British actor Tom Wilkinson (February 5, 1948-December 30, 2023) was a scene-stealer of the highest order. Rarely playing a lead role, his characters infused the films he was in with gravity, tragedy and sardonic humor. He won an Emmy and a Golden Globe for his performance as Benjamin Franklin in the HBO series "John Adams."
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Wilkinson earned a best supporting actor Oscar nomination for his performance in "Michael Clayton" (2007), as an attorney who appears to fall apart owing to his experience litigating a multi-billion-dollar class action lawsuit over a carcinogenic weed killer. His come-to-Jesus moment of clarity about his complicity sets off a chain reaction that threatens the high-priced law firm hired to clean up the chemical company's mess.
A Yorkshire native born into a farming family, Wilkinson attended the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, and appeared on stage and in such films and TV programs as "Sylvia," "Prime Suspect," "In the Name of the Father," "Sense and Sensibility," "The Ghost and the Darkness," "Oscar and Lucinda," "Martin Chuzzlewit" and "Rush Hour,"
As their humor got sharper, censors sharpened their scissors, cutting out controversial content, sometimes entire skits, which put Tom on the defensive, willing to continue poking the bear: "I was offended; 'What do you mean I can't say that?'" he said. CBS finally cancelled the show after 72 episodes. The brothers sued the network for breach of contract and won, but the show was over.
Tom recognized that, by the end of their run, anger was getting in the way of humor: "I was doing material, it was kind of mean comedy," he said. "I needed to be fired. If we would have gotten another year, it'd have been strident!"
In 2008, as he received a lifetime Emmy Award, Tom said, "It's hard for me to stay silent when I keep hearing that peace is only attainable through war." He dedicated his award to those "who feel compelled to speak out and are not afraid to speak to power and won't shut up."
Ryan O'Neal (April 20, 1941-December 8, 2023) transitioned from an actor on TV's "Peyton Place" to an Oscar-nominated role in "Love Story," the blockbuster tear-jerker that catapulted him into the front ranks of Hollywood stars in the 1970s. O'Neal and Ali MacGraw starred as college students from disparate backgrounds who fall in love, marry, and then discover she is dying of cancer. It was nominated for seven Academy Awards, including best picture.
Appearing in a wide range of comedies and dramas, O'Neal cleverly used his boyish good looks to play men who hid sinister backgrounds behind clean-cut images. He starred in Stanley Kubrick's historical epic "Barry Lyndon," playing a roguish opportunist whose life cascades between poverty and wealth, from the battlefields of Europe to an aristocratic estate.
O'Neal's gift for comedy shone opposite Barbra Streisand in Peter Bogdanovich's "What's Up, Doc?"; and he shared the screen with his daughter, Tatum, as a pair of confidence tricksters in "Paper Moon," for which the 10-year-old won an Oscar for best supporting actress.
His other film credits included "The Big Bounce" (in which he appeared with his second wife, Leigh Taylor-Young), "Wild Rovers," "Nickelodeon," "A Bridge Too Far," "The Driver," "Oliver's Story" (a poorly-received sequel to "Love Story"), "The Main Event," "Irreconcilable Differences," "Tough Guys Don't Dance," and "Knight of Cups."
Talented but troubled, O'Neal's boy-next-door image was sometimes at odds with his personal life, marked by a hot temper, drugs and alcohol. Twice divorced, he had strained relationships with three of his four children. In her autobiography Tatum O'Neal wrote of suffering physical and emotional abuse from her dad. They tried to patch things up by participating in a reality TV series, "Ryan and Tatum: The O'Neals."
In 2007 Ryan was arrested for firing a gun at his son Griffin, but charges were dropped. The following year, he was arrested along with his son Redmond on drug charges. In 2009 he told Vanity Fair magazine, "I'm a hopeless father. I don't know why. I don't think I was supposed to be a father."
The one constant in his life was Farrah Fawcett. Their relationship was an on-again/off-again affair, which was rekindled in 2001, when O'Neal was diagnosed with leukemia; Fawcett was at his side. Five years later, when Fawcett was diagnosed with cancer, he was there for her until the end, when she died in 2009. He even suggested that the hospital chaplain marry the two. "She said, 'Okay, let's get married,'" O'Neal told "CBS This Morning" in 2012. "But by then, she was so weak that he was only able to give her the last rites."
Nowhere was this more effective than in the debates pitting arch conservative Archie Bunker (played by Carroll O'Connor) and his liberal son-in-law Mike (Rob Reiner) in "All in the Family." In a 2021 interview on "Sunday Morning," Lear said people on both ends of the political spectrum found something to connect with in the show. "I like to think what they saw was the foolishness of the human condition," he said.
Lear, a World War II veteran, got his start as a writer for radio and TV in the post-war years. It was "All in the Family," which premiered on CBS in 1971, that put him on the map. The show ran for nine seasons, won 22 Emmy Awards, and was No. 1 in the ratings for five consecutive years.
"All in the Family" was followed by the popular and provocative spin-offs "Maude" (starring Bea Arthur), and "The Jeffersons" (starring Isabel Sanford and Sherman Hemsley), which brought storylines about women's liberation and race into millions of living rooms across the country.
"Sanford and Son" (starring comedian Redd Foxx) and "Good Times" broke ground with mostly Black casts. In "One Day at a Time," Bonnie Franklin starred as a divorcee struggling against sexism, chauvinistic bosses and cheating boyfriends, while raising two teenage daughters.
Lear also created the syndicated "Mary Hartman, Marty Hartman," a parody of soap operas, and was executive producer of "Hot l Baltimore" (based on the Lanford Wilson stage comedy), set in a run-down hotel populated by prostitutes, undocumented immigrants, and a gay couple.
The political and social issues he explored on screen also inspired his own activism. In 1981, he co-founded the nonprofit group People For the American Way to advocate for progressive causes and counter anti-democratic or divisive politics.
In a 2022 conversation with Ted Koppel for "Sunday Morning," Lear discussed the state of a world that closely monitors discrimination towards minorities, women, gays or other groups. Koppel said, "Every office now has a department of someone who is there to make sure that others in the department don't go around offending one another. We didn't have that 50 years ago. Is that a good thing?"
"Oh my God, my sense is there's something wrong, that we're living in a culture where that has to exist," said Lear, "that there is a role for a person to make sure that other people are being decent humans. It says something about the culture we live in."
In 1981, Sandra Day O'Connor (March 26, 1930-December 1, 2023), a conservative judge and elected official from Arizona, was named by President Ronald Reagan to the U.S. Supreme Court, becoming the first female justice in the high court's 191-year history. A moderate conservative, O'Connor wasted little time building a reputation as a hard worker who wielded considerable political clout on the nine-member court.
O'Connor had a tenacious, independent spirit that came naturally. As a child growing up in the Arizona outback, on a ranch founded by her pioneer grandfather, she learned early to ride horses, round up cattle and drive trucks and tractors. "I didn't do all the things the boys did," she said in a 1981 Time magazine interview, "but I fixed windmills and repaired fences."
Her most influential votes came in 1989, when she refused to join four other justices ready to reverse the landmark 1973 Roe v. Wade decision that said women have a constitutional right to abortion; and in 1992, in Planned Parenthood v. Casey, when she led a five-justice majority that reaffirmed the core holding of Roe. Reading a summary of her decision in court, O'Connor said, "Some of us as individuals find abortion offensive to our most basic principles of morality, but that can't control our decision. Our obligation is to define the liberty of all, not to mandate our own moral code." [Thirty years later, the justice who replaced O'Connor upon her retirement, Samuel Alito, wrote the decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization that overturned Roe, allowing states to ban abortions with few or no exemptions.]
In 2000, O'Connor was part of the 5-4 majority that effectively halted the counting of ballots in Florida, thus deciding the disputed presidential election in favor of Republican George W. Bush over Democrat Al Gore.
O'Connor was regarded with great fondness by many of her colleagues. When she retired in 2006, Justice Clarence Thomas, a consistent conservative, called her "an outstanding colleague, civil in dissent and gracious when in the majority."
She could, nonetheless, express her views tartly. In one of her final actions as a justice, a dissent to a 5-4 ruling to allow local governments to condemn and seize personal property to allow private developers to build shopping plazas, office buildings and other facilities, she warned the majority had unwisely ceded yet more power to the powerful. "The specter of condemnation hangs over all property," O'Connor wrote. "Nothing is to prevent the state from replacing ... any home with a shopping mall, or any farm with a factory."
Once called the nation's most powerful woman, O'Connor remained the court's only woman until 1993, when President Bill Clinton nominated Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. [The current court includes four women.]
In a 2006 interview with CBS News, in which she was described as "charmingly feisty," O'Connor said she was not comfortable with some of the labels used about her during her tenure, such as "swing vote." "I'm not OK with that," she said. "I think that's a term the press developed, and it has no appeal for me."
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