The log shows that this is a clear case of corruption of the logger's memory. Or, at least, that is one problem. The clue is:
Aug 5 17:55:53 raspi4weewx weewx-dav[851767] DEBUG weewx.drivers.vantage: Getting archive packets since 2022-08-05 17:54:00 CEST (1659714840)
Aug 5 17:55:53 raspi4weewx weewx-dav[851767] DEBUG weewx.drivers.vantage: Gentle wake up of console successful
Aug 5 17:55:55 raspi4weewx weewx-dav[851767] DEBUG weewx.drivers.vantage: Retrieving 513 page(s); starting index= 3
Aug 5 17:55:55 raspi4weewx weewx-dav[851767] DEBUG weewx.drivers.vantage: DMPAFT complete: page timestamp 2022-08-03 19:22:00 CEST (1659547320) less than final timestamp 2022-08-05 17:54:00 CEST (1659714840)
Despite claiming that there are 513 pages to retrieve, it downloads ... nothing.
This is a good example of why you always want to include the log, even if it seems uneventful.