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How to Design a Concrete Box Culvert Using a Spreadsheet

A concrete box culvert is a structure that allows water to flow under a road, railroad, trail, or similar obstruction. It is typically embedded in soil and made of reinforced concrete or other material. A box culvert can be designed using a spreadsheet that performs the analysis and design calculations according to the relevant standards and codes.

In this article, we will show you how to use a spreadsheet to design a concrete box culvert for a given site condition and loading. We will use the example from Bridge Design, which is based on the design standards PD 6694-1:2011 and BS EN 1997-1 for Eurocodes. You can also download the spreadsheet from The Engineering Community or ExcelCalcs.

Step 1: Input the Site and Loading Data

The first step is to input the site and loading data into the spreadsheet. This includes the dimensions of the box culvert, the soil properties, the water levels, the foundation level, the backfill material, and the road construction. You also need to input the design parameters such as the concrete strength, the reinforcement grade, the partial factors, and the load models.

For example, for the site shown below, we have:

• Box culvert dimensions: span = 2.5m, rise = 2.0m, wall thickness = 0.3m

• Soil properties: angle of shearing resistance (Ï') = 32Â, density (Î) = 19kN/m

• Water levels: maximum height of ground water = 1m above invert level, maximum height of water inside culvert = 1.8m above invert level

• Foundation level: 1.5m below existing ground level

• Backfill material: Class 6N with Ï' = 35Â and Î = 19kN/m

• Road construction: 0.5m of Class 6N overlaid with 0.3m of road sub-base with Î = 20kN/m and 0.2m of carriageway construction with Î = 24kN/m

• Concrete strength: C32/40

• Reinforcement grade: B500B

• Partial factors: Î_G = 1.35, Î_P = 1.5, Î_c = 1.5, Î_s = 1.15

• Load models: LM1 and LM3 vehicle SV196

The spreadsheet has a user-friendly interface that allows you to enter these data easily and check them for errors.

Step 2: Perform the Analysis and Design Calculations

The second step is to perform the analysis and design calculations using the spreadsheet. The spreadsheet uses a unit strip method to analyse the culvert for bending moments, shear forces, and soil pressures. It also checks the stability of the culvert against sliding, overturning, and bearing capacity failure. It then designs the reinforcement for the top slab, bottom slab, and side walls according to the Eurocode provisions.

The spreadsheet shows the results of the analysis and design in tables and graphs that are easy to understand and interpret. You can also view the detailed calculations and formulas used by

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