it thenfinds the highest version that matches all version constraints in your project(it's possible that other packages require more specific versions of thelibrary than you do, so the version it chooses may not always be the highestavailable version) and it downloads a zip archive of that tag to unpack in thecorrect location in your vendor directory.

If you want Composer to check out a branch instead of a tag, you need to point it to the branch using the special dev-* prefix (or sometimes suffix; see below). If you're checking out a branch, it's assumed that you want to work on the branch and Composer actually clones the repo into the correct place in your vendor directory. For tags, it copies the right files without actually cloning the repo. (You can modify this behavior with --prefer-source and --prefer-dist, see install options.)

In the above example, if you wanted to check out the my-feature branch, you would specify dev-my-feature as the version constraint in your require clause. This would result in Composer cloning the my-library repository into my vendor directory and checking out the my-feature branch.

When branch names look like versions, we have to clarify for Composer that we're trying to check out a branch and not a tag. In the above example, we have two version branches: v1 and v2. To get Composer to check out one of these branches, you must specify a version constraint that looks like this: v1.x-dev. The .x is an arbitrary string that Composer requires to tell it that we're talking about the v1 branch and not a v1 tag (alternatively, you can name the branch v1.x instead of v1). In the case of a branch with a version-like name (v1, in this case), you append -dev as a suffix, rather than using dev- as a prefix.

Composer recognizes the following stabilities (in order of stability): dev,alpha, beta, RC, and stable where RC stands for release candidate. The stabilityof a version is defined by its suffix e.g version v1.1-BETA has a stability ofbeta and v1.1-RC1 has a stability of RC. If such a suffix is missinge.g. version v1.1 then Composer considers that version stable. In additionto that Composer automatically adds a -dev suffix to all numeric branches andprefixes all other branches imported from a VCS repository with dev-. In bothcases the stability dev gets assigned.

There's one more thing that will affect which files are checked out of a library's VCS and added to your project: Composer allows you to specify stability constraints to limit which tags are considered valid. In the above example, note that the library released a beta and two release candidates for version 1.1 before the final official release. To receive these versions when running composer install or composer update, we have to explicitly tell Composer that we are ok with release candidates and beta releases (and alpha releases, if we want those). This can be done using either a project-wide minimum-stability value in composer.json or using "stability flags" in version constraints. Read more on the schema page.

You can specify the exact version of a package. This will tell Composer toinstall this version and this version only. If other dependencies requirea different version, the solver will ultimately fail and abort any installor update procedures.

Note: Be careful when using unbounded ranges as you might end upunexpectedly installing versions that break backwards compatibility.Consider using the caret operator instead for safety.

Note: If you are using PowerShell on Windows, you have to escapecarets when using them as argument on the CLI for example when using thecomposer require command. You have to use foursubsequent caret operators, e.g. ^^^^1.2.3, to ensure the caret operator getspassed to Composer correctly.

To allow various stabilities without enforcing them at the constraint levelhowever, you may use stability-flags like@ (e.g. @dev) to let Composer know that a given packagecan be installed in a different stability than your default minimum-stabilitysetting. All available stability flags are listed on the minimum-stabilitysection of the schema page.

You can test version constraints using semver.madewithlove.com.Fill in a package name and it will autofill the default version constraintwhich Composer would add to your composer.json file. You can adjust theversion constraint and the tool will highlight all releases that match.

This installer script will simply check some php.ini settings, warn you if they are set incorrectly, and then download the latest composer.phar in the current directory. The 4 lines above will, in order:

By default the installer and composer self-update will download the latest stable version only. You may select a different download channel though.

If you would like to help test pre-release versions you can use the --preview flag on either the installer or self-update.

For snapshot builds, which are done from the latest Composer commit, you can use the --snapshot flag.

To programmatically install specific major versions you can use the --1 or --2 flag. To select the latest 2.2 LTS you can use --2.2.

There's an ongoing bug with composer that is hit or miss between composer versions 11.3.0 to 11.5.0 where the file/folder view portion of composer doesn't actually show any of the files/folders of your source or package. Its there if you kind of know where the folders would be if you just randomly click around the screen but everything in that section is like hidden.

I'm tried this version of composer on two separate machines (M2 and intel chip) with the issue. Some of the threads of those with the same issue said Composer 11.4.0 appears to be the most stable working. Only Composer 11.5.0 is available for me to download through my profile.

If you have Jamf Pro, then login to , then under the "Products" category select "Jamf Pro", then "Download". From here you'll be able to specify the version of the Jamf Pro Apps (which includes Composer) you wish to download. In this case v11.4.0 is the last fully working version of Jamf Composer.

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In Cloud Composer 3, new Airflow builds become available witheach Cloud Composer release. When you create an environment, asan option, you can specify a specific build to use with the chosen Airflowversion. After an environment is created, it keeps using the same build ofAirflow until you upgrade it to a later build or a later version of Airflow.

In Cloud Composer 2 and Cloud Composer 1, new images become available witheach Cloud Composer release. When you create an environment, youspecify an image version to use. After an environment is created, it keepsusing the specified image version until you upgrade it to a later version.

In Google Cloud CLI, API, or Terraform, you can upgrade an existingenvironment to the latest supported versions, three previousversions of Cloud Composer, and to versions with an extendedupgrade timeline. It's not possible to upgrade to other versions ofCloud Composer, even if they are still supported and can be usedto create a new environment.

If you use a version with disabled upgrades, we recommend to create a newenvironment side-by-side, then migrate all your DAGs to the new environment.Once you confirm that the new environment works, delete the environment withdisabled upgrades if you don't need it anymore.

Support dates for Cloud Composer 3 versions can be listed asTo be announced. The exact end of support date for these versions isdetermined when a new minor version of Airflow becomes available inCloud Composer 3.

If I use just php composer.phar install, then I'm using PHP 4.4.6, which is horribly insufficient. However, I can run php5.5 composer.phar install, get a little bit further, but it still fails because somewhere along the line, PHP is called again, but it fails, as it's using 4.4.6.

Using this tip from @tobymackenzie: on shared hosts you really should just run composer install (not update!) from a composer.lock file you created on your own machine. That way the memory usage remains very low.

I wish I had a better answer myself but I am unsure what is the best solution. Personally I would go with a solution which make sure PHP is called with the correct version on the host (e.g. via an alias or setting the PHP environment correctly, running the entire operation inside a container or some other solution), regardless of Composer and add a platform php constraint.

In my case, both of these use my default php script (which is version7.4). So, while the 7.2 version is used to run Composer, the scriptscalled by Composer use the default command (unless you use @php instead of php1).

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