Re: Va The History Of The House Sound Of Chicago 1978 1989 2013 Mp3 320
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Chicago is an American rock band formed in Chicago in 1967. The group began calling themselves the Chicago Transit Authority (after the city's mass transit agency[1]) in 1968, then shortened the name in 1969. Self-described as a "rock and roll band with horns," their songs often also combine elements of classical music, jazz, R&B, and pop music.
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Growing out of several bands from the Chicago area in the late 1960s, the line-up consisted of Peter Cetera on bass, Terry Kath on guitar, Robert Lamm on keyboards, Lee Loughnane on trumpet, James Pankow on trombone, Walter Parazaider on woodwinds, and Danny Seraphine on drums. Cetera, Kath, and Lamm shared lead vocal duties. Laudir de Oliveira joined the band as a percussionist and second drummer in 1974. Kath died in 1978, and was replaced by several guitarists in succession. Bill Champlin joined in 1981, providing vocals, keyboards, and rhythm guitar. Cetera left the band in 1985 and was replaced by Jason Scheff. Seraphine left in 1990 and was replaced by Tris Imboden. Although the band's lineup has been more fluid since 2009, Lamm, Loughnane, and Pankow have remained constant members. Parazaider "officially retired" in 2017, but is still a band member.[2][3][4][5][6] In 2021 he revealed he had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.[7]
In September 2008, Billboard ranked Chicago at number thirteen in a list of the top 100 artists of all time for Hot 100 singles chart success, and ranked them at number fifteen on that same list in October 2015.[8][9][10] Billboard also ranked Chicago ninth on the list of the 100 greatest artists of all time in terms of Billboard 200 album chart success in October 2015.[11] Chicago is one of the longest-running and most successful rock groups, and one of the world's best-selling groups of all time, having sold more than 100 million records.[12][13] In 1971, Chicago was the first rock act to sell out Carnegie Hall for a week.[14] Chicago is also considered a pioneer in rock music marketing, featuring a recognizable logo on album covers, and sequentially naming their albums using roman numerals.[15]
In terms of chart success, Chicago is one of the most successful American bands in RIAA and Billboard history (second only to the Beach Boys), and are one of the most successful popular music acts of all time.[12] To date, Chicago has sold over 40 million units in the U.S., with 23 gold, 18 platinum, and eight multi-platinum albums.[16][17][18] They had five consecutive number-one albums on the Billboard 200,[19] 20 top-ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100,[20] and in 1974 the group had seven albums, its entire catalog at the time, on the Billboard 200 simultaneously.[21] The group has received ten Grammy Award nominations, winning one for the song "If You Leave Me Now".[22] The group's first album, Chicago Transit Authority, released in 1969, was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2014.[23] The original line-up of Chicago was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016.[24] In 2017, Cetera, Lamm, and Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame.[25][26] Chicago received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award on October 16, 2020.[27][28]
According to Cetera, the band was booked to perform at Woodstock in 1969, but promoter Bill Graham, with whom they had a contract, exercised his right to reschedule them to play at the Fillmore West on a date of his choosing, and he scheduled them for the Woodstock dates. Santana, which Graham also managed, took Chicago's place at Woodstock,[36] and that performance is considered to be Santana's "breakthrough" gig.[37] A year later, when he needed to replace headliner Joe Cocker, and then Cocker's intended replacement, Jimi Hendrix, Graham booked Chicago to perform at Tanglewood, which has been called a "pinnacle" performance by Concert Vault.[38]
Chicago III, another double LP, was released in 1971 and charted at No. 2 on the Billboard 200.[19] Two singles were released from it: "Free" from Lamm's "Travel Suite", which charted at No. 20 on the Billboard Hot 100;[20] and "Lowdown", written by Cetera and Seraphine, which made it to No. 35.[20] The album was certified gold by the RIAA in February 1971, and platinum in November 1986.[43]
The band released LPs at a rate of at least one album per year from their third album in 1971 on through the 1970s. During this period, the group's album titles primarily consisted of the band's name followed by a Roman numeral, indicating the album's sequence in their canon. The exceptions to this scheme were the band's fourth album, a live boxed set entitled Chicago at Carnegie Hall, their twelfth album Hot Streets, and the Arabic-numbered Chicago 13. While the live album itself did not bear a number, the four discs within the set were numbered Volumes I through IV.
In 1971, the band released Chicago at Carnegie Hall Volumes I, II, III, and IV, a quadruple LP, consisting of live performances, mostly of music from their first three albums, from a week-long run at Carnegie Hall. Chicago was the first rock act to sell out a week at Carnegie Hall and the live recording was made to chronicle that milestone.[14] Along with the four vinyl discs, the packaging contained some strident political messaging about how "We [youth] can change The System", including wall posters and voter registration information.[44][45] The album went gold "out of the box" and on to multi-platinum status.[14] William James Ruhlmann says Chicago at Carnegie Hall was "perhaps" the best-selling box set by a rock act and held that record for 15 years.[14] In recognition of setting Carnegie Hall records and the ensuing four-LP live recordings, the group was awarded a Billboard 1972 Trendsetter Award.[46] Drummer Danny Seraphine attributes the fact that none of Chicago's first four albums were issued on single LPs to the productive creativity of this period and the length of the jazz-rock pieces.[47]
In 1972, the band released its first single-disc release, Chicago V, which reached No. 1 on both the Billboard pop[19] and jazz album charts.[citation needed] It features "Saturday in the Park", written by Robert Lamm, which mixes everyday life and political yearning in a more subtle way. It peaked at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 in early 1972.[48][49] The second single released from the album was the Lamm-composed "Dialogue (Part I & II)", which featured a musical "debate" between a political activist (sung by Kath) and a blas college student (sung by Cetera). It peaked at No. 24 on the Hot 100 chart.[20]
Other albums and singles followed in each of the succeeding years. 1973's Chicago VI was the first of several albums to include Brazilian jazz percussionist Laudir de Oliveira[50] and saw Cetera emerge as the main lead singer. According to William James Ruhlmann, de Oliveira was a "sideman" on Chicago VI and became an official member of the group in 1974.[50] Chicago VI featured two top ten singles,[20] "Just You 'n' Me", written by Pankow, and "Feelin' Stronger Every Day", written by Pankow and Cetera. Chicago VII was the band's double-disc 1974 release. Three singles were released from this album: "(I've Been) Searchin' So Long", written by Pankow, and "Call On Me", written by Loughnane, which both made it into the top ten;[20] and the Beach Boys-infused "Wishing You Were Here", written by Cetera, which peaked at number eleven.[20] Writing for Billboard magazine, Joel Whitburn reported in October 1974 that the group had seven albums, its entire catalog at the time, on the Billboard 200 simultaneously, placing them seventh in a list of artists in that category.[21] Their 1975 release, Chicago VIII, featured the political allegory "Harry Truman" (No. 13, Top 100 chart) and the nostalgic Pankow-composed "Old Days" (No. 5, Top 100 chart).[51][52] That summer also saw a joint tour across America with the Beach Boys,[50] with the two acts performing separately, then coming together for a finale.[53] Chicago VI, VII, and VIII all made it to No. 1 on the Billboard 200,[19] all were certified gold the years they were released, and all have since been certified platinum. Chicago VI was certified two times multi-platinum in 1986.[54] Chicago IX: Chicago's Greatest Hits was released in 1975 and became the band's fifth consecutive No. 1 album on the Billboard 200.[19]
1976's Chicago X features Cetera's ballad "If You Leave Me Now", which held the top spot in the U.S. charts for two weeks[55] and the UK charts for three weeks.[56] It was the group's first No. 1 single,[50] and won Chicago their only Grammy Award to date,[57] the 1976 Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo, Group or Chorus, at the 19th Annual Grammy Awards held on February 19, 1977.[58] The single was certified gold by the RIAA the same year of its release.[59] The song almost did not make the cut for the album.[50] "If You Leave Me Now" was recorded at the last minute. The success of the song, according to William James Ruhlmann, foreshadowed a later reliance on ballads.[50] The album reached No. 3 on the Billboard 200,[19] was certified both gold and platinum by the RIAA the same year of its release and two times multi-platinum since,[60] and was also nominated for the Grammy Award for Album of the Year.[22] 1976 was the first year that albums were certified platinum by the RIAA.[61] In honor of the group's platinum album achievement, Columbia Records that year awarded the group a 25-pound bar of pure platinum, made by Cartier.[62] (Billboard magazine reported it as a 30-pound bar.)[63][Note 1] At the 4th Annual American Music Awards, a fan-voted awards show,[68] held January 31, 1977, Chicago won the award for Favorite Pop/Rock Band/Duo/Group, the group's first of two American Music Awards they have received.[69]
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