Hi Josip,
As you can notice, the Manager is rejecting the agent key request due to there is already an agent registered with the same IP address.
I saw you are actually grepping for that agent in manage_agents or even client.keys output and you have nothing.
Make sure you are not re-registering the agent several times in a row, that could cause inconsistencies between what Manager has in memory and what it is written on client.keys file, probably if you like to re-register agents on the daily basis, you can enable the force_insert flag (manager side), it will allow re-registration of the same agent with the same IP address, generating every time a new key and ID.
<use_source_ip>yes</use_source_ip>
<force_insert>yes</force_insert>
<force_time>0</force_time>
<purge>yes</purge>
I am thinking option "-i" could be messing around as well.
Could you share your ossec-authd configuration? Maybe help us to know what is happening.
Regards,
Pedro.