"The espresso martini is back, and rightfully so. A sensation in the '90s, the delicious kick-in-the-pants cocktail is newly popular again. But it's never been fun to make at home. This nitro version, made with Stumptown coffee, delivers the frothy silkiness of the real thing." - Esquire
Nitro is a city in Kanawha and Putnam counties in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It takes its name from a World War I era nitrocellulose plant. The population was 6,618 according to the 2020 census.[2] It is part of the Charleston metropolitan area.
Nitro was incorporated in 1932 by Circuit Court. The name Nitro derives from nitrocellulose, the main ingredient in smokeless gunpowder.[4] The Nitro area was to be the American ammunition production facility during World War I. Daniel C. Jackling "supervised the construction and operation" of the plant, which by the time of the armistice "was producing one hundred thousand pounds of high explosives per day."[5]
Its name was selected by the United States government because of the establishment there, during World War I, of a large federal plant for the manufacture of explosives. The city is known as "a Living Memorial to World War I."
There is no public middle school in Nitro on either side of the county line, nor is there any public school within the Putnam County portion of the city. Middle school students in Kanawha County must bus to Andrew Jackson Middle School in Cross Lanes. Putnam County students must bus to Rock Branch Elementary, Poca Middle, and Poca High.
The reach of the Kanawha River Valley between Belle and Nitro is known locally as the "Chemical Valley", which, at its peak in the late 1950s and early 1960s, was the leading producer of chemicals in the world (Henry, 1974). During World War I the government built an $80 million complex in Nitro to manufacture explosives and chemicals for the war effort.
The site was located on an 1,800-acre (7.3 km2) cow pasture on the Kanawha River on the flat river valley floodplain. The facility had just been placed in operation when the war ended in November 1918. The first shipment of powder was also the last. Local authorities then sought various chemical companies to occupy the facility which had excellent infrastructure in utilities, transportation and new housing for workers. It was hoped that the former gunpowder complex would become a major chemical manufacturing center, especially for the emerging dye industry in the U.S. that relied on coal and coke by-products as feedstock.
The chemical manufacturing history of Nitro resulted in environmental impairment, including the Fike/Artel Chemical Site (EPA ID: WVD047989207), which is on the National Priorities List Superfund. The 12-acre (49,000 m2) site was placed on the EPA National Priorities List in 1983. The site is a former World War I chemical munitions plant at which subsequent chemical manufacturing, reclamation and disposal was allegedly conducted.
The Solutia Inc. Nitro Plant, located on the east bank of the Kanawha River approximately one-half mile north of the City of Nitro in Putnam County, is being investigated through the RCRA program. From 1918 to 1921, the facility manufactured explosives including "nitro-powder" to support World War I. When explosives manufacturing processes ceased, the facility was purchased and used for a variety of industries. In 1971, the buildings were used by a heavy chemical company Fike Chemical and further investigation showed improper waste remediation.[13] RCRA Corrective Action activities at this facility are being conducted under the direction of EPA Region 3 and the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection.[14]
In February 2012, Monsanto agreed to settle a case covering dioxin contamination around a plant in Nitro that had made Agent Orange. Monsanto agreed to pay up to $9 million for cleanup of affected homes, $84 million for medical monitoring of people affected, and the community's legal fees.[17][18]
In 2001 Clonaid operated a lab in Nitro that was tied to the Raelians. It was located inside a rented room within a former high school. The FDA said that the equipment in the lab was state-of-the-art and had been bought by former West Virginia state legislator Mark Hunt.[19]
For over 50 years, the Monsanto plant in Nitro, West Virginia, created dioxin waste while producing herbicides, Agent Orange (during the Vietnam War), and different forms of rubber. Recent and past literature has established a link between the Monsanto plant and increased cancer cases within the region. Although evidence seems to support the occurrence of clustering within the Nitro and Saint Albans areas, further epidemiological and spatial studies are required.[20]
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My favorite canned nitro! I just wish it came in a larger size, both in ounces and quantity. I prefer 16 ounces in a pack of 24. Make sure to add water to the can after pouring it out and swish to get all the coffee out.
There is something poetic, almost romantic, about a freshly-poured pint of stout from a nitro tap. The cascading effect is mesmerizing; the waterfall of tiny bubbles slowly yielding to a dark brew with a fluffy, white head thick enough to float a bottle cap.
While nitro is normally associated with a certain brewery of Irish heritage hailing from Dublin, more and more craft breweries are embracing the nitrogenated method and adding such beers to their lineups. The number of bars adding independent (non-branded) nitro taps is growing as more establishments embrace craft beer and buck the traditions of larger breweries.
There is no official tally on the number of craft breweries that are producing nitrogenated beers, but because of the complex science (and secrecy) that goes into the canned or bottle offerings, most are sticking to draft.
One exception is Left Hand Brewing Company in Longmont, Colo., which has a Milk Stout as part of their regular lineup. Since the standard CO2 version of the stout hit shelves more than a decade ago, the brewery was working to figure out how to nitrogenize bottles.
The brewery first released a bottled nitro version of Milk Stout to the public at the 2011 Great American Beer Festival. Sullivan and others pointed out that many breweries offer the same beer on both types of taps side by side. The difference between the two is vast, with the nitro beer taking on a creamy texture and more evenly distributed flavors while the CO2 beer is more aggressive on the tongue and aroma forward.
Below are key factors that affect stripping efficiency with NewBlot Nitro on Odyssey nitrocellulose membranes. The data figure above compares stripping efficiency using various concentrations, time, and temperature to the recommended standard conditions, 1X, 5 min, ambient.
Open to students entering grades 7-9, campers customize and modify a remote-controlled (RC) vehicle, then attach their custom body shell and race the vehicle in hopes of taking home a first-place trophy. They also explore career opportunities in automotive and truck maintenance while enjoying field trips to three local businesses. Cost includes daily lunch* and a t-shirt.
WCTC is committed to providing equitable access to learning opportunities. If you have a documented disability that requires accommodations, please contact the Student Accessibility Office at S...@wctc.edu as soon as possible after registration to discuss reasonable accommodations to meet your needs. WCTC is unable to provide personal care attendants.
Lunch and snacks are provided each day.
*Participants with dietary restrictions should contact nit...@wctc.edu regarding dietary needs. Please note, we cannot guarantee we will be able to meet all requests. Students may choose to pack their own lunch to ensure safety.
Refunds may only be made when written notice of cancelation and a request for refund is received 60 days prior to the first day of camp. All requests for refunds must be in writing and emailed to nit...@wctc.edu.
In some cases, refunds may be granted after the cancelation and refund period for medical or emergency circumstances. A written notice of cancelation with an explanation of medical or emergency circumstances must be provided to nit...@wctc.edu for a refund request to be considered. Partial or full refunds for medical or emergency circumstances will be at the discretion of WCTC after reviewing the request.
Some activities may be canceled when weather conditions are unsuitable. Alternative activities will be provided. Camp sessions are held regardless of weather, but programs may be modified due to inclement weather. Refunds are not given when activities are canceled due to inclement weather.
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