I did something a while back where I keyed a cyclical animation on the emitter's rate, 20,000 for a frame or two. 0 for a frame or two - constant curves in the f-curve editor, the result looked like a machine gun firing. Saved it as a mixer clip and linked the mixer to a square which allowed the animators to control the machine gun firing without having to mess with the simulation at all. It's either firing or it's not, and when it's firing the rate was already cycling. They set up their keys, cache it and it was good to go.