Theory Design And Applications Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Pdf

[Aureo Harvey]

Thisbook provides a complete overview of the theory, design, and applications of unmanned aerial vehicles. It covers the basics, including definitions, attributes, manned vs. unmanned, design considerations, life cycle costs, architecture, components, air vehicle, payload, communications, data link, and ground control stations. Chapters cover types and civilian roles, sensors and characteristics, alternative power, communications and data links, conceptual design, human machine interface, sense and avoid systems, civil airspace issues and integration efforts, navigation, autonomous control, swarming, and future capabilities.

UAS Basics. UAS Types & Civilian Roles. UAS Sensors & Characteristics. Alternative Power. Communications & Data Links. UAS Conceptual Design. Human Machine Interface. Sense and Avoid Systems. UAS Civil Airspace Issues. Civil Airspace Integration Efforts. UAS Navigation. Autonomous Control. UAS Swarming. Future Capabilities.

Over the past decade, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have received a significant attention due to their diverse capabilities for non-combatant and military applications. The primary aim of this study is to unveil a clear categorization overview for more than a decade worth of substantial progress in UAVs. The paper will begin with a general overview of the advancements, followed by an up-to-date explanation of the different mechanical structures and technical elements that have been included. The paper will then explore and examine various vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) configurations, followed by expressing the dynamics, applicable simulation tools and control strategies for a Quadrotor. In conclusion to this review, the dynamic system presented will always face limitations such as internal and/or external disturbances. Hence, this can be minimised by the choice of introducing appropriate control techniques or mechanical enhancements.

Dr. Moad Idrissi has contributed to this review paper by carrying out a thorough study of the literature review regarding the mentioned topics. He has also contributed in the sense of writing the review paper and presenting a comparison between the various techniques and approaches of UAVs. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Dr. Moad Idrissi and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Dr. Mohammad Salami was also involved on the aspect of discussing various mechanical architectures for UAVs. His expertise in mechanical engineering has contributed towards finding suitable UAV structures that are highly researched today.

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Aerospace engineering focuses on flight systems such as aircraft and spacecraft. Applications also include other "flight" systems such as underwater vehicles, wind turbines, and high performance automobiles. Research in the department includes both computational and experimental research across various applications including aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, turbomachinery, satellites, airports, and wind turbines.

Steve Gorrell (TRL): Turbomachinery aerodynamics, CFD modeling of inlet distortion.

Matt Allen (SDRG): Structural Dynamics of Launch Vehicles, Spacecraft and Hypersonic Aircraft.

Larry Howell (Compliant Mechanisms): Compliant mechanisms analysis and design, including origami-based design for space mechanisms.

Tim McLain (MAGICC Lab): Unmanned aircraft systems: guidance, control, and autonomy.

Andrew Ning (FLOW Lab): Aircraft, UAV, wind turbine, and wind farm design.

John Salmon (BESD Lab): Systems engineering of aerospace systems particularly UAVs and airport design.

Biomechanics is the application of mechanics to biology and has origins dating back to Aristotle. Biomechanics seeks to understand the mechanics of living systems, from molecules to organisms. Biomechanical engineering is the practical implementation of this understanding, and embodies the attempts of humans to design and develop mechanical devices that mimic, measure, improve, repair, or replace the function of living systems.

Engineering design affects everyday life - everything around us has been designed. Design involves the systematic interplay between creation and validation with the intent to bring useful parts, products, or systems, to the marketplace. Researchers in engineering design develop theories, methodologies, and tools that improve the design process and bring new capabilities to the hands of the mechanical designer. This includes computer aided engineering, systems design, product development, numerical and optimization methods, and the integration of engineering with other disciplines.

Many modern engineering systems, including robots, biomedical devices, vehicles, sensors, and machinery are comprised of interconnected dynamic elements. The ability to design, model, and control such systems is essential in modern engineering. Current areas of focus related to dynamic systems and controls at BYU include unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), active noise control, haptic interfaces, and robotics.

The dual specters of global warming and political instability in oil exporting countries have made the development of sustainable energy systems a national priority. Research in the department spans various aspects of energy engineering and includes collaborations with other departments, industry, and national labs.

Fluid mechanics deals with the study of liquids and gases at rest or in motion. Research in fluid mechanics focuses on understanding how fluids move and interact with their surroundings over the range of length scales from the nano-scale to the global scale. Fluid mechanics research encompasses many complicated dynamic systems which are solved through a combination of experiments and direct observation, analytical methods, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Research topics at BYU are broad and include areas such as: biological flows, micro- and nano-fluidic systems, flow physics in turbomachines, turbulence, fluid-structure interactions, atmospheric and oceanic flow dynamics, aircraft aerodynamics, and reacting flows.

Progress in materials science is at the heart of most exciting advances in modern engineering. Materials science consists in exploring the relationships between structure, properties and processing operations that define a material. The engineering materials group develops novel processing techniques to prepare advanced materials. We use cutting edge microscopy to determine material structure at the nano-scale. Then, we employ mathematical tools to characterize the structure and properties of the material, and we design even better ones.

Acoustics research at BYU is strongly cross-disciplinary in character and focuses on the following areas: active noise and vibration control, sound-structure interaction, nonlinear acoustics, audio acoustics and architectural acoustics. The research in acoustics is both experimental and computational in nature and includes simulation and measurement of physical systems, as well as signal processing. Structural dynamics research focuses on modeling and experimental methods to ensure that structures such as aircraft and launch vehicles can survive the dynamic loads that they experience during operation.

Thermodynamics and Heat and Mass Transfer play a critical role in the design and optimization of energy conversion systems at all length scales (nano-, micro- and meso-scales). At BYU, we investigate methods to enhance and/or control transport of heat and mass to achieve efficient thermal management, chemical reactions and energy systems. Efforts include experimental and analytical approaches and address a host of applications (combustion, aerospace, biosensors, energy harvesting, etc.).

This course is an introductory course in programming and computing concepts for engineering students who have little or no experience in computing and programming and are interested in learning programming in the context of a robotic autonomous vehicle system. Introduction to fundamental programming concepts: control flow, iteration, abstraction, sub-routines, functions, recursion, lists and arrays. This course is tightly integrated with a real robotic platform: an autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle which the students will program and fly in lab as they learn programming. Significant emphasis will be placed on building good debugging skills.

An introductory overview of electrical systems that process information-carrying signals. Acquisition, distribution, storage, and utilization of common information, such as text, voice, image, and video. Important attributes and characterization of analog and digital signals. Conversion between analog and digital signals. Modeling of information-distributing systems. Introduction to modulation. Limitations of physical information processing systems. Elementary coding for error detecting and correcting. Simple control systems, feedback principle. Three hours of lectures, one three-hour laboratory. Prerequisite: knowledge of elementary calculus

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