Vedas Translation In English Pdf

[Oliver Parkes]

Linguisticapproach: This is the approach used in Linguistics today. It is called the comparative-linguistics method. This is based on translating the meaning of the words based on what they might have meant in PIE(Proto-Indo-European) by reconstructing meanings based on the meaning in other Indo-European languages. As such it is completely speculative. It is also based on white supremacy politics, the that the Aryan people originated in the Russian steeps and then went around invading and spreading their culture throughout Indo-Europe. So it does not pay a lot of weight to the Sanskrit tradition itself, seeing Indo-Aryan languages as being much later than the languages in Europe. The translations available using this method are by Max Mueller and Ralpth Griffith.

Grammatical approach: This is based on translating the Sanskrit according to the Grammar approach of Panini and the etymology of the words in the Nirukta i.e., using traditional Sanskrit dictionaries. This method produces a more accurate translation, as the Rig Veda would have been translated by scholars in India. The translations which are available are those by the Arya Samaaj, founded by Swami Dayananda. Unfortunately, you do get a lot of grammatical gymnastics being done to give words meanings which are unlikely, like translating certain words to mean electricity, telegraph, airship, nuclear fusion. As the Arya Samaaj believe the Rig Veda is not a historical document, but an eternal document of knowledge revealed by god at the beginning of creation, they translate everything that literally is historical into something on physics.

The best translations I have read are both anthologies: Rig Veda for the Layman by Sujoy Ghosh and the Holy Vedas by Pandit Vidyalankar. You will also find, if you know a few words in Sanskrit yourself, that when you read the Rig Veda its meaning unlocks within you. The best way to read the Rig Veda is intuitively, but you need to have some grasp of Sanskrit first.

It is by the time of the Upanishads that Western scholars acknowledge a complete shift in the Vedic mentality - almost like a sudden transformation in the Vedic mind; going from obsession with ritual to philosophy and yoga; animal sacrifices to ahimsa and vegetarianism; belief in heaven to believe in samsara and transcendence. In particular they mark out book 1 and book 10 of the Rig Veda as being the latest, simply because there you find the famous suktas which are consistent with Upanishadic thinking.

Thus Western scholars treat the Rig Veda somewhat like the Old testimant of Hinduism. It the reflects time where people were more uncivilized, polytheistic and primitive. The Upanishads, Gita and Darsanas are considered like the New testimant of Hinduism.

Of course I know this is incorrect, because I find Upanishadic thinking throughout the Rig Veda in every book. The Western scholars have simply ignored this because it does not fit in with their anthropological reductionist model that sees all early cultures as being primitive and uncivilized. They read the Rig Veda through this prism, reading into it what they want from it.

Thank you Asuri. I do want opinions. I like seeing what different people have to say. Since I am not searching for anything I do not need to worry about the time and effort being wasted. My research is merely historical and intellectual. The lotus flower has blossomed many years ago.

He who knows the truth about the universe

And the knows the secret of the conscious soul

pervading all

Achieves equanimity

He is rewarded by the divine with intuition insight

And eternal glory

(Atharva 10.2.229)

Bless me with divine vision at morn,

At noon of day, at evening and night.

Bless me that the seeds of intelligence ever flourish

In the warmth of thy love

as plants flourish bathed in the rays of the rising sun

(Atharva 6.108.5)

He who knows the first vital string

binding all things formed in shape, colour and words

Knows only the physical form of the universe, and knows

very little

But he who goes deeper and perceives the string, the thin

web binding the universe with cords of unity

Knows the ultimate reality

(Atharva 10.8.3

O citizens of the world

Live in harmony and concord

Be organized and co-operative

Speak with one voice

And make your resolutions with one mind

As our ancient saints and seers

Leader and preceptors

Have performed their duties righteously

Similarly, may you not falter to exercise

your duties

(Rig 10.191.2)

O man, work with vigour and vitality

Drive away the demons of poverty and disease.

May your honest earnings support the people,

Engaged in benevolent deeds

For the welfare of society

(Atharva 6.81.1)

Human life is like a turbulent stream, strewn with

rocks and pebbles; the brave step into it; for by sitting

on the shore and enumerating hurdles, you will never get across.

Leave behind the burden of your fears, guilts, weaknesses and

attachments. Thus freed from all negative forces, may you cross

the stream.

(Atharva 12.2.26)

There are four Vedas, the Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. The Vedas are the primary texts of Hinduism. They also had a vast influence on Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. Traditionally the text of the Vedas was coeval with the universe. Scholars have determined that the Rig Veda, the oldest of the four Vedas, was composed about 1500 B.C., and codified about 600 B.C. It is unknown when it was finally committed to writing, but this probably was at some point after 300 B.C.

The Vedas contain hymns, incantations, and rituals from ancient India. Along with the Book of the Dead, the Enuma Elish, the I Ching, and the Avesta, they are among the most ancient religious texts still in existence. Besides their spiritual value, they also give a unique view of everyday life in India four thousand years ago. The Vedas are also the most ancient extensive texts in an Indo-European language, and as such are invaluable in the study of comparative linguistics.

The Rig-Veda

translated by Ralph Griffith [1896]

A complete English translation of the Rig Veda.

Rig-Veda (Sanskrit)

The complete Rig Veda in Sanskrit, in Unicode Devanagari script and standard romanization.

The Sama-Veda

translated by Ralph Griffith [1895]

A collection of hymns used by the priests during the Soma sacrifice. Many of these duplicate in part or in whole hymns from the Rig Veda. This is a complete translation.

The Yajur Veda (Taittiriya Sanhita)

translated by Arthur Berriedale Keith [1914]

A complete translation of the Black Yajur Veda. The Yajur Veda is a detailed manual of the Vedic sacrificial rites.

The Texts of the White Yajurveda

translated by Ralph T.H. Griffith [1899]

A complete translation of the White Yajur Veda.

The Atharva Veda also contains material from the Rig Veda, but of interest are the numerous incantations and metaphysical texts, which this anthology (part of the Sacred Books of the East series) collects and categorizes. The Atharva Veda was written down much later than the rest of the Vedas, about 200 B.C.; it may have been composed about 1000 B.C.

The Hymns of the Atharvaveda

translated by Ralph T.H. Griffith [1895-6]

The unabridged Atharva Veda translation by Ralph Griffith.

The Atharva-Veda

translated by Maurice Bloomfield [1897]

(Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 42)

The Sacred Books of the East translation of the Atharva-veda. Selected hymns from the Atharva-veda.

The Vishnu Purana

by H.H. Wilson [1840]

A primary text of the Vaishnava branch of Hinduism, and one of the canonical Puranas of the Vishnu category. Among the portions of interest are a cycle of legends of the boyhood deeds of Krishna and Rama. H.H. Wilson was one of the first Europeans to translate a Hindu sacred text from the original Sanskrit. His style and annotations are exceptional and very readable.

The Garuda Purana

translated by Ernest Wood and S.V. Subrahmanyam [1911]

A Vishnu Purana with Dantesque descriptions of the afterlife, and details of Hindu funeral rites.

The Mahabharata and Ramayana are the national epics of India. They are probably the longest poems in any language. The Mahabharata, attributed to the sage Vyasa, was written down from 540 to 300 B.C. The Mahabharata tells the legends of the Bharatas, a Vedic Aryan group. The Ramayana, attributed to the poet Valmiki, was written down during the first century A.D., although it is based on oral traditions that go back six or seven centuries earlier. The Ramayana is a moving love story with moral and spiritual themes that has deep appeal in India to this day.

The Mahabharata

translated by Kisari Mohan Ganguli [1883-1896]

Digitizing this unabridged translation of the Mahabharata was a joint venture between sacred-texts and Project Gutenberg.

The Bhagavad Gita, usually considered part of the sixth book of the Mahabharata (dating from about 400 or 300 B.C.), is a central text of Hinduism, a philosphical dialog between the god Krishna and the warrior Arjuna. This is one of the most popular and accessible of all Hindu scriptures, required reading for anyone interested in Hinduism. The Gita discusses selflessness, duty, devotion, and meditation, integrating many different threads of Hindu philosophy.

The Bhagavadgt (SBE 8)

with the Sanatsugtya and the Anugt translated by Kshinth Trimbak Telang, (Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 8) [1882]

A scholarly prose translation of the Bhagavad Gita with two other similar, less well known, works from the Mahabharata.

Relax with Yoga

by Arthur Liebers [1960]

An introduction to modern Raja Yoga, with photos of asanas.

Great Systems of Yoga

by Ernest Wood [1954]

A review of the Yogic systems.

Old Deccan Days

by Mary Frere [1868]

Ramakrishna, His Life and Sayings

by F. Max Mller [1898]

The collected words of the Hindu sage from a humble background who transcended arbitrary religious boundaries.

The Gospel of Ramakrishna

by Mahendra Nath Gupta, ed. by Swami Abhedananda [1907]

First-hand accounts of the Bengali holy man who preached the unity of religions.

Hindu Mythology, Vedic and Puranic

by W.J. Wilkins [1900]

A detailed walkthrough of the Hindu Gods and Goddesses.

How To Be A Yogi

by Swmi Abhednanda [1902] A road-map of the Yogic schools.

Twenty-two Goblins

by Arthur W. Ryder [1912]

Indian Fairy Tales

by Joseph Jacobs [1912]

Indian Myth and Legend

by Donald A. Mackenzie [1913]

Hindu mythology from the earliest times through the Mahabharata and Rayamaya.

Karma-Yoga

by Swami Vivekananda [1921]

Can work be holy?

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