E, [2015-02-07T10:09:13.003848 #3168] ERROR -- net.ssh.authentication.key_manager[130d244]: could not load private key file `c:/users/george/.ssh/vagrant/id_rsa.ppk': ArgumentError (Could not parse PKey: no start line)
D, [2015-02-07T10:09:13.003848 #3168] DEBUG -- net.ssh.authentication.agent[13313e8]: connecting to ssh-agent
E, [2015-02-07T10:09:13.004348 #3168] ERROR -- net.ssh.authentication.agent[13313e8]: could not connect to ssh-agent
E, [2015-02-07T10:09:13.004348 #3168] ERROR -- net.ssh.authentication.session[1304db4]: all authorization methods failed (tried none, publickey)
So the solution was to convert the .ppk key to OpenSSH in PuttyGen, but use it only for vagrant up. The Vagrantfile then looks something like
config.ssh.insert_key = false
config.ssh.private_key_path = <your path to the OpenSSH formatted key>
config.putty.private_key_path = <your path to the Putty ppk formatted key>
Then vagrant up returns successfully and you can do vagrant putty afterwards.
Thanks for the good docs and debug info!
George