Hi Matt,
we've experienced this behavior on very rare occasions – rare enough for me not to be able to figure out the cause :-) I think it would be easier to just add an automatic repair step.
In the meantime, you can use the 'Export Particles' dialog (button in the overview tab) with the corresponding per-micrograph STARs from the ./Matching folder, and the output set to 'Only write STAR' to recreate goodparticles.star, or allparticles.star if you check 'Include items outside of filter ranges'. This will only work if you haven't altered the per-micrograph STARs after the particles were extracted. If you have, you will have to re-extract the particles using the same dialog.
Cheers,
Dimitry