The old camera OS is not the same at all. The new Linux cams are way limited as compared to the previous firmwares for the MJPEG cameras. Those use a RTOS, can't remember. Run strings on the firmware.
All of the modern IQeye H.264 cameras are running Linux. I've not been able to SSH or anything into them. Telnet is available, at least on my IQ032 (AZ032S), It's possible that new Linux firmwares have more shell features. The chip on almost all of these cameras is an Ambarella SoC which are ARM.