Wikipedia... and Kumaon
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Frederick [FN] Noronha * फ्रेडरिक नोरोन्या
Below are the Wikipedia pages on Kumaon. As you know, anyone can edit/improve these pages. Wonder if there are any volunteers who might like to work on these, or add new Kumaon-related pages to one of the top-ten most-visited websites on the planet. --FN
PS: You need to log-in before getting permissions to edit. Once you log-in it's very easy...* * * * *
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumaon_Division
Kumaon Division
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kumaon (or Kumaun) is one of the two regions and administrative divisions of Uttarakhand, a mountainous state of northern India, the other being Garhwal. It includes the districts of Almora, Bageshwar, Champawat, Nainital, Pithoragarh, and Udham Singh Nagar . It is bounded on the north by Tibet, on the east by Nepal, on the south by the state of Uttar Pradesh, and on the west by the Garhwal region. The people of Kumaon are known as Kumaonis. It is home to a famous Indian Army regiment, the Kumaon Regiment. Important towns of Kumaon are Haldwani, Nainital, Rudrapur, Almora, Pithoragarh, Mukteshwar and Ranikhet. Nainital is the administrative centre of Kumaon Division.
It consists of a large Himalayan tract, together with two submontane strips called the Terai and the Bhabhar. The submontane strips were up to 1850 an almost impenetrable forest, given up to wild animals; but after 1850 the numerous clearings attracted a large population from the hills, who cultivated the rich soil during the hot and cold seasons, returning to the hills in the rains. The rest of Kumaon is a maze of mountains, part of the Himalaya range, some of which are among the loftiest known. In a tract not more than 225 km in length and 65 km in breadth there are over thirty peaks rising to elevations exceeding 5500 m. The rivers like Gori, Dhauli , Kali etc rise chiefly in the southern slope of the Tibetan watershed north of the loftiest peaks, amongst which they make their way down valleys'of rapid declivity and extraordinary depth. The principal are the Sharda (Kali), the Pindari and Kailganga, whose waters join the Alaknanda. The river Sharda (Kali) forms the international boundary between India and Nepal. The pilgrim route currently used to visit Kailash-Mansarovar, goes along this river and crosses into Tibet at Lipu Lekh pass.
The chief trees are the Chir Pine, Himalayan Cypress, Pindrow Fir, alder, sal or iron-wood, and saindan. Limestone, sandstone, slate, gneiss and granite constitute the principal geological formations. Mines of iron, copper, gypsum, lead and asbestos exist; but they are not thoroughly worked. Except in the submontane strips and deep valleys the climate is mild. The rainfall of the outer Himalayan range, which is first struck by the monsoon, is double that of the central hills, in the average proportion of 2000 mm to 1000 mm. No winter passes without snow on the higher ridges, and in some years it is universal throughout the mountain tract. Frosts, especially in the valleys, are often severe.
Kumaon with headquarters at Nainital. Area 35,136 km²; pop. (1901), 1,207,030, showing an increase of less than 2% in the decade. Kumaon proper constituted an old Rajput principality, which became extinct at the beginning of the 19th century. For some time region was ruled by Gorkhas. But People of Kumaon fought them bravely. At that India was divided and nobody came to help them. By their courage and wisdom, and help from British, they thrown Gorkhas outside. Later, the region was annexed by the British in 1815, and was governed for seventy years on the non-regulation system by three administrators, Mr. Traill, Mr J. H. Batten and Sir Henry Ramsay. In 1891 the division was composed of the three districts of Kumaon, Garhwal and the Tarai; but the two districts of Kumaon and the Tarai were subsequently redistributed and renamed after their headquarters, Nainital and Almora.
[edit] Etymology
The word Kumaon can be traced back to the 5th century BC. The Kassite Assyrians left their homeland 'Kummah', on the banks of river Euphrates,and settled in the northern part of India. These inhabitants formed Koliyan tribe and having their new settlement as Kumaoon. Lord Buddha's mother, Mayabati belonged to this clan.
An another version of the origin is that word Kumaon is believed to have been derived from "Kurmanchal", meaning land of the Kurmavatar (the tortoise incarnation of Lord Vishnu, the preserver according to Hindu mythology). The region of Kumaon is named after as such.
[edit] In Media
- Official site of Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nigam (KMVN) for tourist information : [1]
- www.4dham.com Un official Uttarakhand Information Centre, Kumaon, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
- Maneaters of Kumaon - Book on a gripping true account by Jim Corbett on the deadly tigers that ate humans with impunity until they were killed.
- Different dialects of Kumaoni are spoken in different parts of Kumaon.
- Brief History of kumaon: [2]
- http://kumaoni.com - Community website
[edit] References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition , a publication now in the public domain.
Categories: Regions of India | Uttarakhand
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumaon_District
Nainital District
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nainital is a district of Uttarakhand state, India. The headquarter is at Nainital.
Nainital District is located in Kumaon Division, and is bounded on the north by the Almora District and on the south by the Udham Singh Nagar District. Haldwani is the largest town in the district.
[edit] External links
| Divisions and Districts of Uttarakhand |
|---|
| Kumaon Division: Almora | Bageshwar | Champawat | Nainital | Pithoragarh | Udham Singh Nagar |
| Garhwal Division: Chamoli | Dehradun | Haridwar | Pauri Garhwal | Rudra Prayag | Tehri Garhwal | Uttarkashi |
Kedarnath (coordinates: 30°44′N 79°04′E / 30.73, 79.07) (Hindi: केदारनाथ) is a Hindu holy town located in the north - Indian state of Uttarakhand.The most remote of the four Char Dham sites, Kedarnath is located in the Himalaya, about 3585m above sea level near the river Mandakini, and is flanked by breathtaking snow-capped peaks. Kedarnath hosts one of the holiest Hindu temples and is a popular destination for Hindu pilgrims from all over the world. In a scenic spot, at an altitude of 3,585 m at the origin of the river Mandakini. Kedarnath is accessible by a 13 km trek from Gori Kund, which is connected by road from Rishikesh, Haridwar.
Categories: Districts of Uttarakhand | Uttarakhand geography stubs | Nainital
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumaon_Regiment
Kumaon Regiment
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| The Kumaon Regiment | |
|---|---|
 Regimental Insignia of the Kumaon Regiment |
|
| Active | 1788 - Present (1945-Present with the name "The Kumaon regiment") |
| Country | India |
| Branch | Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | 21 Battalions including 1 battalion of the Kumaon Scouts and 2 battalions of the Naga Regiment |
| Regimental Centre | Ranikhet, Uttarakhand |
| Motto | Prakramo Vijayate (Valour Triumphs) |
| War Cry | Kalika Mata Ki Jai (Victory to the Great Goddess Kali) Bajrang Bali Ki Jai (Victory to Bajrang Bali) Dada Kishan Ki Jai (Victory to Dada Kishan) Jai Durge Naga |
| Decorations | 2 Param Vir Chakras, 3 Ashoka Chakras, 10 Maha Vir Chakras, 6 Kirti Chakras, 2 Uttam Yudh Seva Medals, 78 Vir Chakras , 1 Vir Chakra & Bar, 23 Shaurya Chakras, 1 Yudh Seva Medal, 127 Sena Medals, 2 Sena Medals and Bar, 8 Param Vishisht Seva Medals, 24 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals, 1 PV, 2 PB, 1 PS, 1 AW and 36 Vishisht Seva Medals. |
| Battle honours | Post Independence
Srinagar (Badgam), Rezangla, Gadra City, Bhaduria, Daudkandi, Sanjoi Mirpur and Shamsher Nagar |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders |
General S M Srinagesh, General K S Thimayya and General T N Raina |
| Insignia | |
| Regimental Insignia | A demi-rampant lion holding a cross. The demi-rampant lion is part of the arms of the Russel family, whose ancestor had started the body of troops now formed into the Kumaon Regiment. |
The Kumaon Regiment is one of the most decorated regiments of the Indian Army. The regiment traces its orgins with the British Indian Army and has fought in various campaigns including the two world wars. After independence, the regiment has fought in all major conflicts involving India.
Contents[hide] |
[edit] History
The Kumaonis had been in British military service since the early 19th Century. As part of the North Indian class, who had joined the military of the East India Company's forces, the Kumaonis had moved to other states in search of military service. Thus they formed part of the Hyderabad Contingent, which was raised, trained and led by British officers under Henry Russel, but paid by the Nizam of Hyderabad. In 1857, in keeping with the class based composition of the infantry, the Regiment comprised Rajputs, Jats and Muslims. After the Great War, some Kumaoni battalions were raised separately, but the Hyderabadis continued and fought with distinction in the World War. In 1945, the Hyderabadis became the Kumaon Regiment. When the Naga Regiment and the Kumaon Scouts were raised, they came under the aegis of the Kumaon Regiment. It has the unique distinction of producing three Army Chiefs (General S M Srinagesh (4th Kumaon), General K S Thimayya (4th Kumaon) and General T N Raina (14th Kumaon)).
[edit] Battle of Rezang La
Main Article: Sino-Indian War
The regiment has many heroic exploits to its credit. One of these, the last stand of Company C, 13 Kumaon Regiment at Rezang La has been placed in the ten most heroic stands in history along with the Defence of Saragarhi and Battle of Alamo. Of the 118 men at Rezang La, 109 men laid down their lives, 5 men were captured and only 4 men returned back alive.
[edit] Galantry Awards
Major Somnath Sharma, 4th Kumaon, was the first recipient of the Param Vir Chakra (Posthumous), for the Regiment in October 1947. He was also the first individual, from the three Services, to receive the Param Vir Chakra - India's highest award for gallantry. Major Shaitan Singh, 13th Kumaon, was the second recipient of the Param Vir Chakra (Posthumous), in November 1962. The regiment has won 2 Param Vir Chakras, 3 Ashoka Chakras, 10 Maha Vir Chakras, 6 Kirti Chakras, 2 Uttam Yudh Seva Medals, 78 Vir Chakras , 1 Vir Chakra & Bar, 23 Shaurya Chakras, 1 Yudh Seva Medal, 127 Sena Medals, 2 Sena Medals and Bar, 8 Param Vishisht Seva Medals, 24 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals, 1 PV, 2 PB, 1 PS, 1 AW and 36 Vishisht Seva Medals.
[edit] Current Strength
- 2nd Battalion (SECOND KUMAON)
- 3rd Battalion (THIRD KUMAON)
- 4th Battalion (FOUR KUMAON)
- 5th Battalion (FIVE KUMAON)
- 6th Battalion (SIX KUMAON)
- 7th Battalion (SEVEN KUMAON)
- 8th Battalion
- 9th Battalion
- 11th Battalion
- 12th Battalion
- 13th Battalion
- 15th Battalion
- 16th Battalion
- 17th Battalion (ex-31st Battalion)
- 18th Battalion
- 19th Battalion
- 20th Battalion
- 21st Battalion
- Kumaon Scouts
- 1 Naga
- 2 Naga
[edit] References
The Kumaon Regiment on Bharat-Rakshak
Categories: Regiments of the Indian Army | Indian Army | Military of India | British Indian Army regiments | Uttarakhand | Almora
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