Destruction of Hindu Temples.Christian Prisoners.EIGHTH YEAR OF THE REIGN, 1044 A.H. (1634 A. D.)
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yogesh saxena
Jul 4, 2009, 6:23:37 AM7/4/09
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Destruction of Hindu Temples.
[p. 449] It had been brought to the notice of His Majesty that during
the late reign many idol temples had been begun, but remained
unfinished at Benares, the great stronghold of infidelity. The
infidels were now desirous of completing them. His Majesty, the
defender of the faith, gave orders that at Benares, and throughout all
his dominions in every place, all temples that had been begun should
be cast down. It was now reported from the province of Allahabad that
seventy-six temples had been destroyed in the district of Benares.
Christian Prisoners.
[Text, vol. I. P. 534.] On the 11th Muharram, [1043 A.H.], Kasim Khan
and Bahadur Kambu brought * * * * 400 Christian prisoners, male and
female, young and old, with the idols of their worship, to the
presence of the faith-defending Emperor. He ordered that the
principles of the Muhammadan religion should be explained to them, and
that they should be called upon to adopt it. A few appreciated the
honour offered to them and embraced the faith: they experienced the
kindness of the Emperor. But the majority in perversity and wilfulness
rejected the proposal. These were distributed among the amire, who
were directed to keep these despicable wretches in rigorous
confinement. When any one of them accepted the true faith, a report
was to be made to the Emperor, so that provision might be made for
him. Those who refused were to be kept in continual confinement. So it
came to pass that many of them passed from prison to hell. Such of
their idols as were likenesses of the prophets were thrown into the
Jumna, the rest were broken to pieces.
EIGHTH YEAR OF THE REIGN, 1044 A.H. (1634 A. D.)
The Peacock Throne.
[p. 62.] in the course of years many valuable gems had come into the
Imperial jewel-house, such one of which might serve as an ear-drop for
Venus, or would adorn the girdle of the Sun. Upon the accession of the
Emperor, it occurred to his mind that, in the opinion of far-seeing
men, the acquisition of such rare jewels and the keeping of such
wonderful brilliants can only render one service, that of adorning the
throne of empire. They ought therefore, out to be put to such a use,
that beholders might share in and benefit by their splendour, and that
Majesty might shine with increased brilliancy. It was according
ordered that, in addition to the jewels in the Imperial jewel-house,
rubies, garnets, diamonds, rich pearls and emeralds, to the value of
200 lacs of rupees, should be brought for the inspection of the
Emperor, and that they, with some exquisite jewels of great weight,
exceeding 50,000 miskals, and worth eighty-six lacs of rupees, having
been carefully selected, should be handed over to Be-badal Khan, the
superintendent of the goldsmith’s department. There was also to be
given to him one lac to tolas of pure gold, equal to 250,000 miskals
in the weight and fourteen lacs of rupees in value. The throne was to
be three gas in length, two and a half in breadth, and five in height,
and was to be set with the above-mentioned jewels. The outsider of the
canopy was to be of enamel work with occasional gems, the inside was
to be thickly set with rubies, garnets, and jewels, and it was to be
supported by twelve emerald columns. On the top of each pillar there
were to be two peacocks thick set with gems, and between each two
peacocks a tree set with rubies and diamonds, emeralds and pearls. The
ascent was to consist of three steps set with jewels of fine water.
This throne was completed in the course of seven years at a cost of
100 lacs of rupees. Of the eleven jewelled recesses (takhta) formed
around it for cushions, the middle one, intended for the seat of the
Emperor, cost ten lacs of rupees. Among the jewels set in this recess
was a ruby worth a lax of rupees, which Shah Abbas, the King of Iran,
had present to the late Emperor Jahangir, who sent it to his present
Majesty, the Sahib Kiran-i sani, when he accomplished Sahib-kiran
(Timur), Mir Shah Rukh, and Miza Ulugh Beg. When in course of time it
came into the possession of Shah Abbas, his name was added ; and when
Jahangir obtained it, he added the name of himself and of his father.
Now it received the addition of the name of his most gracious Majesty
Shah Jahan. By command of the Emperor, the following masnawi, by Haji
Muhammad Jan, the final verse of which contains the date, was placed
upon the inside of the canopy in letters of green enamel. * * *
On his return to Agra, the Emperor held a court, and sat for the
first time on his throne. * * Yaminu-d daula Asaf Khan was promoted
to the dignity of Khan-khanan. [Conquest by Najabat Khan of several
forts belongs to the samindars of Srinagar, and his subsequent
enforced retreat.]
The following is the account given of the throne in the Shah-Jahan-
ndmd of Inayat Khan : “ The Nau-roz of the year 1044 fell on the Id-i
fitr, when His Majesty was to take his seat on the new jewelled
throne. This gorgeous structure, with a canopy supported in twelve
pillers, measured three yards and a half in length, two and a half in
breath, and five in height, from the flight of steps to the
overhanging dome. On His Majesty’s accession to the throne, he had
commanded that eighty-six lacs, worth of gems and precious stone, and
a diamonds worth fourteen lacs, which together make a crore of rupees
as money is reckoned in Hindustan, should be used in its decoration.
It was completed in seven years, and among the precious stones was a
ruby worth a lac of rupees that Shah Abbas Safavi had sent to the late
Emperor, on which were inscribed the names of the great Timur Sahib-
Kiran, etc.”
Rebellion of Jaihar Bundela and his son Bikramajit.
[Text, vol. ii p. 94.] His Majesty in the second year of his reign
pardoned the misdeeds of this turbulent man, and sent him on services
to the Dakhin. After a while he took leave of Mahabat Khan Khan-
khanan, the ruler of the Dakhin, and retired to his own country,
leaving behind him his son Bikramajit, entitled Jagraj, and his
contingent of men. On reaching home, he attacked Bim Narain, Zamindar
of Garha, and induced him by a treaty and promise to surrender the
fort of Chauragarh. Afterwards, in violation of his engagement, he put
Bim Narain and a number of his followers to death, and took possession
of the fort, with all the money and valuable it contained. Bim
Narain’s son accompanied Khan-dauran to Court from Malwa, taking with
him an offering, and he made known to the Emperor what had happened. A
farman was then sent to Jajhar Singh, charging him with having killed
Bim Narain, and taking possession of Garha, without the authority of
the Emperor, and directing him to surrender the territory to the
officers of the Crown, or else to give up the jagirs he held in his
own country, and to sent to Court ten lacs of rupees in cash out of
the money which had belong to Bim Narain.
[p. 449] It had been brought to the notice of His Majesty that during
the late reign many idol temples had been begun, but remained
unfinished at Benares, the great stronghold of infidelity. The
infidels were now desirous of completing them. His Majesty, the
defender of the faith, gave orders that at Benares, and throughout all
his dominions in every place, all temples that had been begun should
be cast down. It was now reported from the province of Allahabad that
seventy-six temples had been destroyed in the district of Benares.
Christian Prisoners.
[Text, vol. I. P. 534.] On the 11th Muharram, [1043 A.H.], Kasim Khan
and Bahadur Kambu brought * * * * 400 Christian prisoners, male and
female, young and old, with the idols of their worship, to the
presence of the faith-defending Emperor. He ordered that the
principles of the Muhammadan religion should be explained to them, and
that they should be called upon to adopt it. A few appreciated the
honour offered to them and embraced the faith: they experienced the
kindness of the Emperor. But the majority in perversity and wilfulness
rejected the proposal. These were distributed among the amire, who
were directed to keep these despicable wretches in rigorous
confinement. When any one of them accepted the true faith, a report
was to be made to the Emperor, so that provision might be made for
him. Those who refused were to be kept in continual confinement. So it
came to pass that many of them passed from prison to hell. Such of
their idols as were likenesses of the prophets were thrown into the
Jumna, the rest were broken to pieces.
EIGHTH YEAR OF THE REIGN, 1044 A.H. (1634 A. D.)
The Peacock Throne.
[p. 62.] in the course of years many valuable gems had come into the
Imperial jewel-house, such one of which might serve as an ear-drop for
Venus, or would adorn the girdle of the Sun. Upon the accession of the
Emperor, it occurred to his mind that, in the opinion of far-seeing
men, the acquisition of such rare jewels and the keeping of such
wonderful brilliants can only render one service, that of adorning the
throne of empire. They ought therefore, out to be put to such a use,
that beholders might share in and benefit by their splendour, and that
Majesty might shine with increased brilliancy. It was according
ordered that, in addition to the jewels in the Imperial jewel-house,
rubies, garnets, diamonds, rich pearls and emeralds, to the value of
200 lacs of rupees, should be brought for the inspection of the
Emperor, and that they, with some exquisite jewels of great weight,
exceeding 50,000 miskals, and worth eighty-six lacs of rupees, having
been carefully selected, should be handed over to Be-badal Khan, the
superintendent of the goldsmith’s department. There was also to be
given to him one lac to tolas of pure gold, equal to 250,000 miskals
in the weight and fourteen lacs of rupees in value. The throne was to
be three gas in length, two and a half in breadth, and five in height,
and was to be set with the above-mentioned jewels. The outsider of the
canopy was to be of enamel work with occasional gems, the inside was
to be thickly set with rubies, garnets, and jewels, and it was to be
supported by twelve emerald columns. On the top of each pillar there
were to be two peacocks thick set with gems, and between each two
peacocks a tree set with rubies and diamonds, emeralds and pearls. The
ascent was to consist of three steps set with jewels of fine water.
This throne was completed in the course of seven years at a cost of
100 lacs of rupees. Of the eleven jewelled recesses (takhta) formed
around it for cushions, the middle one, intended for the seat of the
Emperor, cost ten lacs of rupees. Among the jewels set in this recess
was a ruby worth a lax of rupees, which Shah Abbas, the King of Iran,
had present to the late Emperor Jahangir, who sent it to his present
Majesty, the Sahib Kiran-i sani, when he accomplished Sahib-kiran
(Timur), Mir Shah Rukh, and Miza Ulugh Beg. When in course of time it
came into the possession of Shah Abbas, his name was added ; and when
Jahangir obtained it, he added the name of himself and of his father.
Now it received the addition of the name of his most gracious Majesty
Shah Jahan. By command of the Emperor, the following masnawi, by Haji
Muhammad Jan, the final verse of which contains the date, was placed
upon the inside of the canopy in letters of green enamel. * * *
On his return to Agra, the Emperor held a court, and sat for the
first time on his throne. * * Yaminu-d daula Asaf Khan was promoted
to the dignity of Khan-khanan. [Conquest by Najabat Khan of several
forts belongs to the samindars of Srinagar, and his subsequent
enforced retreat.]
The following is the account given of the throne in the Shah-Jahan-
ndmd of Inayat Khan : “ The Nau-roz of the year 1044 fell on the Id-i
fitr, when His Majesty was to take his seat on the new jewelled
throne. This gorgeous structure, with a canopy supported in twelve
pillers, measured three yards and a half in length, two and a half in
breath, and five in height, from the flight of steps to the
overhanging dome. On His Majesty’s accession to the throne, he had
commanded that eighty-six lacs, worth of gems and precious stone, and
a diamonds worth fourteen lacs, which together make a crore of rupees
as money is reckoned in Hindustan, should be used in its decoration.
It was completed in seven years, and among the precious stones was a
ruby worth a lac of rupees that Shah Abbas Safavi had sent to the late
Emperor, on which were inscribed the names of the great Timur Sahib-
Kiran, etc.”
Rebellion of Jaihar Bundela and his son Bikramajit.
[Text, vol. ii p. 94.] His Majesty in the second year of his reign
pardoned the misdeeds of this turbulent man, and sent him on services
to the Dakhin. After a while he took leave of Mahabat Khan Khan-
khanan, the ruler of the Dakhin, and retired to his own country,
leaving behind him his son Bikramajit, entitled Jagraj, and his
contingent of men. On reaching home, he attacked Bim Narain, Zamindar
of Garha, and induced him by a treaty and promise to surrender the
fort of Chauragarh. Afterwards, in violation of his engagement, he put
Bim Narain and a number of his followers to death, and took possession
of the fort, with all the money and valuable it contained. Bim
Narain’s son accompanied Khan-dauran to Court from Malwa, taking with
him an offering, and he made known to the Emperor what had happened. A
farman was then sent to Jajhar Singh, charging him with having killed
Bim Narain, and taking possession of Garha, without the authority of
the Emperor, and directing him to surrender the territory to the
officers of the Crown, or else to give up the jagirs he held in his
own country, and to sent to Court ten lacs of rupees in cash out of
the money which had belong to Bim Narain.
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