Bhajanis the generic name for any kind of Indian, usually Hindu, devotional song. It is completely text-led, its devotional nature underpinned by the words rather than by any specific musical style. It can be something as straightforward as a recitation or chant (kirtan) of a given mantra (usually a word or sound repeated to aid concentration in meditation) all the way to something as complex and sophisticated as the Dhrupad of North India or the kriti form of Carnatic music, based on pure raag (melodic structure) and executed in a specific taal (rhythmic cycle).
They openly challenged the authority of the clergy and the learned teachers who had, thus far, enjoyed a complete monopoly over the interpretation of Hindu scriptures. Many bhakti songs came to be written in the vernacular or everyday languages of North and South India, making them easier to memorise and sing outside the normal ritualised temple context.
The Persian Sufis (Islamic mystics) spread through North India from about the 12th century onwards, and found a natural affinity with the ideas of bhakti. There was a great deal of give and take, both musically and poetically, between the two traditions.
The poems are in a variety of Hindi dialects spoken at the time, but tend to use stunningly simple language and mundane everyday scenarios to convey highly complex spiritual ideas. Even so, the classic bhajans by Surdas, Tulsidas, Kabir and Meera are considered to be of very high literary value compared to more modern bhajans, where the lyrics are more accessible to the masses.
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With a scarf wrapped around his shoulders and his head covered with a skull cap, Mohammad Mushtakeem Ahmad starts his day by offering Namaaz in a Pathan suit. Once it is over, he slips into saffron clothes, sports a sandalwood `tilak' on his forehead, and gets ready for singing praises to Hindu deities.
A devout Muslim, Ahmad has been doing this regularly for the last 15 years. He sings `bhajans' (devotional songs) and chants verses from the Hindu scriptural book `Ramcharitmanas' (The Acts of Lord Rama) at temples.
"After offering my morning prayers, I leave for the temples for singing bhajans. I consider myself very lucky as I get the opportunity to appease the almighty, both by devotional songs and Namaaz," Ahmad told IANS.
"While singing bhajans and chanting shlokas (verses) I derive a unique sense of satisfaction that can't be put into words. During that period I feel like I am communicating with the almighty. It's an out of this world experience," he added.
Ahmad, 34, a native of Bhatauli village in Mirzapur district, inclined towards devotional songs when he was just eight.
"I remember a team of artistes visited my village to perform bhajans. I attended that programme with some of my Hindu friends and was deeply influenced by their performance. It was because of them that for the first time I got inclined towards Hindu devotional songs," Ahmad recalled.
"With the passage of time, my interest in devotional songs enhanced and I started attending such programmes organised at various temples in Mirzapur at regular intervals," he added.
Ahmad's interest in devotional songs prompted him to also contact a group of local artistes who were regular performers at the temples.
"When I was around 13 years old, I decided to contact the local artistes to give me a small role to play in their troupe. The artistes agreed and I started performing occasionally with them at the temples," said Ahmad.
Though Ahmad's family never objected to his move, several of his relatives were dead against his decision to join the troupe.
"With the support of my family I even started receiving training in singing from a local teacher, but this was not liked by several of my relatives, who even stopped coming to our home," said Ahmad.
"But without bothering about the relatives, my family continued to support me, and I started giving regular performances when I was on the verge of finishing my school studies," said Ahmad, who is a graduate.
Ahmad regularly visits the Vindhyachal and other temples here for singing bhajans in the morning. He also organises bhajan programmes here and outside.
People from Sonbhadra, Chandauli, Allahabad and Varanasi also approach Ahmad for holding devotional programmes.
"The best thing about Ahmad is that he never imposes any conditions for participating in an event. He accepts whatever money you offer him for his performances," Girdharilal Mishra, who has been inviting Ahmad for programmes in Chandauli, told IANS.
Shanshank Sharma, a native of Mirzapur, told IANS: "We really take pride in having a man in our village who has become a symbol of communal harmony. We really need to have more people like Mushtakeem for bridging the gap between Hindus and Muslims."
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While we must encourage the future generations to memorise the songs in the way the previous generations did, in an era when there was no internet, digital literature is now becoming an enabler for many to further study and explore Hinduism and the Hindu way of life.
The numbers validate the success story. Shri Hanuman Chalisa, with over three billion views, is one of the most viewed videos on YouTube, globally. In India, it is perhaps the second most viewed video, after the childhood rhyme Lakdi Ki Kaathi with 3.3 billion views.
Run by T-Series, the biggest channel on YouTube, with over 237 million subscribers, T-Series Bhakti Sagar, has over 25,000 videos and close to 28 billion views, a number that puts it in the top-50 channels globally in terms of viewership.
Other popular videos on the channel include Shree Hanuman Amritwani with over 517 million views, Man Mera Mandir Shiv Meri Puja with close to 400 million views, Sankat Mochan Hanuman Ashtak and Mahamrityunjay Mantra with 371 million views each, and the list goes on.
Interestingly, most of these devotional songs with hundreds of millions of views, at least on the T-Series channel, have been recorded by the late Gulshan Kumar and one of the greatest singers of the 1990s, Anuradha Paudwal. They have been remixed for enhanced quality sound, as is the norm.
Further, most video descriptions contain streaming hyperlinks for Gaana, Wynk Music, Amazon Prime Music, Apple Music, Hungama, Spotify, Google Music, iTunes, and many such services. Put simply, an entire digital ecosystem of devotional music has been cultivated.
For instance, Maithili Thakur, a young musician, with over 4 million subscribers, has more than 80 videos of bhajans alone on her channel, categorised into a separate playlist with each video garnering a few million views.
Amit Trivedi, one of the best music directors in the Mumbai film industry today, under his independent label, routinely uploads devotional videos, each going viral. Again, the list is endless, be it YouTube or Instagram.
More than 25,000 videos, on one channel alone, is much more literature than a big bookshelf may accommodate, and to have all of them accessible in the best audio and video quality for free, almost, is the icing on the cake.
Tune to Tamil Hindu devotional radio channels online for free.Listen to Bhakthi sogs , popular Hindu devotional songs , bhakthi songs , sivan songs and popular Hindu devotionalreligious songs.All Hindu devotional radios in one place.Sit and listen to almost all Hindu devotional radio station online in the internet
Welcome to the Spiritual Audio Gallery from the Shaivam Home Page Shaivam.org. You would find here many Hindu devotional songs as well as online lectures specifically hailing Lord Shiva in Sanskrit, Tamil and other Indian languages.
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