For your uses you listed:
1. Calls: handled natively
2. Text: Hangouts is Google's step towards what Apple has with Messages. It covers chat (formerly known as Google Talk) and text. The two are not threaded together though. SMS chats and Hangouts chats will be listed separately. If you look at this screenshot here:
you'll see that some of the chats there have a small "SMS" written in the bottom right of the user photo. That's what I mean that they are separate. Hangouts doesn't choose the best way to send your message to a user. You have to choose between sms or chat.
3. Email: The Google Gmail app is great. If you have other accounts that aren't being forwarded/checked by your gmail account, sadly you can't just add those to the gmail app since it's literally JUST a gmail app. There's a normal "Email" app that comes with android for all other types. Samsung has their own version of this app that you'll have. I've never used it, but needless to say, you have 2 options.
If the idea of 2 different apps sounds awful to you, I'd suggest using the non-gmail app and just using the "Email" app to check all of your accounts. You'll just lose all of the gmail-specific things you get to do when you use the gmail app with your gmail account.
4. Reading: Kindle, etc apps exist. You shouldn't have any issue there.
5. Bible: I'd have to defer to other people on the list for this one
6. Writing: I write in plaintext or markdown, so I mainly use an app called Draft:
It supports Markdown and has built in Dropbox support.
One thing you should remember is that every OEM tailors their own version of Android. So if there are things you like or dislike, don't be so quick to think "I don't like Android." You might just not like Samsung's version of it.
Also remember that almost every single thing in the OS can be replaced and set as default. Don't like using Chrome as your browser? Install Dolphin and set it to the your default. Ditto for photo apps, email apps, etc.
The home screen and launcher can also be changed too.
If you want to see how stock android handles the home screen with built in google now support, just go and install it:
etc.
Lots of options for you.