{
"timeline":
{
"type":"default",
"startDate":"1863,11,1",
"date": [
{
"startDate":"1863,11,19",
"headline":"The Gettysburg Address",
"text":"<p>President Lincoln was asked to offer “a few appropriate remarks”<span class=footnotez>1</span> at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pa. His speech, which lasted less than three minutes, was not without its critics (the Chicago Times called it “silly, flat”), but “praise grew in the days and weeks that follow.”<span class=footnotez>2</span></p><span class=footnotezspan>1) David Wills to AL, Nov. 2, 1863, in Louis A. Warren, Lincoln's Gettysburg Declaration: "A New Birth of Freedom" (Fort Wayne, Ind.: Lincoln National Life Foundation, 1964), 45-46. 2) Ronald C. White, Jr.,The Eloquent President: A Portrait of Lincoln Through His Own Words (New York: Random House, 2005), 257.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"A look at how political rivals could have taken President Lincoln's words out of context."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1863,12,8",
"headline":"Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction",
"text":"<p>President Lincoln's proclamation “called for the reunion of rebel states if at least 10% of the population swore loyalty to the government and accepted abolition.”<span class=footnotez>1</span> The New Hampshire-based “Farmers' Cabinet” called it “progressive” and said that the plan has been received, “save the few captious friends of slavery in the North,” with “marked tokens of favor and approval.”<span class=footnotez>2</span></p><span class=footnotezspan>1) Manisha Sinha, “Allies for Emancipation? Lincoln and Black Abolitionists” in Our Lincoln: New Perspectives on Lincoln and his World, Ed. by Eric Foner (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 2008,) 47. 2) Farmers' Cabinet, December 17, 1863.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"As Lincoln plans for the Union's future, an attack ad suggests that people will be worse off if he wins a second term."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,1,11",
"headline":"The 13th Amendment, Ending Slavery, Proposed",
"text":"<p>Congress will not pass the 13th Amendment for another year, but in the meantime Lincoln made an effort to “carefully work behind the scenes to encourage the drafting of antislavery constitutions in Louisiana and other Southern states.”<span class=footnotez>1</span></p><span class=footnotezspan>1) Ronald C. White, Jr.,The Eloquent President: A Portrait of Lincoln Through His Own Words (New York: Random House, 2005), 297.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"A satirical attack ad targeting the suspension of the write of habeus corpus during the Civil War."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,4,12",
"headline":"Fort Pillow Massacre",
"text":"<p>After a battle at Fort Pillow in Tennessee, Confederate soldiers massacred hundreds of Union soldiers -- many of whom were African American. In a statement delivered in Baltimore a few days later, President Lincoln promised “retribution” (a promise that was “warmly applauded”), but added that it would come only after “the facts were clearly given.”<span class=footnotez>1</span></p><span class=footnotezspan>Speech of President Lincoln: At the Opening of the Sanitary Fair at Baltimore, April 18, 1864,” Washington Reporter, April 27, 1864.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"An attack ad against Lincoln demands retribution for the massacre."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,5,19",
"headline":"Battle of Spotsylvania Court House",
"text":"<p>Gens. Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee battled for days near Fredericksburg, Va. President Lincoln and other Washingtonians were not far from the carnage of this campaign, as Grant sent the wounded to the capital. One resident had to leave the city, as “the moans of... poor suffering men were too much” for her nerves.</p><span class=footnotezspan>Doris Kearns Goodwin, Team of Rivals (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006), 619.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"A third-party group demands an end to the bloodshed."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,6,3",
"headline":"National Bank Act of 1864",
"text":"<p>This act allowed for the issuing of “greenbacks” as U.S. currency and eventually had banks throughout the Union comply by ceasing to issue their own banknotes.<span class=footnotez>1</span></p><span class=footnotezspan>Civil War: Untold Tales of the Blue and Gray (Lincolnwood, Illinois: West Side Publishing, 2008), 176.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"A tongue-in-cheek attack of Lincoln's economic policies."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,6,8",
"headline":"Lincoln and Andrew Johnson Nominated",
"text":"<p>Ex-Gov. Joseph Wright of Indiana offered resounding support for the ticket in his convention speech, praising Johnson's “love of country” and saying of President Lincoln: “... I do not know where to find his equal.” <span class=footnotez>1</span> Lincoln would make the abolition of slavery (eventually realized with the passage of the 13th Amendment) a cornerstone of his second term. </p><span class=footnotezspan>“Lincoln in the Field” New York Herald, June 16, 1864.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"An attack ad that paints Democratic frontrunner Gen. George B. McClellan as an aspiring dictator provides a contrast with Lincoln's nomination alongside a Southern Democrat."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,7,4",
"headline":"Act to Encourage Immigration",
"text":"<p>President Lincoln, going back as far as his first election, had the challenge of maintaining the nascent Republican Party's coalition -- many of whom were members of the nativist American Party and were strongly anti-immigrant. The president “disavowed any sympathy with the nativists,” but “their support was essential.” </p><span class=footnotezspan>Doris Kearns Goodwin, Team of Rivals (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006), 267.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"A tongue-in-cheek look at how nativists and political rivals could attack immigration legislation."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,8,31",
"headline":"McClellan Nominated by Democrats",
"text":"<p>George B. McClellan, running on a pro-peace platform, is nominated to oppose President Lincoln. “Scores of men in every neighborhood, who have heretofore been the most inveterate opponents and denouncers of the Democracy, now have openly declare their intention to oppose Lincoln and cast their support for the nominee of the Chicago Convention. The unpopularity of the present Administration is hourly increasing, and the signs in Sciota county indicate a majority of at least five hundred this fall for the Democracy.”</p><span class=footnotezspan>The Daily Age, September 5, 1864</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"Upon General McClellan's nomination, a pro-Lincoln ad attacks his leadership skills."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,9,2",
"headline":"Fall of Atlanta",
"text":"<p>Gen. William T. Sherman's “March to the Sea” campaign takes Atlanta, a Confederate stronghold.<br><br>“The national thanks are tendered by the President to Major-General William T. Sherman and the gallant officers and soldiers of his command before Atlanta, for the distinguished ability, courage, and perseverance displayed in the campaign in Georgia, which under Divine power resulted in the capture of the city of Atlanta. The marches, battles, sieges, and other military operations that have signalized this campaign must render it famous in the annals of war, and have entitled those who have participated therein to the applause and thanks of the nation.” </p><span class=footnotezspan>Pres. Abraham Lincoln,Order of Thanks to William T. Sherman and Others, September 3, 1864<span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"A pro-Lincoln campaign video highlights recent Union victories."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,10,19",
"headline":"Confederate Attack at St. Albans, Vt.",
"text":"<p>A band of Confederate soldiers (via Canada) raided the town of St. Albans, Vt. The event proved to be an international incident between the Union and Britain, causing headaches for President Lincoln. Even the Canadian press seemed to empathize, remarking: “We can hardly expect Mr. Lincoln and his ministers to sit idly by and witness such acts...”. <span class=footnotez>1</span></p><span class=footnotezspan>“The Border Raids” New York Herald, December 16, 1864.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"An anti-Lincoln ad attacks the president as being soft on terror."
}
},
{
"startDate":"1864,11,8",
"headline":"Lincoln Reelected",
"text":"<p>In the days leading up to the election, one writer lamented the state of politics, saying: “This war, which should have sobered the people and merged politics in patriotism, has had precisely the opposite effect upon politicians of all parties.” He went on to highlight many rumors circulating about impending election fraud -- from both sides -- and mocked the Democratic papers that label President Lincoln “a swindler...[although] he was never suspected of petty swindling before.”<span class=footnotez>1</span></p><span class=footnotezspan>“The Remarkable Phenomena of the Political Canvass,” New York Herald, November 4, 1864.</span>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":"This video employs the conciliatory language and tone that marked Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address."
}
}
],
"era": [{
"headline":"Lincoln 1864",
"startDate":"1863,11,1",
"text":"<p>The Great Emancipator. The Rail Splitter. Honest Abe. These are modern-day perceptions of our 16th president. But how did his contemporaries see him? His rivals? The media? For the 150th anniversary of Lincoln’s reelection campaign against Gen. George B. MCClellan, a FlackCheck.org timeline follows Lincoln during the 1864 election year through use of primary source accounts and campaign ads created by FlackCheck.org that employ modern-day political tactics.</p>",
"asset":
{
"credit":"",
"caption":""
}
}
]
}
}