The FCC recently issued the regulatory rules for cognitive radio use of the TV white space spectrum. These new rules provide an opportunity but they also introduce a number of technical challenges. The challenges require development of cognitive radio technologies like spectrum sensing as well as new wireless PHY and MAC layer designs. These challenges include spectrum sensing of both TV signals and wireless microphone signals, frequency agile operation, geo-location, and stringent spectral mask requirements. Although not an FCC requirement, one of the major challenges is the ability to provide reliable service in unlicensed and dynamically changing spectrum. Some of the possible methods for meeting these challenges are described.Received the B.Sc. degree and the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt in 2000 and 2003, respectively. He received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Maryland, College Park, in 2007. He is currently a Senior Engineer with Corporate Research and Development, Qualcomm Incorporated.