The query should be a JSON object that looks like this:
{"$and": [
{"latitude": {"$gt": 16.0445735678}},
{"latitude": {"$lt": 16.08054643}},
]}
Construct this in what ever language you are using and it will be your query parameter for the MongoClient find method.
In Java, I often use the MongoDb QueryBuilder for complicated queries. In this case it would be like this:
import com.mongodb.DBObject;
import com.mongodb.QueryBuilder;
import io.vertx.core.json.JsonObject;
[...]
DBObject builder = new QueryBuilder().start()
.and(
new QueryBuilder().start().put("latitude").greaterThan(16.0445735678).get(),
new QueryBuilder().start().put("latitude").lessThan(16.08054643).get()
).get();
JsonObject query = new JsonObject(builder.toMap());
mongoClient.find(COLLECTION_NAME, query, response -> {
[handle the response]
});
The QueryBuilder also supports geo queries that may be of interest to you. I've never used that feature so you'll have to research it yourself. Here's the API: