TheBrihat Parashara Hora Shastra (Sanskrit: बृहत् परशर हर शस्त्र; IAST: bṛhat parāśara horā śāstra; abbreviated to BPHS) is the most comprehensive extant Śāstra on Vedic natal astrology, in particular the Horā branch (predictive astrology, e.g. horoscopes).[1] Though ascribed to Maharṣi Parāśara, the origin and date of the original composition is unknown. The most popular version of the BPHS consists of 97 chapters, a 1984 translation by R. Santhanam.[2][3]
'bṛhat parāśara horā śāstra' (बृहत् परशर हर शस्त्र) can be loosely translated to examples such as 'the great book on horoscopy by Parashara' or 'Great Parashara's manual on Horoscopic astrology':
Venerable Parāśara, leader among Muni-Sages [said:] Jyotiṣa, the supreme limb of the Vedas, has three divisions - Horā, Gaṇita and Saṃhita. Excellent is Hora among the three distributions, consisting of the general part of Jyotisa.
The Bṛhat Parāśara Horā Śāstra is concerned with the predictive branch of Horā, used, for example, to determine the appropriate and most auspicious times for various events and ceremonies (i.e. depending on the anticipated planetary and star movements and positions).[10]
J. Gonda states that at 'some time after 600 [C.E.] was written the purva-khanda of what was to become known as the Brhatparasarahora [Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra], ascribed to Parashara... [it] is deeply indebted to the [Brhajjataka of Varahamihira]; it has also borrowed two verses from Sphujidhvaja... and its existence is presupposed by the author of the uttara-khanda, which was commented on by Govindasvamin in ca. 850 [C.E.]. Therefore, the purva-khanda must have been written between ca. 600 and 750... but before 800'.[11]
Additionally Bhaṭṭotpala (circa 900 C.E.) was a Vedic astrologer that 'in his commentaries he wrote that though he had heard of [the] Bṛhat Parāśara Horā Śāstra, he had never seen it. Thus we know it was lost for at least nine hundred years, until new manuscripts emerged from the early 20th century (see below).[12]
As such, there are doubts in regards to the authenticity of various manuscripts of the Bṛhat Parāśara Horā Śāstra (BPHS) that emerged centuries later. One concern raised is the apparent admission by Sitram Jha in his 1944 publication of the BPHS that he changed and removed elements of the manuscript.[13] Another concern raised by Vedic Astrologers such as Shyamasundara Dasa 'that casts doubt on the veracity of the modern BPHS is the complete lack of any ancient commentary on the text. The oldest commentary known to me is that of Devacandra Jha's Hindi commentary from the first half of the 20th century, that is, less than 100 years old'.[14]
The Sri Jagannath Center aims at reviving this scientific temper along with the respect for the tradition. Unless there is a harmonic balance between the two, the truth will continue to delude us. We must realize that the complete revelation of this knowledge is dependent on the quality of time and that we must approach this subject with pure minds and sincerity in our search for this truth. This has been explained in the Rig Veda III.62
By the definition given above, Hora shastra has a very wide scope and includes every branch of study that tries to identify the quality of time to predict the happenings of the future on the basis of certain predefined hypothesis and rules. A diagram of this vast scope is linked here.
Horashastra means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
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Since we have 24 hours in a solar day (a Vedic day is calculated from sunrise to sunrise while the English calendar day is counted from midnight to midnight), therefore, we have 24 Horas during one solar day on Earth. A particular planet lords each Hora. The lordship is a chronological sequence of the planetary speeds going from fastest (Chandra/Moon) to slowest (Shani/Saturn) except for the first Hora of the week lorded by the Sun as a mark of respect since the Sun is the Lord of the Solar system and significator of Life or Srushti.
Ancient Hindu astrologers subdivided each sign of the Zodiac into halves and called each division a Hora. Thus, roughly 1 hour is needed for each Hora to pass the meridian or rise in the East. However, Hindu astrologers did not measure Time in hours and minutes, and they used Ghatis and Vighatis as measurement tools. Thus, one day had 60 Ghatis. Each zodiac sign comprises approximately 5 Ghatis or half a sign, and a Hora is about two and a half ghatis.
Although the Moon is a satellite of the Earth, it is a planet that moves. (For a heavenly body to qualify as a planet, it must be a moving object). Vedic Astrology follows the geocentric system, which is the basis of planetary position calculations. As per this system, observation of planets, celestial bodies, and their movements are done from the Earth. Moreover, Moon has a significant influence on the sustenance of human life and thus gets extreme importance in the Vedic Astrology system.
So, if you match your activity to the most compatible Hora, you can maximize the results. Therefore, the Hora Shastra Chakra is a great tool to succeed in day-to-day life, with weeks and the year planned for favourable outcomes.
A Vedic solar day lasts from sunrise to the next sunrise. The total time elapsed is Kul-mana (the total time available in one solar day), generally around 24 hours. Kul-mana comprises two parts, i.e., Dina-Mana (sunrise to sunset) and Ratri-Mana (sunset to next sunrise). There are 12 horas in the Dina-Mana and 12 in Ratri-Mana.
The Time of Horas will vary from place to place depending on the sunrise and sunset time. The Hora will differ from country to country due to differences in longitudes and latitudes. Day Horas will be longer in summer and shorter in winter.
The Hora Shastra directly influences the houses, and a knowledgeable astrologer uses this information to plan activities. In the birth chart, all activities started during the Hora ruled by the Lord of the related Bhava (House) shall fructify. Similarly, activities begun during the Hora of the Badhakesh from the concerned Bhava shall suffer obstruction. Activities started during the Hora of the Rogesh (8th Lord) from the concerned Bhava shall suffer.
This Hora Shastra is strong on Sundays and Sun-star days. For example, whenever the Sun is exalted or in its sign and posited in its stars, Uttarashada, Krittika, and Uttara Phalguni. The Sun governs vitality, immunity, and speedy recovery. Hence, this Hora Shastra is favourable to take medicine, undergo surgery, sign government contracts, medical college applications, appeal or request a promotion, file a police complaint, enter politics, and initiate mantras.
Mars is strong on Tuesdays, governs Aries and Scorpio signs, and its star days are Mrigarshirsha, Chitra, and Dhanishta. Mars in Capricorn is exalted; if positioned in its star, it is in the most potent position, especially if it is the 10th House during the Hora Shastra of Mars. It is promising for the Commander-in-Chief of an Army to prepare for war, an excellent time to file a legal suit, and if you need to win arguments, do it during Mars Hora.
Mars Hora Shastra is favourable to reaching a compromise/settlement and purchasing land, and buildings, especially on Saturday. Joining duty as a judge or taking the oath of office on Thursday is beneficial. Fridays are good for executive officers of temples, churches, mosques, colleges, schools, and to take sanyasa. Those who purchase property between 8 am and 10 am with their Sun in the 12th House will not enjoy land value appreciation, whereas buying property on Sundays and Tuesdays, between 08 am and 10 am (with Sun in the 11th House) will get the full advantage of the price rise.
The Hora Shastra of Mercury is quick and dynamic. It is considered auspicious for trade and business-related matters, for learning and teaching, studying scriptures, astrology, writing, printing, and publishing-related works.
It is a strong Hora Shastra for Venusian matters. On Fridays, or when the Moon transits the stars Bharani, Purvashada, and Purvaphalguni, or Moon spans Taurus, Libra, or Pisces (the exaltation sign of Venus), you knowingly or unknowingly commence your matters signified by Venus. Success, peace, prosperity, harmony, and happiness are promised. Select Venus Hora to meet a taskmaster; you will find them calm and cooperative. Even a militant and rash person will give a patient hearing and be helpful; tempers cool during this Hora. Write love letters during Venus Hora and succeed beyond expectations.
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