Every truck modification shop is going to have their own way of doing it and they will always tell you that their way is the best and they have never had a problem doing it their way, so you have to take it with a grain of salt. I personally wouldn't do a z-cut or any cut that has sharp corners in it as those corners are going to create stress risers (spots where stresses are higher due to not being evenly distributed).
This was the plan and here's the "execution". First deal with the stubby frame "leftovers". Note the "precision" leveling of the frame rails for cutting and eventual welding of the frame rail extensions.
Gee that's funny I printed that manual out 80 some pages worth maybe I should take a closer look at it. I am going at this progect with idea that if I sell this truck some body might use it for what it was designed for and put something heavy on it. maybe over kill for hauling a rv but thinking of the day I have to sell it. Got to keep my options open
We used gas torch. I suppose plasma would work if it had the ball to do it. lot of them are for sheet metal. Both sides were V grooved and welded on both sides. We did not fish plate. We did not grind the welds except in couple of small areas on the inside of the rails where things needed to be flush.
I have a plasma that is supposed to cut up to 3/8 of an inch planning to use a liner and to use it as a backer plate and burn the welding rod into it just like I would do when performing a weld test should work fine .also planning to bevel all weld surfaces. liner will also be bolted. do you think this will work ? maybe over kill but that's the way I am when in doubt build it stout.
Following.... I have a Northern Tool plasma cutter and needed a shape cut in 1/4". Between the air pressure and the rated power it really struggled. It was quicker to just get it close and grind the rest.
Total lineal ft of frame that I need is 9 ft because of the rake of the dove tail I am not actually adding a lot of length to the truck. Don't know if this makes any sense. But it is the only way I can explain it
That is a lot of rail,. I would use tempered steel (either new or used for "donor" frame). do a long "z" cut to weld them together, fishplate the joint and add at least one brace between the extended rails.
Glen the 7018 was easier to fill and cap the weld. I ran split pass on the cap as it was over an inch wide with double bevel and gap. Just came down to convenience. Besides my little dry torch would have got a serious workout running that much weld continuous for the 2 frame rails.
B-U2a weld? 3/8 root with 30 deg bevel or 1/4 with a 45 degree? By the way, agree with the 7018 lo-hy rod for structural welding but was curious on your prep. Also wondering if you left your backer bar on the weld or if you arc gouged it off.
I left the backer strip on. There was no harm with it being left on. I ran it hot enough that it was mostly consumed. Everyone has their own way. This worked well for me. I am not a professional welder but can hold my own with tig and stick. Never been a huge fan or great with mig but most of my mig experience has been short arc in high production welding which is what I did through college working for Icon.
For a B-U2a weld, the "B" indicates a butt joint which is just 2 parts butted into each other (instead of a T or corner). The U means the base metal can be an unlimited thickness, 2 indicates a single V grove (just one side is prepped, not near side and far side)and the "a" indicates a SMAW weld process (Shielded Manual Arc Weld), otherwise known as stick welding.
The parts have a gap (called the root opening) that is left open at the bottom of the "V" to be welded to make sure the weld fully penetrates the base metal. To have something to weld against, you add a small bar (1/8 to 1/4 in thickness and 1 to 1.5 inches wide) to put a "bottom" in the weld called a backer bar. The sides are then ground to give you a bevel shaped like a "V" to fully weld the two pieces together. That gap and grove angle are specified depending on the weld. In this particular weld, you could use a 1/4" root opening with a 45 degree groove angle, a 3/8" root opening with a 30 degree groove angle or a 1/2" root opening with a 20 degree groove angle.
That weld, done in that manner with the correct electrodes and settings will give you a B-U2a Full penetration weld as per the AWS D1.1 manual. I live by that manual doing the work we do. I have learned to not look at the welds on RV's anymore, they just give me heartburn.
Glenn, you might be one hell of a pipe welder but a butt weld, groove weld, J weld and others in the AWS have very specific requirements and uses. A "stupid butt weld" is limited in thickness and must have a backer bar or backer weld to be a pre-qualified full penetration weld.
Part of that process, verifying the design and calibrating the machine, are helped along with simple Python scripts that I created and am sharing as free open source. This guide explains how to to use these optional tools in the appropriate places in the process.
I have tested these tools and process and they work well for me. That said, all tools and advice presented in this document are at your own risk - I take no responsibility for anything that goes wrong!
However, any interconnects in your design will be performance limited in terms of frequency, stray capacitance, unintended resistance and connection reliability. It's not all bad since you get to exercise some troubleshooting skills and things seems to work fine most of the time.
Like a breadboard but with better reliability and permanence. Making one of these is a bit labor intensive though and there are few economies of scale when making multiple copies. Operating frequency is also usually limited due to the lack of careful layout, stray capacitances and the lack of a ground plane.
Single-sided boards are a good fit. Simple double sided boards also work well (often just a few hand-wired patch wires on the back is enough). CNCing both sides of a board (for complex designs) is possible but requires alignment techniques that are out-of-scope for this guide.
I have not tried this one yet (and am meaning to soon) but have read and watched videos on the process. Overall, it seems similar to CNC - perhaps a bit easier to dial in the process and get good results. There are some clear downsides however. One is having to work with some nasty chemicals that literally dissolve metal. A second drawback is that drilling holes and cutting out the board are not handled by the process.
If you need many copies, > 2 layers, or have a complex design, ordering a manufactured PCB is your best option. You also get a solder mask for easier soldering and a silkscreen to label component and provide other notes.
Turn around latency is around a week. Cost is in the $20-$60 range (including shipping) assuming that your board design is perfect. If not, you'll consume additional weeks and money on iterations (thus many designs, including commercial products, have unpopulated "just in case" areas as a form of insurance).
The first step to CNC is creating a schematic in an appropriate software tool. I'm going to use KiCAD. I used to use Eagle but many agree that KiCAD has surpassed it. Eagle and many others will still work fine, however, as they can all export Gerber plots (the "handoff" data format).
Some complex circuits require fine traces and tight spacing to allow for placement of tiny surface-mounted components. These are possible with CNC but do not make an ideal beginner project. While learning, a more forgiving project will help you be successful as you learn. My suggested starter project is thus a simple button adapter for breadboards. See above for the schematic.
This design is good to start with because it is quick to CNC and has forgiving tolerances. It's also useful as standard buttons do often do not fit securely in a breadboard as these will. Finally, it has a mix of surface mount and through-hole components.
If you are just starting with KiCAD, one way to set the footprint is to click on it in the schematic, then type "e" to bring up its dialog, where you can select the footprint. I also suggest watching some of John's Basement KiCAD tutorial (or similar).
Above is an image of the SMD buttons I chose. They are 6x3.5mm. I could not find any footprints for these in the KiCAD library. The files probably exist somewhere on the internet, but it's really quite fast and easy to make a custom one in KiCAD (using the Footprint Editor), and that is what I did. John's Basement, video #12 demonstrates how to do this.
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