2 Goldfish 10 Gallon Tank

[Lajuana Paling]

Mywife got a goldfish from our pre-school. It came in a "fishbowl" the size of a large coffee cup and a tiny ziplock with fish food. It was severely stressed: fins clamped at his side, sunken belly, gulping bubbles at the top of the tank, flashing, drifting sideways, etc.

I had a used 3 gallon fish tank, but had no time to set up or cycle. So, I put the "fish-cup" in the center of the empty tank and over the period of days, added maybe 4-6 oz per hour of sink water to the fish-cup (I have a RO filter) until the tank water level exceeded the "fish-cup" and he could escape into the tank.

Two days ago I started running the filter for about 4 hours during the day (on a timer). He's not happy about the water-current, but he is alive. He explores (I think he's looking for a way out) and hides in his cave when people are around. He's eating, resting, actively swimming. No flashing, no lethargy. His major stress comes from me exchanging water. He freaks out, but the water needs changing. Right?

I was going to start the kids with aquatic plants then eventually add ghost shrimp. Maybe a betta for Christmas. For all the prior neglect, this goldfish is in much better shape now. I know the tank is too small for the goldfish. I feed him twice daily. I exchange about a half-gallon of the water daily with a pinch of baking soda to offset acidity. But I am not going to do much more. I might add a plant, but I worry anything new might stress him. I've had him for a week now and he seems ok.

I've never had a goldfish before, so I don't know how they act. He seems to pace the tank like a caged tiger. Back and forth, up and down, front and back. After I add fish food, he waits... then stalks like a deep-water shark zipping up from the bottom and attacking at the surface. Is all of this "goldfish behavior" and him really needing a huge tank? Am I doing enough for his survival? If he lives a year, I might reconsider getting set up with a much larger tank. I just want to know if I'm giving him a sufficient minimum to survive.

Your best steps now would be to get more information about fishes and aquaria. While the bigger the aquarium the better they are for fish, they also become expensive. So find out if this is a thing you want to put your money into.

Do you want to take care of fishes for the next 10 years? If not, find some one who provides the right care for this goldfish. If you do want to take care of fish, again, please read up on aquarium keeping. It will answer a lot of questions.

Update if you're interested: A week ago I found a 20 gallon tank at a thrift store. The kids (and fish) are thrilled. For days now the fish has been foraging excitedly around all the new things in the larger tank (i.e. playing in his new playground). His basic survival in the small tank had depended on daily vacuuming while swapping out a gallon of water, and paying close attention to his mood (jumpy vs. lethargic). If something wasn't right with him, the variables were adjusted (food variety, fresh water, removing substrate, changing filter-timing). This kept him alive, and he was basically ok. But the real solution was a bigger tank. Normal goldfish behavior is constant exploration and foraging in and around everything. They inspect new things and are curious. If they're not doing that, they're either sleeping or something is wrong. Now that I know what to look for, I have never seen a happier fish. Thank you again to all who took an interest.

I recently purchased two small goldfish for my son. We were instructed by the employee at Petsmart that the 2.5 gal (ca. 10 l) tank would be sufficient. I bought gravel, plants and water conditioner (stress coat).

Anyway, we've only been feeding the fish twice a day, and not excessive amounts of food. Their water looks cloudy, and they keep going to the surface for air. I just changed 50% of the water yesterday afternoon!

I'm frustrated that I spend $40 on these supplies, and from what I'm reading, I don't have a large enough tank. I don't have room for a 20-30 gal (75-115 l) tank. Should I return the fish or is there any way I could make this smaller tank work? Maybe for one fish?

Your typical comet goldfish will need at least 30 gallons of water each to stay healthy long term. They're very messy fish and even in a small but suitable tank, owners often have major water quality issues.

Before you get another fish, read up on how to properly cycle a fish tank. If you take a fish tank, regardless of the size, and just put water and conditioner and fish in it, most fish will be dead in about a week due to ammonia poisoning. An aquarium must cycle before it is ready to house fish. Cycling is the process of building up beneficial bacteria. This bacteria is what actually filters the water in any fish tank, beit freshwater or saltwater. Cycling a tank typically takes around 4 weeks and is complete when ammonia and nitrite can no longer be detected in a tank, while nitrate is detected and stable or rising.

Petsmart is notorious for employing untrained people in their aquatics departments, and they routinely sell customers fish and aquarium setups that are impossible to maintain. In our aquarium club it's probably a weekly or bi-weekly event that someone shows up trying to keep their tank alive because petsmart or petco sold them a setup that was impossible to keep going, or even get established, and they've lost all their fish multiple times as a result.

With the exception of a few show goldfish, which will only grow to about 10 inches in length, an adult goldfish is going to be about 14-18 inches long. You didn't say what species of goldfish you had, so I'm assuming it's the common comet goldfish that all pet stores sell. They will easily be at the upper end of the scale as long as you can keep them alive.

This means that for a tank to be big enough for a goldfish, you pretty much need to be able to wave a 2.5 gallon tank around the inside of it. Most tanks, aside from a 40g breeder tank, are only 13 inches deep, meaning the goldfish wouldn't be able to turn around without bending its spine too much. Goldfish are active swimmers so they need to be able to swim back and forth as they feel like it.

I would take the fish back to the pet store, they should have no problem with you returning it, although they might only give you a refund if it's been within a certain time frame. You could probably get a betta for the tank, although in my opinion a 2.5 gallon tank is still a bit small for them. I would personally turn it into a nano tank with some plants/moss and some shrimp.

That's personal preference though. What you'll really want to do is look around at your local pet store, and see what fish they have available. Then be sure to look up how large the fish grows to as an adult, and if it's a schooling fish that will require tankmates. Don't be afraid to visit just to write down names to look up at home.

There are a few factors in determining tank size. One of the biggest factors is surface area. The way it works is that fish pull oxygen from the water. The less surface area there is, the longer it takes for the oxygen to exchange from the surrounding air into the water. If you have too many fish breathing, then they use up all the oxygen. As an experiment, put your self completely under a heavy blanket. After a while, you'll notice that it becomes harder to breath. This is because you're burning up the oxygen faster than it can come through the cloth. That's what will happen to your fish. They'll slowly asphyxiate if there isn't a good surface area to fish ratio. You can find many calculators to help you with that. Here is one: Fish Calculator

That's just the oxygen. The next is water quality. Both can be improved by circulation through a filter. Fish are messy animals. They waste large portions of their food, they pee and poo everywhere, and generally make a mess. Just like a person living in their own filth, it will eventually effect their health. They can't help but come into contact with their own waste, so they aren't going to sicken and die like a person might when exposed to cess. However, it's not as hard as it sounds. In the wild, there are all kinds of things helping to process that waste out of the water, from sun, to other animals, to plants (who not only clean waste, but produce oxygen). To fix this in a closed system, you have filter systems. These suck up the solid waste to a degree, filter the water to remove ammonia and other harmful chemicals, and return the water, which agitates it and helps put oxygen back into it. You can add bubblers and real plants to help deal with these issues as well.

The fish will also continue to grow throughout it's life, since fish have something called indeterminate growth. You can look up the adult size of your fish and determine if there is enough room in your tank. I found two good articles here: -guides/do-fish-grow-to-the-size-of-their-tank/ and -guides/understanding-fish-stocking-guides/

So to sum it up, there a various factors that determine the fish that can go in a tank. Factors to keep in mind are adult size, oxygen levels, waste removal, and aggression, though that probably doesn't apply to you. I think that at minimum you'll want a tank with some type of filtration system and not one that's stagnant. You could also get away with a smaller tank if you traded in your fish when it started getting too big for the tank. I can tell you that I've done that many times. A pet store will often give you smaller versions since they can make more money off of selling your larger fish. If not, you have a way to get rid of your larger fish and keep the smaller.

Something I'd recommend is getting a 5-10 gal tank (many retail stores and pet stores sell a 5gal hex with a built in filter, and buy some naturally smaller fish. I like the small colorful ones anyway. Guppys are great. They're super colorful and are small. They also breed easily, so you can have babies. That's a different can of worms, though. You can also get neon tetras, platys, swordtails, mollies, etc... You can also get a cool pet like a crayfish or fresh water crab. They don't need much space, just a place to hide (they'll create one if you put an object like a hide in their tank), flowing water ( a filter return is fine), and food to eat. Mine ate fish food, fish waste, and the random muscle I would catch at the river. I'd catch them at the creek and keep them for a couple of years. They molt and get bigger every couple of months. Another cool feature is that they turn colors to match their surroundings. Not like a chameleon, but I caught one that was a 1/4" long and it was jet black. I had white gravel in the tank. He got lighter at every molt and by the time he was 2-3" long, he was blue-white. He started killing my fish and had to go, but he was cool and I caught a smaller one to replace him. They clean fish waste and can be kept with fish if there is plenty of room. They are predators and will hunt them eventually. Good luck.

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