Stanag 1008 Pdf

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Thepurpose of this agreement is to ensure operational compatibility between warships of the North Atlantic Treaty Navies and to help simplify issues related to the international procurement of future electrical equipment by identifying mutually acceptable and agreed upon ship electrical power supply system specifications.

One design issue of conventional or All Electric Ship (AES) ship electrical power systems is to alleviate power quality problems caused by so-called "pulsed loads", ie loads with high power consumption periodically over short time intervals. Power supply quality phenomenon called "voltage/frequency modulation". Voltage/frequency modulation can affect the operation of several sensitive electrical shipboard subsystems. NATO standard, STANAG 1008, mandates a specific design

Simulating an energy storage system to compensate for pulsed loads on the ship's electrical power system can be particularly embarrassing for the warship electrical power system, as pulsed loads (such as radar or sonar) can be particularly embarrassing: when the pulsed load is operating, the generators will always be able to stress the prime mover and exciter actuators. transient currents. Regarding power quality, frequency and voltage modulation issues can arise which can lead to sensitive load misoperations and grid instability. This article discusses the limitations of the pulsed load power level in relation to the supply power.

In an effort to formulate voltage modulation constraints in ship electrical systems with pulsed loads, one of the most important power supply quality problems in ship electrical networks is 'voltage and frequency modulation'. It results from the operation of certain electrical charges, known as 'pulsed loads', that require high power that are repeated regularly or randomly over short periods of time. As far as engineers know, there is no well-founded theoretical analysis of the phenomenon, although with regard to standards, the current restrictions on the operation of shock loads are not properly explained.

STANAG (Standardization Agreement) is a declaration that sets the military standards of NATO member countries. All military materials produced by NATO member countries must comply with these standards. EUROLAB Laboratory provides testing services within the scope of STANAG.

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Supply characteristics have been aligned, where practicable, with those of North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) standards document STANAG 1008. The exceptions, limitations and additions applied to STANAG 1008 are specified, with UK Reservations to the STANAG included in Annex A.

A multipoint measurement technique for detecting rapid voltage changes causing electromagnetic interference, and its propagation effect in a power distribution network, is presented. The main advantage of the proposed techniques lies in its capability to detect rapid voltage change disturbance and its correlation with other electromagnetic interference events simultaneously. This is achieved by combining a multipoint measurement technique and a coincidence ratio evaluation method. A multipoint measurement technique was applied by using four distributed power quality analyzers which record conducted electromagnetic interference events. The recorded data is evaluated using the coincidence ratio and the time gap analysis method. The results show that a rapid voltage change in a 440 V power distribution subsystem has a probability in between 70 %and 93.8%of triggering a sag in an uninterrupted power supply, and thus electromagnetic interference towards other subsystems.

There are many issues associated with power quality (PQ) degradation that occur due to electromagnetic interference (EMI), mainly consisting of conducted disturbances. The PQ issue refers to a wide variety of electromagnetic phenomena that characterize the voltage and current at a given time and at a given location on the power system [1]. PQ issues due to EMI problems not only occur in a power distribution network with a physical connection to earth but also occur on islanded power networks such as a ship [2], [3].

Typical conducted EMI events are harmonic distortion, flicker, voltage surge, burst, voltage dip, voltage sag, voltage interruption, rapid voltage change (RVC) and swell. In a power distribution network, these could not only cause issues for the system that is directly connected to the interference source, but they could also propagate and interfere with other systems or subsystems that are located further away.

On the other hand, to detect an RVC event with small voltage disturbance (bellow dips and swell threshold) as recommended by IEC 61000-4-30:2015 standard [11], a precise and accurate measurement system is required. However, if it is applied in a continuous multipoint measurement, it requires a very large storage memory. To solve this problem, this study proposes a method using a specific and simultaneously recording technique which was applied to the multipoint measurement system. This proposed method is important because, through synchronous recording, the correlation between an RVC event and related EMI events at different locations can be determined.

To validate the proposed method, a measurement has been applied to the power distribution network on a ship. The correlation between an RVC event from the 440 V power distribution system with other EMI disturbances in other subsystems has been investigated. Furthermore, the RVC propagation and its effect are considered by analyzing the coincidence ratio and the time gap. This analysis is needed to determine the correlation with other EMI events because, in a distributed measurement system, each event is recorded with a different timestamp even if it is triggered by the same source event. In other words, an event at one point does not trigger measurements at the other points.

This paper is organized as follows: Section II describes the general consideration of the RVC event based on IEC 61000-4-30:2015 standard. Section III describes the measurement method using a multipoint measurement and data analysis method. Section IV presents the measurement and analysis result of the RVC effect, and, finally, Section V gives the concluding remarks of the study.

The RVC is introduced in the IEC standard 61000-4-30:2015 as a quick transition in root mean square (RMS) voltage between two steady-state conditions, during which the voltage does not exceed the dip or swell thresholds [11]. An RVC can be a voltage increase or voltage drop. If the deviation in voltage is more than the sag or swell thresholds, then the event is not recorded as RVC but becomes a sag or swell [11]. IEC 61000-4-30 standard does not specify the RVC threshold. The threshold should be defined by the user based on the application as a percentage of the declared input voltage Udin, a deviation between 1% and 6% from the declared input voltage is recommended [11], [17], [18]. This standard also defines the measurement and evaluation method of an RVC. Based on IEC 61000-4-30:2015, four parameters characterize an RVC event: [11], [14], [17]:

As a conducted electromagnetic wave, the propagation of RVC is influenced by several parameters, medium permittivity, medium permeability, impedance, length of the medium, and installed electrical component. The time delay of the electromagnetic wave propagation or TD (s) depends on the total length of the conductor or L (m) and velocity of propagation or v (m/s) expressed in (2) [21].

In this study, PQ measurement was conducted on the islanded three-phase electricity network of a real ship with isolated terra (IT) configuration. The network consists of a 440 V distribution subsystem, a 440 V/115 V step-down transformer, a distribution panel that distributes voltage to three different lines. Each line consists of a reactor line, a low-pass filter, an uninterruptable power supply (UPS) and two loads.

In general, the characteristics of the PQ shipboard electrical network must comply with STANAG 1008 ed. 9 standard requirements [22]. To evaluate RVCs propagation effect, a distributed multipoint measurement technique was applied. The measurement consists of four power quality analyzers model PQube 3 manufactured by PSL-Power Standard Lab that are installed at four different measurement points:

All PQubes are interconnected with a router, while a Raspberry pi-3 is used for time reference. Each PQube has a sampling rate of 512 samples per cycle at 50/60 Hz and an accuracy 0.05 % rdg 0.05 % FS. It has a voltage measurement range from 0 VAC to 1300 VAC (L-L). This PQube uses Urms measurement method with true single-cycle RMS, and updates every cycle based on IEC 61000-4-30:2015 standard [23]. Fig. 2 shows the measurement system configuration as was implemented in the ship power distribution network. The data was collected over 2 days during normal journey operation of the ship.

In this study, each PQube monitors the current and voltage continuously, and stores the data based on event triggers and record the data automatically only if any EMI event occurs within the threshold value. It specifically records EMI events like RVC, dip, sag, interruption, impulse, and swell events in accordance with IEC 61000-4-30:2015 and programmed using a higher level to measure voltage deviation based on STANAG-1008 ed. 9. Table I show the measurement threshold setting and its comparison with STANAG 1008 ed.9 [24]

In the IEC 61000-4-30:2015, a voltage dip is also referred to as sag [11]. However, in this study, sag is used as a voltage drop with the threshold value of -5% Urms and with duration less then dip duration threshold. The purpose of this sag setting is to record voltages drop event that has a duration shorter than the dip duration.

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