It looks like no matter where you link to Pathbrite from D2L, it’s always sending Pathbrite the same information, so Pathbrite has no way to distinguish which is an assignment, and which is just a link:
[resource_link_id] => 83fc54ae-b065-c3b4-1126-91922a3ba11d_223771631
[resource_link_title] => Pathbrite Prod
[resource_link_description] => description at the admin level
The only thing that ever changes though is the resource_link_id. Does LTI send any other information that can be used to determine the different link types?
Currently there is no way to identify the type of link that LTI launch was performed from. As you pointed out, one piece of unique data that is sent with the LTI launch from each link is the resource_link_id. One option would be to – upon first launch of a link – have your app prompt the user to specify what kind of link this is. That way, when the instructor is populating their courses with LTI Links, they could click each link and then configure your app on your end. You run the risk that if the instructor missed this step, students would not be redirected appropriately.