NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Salimonu Kadiri
Some decades ago, Fela sang a song titled, Zombie. Every Nigerian believed that the song, Zombie, portrayed the Nigerian Armed Forces as composing mentally degenerated people who are incapable of discerning what is good from what is bad since they could only act on command. The Commander would order : March forward; Open your mouth; Turn to the right; Turn to the left; Fall in, Fall out; Halt!; Stand at ease; Shoot and kill and the Armed men would obey any orders from the Commander just like senseless people. To be fair, 'Zombies' in Nigeria are not limited alone to the Armed Forces because all Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) throughout the Federation of Nigeria are peopled by 'Literate Zombies' whom, in my previous postings, were wrongly referred to as Western Educated. Being educated, whether in the Western, Eastern, Northern or Southern part of the world, should imply that one has successfully gone through an act or a process of acquiring knowledge in a specific field or profession. As an example, a Western Educated Nigerian Electrical Engineer must, at least, have acquired scientific and technical knowledge of generating and distributing electricity. When a Nigerian is employed, paid, and equipped financially and materially, to apply his/her acquired scientific and technical knowledge of generating electricity for Nigerians, but he/she fails, the purported Western Education in Electrical Engineering must either be a fake or his/her educator(s) must have deliberately trained him/her to be a Literate Zombie, which means he/she cannot act as an electrical engineer without supervision of, and orders from, his/her educator. The economic and industrial underdevelopment of Nigeria, despite the availability of enormous natural resources and good climate are caused mainly by the 'Literate Zombies' in the MDAs of Nigeria. Literate Zombies are fluent in spoken and written English Language. However, when it comes to practical application of knowledge, they are just like mechanical toys in their fields of specialization and must be winded repeatedly to perform pre-programmed functions. The winders of the Nigeria's mechanical toys are the foreign interests. What causes Nigerians to be 'Literate Zombies'?
In London Sunday Times of 14 October 2007, Dr. James D. Watson, who shared the Nobel Price with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins in 1962 for the discovery of the structure of DNA, said of the Black people in general thus, "I am inherently gloomy about the prospect of Africa because all our social policies are based on the fact that their intelligence is the same as ours, whereas all the testing says not really." He concluded, "There was no reason to believe different races separated by geography should have evolved identically hoping that everybody was equal, people who have to deal with black employees find this is not true." In a nutshell, what Dr. James D. Watson was saying is that the Blacks are not equal to the Whites because Blacks are inferior intelligently to the Whites. Intelligence, as distinguished from brilliance, is creative. Brilliance is more of an ability to reproduce what intelligence has created. For instance, someone came up with the law of gravity. That is intelligence at work. Someone else studies the law of gravity, takes an exam in it and scores 100 per cent, that is brilliance. One cannot be intelligent without being brilliant but one can be brilliant without being intelligent. Thus, if we juxtapose Dr. Watson's opinion on the political and economic development of Africa as administered by the Literate Zombies, it becomes very obvious that Africans have, in all practical terms, demonstrated that we possess very low IQ. IQ tests are intended to determine the speed of thought, soundness of reasoning and sense of organisation. It is a very good test of mental capability and creative ability. In order to test the validity of Dr. James D. Watson's assertion about the superiority of the Whites to the Blacks, what one needs to do is to take a look at Nigeria, where the evidence of retarded intelligence or Zombie-like behaviour is astonishingly very glaring. Let's take a look at the Nigerian Minister of Power who is a professor of electricity. He travelled officially to London or New York to buy transformers and generating plants for the purpose of generating and distributing electricity in Nigeria. Before his departure, the honourable Minister had registered a brief-case Company in his name and opened several bank accounts in which he is the sole signatory. In collusion with the Permanent Secretary and some Directors of the Ministry of Power, the Minister awarded to himself the contract to supply Transformers and Generating plants and received, in advance, full payment for the contract into his bank accounts. On getting to London or New York, he saw a very beautiful environment and a system that works. Water flowed, electric lights were constant, roads were smooth, streets were clean, drainages were covered, public transport was excellent and technology worked for everybody. The Minister looked around and exclaimed, "Wow, what a beautiful place!" One would expect him to add, "I will go back to Nigeria with these transformers and generating plants to create constant electricity supplies in Nigeria." Instead, the Nigerian Minister of Power turned to his White host to say and ask, "I want to buy mansions here and I am going to pay cash down; can you help me?" That is the limit of the IQ of all our Literate Zombies in Nigeria. They are all, as Yoruba people will call them, KÓLÁJÁDE and not KÓLÁWO'LÉ meaning take wealth outside and not, bring wealth inside home. Of course, White Londoner or New Yorker, as usual, would cooperate with Nigeria's Minister of Power to help him buy mansions there with the stolen money from the Ministry of Power resulting in epileptic power supply or permanent darkness for Nigerians. How were Literate Zombies created in Nigeria?
In a letter written to Pope Henessy by Edmund Blyden in 1871, he warned that the subjection of Africans to 'unmodified European training' would produce slaveries far more subversive of the real welfare of the race than the ancient physical fetters through which the Blacks were carted and ferried away to the Americas and West Indies like cattle. It is noteworthy that Edmund Blyden did not say 'unmodified European Education' but 'unmodified European Training.' For the mere fact that Chimpanzees are trained to use knives and focks to eat does not imply that they are educated. However, the warning of Edmund Blyden was not heeded because the intention of the colonialists was not to educate Africans but to train them to serve colonial interests. Training of Africans by the colonialists was not open to all Africans but to a selected few. The purpose of limiting the training of Africans to very few of us was better illustrated by a part of what Malcolm X said in his Message to the Grass Roots thus, "The slave- master took Tom and dressed him well, fed him well and even gave him a little education - a little education; give him a long coat and a top hat and made the other slaves look up to him. Then he used Tom to control them. The same strategy that was used in those days is used today, by the same white man. He takes a Negro, a so-called Negro, and makes him prominent, builds him up, publicizes him, makes him a celebrity. And then he becomes a spokesman for Negroes - and a Negro leader." Trained Nigerians are Literate Zombies who have been rewired and retooled into abandoning Nigeria's real needs and aspirations for the purpose of devoting their lives and entire existence into serving the global conquerors. Literate Nigerian Zombies connive with foreigners to go into joint ventures, especially in the crude oil exploration, that present Nigerians as owners of companies which in reality are foreign owned. Due to the control of the white world over the literate Zombies that pervade the entire administration of Nigeria, the white world often act and behave as if Nigerians never can know where the shoes they wear are pinching unless they tell them. Therefore, the US and Western Europe controlled UN do not only always diagnose and proffer solutions to our industrial and economic problems but command the Literate Zombies to accept and implement their solutions. In 1985 when a Nigerian naira was exchanging at one dollar and fifty cents, the global economic dictators instructed the military and civilian Literate Zombies in Nigeria to devalue naira against the dollar so that Nigeria's products would be cheaper in the world market and make Nigeria to earn more money for its exports. Although the only major export from Nigeria was crude oil and its prize, internationally, was not decided in naira but dollar, Nigeria's Literate Zombies complied with the instruction of the global economic dictators. Naira was devalued and Nigeria's economy nose-dived and suffered a great recession. By the time Obasanjo became President in 1999, naira was exchanging at N85 to a dollar. Of what gain was the United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa (UN-NADAF) which the global economic dictators forced Nigeria's Literate Zombies to accept in 1990? Five years later, 1995, the Global economic dictators set up the so-called implementing arm of NADAF called the United Nations System-Wide Special Initiative on Africa which Nigeria's Literate Zombies embraced just like a dog will embrace a bone thrown to it by its master. NADAF was buried in year 2000 without any benefit for Nigeria or Africa as a whole when the global economic dictators replaced it with New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). At the same time, Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) which was designed by the global economic dictators to cure most of our socio-economic ailments by year 2015 was handed over to Nigeria's Literate Zombies and they grabbed it without second thought. By the end of year 2015, Nigerians were economically poorer than year 2000, yet the global economic dictators were unrestrained to throw a new plan called Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on the lap of Nigeria's Literate Zombies for implementations between 2015 and 2030. The enormous power of the global economic dictators over Nigeria's Literate Zombies was demonstrated in the recently celebrated Valentine Day.
On 8 February 2018, pmnewsnigeria.com in its publication announced that AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF), founded in Nigeria in 2009, was to observe what was termed World Condom Day on 13 February 2018, with distribution of three-hundred-thousand condoms and carrying out forty-three-thousand HIV test among Nigerians.
Two days to the Valentine's Day, Nigerian Punch online had the headline, Avoid Unprotected Sex On Valentine's Day, Government Tells Nigerians. Here follows excerpts from the warning: Ahead of the Valentine's Day which will hold on Wednesday, 14 February 2018, the Director General of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Dr. Sani Aliyu, has called on Nigerians, especially the youths not to engage in unprotected sex.
He said it was important that all Nigerians know their HIV/status, .. A young person not tested may not have the opportunity to enjoy future Valentine's Days, if he or she is diagnosed late or presents with terminal complications related to HIV infection and AIDS.
The NACA boss revealed that, at least, 15 per cent of Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of 15. He said that about 4.2 per cent of persons between the ages of 15 and 24 have HIV. The DG noted that first sexual contact in Nigeria begins at less than 15 years for 15 per cent of Nigeria's youth.... Only 17 per cent of young people know their HIV status. The DG states that new HIV infections are currently highest among young people aged 15 - 24 years. It is important to encourage the use of barrier protection such as condoms, which prevent STDs including HIV and unwanted pregnancies. Before commenting on the sexual warning to Nigerians by the Director General of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Dr, Sani Aliyu, I want to assert that if Nigeria's socio-economic and health problems are enumerated in order of priority from one to a hundred (1 - 100), HIV/AIDS shall list 100. In August 1987, the Federal Government adopted a blue-print titled, National Health Policy and Strategy to achieve health for all Nigerians by the year 2000. It was initiated by the then Minister of Health and Human Services, Olikoye Ransome-Kuti, a Professor of Paediatrics under the military President, Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida. In fact, Professor Ransome-Kuti had dismissed the existence of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria then, pointing out that Nigerians were dying of preventable and curable diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever, cough and cholera. Professor Ransome-Kuti, however, believed that Nigerians were giving births to too many children. Therefore, he initiated in 1987, a government's population policy of one-woman-four-children at a cost of N228 million which was financially aided by USAID. Under Obasanjo's government, in 2004, and through his Minister of Health, Professor Eyitan Lambo, a new population policy of one-man-four-children was introduced. In a national broadcast in the evening of 9 January 2007, President Obasanjo announced that the meeting of National Council of State earlier on that date had adopted the census figures of 140,003,542 presented as the total population of Nigeria by the National Population Commission. He said among other things, "This figure represents a 3.2 annual growth rate. This rate implies that, even with our planned annual economic growth rate of a minimum of 10 per cent, we need to seriously face up to the challenge of moderating our population growth to about 2 per cent to enable us to double the growth of our national economy every eight or nine years. We must also bear in mind that high rates of poverty generally correlates with large households. One way of addressing this critical matter is through more focussed attention on girl-child education and the discouragement of such unprogressive cultural practices as early child marriage." The Idea of overpopulation in Nigeria, and indeed in the whole of Africa, was propagated by the US controlled United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA) in 1994, while, at the same time, another arm of the United Nations, UNAID, also controlled by the United States propagated that Africa's population was being decimated by HIV/AIDS. Although no HIV tests were carried out to ascertain the number of people infected, because it was too expensive, terrifying figures were manufactured to support estimated number of HIV infected people and AIDS deaths in Africa. Under the pretext of combating the spread of HIV and subsequent AIDS' deaths in Nigeria, Literate Zombies are recruited and remunerated by the global economic dictators to become condom evangelists. Since Nigeria's Literate Zombies are too mentally lazy to invoke their God's given right to self enquiries, they cannot discern that a country cannot be decimated by an incurable and deadly disease and at the same time be overpopulated. Although the first Colonial Governor General of Nigeria, Frederick John Dealtry Lugard, was a racist, he did not fail to observe that every matured female in Black Africa was mated. On overpopulation he remarked thus, "The custom, which seems fairly general among the negro tribes, of suckling a child for two or three years, during which a woman lives apart from her husband, tends to decrease population (p.66, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa, By F.J.D. Lugard)." Unlike Europe and United States of America, Africans are born with sexual discipline. Prior to cultural and traditional pollution of Africa by the colonialists, sexual intercourse was restricted within marriage couples and between a man and a woman. During the three years a nursing mother breast-fed her child, the man maintained abstinence. Through Literate Zombies, we are now forced to adopt Euro-American sexual behaviours and perversities. While the tradition in our culture was that sexual intercourse between a man and a woman should be flesh to flesh, we are now being taught through Literate Zombies that a penis enveloped in a condom, which turns a woman into a masturbating machine for a man, is the new trend so as not to be infected with HIV and die of AIDS. However, on the infectivity of HIV, the Nobel Prize Winner in Chemistry, in 1993, Professor Kary Mullis, told us, "Human beings are full of retroviruses, and neither HIV nor any other retrovirus by itself poses any kind of threat. Which is not to say that there is no such thing as AIDS - only that HIV doesn't cause it (p. 154, Positively False, Exposing the Myths Around HIV and AIDS BY Joan Shenton). Kary Mullis received Nobel Price for inventing the gene-amplification technique called Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCP) that made it possible to detect a very tinny and dormant virus like HIV in the blood. That HIV is very difficult to transmit, Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of Berkeley, USA, Peter H. Duesberg wrote, ".. HIV could never survive in evolution from sexual transmission. Based on studies ... conducted by the CDC (USA's Centre for Disease Control) and others, it takes on average 1000 unprotected sexual contacts to transmit HIV. According to Rosenberg and Weiner, HIV infection in non-drug using prostitutes tends to be low or absent, implying that sexual activity alone does not place them at high risk. ...//... Since about 10 to 30 sexual contacts are required to generate a child, but 1000 contacts are required to transmit HIV, HIV could never survive natural selection on the basis of sexual transmission, because the host would outgrow the parasite. ...//... The extremely low efficiency of sexual transmission of HIV also predicts that the safe-sex campaigns by the HIV orthodoxy will be of very limited value. Only those who would benefit are those who have an average of 1000 sexual contacts with HIV positives (p.248, AIDS: Virus or Drug Induced? Edited By Peter H. Duesberg)." Professor Luc Montagnier, the discoverer of Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus (LAV), later renamed HIV by the USA, admitted to the fact that HIV by itself is not harmful and can only be rendered pathogenic by co-factors (p. 241, Inventing the AIDS Virus, by Peter H. Duesberg). At the Cold Spring Harbour meeting of Scientists, Dr Robert Gallo remarked, "Montagnier did not conclude that their virus (LAV) was the cause of AIDS (p. 167, Virus Hunting by Robert C. Gallo)." While Nigeria's Literate Zombies in year 2018 are still running around to preach condom-ized sex so as to prevent the spread of HIV infection, the British Guardian newspaper of Monday, 9 March 1987, reported Britain's Chief Medical Officer, Sir Donald Acheson, as having said of AIDS, "It is not very infectious, you have a one in a hundred chance of catching it from sex with an infected person." Over eight years later, the curate at St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Dungarvan, co. Waterford, Ireland, Father Michael Kennedy, revealed on Sunday, 10 September 1995,that a woman AIDS avenger had confessed to him of deliberately infecting 85 men with HIV. Reacting to the claim, the former Irish AIDS co-ordinator, Dr. James Welsh, in the Wednesday, 13 September 1995, issue of the London Times, categorically rejected the claim of the AIDS' woman avenger. He said, "The woman would have had to have sex with each man 500 times to infect him according to the latest medical research. Some researchers say 1000 times (p.3)." A section of Nigeria's Literate Zombies now deals in importation of condoms into Nigeria which was put at 400 million packets in 2017 under the pretence of safe sex and fighting HIV/AIDS. Another section of the Literate Zombies deals in importing oral and injectable contraceptives on a large scale into Nigeria for the purpose of what the UNFPA beautifully call, Access to Reproductive Health, which in reality means Family Planning or indirect population control.
The above explanations about the infectivity of HIV render useless the advice of the Director General of NACA, Dr Sani Aliyu, to the Nigerian Youths to know their HIV status. The medical
facilities in Nigeria are not capable of carrying out such a large scale test even if it were necessary. Leaving that aside let us look at the statistics presented by Dr. Sani Aliyu to justify his call on the Nigerian Youths to test themselves for HIV. He
stated, "... at least 15 per cent of Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of 15." The expression,
'at least' before the 15% indicates that Dr. Sani is only guessing and that he has no evidence that Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of fifteen. Otherwise he should have stated how many youths before the age fifteen are in Nigeria.
Furthermore, he told Nigerians that 'about 4.2% of persons between the ages of 15 and 24 have HIV. Again we need to know how many Nigerians are between the age bracket, 15 and 24, before Dr. Aliyu's insinuation
about 4.2% can make sense statistically. Dr. Aliyu noted that first sexual contact in Nigeria begins at
less than 15 years for 15 % of Nigeria's youth... Once more, Dr. Aliyu's assertion will make sense if the number of Nigerian youths below the age of 15 are known. Dr. Aliyu followed it up by asserting that
Only 17% of young people know their HIV status without telling his readers how many young people are in Nigeria. Finally, the Director General of NACA, Dr. Sani Aliyu, stated that
new HIV infections are currently highest among young people aged 15-24 years. Again, Dr. Aliyu's statistic is a fraud since he did not tell readers how many young people between the age of 15 and 24 are in Nigeria and which other age group was he comparing
with. As it is in NACA, so are they in all Ministries, Departments and Agencies of Nigeria because they are manned by Literate Zombies whose duties are to serve foreign interest and not Nigeria's interest. A while ago, I objected to the harangue of Philp Emeagwali,
Gabriel Oyibo, Chris Imafidon and Enoch Opeyemi by some debaters on this forum. Their crime, according to debaters, was that they claimed unmerited academic achievements. As for Emeagwali and Oyibo, I drew attention of debaters to the fact that none of the
two was ever employed in the service of any of the MDAs in Nigeria. Consequently, Nigerians have not suffered anything from their alleged false claims. Nigeria has a lot of Ministries, Departments and Agencies created to solve both known and envisaged socio-economic
problems in the country. Nigerians who claimed to have requisite education to solve our country's economic, industrial and infrastructural problems have not only been employed and remunerated to enhance productions but huge financial and material resources
have been placed at their disposals to accomplish the desired goals. Nigerian Engineers, Scientists and Economists in the MDAs collect not only their salaries and fringe benefits but steal monies appropriated for projects in Nigeria. Employed Nigerians at
the MDAs of Nigeria have not been able to demonstrate knowledge attributed to them in their certificates. Claims to knowledge by Nigeria's officials at MDAs are just as false as that of Philip Emeagwali and Gabriel Oyibo with the difference that the latter
are less devastating and harmful to Nigeria than the employees at Nigeria's MDAs.
If one is educated, one must be able to demonstrate in practice what one is educated in, whereas a literate Zombie possesses no practical knowledge to demonstrate except to follow or obey commands.
S. Kadiri
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
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Kayode J. Fakinlede
To Oluwatoyin Adepoju's premise: Sir, the educational system did not originate in Europe and spread around the world.On the conrary, the Europeans harnessed the global educational system from every part of the world and used it to their advantage. Let us not unnecessarily hero-worship the mental capacity of the Europeans.They are just human beings like ourselves. Through their own struggles to make life better for themselves, they have made inventions that are beneficial to the world, like the chinese, Indians, native Americans, Egyptians, Africans, yes Africans before them.
I can understand the frusrations of Mr. Kadiri here. Seeing that Africans are lagging behind the rest of the world in technological development, it is easy to come to a conclusion that something is wrong with our intelligence. Of course this is how the Chinese thought of the Europeans centuries ago. Or even the Romans of the Anglos; or more recently, the Germans of the rest of Europe. We spend too much time castigating ourselves and talking ourselves down. This is pitiable indeed.
Now, while we are at it, I would like for Mr Kadiri to explain the unusual intelligence of the following Africans:
Orunmila, Oduduwa, Sango, Or more recently, Achebe, Soyinka, Ajayi Crowther, Awolowo, Nyerere, Olunloyo, Chike Obi, Adichie, Mandela etc.
The Europeans celebrate their heros, and even manufacture heros like Tarzan to make their coming generations believe that they are superior. We, Africans throw our heroes under the bus or trample upon them.
Even now, there are many Africans all over the world and in many areas of human endeavor,doing fantastic work to elevate the well being of humanity. If we refuse to acknowledge the achievement of these people, we will be forever live in self pity.
Our biggest problem, to me, is Africans castigating the intelligence of other Africans. We, particulary the educated ones, have completely shut ourselves out of educating ourselves about the ahievement of Africans. And this is terrible.
As an anecdote, I realised I was a complete illeterate the day I picked up a text detailing the medicinal uses of many African herbs and roots as practised by our forefathers. And this was after I had had advanced degrees in the medicinal chemistry. I knew there and then that I had been had. I simply did not know anything about myself. I have since then been struggling to trace my way back to me - and it is a difficult task. At least, I knew I lost the way.
Samuel Zalanga
Assensoh, Akwasi B.
Dear Brothers Samuel and Salimonu:
I enjoyed both of your postings (and others), but your detailed discussions reminded me of what Baba Ijebu, my legendary Yoruba mentor, used to tell me in the late 1960s (the good old days, when palm oil from Okipupa, Western Nigeria, cost on 2 shillings a gallon; and a dozen of chickenn eggs cost 6 pence, etc.) when we discussed Nigerian and Ghanaian problems (very much similar to the
problems faced by identical twins). Apart from Professor Chinua Achebe's brilliant conclusion that leadership deficiency was part of Nigeria's (and, indeed Africa's) major problems, Baba Ijebu also thought that "book long" was part of the crucial problems. He then cited too many degrees, adding that when all of us went to school in the colonial educational systems, anything (i.e. graded assignments or exams) with "D" and "F" denoted poor or failing work. He added, "Today in Nigeria, we have too many people with qualifications ending or beginning with 'D': DDS, MD, DMD, DD, E.DD, Ph. D. Why won't our country, with so many book men and women, have these many problems?"
Part of my posting is for comic relief, but Baba Ijebu had a real point when it comes to the thorny problems facing Nigeria and her twin brother, Ghana! Do you remember that Nigeria had a coup in January of 1966, and Ghana followed with her first coup in February 1966 ? There you have it; with apologies to VC Aluko!
A.B. Assensoh.
Sent: Tuesday, February 27, 2018 8:14 AM
To: USAAfricaDialogue
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
| Kayode J. Fakinlede |
Was there any culture that penetrated practically the entire globe before the spread of Western culture since about the 18th century?
Samuel Zalanga
Cornelius Hamelberg
Re - “ the educational system did not originate in Europe and spread around the world. On the contrary, the Europeans harnessed the global educational system from every part of the world and used it to their advantage “ - ( Kayode J. Fakinlede )
|
and
Toyin's response ( I guess that John Edward Phillips could add more
flesh to the bones) |
As
I heard on Sunday, ( perhaps a little too vague) African systems of
knowledge such as (Ubuntu)
saw the heart as the centre of human endeavour but arriving in
Europe, Renaissance Europe took it to another level : the heart
centre was replaced by the brain (head)
For Toyin Adepoju, a brief aside ) : Many years ago (late 1970s) there was a controversy between my own teacher Baba Muktananda and his disciple Bubba Free John who later on became Adi Da
In his spiritual autobiography ChitShakti Vilas (/ The Play of consciousness ) Baba Muktanada says that his journey terminated at the Sahasrara Chakra ( somewhere above the head ) whereas according to Bubba , after arriving at the Sahasrara the kundalini curved down again and took its final resting place at the Anahata Chakra ( the heart chakra, somewhere near the middle of the chest) Bubba also made some claims about the goddess – which I dare not repeat here, or anywhere..
I was a bit confused by Bubba's claim because for some people , at the very start of the journey in this life, the Anahata Charka is already open – Allen Ginsberg for example says he was told ( I don't remember by who) that his Anahata Chakra was “already open “
It's funny you, some people see a little light , or even much light -a universe of light and think that they have arrived at “enlightenment”. I know for a fact that my kundalini was violently awakened / stationed at the Muladhara Chakra in July 1977 at the Gurudev Siddha Peeth, Ganeshpuri in India ( according to all the classic signs, the perfume etc. and by midnight I had packed all my belongings and was going to make my way to see the goddess at the Vajreshwari Temple a couple of miles away and even the Ashram guards with their talk of tigers roaming up there in the hills could not dissuade me - so they had to use physical force to restrain me, and by morning the pangs of separation had subsided ( smile)
One has to distinguish between states and stations ( when a state becomes more permanent , it is a station
To be qualified as a Sufi Master, the Sufi adept makes SEVEN journeys....
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Cornelius Hamelberg
Intellectuals ( the cerebral book people, including the literate, semi-literate and illiterate zombies) usually talk about ”the mind”
For Sufis, the heart is the seat of the intellect
the heart is the seat of the intellect
I'm done with this since student Cornelius Ignoramus knows next to nothing about any of "it".
..
ジョン フィリップス
Was there any culture that penetrated practically the entire globe before the spread of Western culture since about the 18th century?
Is there any other educational system that has significant influence in all continents?
Is it possible to study various disciplines recognized as encapsulating a good part of humanity's systematic knowledge and ignore Western thought?
Students at the philosophy department of SOAS, University of London, are calling for the radical downsizing of Western philosophers from the philosophy curriculum of a school centred on the study of Africa and Asia
On Mar 2, 2018, at 06:02, Cornelius Hamelberg <cornelius...@gmail.com> wrote:
Re - “ the educational system did not originate in Europe and spread around the world. On the contrary, the Europeans harnessed the global educational system from every part of the world and used it to their advantage “ - ( Kayode J. Fakinlede )
and Toyin's response ( I guess that John Edward Phillips could add more flesh to the bones)
As I heard on Sunday, ( perhaps a little too vague) African systems of knowledge such as (Ubuntu) saw the heart as the centre of human endeavour but arriving in Europe, Renaissance Europe took it to another level : the heart centre was replaced by the brain (head)
For Toyin Adepoju, a brief aside ) : Many years ago (late 1970s) there was a controversy between my own teacher Baba Muktananda and his disciple Bubba Free John who later on became Adi Da
In his spiritual autobiography ChitShakti Vilas (/ The Play of consciousness ) Baba Muktanada says that his journey terminated at the Sahasrara Chakra ( somewhere above the head ) whereas according to Bubba , after arriving at the Sahasrara the kundalini curved down again and took its final resting place at the Anahata Chakra ( the heart chakra, somewhere near the middle of the chest) Bubba also made some claims about the goddess – which I dare not repeat here, or anywhere..
I was a bit confused by Bubba's claim because for some people , at the very start of the journey in this life, the Anahata Charka is already open – Allen Ginsberg for example says he was told ( I don't remember by who) that his Anahata Chakra was “already open “
It's funny you, some people see a little light , or even much light -a universe of light and think that they have arrived at “enlightenment”. I know for a fact that my kundalini was violently awakened / stationed at the Muladhara Chakra in July 1977 at the Gurudev Siddha Peeth, Ganeshpuri in India ( according to all the classic signs, the perfume etc. and by midnight I had packed all my belongings and was going to make my way to see the goddess at the Vajreshwari Temple a couple of miles away and even the Ashram guards with their talk of tigers roaming up there in the hills could not dissuade me - so they had to use physical force to restrain me, and by morning the pangs of separation had subsided ( smile)
One has to distinguish between states and stations ( when a state becomes more permanent , it is a station
To be qualified as a Sufi Master, the Sufi adept makes SEVEN journeys....
On Thursday, 1 March 2018 14:07:34 UTC+1, Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju wrote:' the educational system did not originate in Europe and spread around the world.On the contrary, the Europeans harnessed the global educational system from every part of the world and used it to their advantage '
Kayode J. Fakinlede
Was there any culture that penetrated practically the entire globe before the spread of Western culture since about the 18th century?
Western scholarship took on board ideas and practices from other parts of the world, built on this synthesis and globalized it.
Is there any other educational system that has significant influence in all continents?
Is it possible to study various disciplines recognized as encapsulating a good part of humanity's systematic knowledge and ignore Western thought?
Students at the philosophy department of SOAS, University of London, are calling for the radical downsizing of Western philosophers from the philosophy curriculum of a school centred on the study of Africa and Asia, demanding they be taught only when absolutely necessary, but is it realistically possible to study philosophy under that name without examining the implication of the term 'philosophy', from 'philo-sophia' a Greek term conflating the emotive, the rational and the mythic, three strands of the emergence of philosophical thinking in Greece- this is different from the argument that the Greek were the first to philosophize in the world- from the narrative, mythic philosophizing of Parmenides to the dialogical and mythic philosophizing of Plato and beyond?
The Arab philosopher and doctor Ibn Sina,is foundational in the history of medicine as Al' Khwarazimi is in algebra, but what is the percentage of Western mathematicians to mathematicians from other cultural contexts in creating modern mathematics?
toyin
International Society, College of Humanities, Hirosaki University
"Homo sum; humani nihil a me alienum puto." -Terentius Afer
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
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Kenneth Harrow
Many years ago I taught western humanities, and one of the books on the middle ages was Lynn White’s Medieval Technology and Social Change. It explained how the advent of various technologies had an impact on vast social and economic changes in medieval Europe. Such things as the stirrup, the heavy plow, gunpowder etc.
The impact of these elements transformed society. They spread from their points of origin, some from as far as china, across the paths of asia and Europe, and no doubt from north Africa down into sub-Saharan Africa.
The question then of the transmission of an education system is slightly off kilter. It isn’t so much force or intention, but imitation and learning, movements of people, technological worth, that cause technologies, knowledge of all kinds, to spread.
Not whole systems of education, but pieces of knowledge, transported with the movements of travellers, traders, military, etc.
An example is learning to work iron and copper, to mine, to melt, to shape, etc. at times, the knowledge was lost, or attempts were made to keep it secret. They always failed. Consider n korea and iran and nuclear weapons.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
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Date: Friday 2 March 2018 at 06:22
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Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
"and no doubt from north Africa down into sub-Saharan Africa. "
........ and the flow of technologies and ideas was also from West, Southern and Central Africa up unto the north and northeast Africa. The earliest evidence of chemistry, cosmetics, jewelry, mathematics and boats come from the so-called sub-Saharan Africa.
This is not to underestimate the marvelous inventions and technologies of Africans in northeast Africa but the archeological evidence points to some very early developments in some sectors, in these regions.
Let us acknowledge them.
In the case of pottery it turns out that the Malian and Nubian ceramic pots predate those from anywhere else in the continent.
Sent: Friday, March 2, 2018 8:55 AM
To: usaafricadialogue
Kenneth Harrow
You’re right Gloria. I don’t know all that early history stuff, just a bit here and there. iron in nok is enormously important. Am I not right in thinking knowledge of ironworking fell away, lapsed, and then returned after nok, with copper, bronze? I don’t know about metallurgy elsewhere, or other techniques like lost wax, not to mention agriculture.
And this leaves out other forms of social changes, like those coming when settled fisher communities were formed, and other larger social communities than hunter gatherers. The list goes on, and someone well versed in the deep history would have tons to say about what began where, how it moved, who absorbed it. And what mattered.
To me, this is the “educational system” that has to be taken into account, and not the recent history from the colonial period.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Friday 2 March 2018 at 17:55
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
........ and the flow of technologies and ideas was also from West, Southern and Central Africa up unto the north and northeast Africa. The earliest evidence of chemistry, cosmetics, jewelry, mathematics and boats come from the so-called sub-Saharan Africa.
This is not to underestimate the marvelous inventions and technologies of Africans in northeast Africa but the archeological evidence points to some very early developments in some sectors, in these regions.
Let us acknowledge them.
In the case of pottery it turns out that the Malian and Nubian ceramic pots predate those from anywhere else in the continent.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
Samuel Zalanga
Many years ago I taught western humanities, and one of the books on the middle ages was Lynn White’s Medieval Technology and Social Change. It explained how the advent of various technologies had an impact on vast social and economic changes in medieval Europe. Such things as the stirrup, the heavy plow, gunpowder etc.
The impact of these elements transformed society. They spread from their points of origin, some from as far as china, across the paths of asia and Europe, and no doubt from north Africa down into sub-Saharan Africa.
The question then of the transmission of an education system is slightly off kilter. It isn’t so much force or intention, but imitation and learning, movements of people, technological worth, that cause technologies, knowledge of all kinds, to spread.
Not whole systems of education, but pieces of knowledge, transported with the movements of travellers, traders, military, etc.
An example is learning to work iron and copper, to mine, to melt, to shape, etc. at times, the knowledge was lost, or attempts were made to keep it secret. They always failed. Consider n korea and iran and nuclear weapons.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
| Kayode J. Fakinlede |
I fully agree with Fakinlede.
Nubian-Egyptian culture from ancient northeast Africa was such a dominant factor in the education of the Greeks and Romans. This becomes an avenue for the global penetration of their ideas.
I fuse Nubia and Egypt for specific reasons. The Nubians influenced Egypt and vice versa.In fact hieroglyphics itself was of Nubian origin according to scholar/travelers like Diodorus Siculus and even the archeological record. There are also many examples of Nubian artifacts and techniques being classified as Egyptian.
Developments in the sciences, including medicine, would be borrowed by the Greeks from this region and so, too, aspects of mathematics and astronomy. You only have to read Herodotus, Aristotle and others to see this point. The Greeks were not shy in acknowledging their debt to the scholars of the region. The point is that much of Greek knowledge, though not all, was of northeast African origin and this spread around the world through multiple avenues.By the way Alexander was actually a destroyer of knowledge. Recall that he burnt the Egyptian libraries.
I would also consider ancient Iraq (Mesopotamia) as a significant area with global influence with respect to astronomy and maths.
Around 600 BC, before the emergence of Greek philosophers and scientists such as Thales and others, Indian scientists such as Kanada, Susruta and others were active. I believe they influenced the Greeks too. Alexander got into the picture around 300 BC.
Once you do a careful timeline, things fall into place.
You have the real father of medicine, Imhotep emerging around 2700 BC. Hippocrates emerges more than two thousand years later but helps to
spread Imhotep's ideas about medicine- including his stethoscope, medical devices and medical code of behavior to Europe.
Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso
Prof Emeagwali
Not to mention the over one thousand pyramids still standing in today’s Sudan as further evidence!
Samuel Zalanga
Kenneth Harrow
I heard that book in books on tape, a great way to indulge in it. What struck me very much was how certain cultures developed aggressive, warlike practices vis a vis their neighbors, and others were the total opposite. Responses to different conditions that fostered more or less violent approaches to survival
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Samuel Zalanga <szal...@gmail.com>
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Date: Friday 2 March 2018 at 18:15
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Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Kenneth Harrow
This seems too partial to me. Admitting Egyptian or Nubian influences as starting points, or Mesopotamian as starting points, denies that those civilizations were also influenced by others. What the greeks did was considerably more than simply transmit what they received from others. By the end of the classical period greek philosophy was preserved and then transmitted by arab scholars, who themselves carried it through spain to western Europe—over a very long period of time. None of this was simply accomplished without new scholars absorbing the knowledge, rewriting, rethinking, recasting, reterritorializing it. I believe all knowledge works that way, then and now, across all of human history, in all disciplines.
More or less.
I also think it works like language. If you say that we speak a Germanic or romance or semitic or indo-european or afro-asiatic tongue, it is not the same tongue as that spoken a thousand, much less two thousand, years ago. The language is absorbed by its speakers, transmuted over time and distance, and becomes gradually different. How is music or the arts or sciences any different?
I understand the desire to claim a point of origin, but that originary thinking always precludes the possibility that something came before…for everything that is human.
I don’t mean to say knowledge isn’t also lost. Knowledge of concrete, mastered by the romans, was forgotten, lost for a thousand years. But other things changed and developed in amazing ways, at the same time, like music.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Friday 2 March 2018 at 18:39
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Kenneth Harrow
My recollection of greek history is that it wasn’t quite as Samuel described it. That is, slaves’ status was much more complicated, and less oppressive than one might think. They were able to engage in commerce, and could acquire wealth. Citizens were socially discouraged from acquiring wealth, participated in the political and military obligations of the polis, and left the manual work to the slaves. It was strangely different from our capitalist economy. The same was true in Sparta where slaves and foreigners were allowed to engage in commercial activities, not Spartan citizens. In addition, war captives were put to work in the mines, which was supposed to be terrible, where life expectancy was short.
This is from my teaching this stuff 50 years ago, so it isn’t current scholarship, but it does demonstrate that current notions of citizen and slave have nothing to do with earlier, different civilizations.
Finally, what was elite in 5th c Greece changed enormously by the time we get to Hellenic and then roman civilizations.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Samuel Zalanga <szal...@gmail.com>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Friday 2 March 2018 at 21:08
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
In Ancient Athens, there were many other priorities from the perspective of the poor, slaves, and ordinary people than building the Parthenon, just as in Egypt or Sudan, the pyramids were more a way of immortalizing the elites than a major existential priority or concern of the masses.
This does not take away the fact that the buildings were impressive structures but if we allow that to go quietly, it may mean an endorsement of an approach to development that is more elite or oppressor-driven, than an expression of genuine concern to address the needs of the people at the bottom of the pyramid, the "wretched of the earth," or those treated as "disposable and expendable."
Even as we celebrate precolonial Africa, we have to remember those on the "other side."
Samuel
Samuel Zalanga, Ph.D.
Bethel University
Department of Anthropology, Sociology and Reconciliation Studies,
Bethel University, 3900 Bethel Drive, #24, Saint Paul, MN 55112.
Office Phone: 651-638-6023
On Fri, Mar 2, 2018 at 7:23 PM, Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso <jum...@gmail.com> wrote:
“...” I fuse Nubia and Egypt for specific reasons. The Nubians influenced Egypt and vice versa.In fact hieroglyphics itself was of Nubian origin according to scholar/travelers like Diodorus Siculus and even the archeological record. There are also many examples of Nubian artifacts and techniques being classified as Egyptian.
Prof Emeagwali
Not to mention the over one thousand pyramids still standing in today’s Sudan as further evidence!
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
We can celebrate the pyramids for their engineering expertise, and the fact that the construction process generated major developments in mathematics, physics and astronomy. Mathematical tables were composed to simplify the construction and new geometrical and mathematical truths as well as tools were created in the process. Mechanics would be taken to a new level.Some scholars believe that the pyramids were constructed in alignment with certain constellations, and some argue that they may have even served as observatories.
The structures also continue to invite useful questions, for the intellectually curious, about the methods used for the transportation and manipulation of raw material, quarrying etc. .
The construction of latrines and showers, houses for workers, obelisks and stelae, temples and dams, irrigation channels and sphinxes as well as boat design and navigability - are among the various issues that concern the historian of indigenous science and technology . The era of pyramid construction in the Egyptian case is between 2600 BC and 1500 BC, approximately, so this is the work of a lifetime.
In the case of Nubia, pyramid construction became relatively democratized and not exclusively confined to the ruling elite. This probably explains the proliferation of pyramids in Nubia to They found some new ones in 2013. This phenomenon, too, also has to be examined by scholars, along with construction techniques and the overall modus operandi and context.
Labor history is a legitimate aspect of historical research and so, too, the history of science, technology and indigenous knowledges.They do intersect as well, and a judicious, mature application of the historian's skills and expertise should obviously come into play, in each case.
GE
Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
Good point but the Egyptians built their first pyramid around 2600BC and Rome emerged as a city state around 753 BC.
Can we say that the Romans influenced the Egyptians in their construction of the pyramids - when pyramid construction ceased around 1500 BC?
The Ionian Greeks were the first group of intellectuals that we know and they are a bit later than the Romans. The Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Hippocrates and Socrates emerge around 400BC. Can we say that they influenced people like Imhotep who were long dead and buried over two thousand years before? For example, Plato was born around 427 BC.
In the case of Mesopotamia, Persia and even China you have more contemporaneous interaction and there are areas of diffusion and borrowing using the model that you suggest, but some cases are clear cut.
Cornelius Hamelberg
A .T Von Bradshaw our English Master in the 4th form ( circa 1962) was fascinated by China, said that the future belongs to China , often started a lesson with a Chinese proverb on the ( then) blackboard : ”The house of learning is one house” - much later my friend Mikhail Tunkel had other fascinating things to say about China, such as the sixth sense ( tactile) which he claimed is specially Chinese, the sense of touch, that a Chinese bank teller can count notes faster than a machine – and then there's the piano fingers too, and that we ain't seen nothing yet . Today, everybody is talking about China.
There's the popular thesis about China's contributions to the Renaissance , that the Renaissance came from China . More recently, Gavin Menzies' fascinating account :1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance
For future historians : China is now leaving indelible footprints in Africa where it all began...
Cornelius Hamelberg
Correction: As far back as the early 60s of the last century Major A Von S Bradshaw ( an Englishman , used to ride his bicycle to school) used to say that the future belongs to China
Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
In the case of Egyptian pyramid construction, there is also the view that religious doctrine and brainwashing played an important part in getting the work done. The promise of elevated status in the afterlife was a driver in some periods. In others, compensation in kind was the carrot used. Hawass has identified bundles of documents showing payment to workers.
Khufu is accused of excessive labor exploitation in constructing the pyramid of Giza and we know that the Egyptians went over board in retaliating against the West Asian Hyksos who had invaded them. There may be links between the Biblical exodus narrative and this episode of Egyptian retaliation.
By the way, let me make a correction on an earlier posting. Susruta and Kanada were around about the same time as the Ionian Greeks such as Thales ie around 600BC. Most Greek examples and influences were Egyptian.
You only have to read their writings to see these copious references.
To: usaafricadialogue
Kenneth Harrow
Hi Gloria
What is your area of specialization? You seem to be expert in antiquity. I wonder if the builders of sacred buildings were accorded special status, that it wasn’t oppressed slaves but highly regarded craftsmen? I wonder if it was also the case with European medieval cathedrals.
Words like slave don’t really do just to the proper status of workers in the past that must have depended on the kinds of labor they performed. For example, mine workers or field workers vs soldiers.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Saturday 3 March 2018 at 12:06
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
In the case of Egyptian pyramid construction, there is also the view that religious doctrine and brainwashing played an important part in getting the work done. The promise of elevated status in the afterlife was a driver in some periods. In others, compensation in kind was the carrot used. Hawass has identified bundles of documents showing payment to workers.
Khufu is accused of excessive labor exploitation in constructing the pyramid of Giza and we know that the Egyptians went over board in retaliating against the West Asian Hyksos who had invaded them. There may be links between the Biblical exodus narrative and this episode of Egyptian retaliation.
By the way, let me make a correction on an earlier posting. Susruta and Kanada were around about the same time as the Ionian Greeks such as Thales ie around 600BC. Most Greek examples and influences were Egyptian. You only have to read their writings to see these copious references.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
Salimonu Kadiri
What is the definition of intelligence, asked Samuel Zalanga? Any attempt to define intelligence will be equal to trying to define wisdom and as the Yoruba adage says, OGBÓN ODÚN YI WÈRÈ ÈMI, meaning: this year's wisdom is next year's lunacy. Intelligence is recognised in relation to action or behaviour in solving or approaching any current problem confronting people or the society as whole. What Nigerians may consider as intelligent statement may be considered as unintelligent by the Americans or Europeans. An example is when iron ore was discovered at Ajaokuta in 1961, the Nigerian Prime Minister at that time, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, desired that Nigeria should use the iron ore to develop iron and steel industry in the country. The Americans counselled him that since there was surplus of steel in the world market, Nigeria should not utilise its iron ore to produce steel, rather it would be economically wise to export the iron ore raw. Balewa shrewdly asked his American advisers what the importers of Nigeria's iron ore were going to do with it when there was surplus of steel in the world market? The American advisers evaded Balewa's enquiry and told him, instead, that it would be cheaper for Nigeria to buy steel from the surplus world market than erecting iron and steel industry in Nigeria. Balewa thanked the American advisers and told them that the iron and steel industry would create more than half a million jobs for Nigeria and in addition encourage Nigerians in creative technologies like machine productions etc. To Nigerians Abubakar Tafawa Balewa was intelligent in his decision not to export jobs from Nigeria by importing Steel in exchange for iron ore export. Although the iron and steel industry is still a dream today, we can only blame well-remunerated western educated Nigerians who are employed there but have failed to perform.
Elsewhere, Kayode J. Fakinlede counselled in his post of Tuesday, 27 February 2018 thus, "Let us not unnecessarily hero-worship the mental capacity of the Europeans. They are just human beings like ourselves. Through their own struggles to make life better for themselves, they have made inventions that are beneficial to the world..." No one is hero-worshiping the mental capacity of Europeans but I think the time has come when we as a people should halt to reflect on where we are, how we got to where we are and where are we going next. It is of concern to me that nearly all African countries are engaged in wars being waged with weapons from Europe and the US. Whenever their cargo ships anchore in our seaports, they off-load weapons, bleaching creams, oral and injectable contraceptives, synthetic hairs and many at times toxic wastes from their industries. While departing African seaports, they load their ships with agricultural and mineral resources especially to the natural resources poor European countries to feed their industries. We, the natural resources rich countries are undeveloped and poor. If we are human beings like them why could they capture us as slaves and cart us to America and the Caribbean Islands to toil in the plantations for them? And if we are the same human beings like them why are we now indirectly enslaved through the control of natural resources in our territories? I agree that they make life better for themselves, but at our expense. The crumps which they throw at the African facilitators of our exploitation are erroneously referred to as benefit to us, Africans, whereas those crumps are nothing but lubricants intended to neutralize frictions in the machinery of self-administered slavery that we call independence.
I can understand the frustrations of Mr. Kadiri here. Seeing that Africans are lagging behind the rest of the world in technological development, it is easy to come to a conclusion that something is wrong with our intelligence. ...//... We spend too much time castigating ourselves and talking ourselves down This is pitiable indeed - Kayode J. Fakinlede.
I am not frustrated but angry to observe that whenever the chains tied around our necks and ankles by the global economic dictators were slightly loosen, it had been through the efforts of American-Europeans with good conscience, while we, the victim, remain not only passive onlookers to our own exploitations and humiliations but we aid and abet our economic exploiters. Our relation with the white world is that of the horse and its rider and if we are the same human being like them, why should they be riding us all the time or why could we not ride them too in the name of equilibrium and reciprocity? Talking about our unintelligent behaviours that have made us prone to other peoples exploitations and dehumanisation is not to castigate and talk ourselves down. Who are working in the cocoa plantations and who are eating chocolate cakes and drinking chocolate beverages? Who are working in the coffee plantations and who are drinking coffee? Who are digging gold and diamonds from both earth surface and deep wells and who are wearing jewel ornaments? Who are exporting crude oil and who are sleeping at the petrol station to buy fuel?
Even now, there are many Africans all over the world and in many areas of human endeavour doing fantastic work to elevate the well being of humanity - Kayode Fakinlede.
I have heard religious people preach, love your neighbours as yourself, and not, love your neighbours more than yourself. Thus, Africans must first work in all areas of human endeavours in Africa to uplift the wellbeing of Africans before extending such work to the rest of humanity. Africans cannot be fantastic house builders all over the world to provide decent accommodations for humanity while at the same time Africans are dwelling in squalors unless those fantastic African house builders are labourers in the world.
Our biggest problem, to me, is Africans castigating the intelligence of other Africans. We, particularly the educated ones, have completely shut ourselves out of educating ourselves about the achievement of Africans - Kayode J. Fakinlede.
ÒGÚN the muse of creativity, deity of metallurgy and patron of blacksmith was born at a hilltop in Ile Ife. The name of his mother was Tabutu and his father's name was Òróna. Ògún left Ile Ife to settle in the present day Ìrè Èkìtì where he was the first to mine iron ore and working it into metal from which he invented cutlasses, hoes and subsequently axes. His inventions revolutionized agriculture at that time not only in Ìrè Èkìtì but the entire Yoruba land. That was why he became a deity, worshiped in all kinds of manners throughout Yorubaland. Ògun was an intelligent person of his era. However, the foundation of Ògún's iron and steel knowledge was destroyed by the British colonialists that turned Nigeria into importer of cutlasses and axes from Britain in the 1950s. Long after the demise of Ògún, the Yoruba had been manufacturing guns, similar to those used during the 1st world war, from his metal technology. Had our technological developments not been destroyed by the colonialists, Nigeria would not have had any problem with building iron and steel industry, planned since 1961, at Ajaokuta. I do not believe that the existence of Ajaokuta Steel Industry only in name, since 1961, constitutes any achievement and, as such, stating the incapability and failure of the supposedly qualified Nigerian academics employed and paid to produce steel at Ajaokuta, cannot reasonably constitute castigation of their intelligence.
In all fields of human endeavours to make life easier, our people were making progress before the slave raids interrupted our developments in Africa. In his Trade and Politics in the Niger Delta, 1830-1885, Professor Kenneth Onwuka Dike, referred to the 1888 observation of Consul H.H. Johnston thus, "A native salt of old standing continues. The salt is made extensively by Jakrymen (actually Itsekiri men) from the leaves of a willow-like tree not unlike the mangrove; which are burnt; the ashes are soaked and washed, then evaporated; the residue represents native salt, which is now being preferred for many uses to introduced salt (p.22)." It is noteworthy that Consul Johnston described the salt produced by our Intelligent Itsekiri people as native salt but the one that the British colonialist wanted to introduce to the people of Niger Delta was not described as native English salt but only as salt. Itsekiri people who were verse in the production of salt were murdered by the colonialists in order to make our people dependable on British supply of salt. The destillation and production of Gin in Nigeria, called Ògógóró in Yoruba and Kain-Kain in Ijaw languages, was outlawed by the British colonialists who branded it illicit gin. A country that had reached the age of bronze, as archaeological antiquities in Benin and Ife had confirmed, could not have lacked intelligent people. High intelligence was required to identify different types of metals fused together to create an alloy called bronze. Our great ancestors did not only discover copper, zink, tin and aluminium in nature, but knew what to do with them. Nigeria's literate zombies have been sitting and gazing at the huge iron ore deposits at Ajaokuta for the past 57 years without knowing what to do with it. Nigeria's literate zombies are waiting for foreign partners who are just human beings like them and who are academically less educated to them to come and erect an iron and steel industry for them to manage. Nigeria's MDAs contain shameless literate zombies lacking self-esteems, dignity and possessing heart of venoms and conscience of hyenas. They have, inexcusably continued to fail the nation and advertise themselves as the black man's show of crass incompetence and mental inferiority. To Nigeria's literate zombies, education amounts to nothing but ego-boosting chauvinism. Funds are earmarked for projects but Nigerians never eye-see any project because English speaking Nigeria's literate zombies always steal funds appropriated for projects and keep them in the countries of global economic dictators.
Despite the fact that billions of dollars have been spent on Turn Around Maintenance (TAM) of the Nigerian Crude Oil Refineries since 1999 till date, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Chief Operating Officer Upstream, Dr. Rabiu Bello, on Thursday, 1st March 2018, admitted that the Nigerian refineries are not performing optimally. He said, "We want to operate optimally but with efficient partnerships. It is a thing of shame that Nigeria, as the largest producer of crude (oil) in Africa and the 13th largest in the World, is the largest importer of petrol and the only OPEC country that imports refined products (crude oil)." https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/03/fg-admits-refineries-not-performing-optimally/
What is Dr. Rabiu Bello operating at NNPC when the refineries are actually in coma?
If we take into consideration the natural resources at the disposal of Nigeria, a climate devoid of natural disasters like earth quakes and typhoons, and coupled with high index manpower as evidenced by the academic qualifications of Nigerians employed in Nigeria's MDAs, Nigeria should be developed economically and industrially more than France, Benelux, Netherland, Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal and Britain because these countries of Europe are natural resources extremely poor. That Nigeria is economically and industrially underdeveloped depends on the mental inferiority of Nigeria's literate zombies and instead of measuring their intelligence quotients, IQ, it will be more appropriate to measure their stupidity quotients, SQ.
S. Kadiri
Skickat: den 27 februari 2018 14:14
Till: USAAfricaDialogue
Ämne: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
'Intelligence, as distinguished from brilliance, is creative. Brilliance is more of an ability to reproduce what intelligence has created. For instance, someone came up with the law of gravity. That is intelligence at work. Someone else studies the law of gravity, takes an exam in it and scores 100 per cent, that is brilliance. One cannot be intelligent without being brilliant but one can be brilliant without being intelligent.'
Salimonu Kadiri
The central terms in this passage, intelligence and brilliance, could have been better chosen to avoid the confusion they are likely to generate from the way they are used here.
The central distinction in the passage is between creativity and other forms of relating with knowledge. I am excited by this summation because, ever since I began to think for myself on completing my secondary school education at 16, independent reflection stimulated by breadth of reading in my family's eclectic library and cogitations inspired by what I read, I have had an uneasy and often painful relationship with the globally dominant educational system, originating in Europe and spreading round the world, and have hated the idea of exams although I have excelled in them when I have been able to adequately compose myself to prepare for them.
I find a significant number of Salimonu's postulations problematic though important for analysis but I feel liberated by the one I have quoted, without having to agree with the claim that it differentiates Africans from non-Africans, as Salimonu argues.
toyin
On 24 February 2018 at 17:12, Salimonu Kadiri <ogunl...@hotmail.com> wrote:
Some decades ago, Fela sang a song titled, Zombie. Every Nigerian believed that the song, Zombie, portrayed the Nigerian Armed Forces as composing mentally degenerated people who are incapable of discerning what is good from what is bad since they could only act on command. The Commander would order : March forward; Open your mouth; Turn to the right; Turn to the left; Fall in, Fall out; Halt!; Stand at ease; Shoot and kill and the Armed men would obey any orders from the Commander just like senseless people. To be fair, 'Zombies' in Nigeria are not limited alone to the Armed Forces because all Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) throughout the Federation of Nigeria are peopled by 'Literate Zombies' whom, in my previous postings, were wrongly referred to as Western Educated. Being educated, whether in the Western, Eastern, Northern or Southern part of the world, should imply that one has successfully gone through an act or a process of acquiring knowledge in a specific field or profession. As an example, a Western Educated Nigerian Electrical Engineer must, at least, have acquired scientific and technical knowledge of generating and distributing electricity. When a Nigerian is employed, paid, and equipped financially and materially, to apply his/her acquired scientific and technical knowledge of generating electricity for Nigerians, but he/she fails, the purported Western Education in Electrical Engineering must either be a fake or his/her educator(s) must have deliberately trained him/her to be a Literate Zombie, which means he/she cannot act as an electrical engineer without supervision of, and orders from, his/her educator. The economic and industrial underdevelopment of Nigeria, despite the availability of enormous natural resources and good climate are caused mainly by the 'Literate Zombies' in the MDAs of Nigeria. Literate Zombies are fluent in spoken and written English Language. However, when it comes to practical application of knowledge, they are just like mechanical toys in their fields of specialization and must be winded repeatedly to perform pre-programmed functions. The winders of the Nigeria's mechanical toys are the foreign interests. What causes Nigerians to be 'Literate Zombies'?
In London Sunday Times of 14 October 2007, Dr. James D. Watson, who shared the Nobel Price with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins in 1962 for the discovery of the structure of DNA, said of the Black people in general thus, "I am inherently gloomy about the prospect of Africa because all our social policies are based on the fact that their intelligence is the same as ours, whereas all the testing says not really." He concluded, "There was no reason to believe different races separated by geography should have evolved identically hoping that everybody was equal, people who have to deal with black employees find this is not true." In a nutshell, what Dr. James D. Watson was saying is that the Blacks are not equal to the Whites because Blacks are inferior intelligently to the Whites. Intelligence, as distinguished from brilliance, is creative. Brilliance is more of an ability to reproduce what intelligence has created. For instance, someone came up with the law of gravity. That is intelligence at work. Someone else studies the law of gravity, takes an exam in it and scores 100 per cent, that is brilliance. One cannot be intelligent without being brilliant but one can be brilliant without being intelligent. Thus, if we juxtapose Dr. Watson's opinion on the political and economic development of Africa as administered by the Literate Zombies, it becomes very obvious that Africans have, in all practical terms, demonstrated that we possess very low IQ. IQ tests are intended to determine the speed of thought, soundness of reasoning and sense of organisation. It is a very good test of mental capability and creative ability. In order to test the validity of Dr. James D. Watson's assertion about the superiority of the Whites to the Blacks, what one needs to do is to take a look at Nigeria, where the evidence of retarded intelligence or Zombie-like behaviour is astonishingly very glaring. Let's take a look at the Nigerian Minister of Power who is a professor of electricity. He travelled officially to London or New York to buy transformers and generating plants for the purpose of generating and distributing electricity in Nigeria. Before his departure, the honourable Minister had registered a brief-case Company in his name and opened several bank accounts in which he is the sole signatory. In collusion with the Permanent Secretary and some Directors of the Ministry of Power, the Minister awarded to himself the contract to supply Transformers and Generating plants and received, in advance, full payment for the contract into his bank accounts. On getting to London or New York, he saw a very beautiful environment and a system that works. Water flowed, electric lights were constant, roads were smooth, streets were clean, drainages were covered, public transport was excellent and technology worked for everybody. The Minister looked around and exclaimed, "Wow, what a beautiful place!" One would expect him to add, "I will go back to Nigeria with these transformers and generating plants to create constant electricity supplies in Nigeria." Instead, the Nigerian Minister of Power turned to his White host to say and ask, "I want to buy mansions here and I am going to pay cash down; can you help me?" That is the limit of the IQ of all our Literate Zombies in Nigeria. They are all, as Yoruba people will call them, KÓLÁJÁDE and not KÓLÁWO'LÉ meaning take wealth outside and not, bring wealth inside home. Of course, White Londoner or New Yorker, as usual, would cooperate with Nigeria's Minister of Power to help him buy mansions there with the stolen money from the Ministry of Power resulting in epileptic power supply or permanent darkness for Nigerians. How were Literate Zombies created in Nigeria?
In a letter written to Pope Henessy by Edmund Blyden in 1871, he warned that the subjection of Africans to 'unmodified European training' would produce slaveries far more subversive of the real welfare of the race than the ancient physical fetters through which the Blacks were carted and ferried away to the Americas and West Indies like cattle. It is noteworthy that Edmund Blyden did not say 'unmodified European Education' but 'unmodified European Training.' For the mere fact that Chimpanzees are trained to use knives and focks to eat does not imply that they are educated. However, the warning of Edmund Blyden was not heeded because the intention of the colonialists was not to educate Africans but to train them to serve colonial interests. Training of Africans by the colonialists was not open to all Africans but to a selected few. The purpose of limiting the training of Africans to very few of us was better illustrated by a part of what Malcolm X said in his Message to the Grass Roots thus, "The slave- master took Tom and dressed him well, fed him well and even gave him a little education - a little education; give him a long coat and a top hat and made the other slaves look up to him. Then he used Tom to control them. The same strategy that was used in those days is used today, by the same white man. He takes a Negro, a so-called Negro, and makes him prominent, builds him up, publicizes him, makes him a celebrity. And then he becomes a spokesman for Negroes - and a Negro leader." Trained Nigerians are Literate Zombies who have been rewired and retooled into abandoning Nigeria's real needs and aspirations for the purpose of devoting their lives and entire existence into serving the global conquerors. Literate Nigerian Zombies connive with foreigners to go into joint ventures, especially in the crude oil exploration, that present Nigerians as owners of companies which in reality are foreign owned. Due to the control of the white world over the literate Zombies that pervade the entire administration of Nigeria, the white world often act and behave as if Nigerians never can know where the shoes they wear are pinching unless they tell them. Therefore, the US and Western Europe controlled UN do not only always diagnose and proffer solutions to our industrial and economic problems but command the Literate Zombies to accept and implement their solutions. In 1985 when a Nigerian naira was exchanging at one dollar and fifty cents, the global economic dictators instructed the military and civilian Literate Zombies in Nigeria to devalue naira against the dollar so that Nigeria's products would be cheaper in the world market and make Nigeria to earn more money for its exports. Although the only major export from Nigeria was crude oil and its prize, internationally, was not decided in naira but dollar, Nigeria's Literate Zombies complied with the instruction of the global economic dictators. Naira was devalued and Nigeria's economy nose-dived and suffered a great recession. By the time Obasanjo became President in 1999, naira was exchanging at N85 to a dollar. Of what gain was the United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa (UN-NADAF) which the global economic dictators forced Nigeria's Literate Zombies to accept in 1990? Five years later, 1995, the Global economic dictators set up the so-called implementing arm of NADAF called the United Nations System-Wide Special Initiative on Africa which Nigeria's Literate Zombies embraced just like a dog will embrace a bone thrown to it by its master. NADAF was buried in year 2000 without any benefit for Nigeria or Africa as a whole when the global economic dictators replaced it with New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). At the same time, Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) which was designed by the global economic dictators to cure most of our socio-economic ailments by year 2015 was handed over to Nigeria's Literate Zombies and they grabbed it without second thought. By the end of year 2015, Nigerians were economically poorer than year 2000, yet the global economic dictators were unrestrained to throw a new plan called Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on the lap of Nigeria's Literate Zombies for implementations between 2015 and 2030. The enormous power of the global economic dictators over Nigeria's Literate Zombies was demonstrated in the recently celebrated Valentine Day.
On 8 February 2018, pmnewsnigeria.com in its publication announced that AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF), founded in Nigeria in 2009, was to observe what was termed World Condom Day on 13 February 2018, with distribution of three-hundred-thousand condoms and carrying out forty-three-thousand HIV test among Nigerians.
Two days to the Valentine's Day, Nigerian Punch online had the headline, Avoid Unprotected Sex On Valentine's Day, Government Tells Nigerians. Here follows excerpts from the warning: Ahead of the Valentine's Day which will hold on Wednesday, 14 February 2018, the Director General of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Dr. Sani Aliyu, has called on Nigerians, especially the youths not to engage in unprotected sex.
He said it was important that all Nigerians know their HIV/status, .. A young person not tested may not have the opportunity to enjoy future Valentine's Days, if he or she is diagnosed late or presents with terminal complications related to HIV infection and AIDS.
The NACA boss revealed that, at least, 15 per cent of Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of 15. He said that about 4.2 per cent of persons between the ages of 15 and 24 have HIV. The DG noted that first sexual contact in Nigeria begins at less than 15 years for 15 per cent of Nigeria's youth.... Only 17 per cent of young people know their HIV status. The DG states that new HIV infections are currently highest among young people aged 15 - 24 years. It is important to encourage the use of barrier protection such as condoms, which prevent STDs including HIV and unwanted pregnancies. Before commenting on the sexual warning to Nigerians by the Director General of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Dr, Sani Aliyu, I want to assert that if Nigeria's socio-economic and health problems are enumerated in order of priority from one to a hundred (1 - 100), HIV/AIDS shall list 100. In August 1987, the Federal Government adopted a blue-print titled, National Health Policy and Strategy to achieve health for all Nigerians by the year 2000. It was initiated by the then Minister of Health and Human Services, Olikoye Ransome-Kuti, a Professor of Paediatrics under the military President, Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida. In fact, Professor Ransome-Kuti had dismissed the existence of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria then, pointing out that Nigerians were dying of preventable and curable diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever, cough and cholera. Professor Ransome-Kuti, however, believed that Nigerians were giving births to too many children. Therefore, he initiated in 1987, a government's population policy of one-woman-four-children at a cost of N228 million which was financially aided by USAID. Under Obasanjo's government, in 2004, and through his Minister of Health, Professor Eyitan Lambo, a new population policy of one-man-four-children was introduced. In a national broadcast in the evening of 9 January 2007, President Obasanjo announced that the meeting of National Council of State earlier on that date had adopted the census figures of 140,003,542 presented as the total population of Nigeria by the National Population Commission. He said among other things, "This figure represents a 3.2 annual growth rate. This rate implies that, even with our planned annual economic growth rate of a minimum of 10 per cent, we need to seriously face up to the challenge of moderating our population growth to about 2 per cent to enable us to double the growth of our national economy every eight or nine years. We must also bear in mind that high rates of poverty generally correlates with large households. One way of addressing this critical matter is through more focussed attention on girl-child education and the discouragement of such unprogressive cultural practices as early child marriage." The Idea of overpopulation in Nigeria, and indeed in the whole of Africa, was propagated by the US controlled United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA) in 1994, while, at the same time, another arm of the United Nations, UNAID, also controlled by the United States propagated that Africa's population was being decimated by HIV/AIDS. Although no HIV tests were carried out to ascertain the number of people infected, because it was too expensive, terrifying figures were manufactured to support estimated number of HIV infected people and AIDS deaths in Africa. Under the pretext of combating the spread of HIV and subsequent AIDS' deaths in Nigeria, Literate Zombies are recruited and remunerated by the global economic dictators to become condom evangelists. Since Nigeria's Literate Zombies are too mentally lazy to invoke their God's given right to self enquiries, they cannot discern that a country cannot be decimated by an incurable and deadly disease and at the same time be overpopulated. Although the first Colonial Governor General of Nigeria, Frederick John Dealtry Lugard, was a racist, he did not fail to observe that every matured female in Black Africa was mated. On overpopulation he remarked thus, "The custom, which seems fairly general among the negro tribes, of suckling a child for two or three years, during which a woman lives apart from her husband, tends to decrease population (p.66, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa, By F.J.D. Lugard)." Unlike Europe and United States of America, Africans are born with sexual discipline. Prior to cultural and traditional pollution of Africa by the colonialists, sexual intercourse was restricted within marriage couples and between a man and a woman. During the three years a nursing mother breast-fed her child, the man maintained abstinence. Through Literate Zombies, we are now forced to adopt Euro-American sexual behaviours and perversities. While the tradition in our culture was that sexual intercourse between a man and a woman should be flesh to flesh, we are now being taught through Literate Zombies that a penis enveloped in a condom, which turns a woman into a masturbating machine for a man, is the new trend so as not to be infected with HIV and die of AIDS. However, on the infectivity of HIV, the Nobel Prize Winner in Chemistry, in 1993, Professor Kary Mullis, told us, "Human beings are full of retroviruses, and neither HIV nor any other retrovirus by itself poses any kind of threat. Which is not to say that there is no such thing as AIDS - only that HIV doesn't cause it (p. 154, Positively False, Exposing the Myths Around HIV and AIDS BY Joan Shenton). Kary Mullis received Nobel Price for inventing the gene-amplification technique called Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCP) that made it possible to detect a very tinny and dormant virus like HIV in the blood. That HIV is very difficult to transmit, Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of Berkeley, USA, Peter H. Duesberg wrote, ".. HIV could never survive in evolution from sexual transmission. Based on studies ... conducted by the CDC (USA's Centre for Disease Control) and others, it takes on average 1000 unprotected sexual contacts to transmit HIV. According to Rosenberg and Weiner, HIV infection in non-drug using prostitutes tends to be low or absent, implying that sexual activity alone does not place them at high risk. ...//... Since about 10 to 30 sexual contacts are required to generate a child, but 1000 contacts are required to transmit HIV, HIV could never survive natural selection on the basis of sexual transmission, because the host would outgrow the parasite. ...//... The extremely low efficiency of sexual transmission of HIV also predicts that the safe-sex campaigns by the HIV orthodoxy will be of very limited value. Only those who would benefit are those who have an average of 1000 sexual contacts with HIV positives (p.248, AIDS: Virus or Drug Induced? Edited By Peter H. Duesberg)." Professor Luc Montagnier, the discoverer of Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus (LAV), later renamed HIV by the USA, admitted to the fact that HIV by itself is not harmful and can only be rendered pathogenic by co-factors (p. 241, Inventing the AIDS Virus, by Peter H. Duesberg). At the Cold Spring Harbour meeting of Scientists, Dr Robert Gallo remarked, "Montagnier did not conclude that their virus (LAV) was the cause of AIDS (p. 167, Virus Hunting by Robert C. Gallo)." While Nigeria's Literate Zombies in year 2018 are still running around to preach condom-ized sex so as to prevent the spread of HIV infection, the British Guardian newspaper of Monday, 9 March 1987, reported Britain's Chief Medical Officer, Sir Donald Acheson, as having said of AIDS, "It is not very infectious, you have a one in a hundred chance of catching it from sex with an infected person." Over eight years later, the curate at St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Dungarvan, co. Waterford, Ireland, Father Michael Kennedy, revealed on Sunday, 10 September 1995,that a woman AIDS avenger had confessed to him of deliberately infecting 85 men with HIV. Reacting to the claim, the former Irish AIDS co-ordinator, Dr. James Welsh, in the Wednesday, 13 September 1995, issue of the London Times, categorically rejected the claim of the AIDS' woman avenger. He said, "The woman would have had to have sex with each man 500 times to infect him according to the latest medical research. Some researchers say 1000 times (p.3)." A section of Nigeria's Literate Zombies now deals in importation of condoms into Nigeria which was put at 400 million packets in 2017 under the pretence of safe sex and fighting HIV/AIDS. Another section of the Literate Zombies deals in importing oral and injectable contraceptives on a large scale into Nigeria for the purpose of what the UNFPA beautifully call, Access to Reproductive Health, which in reality means Family Planning or indirect population control.
The above explanations about the infectivity of HIV render useless the advice of the Director General of NACA, Dr Sani Aliyu, to the Nigerian Youths to know their HIV status. The medical facilities in Nigeria are not capable of carrying out such a large scale test even if it were necessary. Leaving that aside let us look at the statistics presented by Dr. Sani Aliyu to justify his call on the Nigerian Youths to test themselves for HIV. He stated, "... at least 15 per cent of Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of 15." The expression, 'at least' before the 15% indicates that Dr. Sani is only guessing and that he has no evidence that Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of fifteen. Otherwise he should have stated how many youths before the age fifteen are in Nigeria. Furthermore, he told Nigerians that 'about 4.2% of persons between the ages of 15 and 24 have HIV. Again we need to know how many Nigerians are between the age bracket, 15 and 24, before Dr. Aliyu's insinuation about 4.2% can make sense statistically. Dr. Aliyu noted that first sexual contact in Nigeria begins at less than 15 years for 15 % of Nigeria's youth... Once more, Dr. Aliyu's assertion will make sense if the number of Nigerian youths below the age of 15 are known. Dr. Aliyu followed it up by asserting that Only 17% of young people know their HIV status without telling his readers how many young people are in Nigeria. Finally, the Director General of NACA, Dr. Sani Aliyu, stated that new HIV infections are currently highest among young people aged 15-24 years. Again, Dr. Aliyu's statistic is a fraud since he did not tell readers how many young people between the age of 15 and 24 are in Nigeria and which other age group was he comparing with. As it is in NACA, so are they in all Ministries, Departments and Agencies of Nigeria because they are manned by Literate Zombies whose duties are to serve foreign interest and not Nigeria's interest. A while ago, I objected to the harangue of Philp Emeagwali, Gabriel Oyibo, Chris Imafidon and Enoch Opeyemi by some debaters on this forum. Their crime, according to debaters, was that they claimed unmerited academic achievements. As for Emeagwali and Oyibo, I drew attention of debaters to the fact that none of the two was ever employed in the service of any of the MDAs in Nigeria. Consequently, Nigerians have not suffered anything from their alleged false claims. Nigeria has a lot of Ministries, Departments and Agencies created to solve both known and envisaged socio-economic problems in the country. Nigerians who claimed to have requisite education to solve our country's economic, industrial and infrastructural problems have not only been employed and remunerated to enhance productions but huge financial and material resources have been placed at their disposals to accomplish the desired goals. Nigerian Engineers, Scientists and Economists in the MDAs collect not only their salaries and fringe benefits but steal monies appropriated for projects in Nigeria. Employed Nigerians at the MDAs of Nigeria have not been able to demonstrate knowledge attributed to them in their certificates. Claims to knowledge by Nigeria's officials at MDAs are just as false as that of Philip Emeagwali and Gabriel Oyibo with the difference that the latter are less devastating and harmful to Nigeria than the employees at Nigeria's MDAs. If one is educated, one must be able to demonstrate in practice what one is educated in, whereas a literate Zombie possesses no practical knowledge to demonstrate except to follow or obey commands.
S. Kadiri
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
Ken,
I have been teaching a course entitled Hist 431: Ancient Northeast Africa
for the last 25 years. To teach the course I had to read extensively and I also have to keep in touch with current discoveries and research.
In addition to that, let me say that I have also done filming in Ethiopia and Egypt with a focus on antiquities. I attempted to do the same for Sudan last year but had to change my plans because of the instability in the region. I'll give it another shot soon.
Gloria
Kenneth Harrow
Brava Gloria, your scholarship shows!
(this is not trash talk)
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Saturday 3 March 2018 at 18:36
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Olayinka Agbetuyi
Good point but the Egyptians built their first pyramid around 2600BC and Rome emerged as a city state around 753 BC.
Can we say that the Romans influenced the Egyptians in their construction of the pyramids - when pyramid construction ceased around 1500 BC?
The Ionian Greeks were the first group of intellectuals that we know and they are a bit later than the Romans. The Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Hippocrates and Socrates emerge around 400BC. Can we say that they influenced people like Imhotep who were long dead and buried over two thousand years before? For example, Plato was born around 427 BC.
In the case of Mesopotamia, Persia and even China you have more contemporaneous interaction and there are areas of diffusion and borrowing using the model that you suggest, but some cases are clear cut.
Kenneth Harrow
Where is the evidence for these claims?
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Olayinka Agbetuyi <yagb...@hotmail.com>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Saturday 3 March 2018 at 21:06
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
It is undoubted that Egyptian architecture influenced the architecture of the Renaissance.
The art of the dome was unquestionably copied from the tomb of Pharaoh Seti I and then spread through Europe by the trio of Da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael. The last was credited with the mastery of pillar- less dome copied from the tomb of Seti.
The catacombs in Rome was unquestionably copied from Egyptian subterranean tombs some of which still bear the inscriptions of Romans who made pilgrimages there long before the Renaissance.
The Cretan labyrinths that gave rise to the Minotaur myth is also taught to have its origins in Egypt. Greek (and later American)names of cities like Memphis derived from Egyptian cities are well known.
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------
From: "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Date: 03/03/2018 07:25 (GMT+00:00)
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
What is the definition of intelligence, asked Samuel Zalanga? Any attempt to define intelligence will be equal to trying to define wisdom and as the Yoruba adage says, OGBÓN ODÚN YI WÈRÈ ÈMI, meaning: this year's wisdom is next year's lunacy. Intelligence is recognised in relation to action or behaviour in solving or approaching any current problem confronting people or the society as whole. What Nigerians may consider as intelligent statement may be considered as unintelligent by the Americans or Europeans. An example is when iron ore was discovered at Ajaokuta in 1961, the Nigerian Prime Minister at that time, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, desired that Nigeria should use the iron ore to develop iron and steel industry in the country. The Americans counselled him that since there was surplus of steel in the world market, Nigeria should not utilise its iron ore to produce steel, rather it would be economically wise to export the iron ore raw. Balewa shrewdly asked his American advisers what the importers of Nigeria's iron ore were going to do with it when there was surplus of steel in the world market? The American advisers evaded Balewa's enquiry and told him, instead, that it would be cheaper for Nigeria to buy steel from the surplus world market than erecting iron and steel industry in Nigeria. Balewa thanked the American advisers and told them that the iron and steel industry would create more than half a million jobs for Nigeria and in addition encourage Nigerians in creative technologies like machine productions etc. To Nigerians Abubakar Tafawa Balewa was intelligent in his decision not to export jobs from Nigeria by importing Steel in exchange for iron ore export. Although the iron and steel industry is still a dream today, we can only blame well-remunerated western educated Nigerians who are employed there but have failed to perform.
Elsewhere, Kayode J. Fakinlede counselled in his post of Tuesday, 27 February 2018 thus, "Let us not unnecessarily hero-worship the mental capacity of the Europeans. They are just human beings like ourselves. Through their own struggles to make life better for themselves, they have made inventions that are beneficial to the world..." No one is hero-worshiping the mental capacity of Europeans but I think the time has come when we as a people should halt to reflect on where we are, how we got to where we are and where are we going next. It is of concern to me that nearly all African countries are engaged in wars being waged with weapons from Europe and the US. Whenever their cargo ships anchore in our seaports, they off-load weapons, bleaching creams, oral and injectable contraceptives, synthetic hairs and many at times toxic wastes from their industries. While departing African seaports, they load their ships with agricultural and mineral resources especially to the natural resources poor European countries to feed their industries. We, the natural resources rich countries are undeveloped and poor. If we are human beings like them why could they capture us as slaves and cart us to America and the Caribbean Islands to toil in the plantations for them? And if we are the same human beings like them why are we now indirectly enslaved through the control of natural resources in our territories? I agree that they make life better for themselves, but at our expense. The crumps which they throw at the African facilitators of our exploitation are erroneously referred to as benefit to us, Africans, whereas those crumps are nothing but lubricants intended to neutralize frictions in the machinery of self-administered slavery that we call independence.
I can understand the frustrations of Mr. Kadiri here. Seeing that Africans are lagging behind the rest of the world in technological development, it is easy to come to a conclusion that something is wrong with our intelligence. ...//... We spend too much time castigating ourselves and talking ourselves down This is pitiable indeed - Kayode J. Fakinlede.
I am not frustrated but angry to observe that whenever the chains tied around our necks and ankles by the global economic dictators were slightly loosen, it had been through the efforts of American-Europeans with good conscience, while we, the victim, remain not only passive onlookers to our own exploitations and humiliations but we aid and abet our economic exploiters. Our relation with the white world is that of the horse and its rider and if we are the same human being like them, why should they be riding us all the time or why could we not ride them too in the name of equilibrium and reciprocity? Talking about our unintelligent behaviours that have made us prone to other peoples exploitations and dehumanisation is not to castigate and talk ourselves down. Who are working in the cocoa plantations and who are eating chocolate cakes and drinking chocolate beverages? Who are working in the coffee plantations and who are drinking coffee? Who are digging gold and diamonds from both earth surface and deep wells and who are wearing jewel ornaments? Who are exporting crude oil and who are sleeping at the petrol station to buy fuel?
Even now, there are many Africans all over the world and in many areas of human endeavour doing fantastic work to elevate the well being of humanity - Kayode Fakinlede.
I have heard religious people preach, love your neighbours as yourself, and not, love your neighbours more than yourself. Thus, Africans must first work in all areas of human endeavours in Africa to uplift the wellbeing of Africans before extending such work to the rest of humanity. Africans cannot be fantastic house builders all over the world to provide decent accommodations for humanity while at the same time Africans are dwelling in squalors unless those fantastic African house builders are labourers in the world.
Our biggest problem, to me, is Africans castigating the intelligence of other Africans. We, particularly the educated ones, have completely shut ourselves out of educating ourselves about the achievement of Africans - Kayode J. Fakinlede.
ÒGÚN the muse of creativity, deity of metallurgy and patron of blacksmith was born at a hilltop in Ile Ife. The name of his mother was Tabutu and his father's name was Òróna. Ògún left Ile Ife to settle in the present day Ìrè Èkìtì where he was the first to mine iron ore and working it into metal from which he invented cutlasses, hoes and subsequently axes. His inventions revolutionized agriculture at that time not only in Ìrè Èkìtì but the entire Yoruba land. That was why he became a deity, worshiped in all kinds of manners throughout Yorubaland. Ògun was an intelligent person of his era. However, the foundation of Ògún's iron and steel knowledge was destroyed by the British colonialists that turned Nigeria into importer of cutlasses and axes from Britain in the 1950s. Long after the demise of Ògún, the Yoruba had been manufacturing guns, similar to those used during the 1st world war, from his metal technology. Had our technological developments not been destroyed by the colonialists, Nigeria would not have had any problem with building iron and steel industry, planned since 1961, at Ajaokuta. I do not believe that the existence of Ajaokuta Steel Industry only in name, since 1961, constitutes any achievement and, as such, stating the incapability and failure of the supposedly qualified Nigerian academics employed and paid to produce steel at Ajaokuta, cannot reasonably constitute castigation of their intelligence.
In all fields of human endeavours to make life easier, our people were making progress before the slave raids interrupted our developments in Africa. In his Trade and Politics in the Niger Delta, 1830-1885, Professor Kenneth Onwuka Dike, referred to the 1888 observation of Consul H.H. Johnston thus, "A native salt of old standing continues. The salt is made extensively by Jakrymen (actually Itsekiri men) from the leaves of a willow-like tree not unlike the mangrove; which are burnt; the ashes are soaked and washed, then evaporated; the residue represents native salt, which is now being preferred for many uses to introduced salt (p.22)." It is noteworthy that Consul Johnston described the salt produced by our Intelligent Itsekiri people as native salt but the one that the British colonialist wanted to introduce to the people of Niger Delta was not described as native English salt but only as salt. Itsekiri people who were verse in the production of salt were murdered by the colonialists in order to make our people dependable on British supply of salt. The destillation and production of Gin in Nigeria, called Ògógóró in Yoruba and Kain-Kain in Ijaw languages, was outlawed by the British colonialists who branded it illicit gin. A country that had reached the age of bronze, as archaeological antiquities in Benin and Ife had confirmed, could not have lacked intelligent people. High intelligence was required to identify different types of metals fused together to create an alloy called bronze. Our great ancestors did not only discover copper, zink, tin and aluminium in nature, but knew what to do with them. Nigeria's literate zombies have been sitting and gazing at the huge iron ore deposits at Ajaokuta for the past 57 years without knowing what to do with it. Nigeria's literate zombies are waiting for foreign partners who are just human beings like them and who are academically less educated to them to come and erect an iron and steel industry for them to manage. Nigeria's MDAs contain shameless literate zombies lacking self-esteems, dignity and possessing heart of venoms and conscience of hyenas. They have, inexcusably continued to fail the nation and advertise themselves as the black man's show of crass incompetence and mental inferiority. To Nigeria's literate zombies, education amounts to nothing but ego-boosting chauvinism. Funds are earmarked for projects but Nigerians never eye-see any project because English speaking Nigeria's literate zombies always steal funds appropriated for projects and keep them in the countries of global economic dictators.
Despite the fact that billions of dollars have been spent on Turn Around Maintenance (TAM) of the Nigerian Crude Oil Refineries since 1999 till date, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Chief Operating Officer Upstream, Dr. Rabiu Bello, on Thursday, 1st March 2018, admitted that the Nigerian refineries are not performing optimally. He said, "We want to operate optimally but with efficient partnerships. It is a thing of shame that Nigeria, as the largest producer of crude (oil) in Africa and the 13th largest in the World, is the largest importer of petrol and the only OPEC country that imports refined products (crude oil)." https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/03/fg-admits-refineries-not-performing-optimally/
What is Dr. Rabiu Bello operating at NNPC when the refineries are actually in coma?
If we take into consideration the natural resources at the disposal of Nigeria, a climate devoid of natural disasters like earth quakes and typhoons, and coupled with high index manpower as evidenced by the academic qualifications of Nigerians employed in Nigeria's MDAs, Nigeria should be developed economically and industrially more than France, Benelux, Netherland, Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal and Britain because these countries of Europe are natural resources extremely poor. That Nigeria is economically and industrially underdeveloped depends on the mental inferiority of Nigeria's literate zombies and instead of measuring their intelligence quotients, IQ, it will be more appropriate to measure their stupidity quotients, SQ.
S. Kadiri
Från: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> för Samuel Zalanga <szal...@gmail.com>
Samuel Zalanga
For those of us who have taught college world history for years its like putting the cart before the horse.
It is undoubted that Egyptian architecture influenced the architecture of the Renaissance.
The art of the dome was unquestionably copied from the tomb of Pharaoh Seti I and then spread through Europe by the trio of Da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael. The last was credited with the mastery of pillar- less dome copied from the tomb of Seti.
The catacombs in Rome was unquestionably copied from Egyptian subterranean tombs some of which still bear the inscriptions of Romans who made pilgrimages there long before the Renaissance.
The Cretan labyrinths that gave rise to the Minotaur myth is also taught to have its origins in Egypt. Greek (and later American)names of cities like Memphis derived from Egyptian cities are well known.
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------From: "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>Date: 03/03/2018 07:25 (GMT+00:00)To: usaafricadialogue <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
--Good point but the Egyptians built their first pyramid around 2600BC and Rome emerged as a city state around 753 BC.
Can we say that the Romans influenced the Egyptians in their construction of the pyramids - when pyramid construction ceased around 1500 BC?
The Ionian Greeks were the first group of intellectuals that we know and they are a bit later than the Romans. The Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Hippocrates and Socrates emerge around 400BC. Can we say that they influenced people like Imhotep who were long dead and buried over two thousand years before? For example, Plato was born around 427 BC.
In the case of Mesopotamia, Persia and even China you have more contemporaneous interaction and there are areas of diffusion and borrowing using the model that you suggest, but some cases are clear cut.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
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Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
For those of us who have taught college world history for years its like putting the cart before the horse.
It is undoubted that Egyptian architecture influenced the architecture of the Renaissance.
The art of the dome was unquestionably copied from the tomb of Pharaoh Seti I and then spread through Europe by the trio of Da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael. The last was credited with the mastery of pillar- less dome copied from the tomb of Seti.
The catacombs in Rome was unquestionably copied from Egyptian subterranean tombs some of which still bear the inscriptions of Romans who made pilgrimages there long before the Renaissance.
The Cretan labyrinths that gave rise to the Minotaur myth is also taught to have its origins in Egypt. Greek (and later American)names of cities like Memphis derived from Egyptian cities are well known.
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------From: "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>Date: 03/03/2018 07:25 (GMT+00:00)To: usaafricadialogue <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Good point but the Egyptians built their first pyramid around 2600BC and Rome emerged as a city state around 753 BC.
Can we say that the Romans influenced the Egyptians in their construction of the pyramids - when pyramid construction ceased around 1500 BC?
The Ionian Greeks were the first group of intellectuals that we know and they are a bit later than the Romans. The Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Hippocrates and Socrates emerge around 400BC. Can we say that they influenced people like Imhotep who were long dead and buried over two thousand years before? For example, Plato was born around 427 BC.
In the case of Mesopotamia, Persia and even China you have more contemporaneous interaction and there are areas of diffusion and borrowing using the model that you suggest, but some cases are clear cut.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
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Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
Kenneth Harrow
I am sceptical about the claim of the dome’s genealogy. I don’t know if it appeared in Egypt so far back; anything is possible. But the fact that it may have doesn’t mean it was the influence that led to its revival in the renaissance. I asked for some credible source that establishes it. I did learn that the arch was used in ancient Greece for underground structures before being passed to rome. I don’t know of any other earlier sources for that particular key piece of technology. Much was transmitted from Egypt to Greece, as we all know. but there is a point where the desire to make that claim becomes stronger than the evidence warrants.
As for transmission to 16th century Italy, after the 1000 yr lapse, that seems not very credible. But who knows? Make the claim, but also show its credibility by citing architectural historians who demonstrate it.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Samuel Zalanga <szal...@gmail.com>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Sunday 4 March 2018 at 03:53
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
LIeft to me, I do not want this discussion to be like all nostalgia. Leaving it as it is is like an adult suffering from glaring challenges and constraints in life but decided to look back with nostalgia at his or her dynamism during the adolescent period.
Another issue of ethical concern is that many of these great artistic works of the past were still elite -driven consumption. The ordinary masses who were "on the other side" had different priorities because of their desperate struggle for survival. In this respect, I want us to establish a clear criterion for development so that it does not come across as though in an attempt to affirm or highlight past African achievements, we have to look in Africa for what was established as important originally by the eyes of western civilization. We know that western civilization itself at many historical junctures defined development from the perspective of elite interests and consumption. Many of the great works of art in the west were not geared towards promoting the welfare of common people.
Rousseau argues that the luxurious consumption of artistic works is sometimes done at the expense of addressing the painful needs and concerns of the masses. Voltaire believes in contrast that the consumption creates room for innovation, creativity and employment to which Rousseau says at what human cost? Many of these works were not part of even popular culture but elite consumption. I want to know what are the main priorities of the masses then in terms of the desire to live a dignified human life in Africa and whether such artistic achievements were committed or oriented to addressing such prioritie or totally ignoring them while trying to satisfy elite test or consumption.
Samuel
On Mar 4, 2018 3:24 AM, "Olayinka Agbetuyi" <yagb...@hotmail.com> wrote:
For those of us who have taught college world history for years its like putting the cart before the horse.
It is undoubted that Egyptian architecture influenced the architecture of the Renaissance.
The art of the dome was unquestionably copied from the tomb of Pharaoh Seti I and then spread through Europe by the trio of Da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael. The last was credited with the mastery of pillar- less dome copied from the tomb of Seti.
The catacombs in Rome was unquestionably copied from Egyptian subterranean tombs some of which still bear the inscriptions of Romans who made pilgrimages there long before the Renaissance.
The Cretan labyrinths that gave rise to the Minotaur myth is also taught to have its origins in Egypt. Greek (and later American)names of cities like Memphis derived from Egyptian cities are well known.
Sent from my Samsung Galaxy smartphone.
-------- Original message --------
From: "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Date: 03/03/2018 07:25 (GMT+00:00)
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Good point but the Egyptians built their first pyramid around 2600BC and Rome emerged as a city state around 753 BC.
Can we say that the Romans influenced the Egyptians in their construction of the pyramids - when pyramid construction ceased around 1500 BC?
The Ionian Greeks were the first group of intellectuals that we know and they are a bit later than the Romans. The Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Hippocrates and Socrates emerge around 400BC. Can we say that they influenced people like Imhotep who were long dead and buried over two thousand years before? For example, Plato was born around 427 BC.
In the case of Mesopotamia, Persia and even China you have more contemporaneous interaction and there are areas of diffusion and borrowing using the model that you suggest, but some cases are clear cut.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
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Olayinka Agbetuyi
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Samuel Zalanga
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
Olayinka Agbetuyi
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Sent: Sunday, March 4, 2018 1:39 PM
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Samuel Zalanga
If this is true, wow, it is really great. It makes feel good. But seeing things the way they are with the masses in black Africa now, I want to draw an inspiration from all this that can help me or us deal with the current challenges of human development in contemporary black Africa. Some would not equate Egypt with black Africa. The debate on this still persists in some quarters today. Late Basil Davidson highlighted this in his documentary film on Africa titled: "Africa: A Voyage of Discovery.LIeft to me, I do not want this discussion to be like all nostalgia.
Samuel,
You are beginning to sound like a spoil sport. It is actually anti-intellectual to refuse to understand and discuss ancient northeast Africa in its proper context - or any region on the planet for that matter.
Please assume that the scholars looking at this important region of Africa are not imbeciles and that they are quite aware of the complexities involved. By creating interest in this area of research, you may actually stimulate comparative development studies and learn a thing or two.
Can't you get the point that ancient Egypt or Ancient Sudan are not exclusively about pyramids. It is also about understanding construction techniques and engineering, medicinal applications and physics, religion and interconnections.. What is dragging you back into this old debate about Egyptian identity. Assume that the ancient Egyptians were green and get on with the research. I have deliberately integrated ancient Sudan, Ancient Egypt and ancient Ethiopia into one region in my course.BTW I hear you referring to a lot of obscure European, Eurocentric philosophers .What do they have to do with African development that is more relevant than a study of the Nile region of Africa past and present?
Professor Gloria EmeagwaliGloria Emeagwali's Documentaries onAfrica and the African Diaspora8608322815 Phone8608322804 Fax
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Olayinka Agbetuyi <yagb...@hotmail.com>
Sent: Sunday, March 4, 2018 1:39 PM
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
Ken,
This is a list of some Egyptian inventions and innovations.
Each is associated with scholarly commentary. Those with asterisks
have parallel, rival or coexisting claims - from Mesopotamia and China mainly.
The arch also shows up in Mesopotamia but the earliest document
seems to be Egypt. This is the argument of Breasted (1906).
As for the dome, well I have always discussed the so-called "hut" as a dome-like structure.
Conventionally though Mesopotamia is cited. It has been argued that the European Renaissance was preceded by the
Islamic Renaissance and that scholars such as Ibn Sina, Al-Khwarazim and other scholars of the Abbasid Caliphate
influenced Europe directly and indirectly by reviving and innovating on Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Persian and Greek
scholarship through well-funded translation centers and institutions.
I was a bit skeptical of some of the games credited to the ancient Egyptians until I viewed "egyptianolympics.org."
My list was shorter before then. I also thought that cheese would have originated elsewhere but
Zaki and Iskader argued in Ancient Egypt Cheese that the Egyptians had the earliest documented use of cheese.
They used it for medicinal purposes.
This list may be of interest to historians of science, technology and IKS.
The last time I checked, this was a credible established field of study so I have no apologies
to persons suffering from Egyptphobia.
I plan to include the Inventions of Nubia and West Africa in a forthcoming chapter.
(Before Greek and Roman Colonization)
Games / Sports
Javelin
Wrestling
Weightlifting
Long jump
Rowing
Fishing
Athletics
Hand ball
Swimming
Rowing
Fencing
Tug of war
Marathon
Gymnastics
Checkers
Rowing
Bowling
Early Games and Competition
Food Items & food processing
Bee keeping
Mathematics
Abacus *
Calculator, Abacus*
Calendar*
Pi*
Plumb line for measurement
Scales
Algebra *
Trigonometry tables. 3500 BC ( Dugas 1955)
Materials and Art
Use of stone ( in addition to clay) in construction , 2500BCE
Cement
Natron
Beeswax as coating; used as glue on surfaces
Concrete
Wallpaper: 3200 BCE- decorative and used for insulation
Poster
Camel*
Boats*
Chemistry
Distillation – converting liquid into vapor followed by cooling to recondense it. 3110BCE Narmer (lucas and Harris, 1962).
Desalination. Removing salt from sea water to make it drinkable. 350BCE. Open sun and collector bowls used. (Travers, 1996).
Fermentation
Embalming, mummification
Paint*
Bottle. 1500. Insertion of sand - filled bag into melted glass.
Sand was removed and the bag disintegrated leaving a glass bottle (Binford , 1981)
Cosmetics and Accessories
Face creams
Eye shadow
"Lipstick" and body paint
Perfume*
Wigs
Gadgets and household items
Burner
Brush
Fan*
Wallpaper: 3200 BC decorative and used for insulation
Education
Pen*
Ink*
papyrus
Geology textbook
Textiles
Loom*
Painted cloth
Linen
Metallurgy
Metal plating*
Pin made of copper. 4000BC
Hydraulic dam 2100 BC. Move large mechanical devices
1925BCE. el-Kurru a compartment with 24 horses that were
connected to a mechanical device linked to the dam. . (Butzer. K. 1976).
Obelisk
Shower. 1350 BCE. A shallow slab. Wooden enclosure with a ceramic lining
Bellows. 2000BC. Air compressor ( Baldwin, 1973).
Wood drill. 1000BC
Quarry
Well*
Saw 4000BC
Plumbline
Arch
Dam - sponsored by Narmer around 3000BC
Foundry
Gauge
Plumbline
Drill
Well - 3200 BC baked brick lined the shafts.
Scales (Balance)2000BC. Also Mesopotamia
Navigation
Rudder, 3000 BC. Cornwell, 2007. Balance
Various types of boats for “sailing” to the afterlife.
Medical
-
Contraceptives*
-
Brain surgery*
-
Medical manuscript (Rhind and Ebers )
-
Papyrus scrolls
-
Fake limbs/ prosthetics
-
Arthritis treatment and treatment for about 200 diseases
-
Glass eye
Music
-
Oboe
-
Harp
-
Sistrum
Food Items & Beverages
-
Bread*
-
Bakery
-
Wine 3000 BC
-
Malt
-
Cheese
Beekeeping
Incubators to hatch ostrich eggs. 600BCE.(Lewis, 2003).
Mathematics/ Astronomy
-
Number Theory
-
Calculator
-
Calendar
-
Sun dials and other time pieces*
-
Water clock or Clepsydra, 1500 BCE
-
Astro –survey
-
Weights
-
Abacus*
Institutions
Police Unit (as distinct from the military)
Art and Literature
Comic strip 1500 BC. Figurative story with successive scenes with
superimposed scripts depicting children playing. Book of the Dead (Montet, 1958).
Posters featured festivities, sales , news for the public - in both Nubia and Egypt. 3000BCE.
Gloria
Sent: Sunday, March 4, 2018 8:57 AM
To: usaafricadialogue
Samuel Zalanga
Samuel.
Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
The Brits introduced a 'scrap iron policy' that undermined local iron production and facilitated "dumping"of their goods during the colonial period. Nurudeen Abubacar has studied this in great detail.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
________________________________________
From: usaafric...@googlegroups.com <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin....@gmail.com>
Sent: Sunday, March 4, 2018 1:57:41 AM
To: usaafricadialogue
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
I consider Salimonu's world view as self contradictory and his arguments as often opportunistic rather than rigorous, but within this , I at times see ideas I identify with such as -
1. " ÒGÚN the muse of creativity, deity of metallurgy and patron of blacksmith was born at a hilltop in Ile Ife. The name of his mother was Tabutu and his father's name was Òróna. Ògún left Ile Ife to settle in the present day Ìrè Èkìtì where he was the first to mine iron ore and working it into metal from which he invented cutlasses, hoes and subsequently axes. His inventions revolutionized agriculture at that time not only in Ìrè Èkìtì but the entire Yoruba land. That was why he became a deity, worshiped in all kinds of manners throughout Yorubaland. Ògun was an intelligent person of his era. However, the foundation of Ògún's iron and steel knowledge was destroyed by the British colonialists that turned Nigeria into importer of cutlasses and axes from Britain in the 1950s. Long after the demise of Ògún, the Yoruba had been manufacturing guns, similar to those used during the 1st world war, from his metal technology. Had our technological developments not been destroyed by the colonialists, Nigeria would not have had any problem with building iron and steel industry, planned since 1961, at Ajaokuta.'
A beautiful extension of the myth of Ogun. To the best of my knowledge, all efforts to ground the origin of practically all Yoruba Orisa, except Ododuwa in his divine characterization from racial founding figure to primordial deity, and perhaps Sango, are speculative at best. I'm keen on knowing how Salimonu came by this characterization of Ogun, a depiction which is a valuable addition to the image being constructed of the deity since Wole Soyinka's titanic expansion of the deity's symbolism.
Nationalities and ethnicities that eventually constituted Nigeria were certainly involved in metalworking in the classical period although I dont know the scope of this. Is Salimonu correct in stating that this metallurgical industry was not developed bcs it was destroyed by the British?
Oil refining is one of Nigeria's problems that Salimonu highlights but Nigeria has locally made refineries in the Niger Delta which the govt does not seem to be doing anything to develop. I expect central reasons as to why this indigenous technology is not cultivated are political and economic. Are there lessons to be learnt here and actions that need to be taken?
Thought provoking:
' In all fields of human endeavours to make life easier, our people were making progress before the slave raids interrupted our developments in Africa. In his Trade and Politics in the Niger Delta, 1830-1885, Professor Kenneth Onwuka Dike, referred to the 1888 observation of Consul H.H. Johnston thus, "A native salt of old standing continues. The salt is made extensively by Jakrymen (actually Itsekiri men) from the leaves of a willow-like tree not unlike the mangrove; which are burnt; the ashes are soaked and washed, then evaporated; the residue represents native salt, which is now being preferred for many uses to introduced salt (p.22)." It is noteworthy that Consul Johnston described the salt produced by our Intelligent Itsekiri people as native salt but the one that the British colonialist wanted to introduce to the people of Niger Delta was not described as native English salt but only as salt. Itsekiri people who were verse in the production of salt were murdered by the colonialists in order to make our people dependable on British supply of salt. The distillation and production of Gin in Nigeria, called Ògógóró in Yoruba and Kain-Kain in Ijaw languages, was outlawed by the British colonialists who branded it illicit gin. A country that had reached the age of bronze, as archaeological antiquities in Benin and Ife had confirmed, could not have lacked intelligent people. High intelligence was required to identify different types of metals fused together to create an alloy called bronze. Our great ancestors did not only discover copper, zink, tin and aluminium in nature, but knew what to do with them.'
A moving summation. The inadequate balance between an outward looking and an inward looking orientation in scientific education and investment has not helped in the development of technology in Nigeria.
There is no returning to the classical past but older technologies, where relevant, can be refined using new knowledge.
Nigerian technological education could also address the exploration and cultivation of local technological skills and creations, some coming from people who have little or no engineering training according to the conventional academic syllabus. Its also vital to attract entrepreneurs to invest in funding and developing these technologies.
thanks
toyin
On 3 March 2018 at 23:20, Salimonu Kadiri <ogunl...@hotmail.com<mailto:ogunl...@hotmail.com>> wrote:
What is the definition of intelligence, asked Samuel Zalanga? Any attempt to define intelligence will be equal to trying to define wisdom and as the Yoruba adage says, OGBÓN ODÚN YI WÈRÈ ÈMI, meaning: this year's wisdom is next year's lunacy. Intelligence is recognised in relation to action or behaviour in solving or approaching any current problem confronting people or the society as whole. What Nigerians may consider as intelligent statement may be considered as unintelligent by the Americans or Europeans. An example is when iron ore was discovered at Ajaokuta in 1961, the Nigerian Prime Minister at that time, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, desired that Nigeria should use the iron ore to develop iron and steel industry in the country. The Americans counselled him that since there was surplus of steel in the world market, Nigeria should not utilise its iron ore to produce steel, rather it would be economically wise to export the iron ore raw. Balewa shrewdly asked his American advisers what the importers of Nigeria's iron ore were going to do with it when there was surplus of steel in the world market? The American advisers evaded Balewa's enquiry and told him, instead, that it would be cheaper for Nigeria to buy steel from the surplus world market than erecting iron and steel industry in Nigeria. Balewa thanked the American advisers and told them that the iron and steel industry would create more than half a million jobs for Nigeria and in addition encourage Nigerians in creative technologies like machine productions etc. To Nigerians Abubakar Tafawa Balewa was intelligent in his decision not to export jobs from Nigeria by importing Steel in exchange for iron ore export. Although the iron and steel industry is still a dream today, we can only blame well-remunerated western educated Nigerians who are employed there but have failed to perform.
Elsewhere, Kayode J. Fakinlede counselled in his post of Tuesday, 27 February 2018 thus, "Let us not unnecessarily hero-worship the mental capacity of the Europeans. They are just human beings like ourselves. Through their own struggles to make life better for themselves, they have made inventions that are beneficial to the world..." No one is hero-worshiping the mental capacity of Europeans but I think the time has come when we as a people should halt to reflect on where we are, how we got to where we are and where are we going next. It is of concern to me that nearly all African countries are engaged in wars being waged with weapons from Europe and the US. Whenever their cargo ships anchore in our seaports, they off-load weapons, bleaching creams, oral and injectable contraceptives, synthetic hairs and many at times toxic wastes from their industries. While departing African seaports, they load their ships with agricultural and mineral resources especially to the natural resources poor European countries to feed their industries. We, the natural resources rich countries are undeveloped and poor. If we are human beings like them why could they capture us as slaves and cart us to America and the Caribbean Islands to toil in the plantations for them? And if we are the same human beings like them why are we now indirectly enslaved through the control of natural resources in our territories? I agree that they make life better for themselves, but at our expense. The crumps which they throw at the African facilitators of our exploitation are erroneously referred to as benefit to us, Africans, whereas those crumps are nothing but lubricants intended to neutralize frictions in the machinery of self-administered slavery that we call independence.
I can understand the frustrations of Mr. Kadiri here. Seeing that Africans are lagging behind the rest of the world in technological development, it is easy to come to a conclusion that something is wrong with our intelligence. ...//... We spend too much time castigating ourselves and talking ourselves down This is pitiable indeed - Kayode J. Fakinlede.
I am not frustrated but angry to observe that whenever the chains tied around our necks and ankles by the global economic dictators were slightly loosen, it had been through the efforts of American-Europeans with good conscience, while we, the victim, remain not only passive onlookers to our own exploitations and humiliations but we aid and abet our economic exploiters. Our relation with the white world is that of the horse and its rider and if we are the same human being like them, why should they be riding us all the time or why could we not ride them too in the name of equilibrium and reciprocity? Talking about our unintelligent behaviours that have made us prone to other peoples exploitations and dehumanisation is not to castigate and talk ourselves down. Who are working in the cocoa plantations and who are eating chocolate cakes and drinking chocolate beverages? Who are working in the coffee plantations and who are drinking coffee? Who are digging gold and diamonds from both earth surface and deep wells and who are wearing jewel ornaments? Who are exporting crude oil and who are sleeping at the petrol station to buy fuel?
Even now, there are many Africans all over the world and in many areas of human endeavour doing fantastic work to elevate the well being of humanity - Kayode Fakinlede.
I have heard religious people preach, love your neighbours as yourself, and not, love your neighbours more than yourself. Thus, Africans must first work in all areas of human endeavours in Africa to uplift the wellbeing of Africans before extending such work to the rest of humanity. Africans cannot be fantastic house builders all over the world to provide decent accommodations for humanity while at the same time Africans are dwelling in squalors unless those fantastic African house builders are labourers in the world.
Our biggest problem, to me, is Africans castigating the intelligence of other Africans. We, particularly the educated ones, have completely shut ourselves out of educating ourselves about the achievement of Africans - Kayode J. Fakinlede.
ÒGÚN the muse of creativity, deity of metallurgy and patron of blacksmith was born at a hilltop in Ile Ife. The name of his mother was Tabutu and his father's name was Òróna. Ògún left Ile Ife to settle in the present day Ìrè Èkìtì where he was the first to mine iron ore and working it into metal from which he invented cutlasses, hoes and subsequently axes. His inventions revolutionized agriculture at that time not only in Ìrè Èkìtì but the entire Yoruba land. That was why he became a deity, worshiped in all kinds of manners throughout Yorubaland. Ògun was an intelligent person of his era. However, the foundation of Ògún's iron and steel knowledge was destroyed by the British colonialists that turned Nigeria into importer of cutlasses and axes from Britain in the 1950s. Long after the demise of Ògún, the Yoruba had been manufacturing guns, similar to those used during the 1st world war, from his metal technology. Had our technological developments not been destroyed by the colonialists, Nigeria would not have had any problem with building iron and steel industry, planned since 1961, at Ajaokuta. I do not believe that the existence of Ajaokuta Steel Industry only in name, since 1961, constitutes any achievement and, as such, stating the incapability and failure of the supposedly qualified Nigerian academics employed and paid to produce steel at Ajaokuta, cannot reasonably constitute castigation of their intelligence.
In all fields of human endeavours to make life easier, our people were making progress before the slave raids interrupted our developments in Africa. In his Trade and Politics in the Niger Delta, 1830-1885, Professor Kenneth Onwuka Dike, referred to the 1888 observation of Consul H.H. Johnston thus, "A native salt of old standing continues. The salt is made extensively by Jakrymen (actually Itsekiri men) from the leaves of a willow-like tree not unlike the mangrove; which are burnt; the ashes are soaked and washed, then evaporated; the residue represents native salt, which is now being preferred for many uses to introduced salt (p.22)." It is noteworthy that Consul Johnston described the salt produced by our Intelligent Itsekiri people as native salt but the one that the British colonialist wanted to introduce to the people of Niger Delta was not described as native English salt but only as salt. Itsekiri people who were verse in the production of salt were murdered by the colonialists in order to make our people dependable on British supply of salt. The destillation and production of Gin in Nigeria, called Ògógóró in Yoruba and Kain-Kain in Ijaw languages, was outlawed by the British colonialists who branded it illicit gin. A country that had reached the age of bronze, as archaeological antiquities in Benin and Ife had confirmed, could not have lacked intelligent people. High intelligence was required to identify different types of metals fused together to create an alloy called bronze. Our great ancestors did not only discover copper, zink, tin and aluminium in nature, but knew what to do with them. Nigeria's literate zombies have been sitting and gazing at the huge iron ore deposits at Ajaokuta for the past 57 years without knowing what to do with it. Nigeria's literate zombies are waiting for foreign partners who are just human beings like them and who are academically less educated to them to come and erect an iron and steel industry for them to manage. Nigeria's MDAs contain shameless literate zombies lacking self-esteems, dignity and possessing heart of venoms and conscience of hyenas. They have, inexcusably continued to fail the nation and advertise themselves as the black man's show of crass incompetence and mental inferiority. To Nigeria's literate zombies, education amounts to nothing but ego-boosting chauvinism. Funds are earmarked for projects but Nigerians never eye-see any project because English speaking Nigeria's literate zombies always steal funds appropriated for projects and keep them in the countries of global economic dictators.
What is Dr. Rabiu Bello operating at NNPC when the refineries are actually in coma?
If we take into consideration the natural resources at the disposal of Nigeria, a climate devoid of natural disasters like earth quakes and typhoons, and coupled with high index manpower as evidenced by the academic qualifications of Nigerians employed in Nigeria's MDAs, Nigeria should be developed economically and industrially more than France, Benelux, Netherland, Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal and Britain because these countries of Europe are natural resources extremely poor. That Nigeria is economically and industrially underdeveloped depends on the mental inferiority of Nigeria's literate zombies and instead of measuring their intelligence quotients, IQ, it will be more appropriate to measure their stupidity quotients, SQ.
S. Kadiri
________________________________
Till: USAAfricaDialogue
Ämne: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
What is the definition of intelligence please? I know there is still debate on this. From a relativizing historicist position, is there one way to define intelligence? How do you constuct the indicators of intelligence for the sake of measurement so that they can transcend time and space? Or are there some cultural assumptions that underpin the definition that are not made explicit. If so, we need full disclosure please. Is there any intelligent person that could be understood outside a cultural economy or some sociocultural context? I am just fascinated by any discussion on this.
I remember reading in a book where someone constructed an IQ rest assuming that white culture with all things underpinning it is not the dominant culture of the US. Rather, Mexican / Latino culture was presumed as the dominant culture in constructing the IQ test. After administering the test, the white students either failed or performed poorly while the Mexican/ Latino students excelled. If my memory is correct this experiment was in Arizona. I do not deny the use of the term or its relevance but I am concerned about how you measure it without some either explicit or implicit cultural assumptions or expectations, that have built into it insiders and outsiders ie some on the "other side." And if one cannot escape this social reality and we know that many cultures are characterized by inequality if not injustice, which mediate the existential experiences of the lives of the people, then we may have a problem of hegemony here.
And this problem for me can be a universal one in all human societies characterized by inequality and injustice. In this case even the stratified precolonial African societies must have defined intelligence in a biased way that favored people with certain kind of standing in the social structure although as in other societies, discourses might be produced to legitimize and normalize the measurement and ranking. Do we need to first understand the dominant value system in a society and the struggles that produced them and how such value system leads the society to define certain things as desirable, intelligent or an expression of high ability or stupidity? Whatever.
Samuel
'Intelligence, as distinguished from brilliance, is creative. Brilliance is more of an ability to reproduce what intelligence has created. For instance, someone came up with the law of gravity. That is intelligence at work. Someone else studies the law of gravity, takes an exam in it and scores 100 per cent, that is brilliance. One cannot be intelligent without being brilliant but one can be brilliant without being intelligent.'
Salimonu Kadiri
The central terms in this passage, intelligence and brilliance, could have been better chosen to avoid the confusion they are likely to generate from the way they are used here.
The central distinction in the passage is between creativity and other forms of relating with knowledge. I am excited by this summation because, ever since I began to think for myself on completing my secondary school education at 16, independent reflection stimulated by breadth of reading in my family's eclectic library and cogitations inspired by what I read, I have had an uneasy and often painful relationship with the globally dominant educational system, originating in Europe and spreading round the world, and have hated the idea of exams although I have excelled in them when I have been able to adequately compose myself to prepare for them.
I find a significant number of Salimonu's postulations problematic though important for analysis but I feel liberated by the one I have quoted, without having to agree with the claim that it differentiates Africans from non-Africans, as Salimonu argues.
toyin
Some decades ago, Fela sang a song titled, Zombie. Every Nigerian believed that the song, Zombie, portrayed the Nigerian Armed Forces as composing mentally degenerated people who are incapable of discerning what is good from what is bad since they could only act on command. The Commander would order : March forward; Open your mouth; Turn to the right; Turn to the left; Fall in, Fall out; Halt!; Stand at ease; Shoot and kill and the Armed men would obey any orders from the Commander just like senseless people. To be fair, 'Zombies' in Nigeria are not limited alone to the Armed Forces because all Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) throughout the Federation of Nigeria are peopled by 'Literate Zombies' whom, in my previous postings, were wrongly referred to as Western Educated. Being educated, whether in the Western, Eastern, Northern or Southern part of the world, should imply that one has successfully gone through an act or a process of acquiring knowledge in a specific field or profession. As an example, a Western Educated Nigerian Electrical Engineer must, at least, have acquired scientific and technical knowledge of generating and distributing electricity. When a Nigerian is employed, paid, and equipped financially and materially, to apply his/her acquired scientific and technical knowledge of generating electricity for Nigerians, but he/she fails, the purported Western Education in Electrical Engineering must either be a fake or his/her educator(s) must have deliberately trained him/her to be a Literate Zombie, which means he/she cannot act as an electrical engineer without supervision of, and orders from, his/her educator. The economic and industrial underdevelopment of Nigeria, despite the availability of enormous natural resources and good climate are caused mainly by the 'Literate Zombies' in the MDAs of Nigeria. Literate Zombies are fluent in spoken and written English Language. However, when it comes to practical application of knowledge, they are just like mechanical toys in their fields of specialization and must be winded repeatedly to perform pre-programmed functions. The winders of the Nigeria's mechanical toys are the foreign interests. What causes Nigerians to be 'Literate Zombies'?
In London Sunday Times of 14 October 2007, Dr. James D. Watson, who shared the Nobel Price with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins in 1962 for the discovery of the structure of DNA, said of the Black people in general thus, "I am inherently gloomy about the prospect of Africa because all our social policies are based on the fact that their intelligence is the same as ours, whereas all the testing says not really." He concluded, "There was no reason to believe different races separated by geography should have evolved identically hoping that everybody was equal, people who have to deal with black employees find this is not true." In a nutshell, what Dr. James D. Watson was saying is that the Blacks are not equal to the Whites because Blacks are inferior intelligently to the Whites. Intelligence, as distinguished from brilliance, is creative. Brilliance is more of an ability to reproduce what intelligence has created. For instance, someone came up with the law of gravity. That is intelligence at work. Someone else studies the law of gravity, takes an exam in it and scores 100 per cent, that is brilliance. One cannot be intelligent without being brilliant but one can be brilliant without being intelligent. Thus, if we juxtapose Dr. Watson's opinion on the political and economic development of Africa as administered by the Literate Zombies, it becomes very obvious that Africans have, in all practical terms, demonstrated that we possess very low IQ. IQ tests are intended to determine the speed of thought, soundness of reasoning and sense of organisation. It is a very good test of mental capability and creative ability. In order to test the validity of Dr. James D. Watson's assertion about the superiority of the Whites to the Blacks, what one needs to do is to take a look at Nigeria, where the evidence of retarded intelligence or Zombie-like behaviour is astonishingly very glaring. Let's take a look at the Nigerian Minister of Power who is a professor of electricity. He travelled officially to London or New York to buy transformers and generating plants for the purpose of generating and distributing electricity in Nigeria. Before his departure, the honourable Minister had registered a brief-case Company in his name and opened several bank accounts in which he is the sole signatory. In collusion with the Permanent Secretary and some Directors of the Ministry of Power, the Minister awarded to himself the contract to supply Transformers and Generating plants and received, in advance, full payment for the contract into his bank accounts. On getting to London or New York, he saw a very beautiful environment and a system that works. Water flowed, electric lights were constant, roads were smooth, streets were clean, drainages were covered, public transport was excellent and technology worked for everybody. The Minister looked around and exclaimed, "Wow, what a beautiful place!" One would expect him to add, "I will go back to Nigeria with these transformers and generating plants to create constant electricity supplies in Nigeria." Instead, the Nigerian Minister of Power turned to his White host to say and ask, "I want to buy mansions here and I am going to pay cash down; can you help me?" That is the limit of the IQ of all our Literate Zombies in Nigeria. They are all, as Yoruba people will call them, KÓLÁJÁDE and not KÓLÁWO'LÉ meaning take wealth outside and not, bring wealth inside home. Of course, White Londoner or New Yorker, as usual, would cooperate with Nigeria's Minister of Power to help him buy mansions there with the stolen money from the Ministry of Power resulting in epileptic power supply or permanent darkness for Nigerians. How were Literate Zombies created in Nigeria?
In a letter written to Pope Henessy by Edmund Blyden in 1871, he warned that the subjection of Africans to 'unmodified European training' would produce slaveries far more subversive of the real welfare of the race than the ancient physical fetters through which the Blacks were carted and ferried away to the Americas and West Indies like cattle. It is noteworthy that Edmund Blyden did not say 'unmodified European Education' but 'unmodified European Training.' For the mere fact that Chimpanzees are trained to use knives and focks to eat does not imply that they are educated. However, the warning of Edmund Blyden was not heeded because the intention of the colonialists was not to educate Africans but to train them to serve colonial interests. Training of Africans by the colonialists was not open to all Africans but to a selected few. The purpose of limiting the training of Africans to very few of us was better illustrated by a part of what Malcolm X said in his Message to the Grass Roots thus, "The slave- master took Tom and dressed him well, fed him well and even gave him a little education - a little education; give him a long coat and a top hat and made the other slaves look up to him. Then he used Tom to control them. The same strategy that was used in those days is used today, by the same white man. He takes a Negro, a so-called Negro, and makes him prominent, builds him up, publicizes him, makes him a celebrity. And then he becomes a spokesman for Negroes - and a Negro leader." Trained Nigerians are Literate Zombies who have been rewired and retooled into abandoning Nigeria's real needs and aspirations for the purpose of devoting their lives and entire existence into serving the global conquerors. Literate Nigerian Zombies connive with foreigners to go into joint ventures, especially in the crude oil exploration, that present Nigerians as owners of companies which in reality are foreign owned. Due to the control of the white world over the literate Zombies that pervade the entire administration of Nigeria, the white world often act and behave as if Nigerians never can know where the shoes they wear are pinching unless they tell them. Therefore, the US and Western Europe controlled UN do not only always diagnose and proffer solutions to our industrial and economic problems but command the Literate Zombies to accept and implement their solutions. In 1985 when a Nigerian naira was exchanging at one dollar and fifty cents, the global economic dictators instructed the military and civilian Literate Zombies in Nigeria to devalue naira against the dollar so that Nigeria's products would be cheaper in the world market and make Nigeria to earn more money for its exports. Although the only major export from Nigeria was crude oil and its prize, internationally, was not decided in naira but dollar, Nigeria's Literate Zombies complied with the instruction of the global economic dictators. Naira was devalued and Nigeria's economy nose-dived and suffered a great recession. By the time Obasanjo became President in 1999, naira was exchanging at N85 to a dollar. Of what gain was the United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa (UN-NADAF) which the global economic dictators forced Nigeria's Literate Zombies to accept in 1990? Five years later, 1995, the Global economic dictators set up the so-called implementing arm of NADAF called the United Nations System-Wide Special Initiative on Africa which Nigeria's Literate Zombies embraced just like a dog will embrace a bone thrown to it by its master. NADAF was buried in year 2000 without any benefit for Nigeria or Africa as a whole when the global economic dictators replaced it with New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). At the same time, Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) which was designed by the global economic dictators to cure most of our socio-economic ailments by year 2015 was handed over to Nigeria's Literate Zombies and they grabbed it without second thought. By the end of year 2015, Nigerians were economically poorer than year 2000, yet the global economic dictators were unrestrained to throw a new plan called Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on the lap of Nigeria's Literate Zombies for implementations between 2015 and 2030. The enormous power of the global economic dictators over Nigeria's Literate Zombies was demonstrated in the recently celebrated Valentine Day.
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Two days to the Valentine's Day, Nigerian Punch online had the headline, Avoid Unprotected Sex On Valentine's Day, Government Tells Nigerians. Here follows excerpts from the warning: Ahead of the Valentine's Day which will hold on Wednesday, 14 February 2018, the Director General of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Dr. Sani Aliyu, has called on Nigerians, especially the youths not to engage in unprotected sex.
He said it was important that all Nigerians know their HIV/status, .. A young person not tested may not have the opportunity to enjoy future Valentine's Days, if he or she is diagnosed late or presents with terminal complications related to HIV infection and AIDS.
The NACA boss revealed that, at least, 15 per cent of Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of 15. He said that about 4.2 per cent of persons between the ages of 15 and 24 have HIV. The DG noted that first sexual contact in Nigeria begins at less than 15 years for 15 per cent of Nigeria's youth.... Only 17 per cent of young people know their HIV status. The DG states that new HIV infections are currently highest among young people aged 15 - 24 years. It is important to encourage the use of barrier protection such as condoms, which prevent STDs including HIV and unwanted pregnancies. Before commenting on the sexual warning to Nigerians by the Director General of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Dr, Sani Aliyu, I want to assert that if Nigeria's socio-economic and health problems are enumerated in order of priority from one to a hundred (1 - 100), HIV/AIDS shall list 100. In August 1987, the Federal Government adopted a blue-print titled, National Health Policy and Strategy to achieve health for all Nigerians by the year 2000. It was initiated by the then Minister of Health and Human Services, Olikoye Ransome-Kuti, a Professor of Paediatrics under the military President, Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida. In fact, Professor Ransome-Kuti had dismissed the existence of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria then, pointing out that Nigerians were dying of preventable and curable diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever, cough and cholera. Professor Ransome-Kuti, however, believed that Nigerians were giving births to too many children. Therefore, he initiated in 1987, a government's population policy of one-woman-four-children at a cost of N228 million which was financially aided by USAID. Under Obasanjo's government, in 2004, and through his Minister of Health, Professor Eyitan Lambo, a new population policy of one-man-four-children was introduced. In a national broadcast in the evening of 9 January 2007, President Obasanjo announced that the meeting of National Council of State earlier on that date had adopted the census figures of 140,003,542 presented as the total population of Nigeria by the National Population Commission. He said among other things, "This figure represents a 3.2 annual growth rate. This rate implies that, even with our planned annual economic growth rate of a minimum of 10 per cent, we need to seriously face up to the challenge of moderating our population growth to about 2 per cent to enable us to double the growth of our national economy every eight or nine years. We must also bear in mind that high rates of poverty generally correlates with large households. One way of addressing this critical matter is through more focussed attention on girl-child education and the discouragement of such unprogressive cultural practices as early child marriage." The Idea of overpopulation in Nigeria, and indeed in the whole of Africa, was propagated by the US controlled United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA) in 1994, while, at the same time, another arm of the United Nations, UNAID, also controlled by the United States propagated that Africa's population was being decimated by HIV/AIDS. Although no HIV tests were carried out to ascertain the number of people infected, because it was too expensive, terrifying figures were manufactured to support estimated number of HIV infected people and AIDS deaths in Africa. Under the pretext of combating the spread of HIV and subsequent AIDS' deaths in Nigeria, Literate Zombies are recruited and remunerated by the global economic dictators to become condom evangelists. Since Nigeria's Literate Zombies are too mentally lazy to invoke their God's given right to self enquiries, they cannot discern that a country cannot be decimated by an incurable and deadly disease and at the same time be overpopulated. Although the first Colonial Governor General of Nigeria, Frederick John Dealtry Lugard, was a racist, he did not fail to observe that every matured female in Black Africa was mated. On overpopulation he remarked thus, "The custom, which seems fairly general among the negro tribes, of suckling a child for two or three years, during which a woman lives apart from her husband, tends to decrease population (p.66, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa, By F.J.D. Lugard)." Unlike Europe and United States of America, Africans are born with sexual discipline. Prior to cultural and traditional pollution of Africa by the colonialists, sexual intercourse was restricted within marriage couples and between a man and a woman. During the three years a nursing mother breast-fed her child, the man maintained abstinence. Through Literate Zombies, we are now forced to adopt Euro-American sexual behaviours and perversities. While the tradition in our culture was that sexual intercourse between a man and a woman should be flesh to flesh, we are now being taught through Literate Zombies that a penis enveloped in a condom, which turns a woman into a masturbating machine for a man, is the new trend so as not to be infected with HIV and die of AIDS. However, on the infectivity of HIV, the Nobel Prize Winner in Chemistry, in 1993, Professor Kary Mullis, told us, "Human beings are full of retroviruses, and neither HIV nor any other retrovirus by itself poses any kind of threat. Which is not to say that there is no such thing as AIDS - only that HIV doesn't cause it (p. 154, Positively False, Exposing the Myths Around HIV and AIDS BY Joan Shenton). Kary Mullis received Nobel Price for inventing the gene-amplification technique called Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCP) that made it possible to detect a very tinny and dormant virus like HIV in the blood. That HIV is very difficult to transmit, Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of Berkeley, USA, Peter H. Duesberg wrote, ".. HIV could never survive in evolution from sexual transmission. Based on studies ... conducted by the CDC (USA's Centre for Disease Control) and others, it takes on average 1000 unprotected sexual contacts to transmit HIV. According to Rosenberg and Weiner, HIV infection in non-drug using prostitutes tends to be low or absent, implying that sexual activity alone does not place them at high risk. ...//... Since about 10 to 30 sexual contacts are required to generate a child, but 1000 contacts are required to transmit HIV, HIV could never survive natural selection on the basis of sexual transmission, because the host would outgrow the parasite. ...//... The extremely low efficiency of sexual transmission of HIV also predicts that the safe-sex campaigns by the HIV orthodoxy will be of very limited value. Only those who would benefit are those who have an average of 1000 sexual contacts with HIV positives (p.248, AIDS: Virus or Drug Induced? Edited By Peter H. Duesberg)." Professor Luc Montagnier, the discoverer of Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus (LAV), later renamed HIV by the USA, admitted to the fact that HIV by itself is not harmful and can only be rendered pathogenic by co-factors (p. 241, Inventing the AIDS Virus, by Peter H. Duesberg). At the Cold Spring Harbour meeting of Scientists, Dr Robert Gallo remarked, "Montagnier did not conclude that their virus (LAV) was the cause of AIDS (p. 167, Virus Hunting by Robert C. Gallo)." While Nigeria's Literate Zombies in year 2018 are still running around to preach condom-ized sex so as to prevent the spread of HIV infection, the British Guardian newspaper of Monday, 9 March 1987, reported Britain's Chief Medical Officer, Sir Donald Acheson, as having said of AIDS, "It is not very infectious, you have a one in a hundred chance of catching it from sex with an infected person." Over eight years later, the curate at St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Dungarvan, co. Waterford, Ireland, Father Michael Kennedy, revealed on Sunday, 10 September 1995,that a woman AIDS avenger had confessed to him of deliberately infecting 85 men with HIV. Reacting to the claim, the former Irish AIDS co-ordinator, Dr. James Welsh, in the Wednesday, 13 September 1995, issue of the London Times, categorically rejected the claim of the AIDS' woman avenger. He said, "The woman would have had to have sex with each man 500 times to infect him according to the latest medical research. Some researchers say 1000 times (p.3)." A section of Nigeria's Literate Zombies now deals in importation of condoms into Nigeria which was put at 400 million packets in 2017 under the pretence of safe sex and fighting HIV/AIDS. Another section of the Literate Zombies deals in importing oral and injectable contraceptives on a large scale into Nigeria for the purpose of what the UNFPA beautifully call, Access to Reproductive Health, which in reality means Family Planning or indirect population control.
The above explanations about the infectivity of HIV render useless the advice of the Director General of NACA, Dr Sani Aliyu, to the Nigerian Youths to know their HIV status. The medical facilities in Nigeria are not capable of carrying out such a large scale test even if it were necessary. Leaving that aside let us look at the statistics presented by Dr. Sani Aliyu to justify his call on the Nigerian Youths to test themselves for HIV. He stated, "... at least 15 per cent of Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of 15." The expression, 'at least' before the 15% indicates that Dr. Sani is only guessing and that he has no evidence that Nigerian youths lose their virginity before the age of fifteen. Otherwise he should have stated how many youths before the age fifteen are in Nigeria. Furthermore, he told Nigerians that 'about 4.2% of persons between the ages of 15 and 24 have HIV. Again we need to know how many Nigerians are between the age bracket, 15 and 24, before Dr. Aliyu's insinuation about 4.2% can make sense statistically. Dr. Aliyu noted that first sexual contact in Nigeria begins at less than 15 years for 15 % of Nigeria's youth... Once more, Dr. Aliyu's assertion will make sense if the number of Nigerian youths below the age of 15 are known. Dr. Aliyu followed it up by asserting that Only 17% of young people know their HIV status without telling his readers how many young people are in Nigeria. Finally, the Director General of NACA, Dr. Sani Aliyu, stated that new HIV infections are currently highest among young people aged 15-24 years. Again, Dr. Aliyu's statistic is a fraud since he did not tell readers how many young people between the age of 15 and 24 are in Nigeria and which other age group was he comparing with. As it is in NACA, so are they in all Ministries, Departments and Agencies of Nigeria because they are manned by Literate Zombies whose duties are to serve foreign interest and not Nigeria's interest. A while ago, I objected to the harangue of Philp Emeagwali, Gabriel Oyibo, Chris Imafidon and Enoch Opeyemi by some debaters on this forum. Their crime, according to debaters, was that they claimed unmerited academic achievements. As for Emeagwali and Oyibo, I drew attention of debaters to the fact that none of the two was ever employed in the service of any of the MDAs in Nigeria. Consequently, Nigerians have not suffered anything from their alleged false claims. Nigeria has a lot of Ministries, Departments and Agencies created to solve both known and envisaged socio-economic problems in the country. Nigerians who claimed to have requisite education to solve our country's economic, industrial and infrastructural problems have not only been employed and remunerated to enhance productions but huge financial and material resources have been placed at their disposals to accomplish the desired goals. Nigerian Engineers, Scientists and Economists in the MDAs collect not only their salaries and fringe benefits but steal monies appropriated for projects in Nigeria. Employed Nigerians at the MDAs of Nigeria have not been able to demonstrate knowledge attributed to them in their certificates. Claims to knowledge by Nigeria's officials at MDAs are just as false as that of Philip Emeagwali and Gabriel Oyibo with the difference that the latter are less devastating and harmful to Nigeria than the employees at Nigeria's MDAs. If one is educated, one must be able to demonstrate in practice what one is educated in, whereas a literate Zombie possesses no practical knowledge to demonstrate except to follow or obey commands.
S. Kadiri
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Kenneth Harrow
Thanks Gloria/
The dome claim is weak; the others are interesting. It would be amazing to me how historians figure such things as cheese!
I stop at the dome briefly because I know the arch was the basis for it; and I remember reading, quite some time back, how the greeks used it before the romans, but only for underground structures. the romans were the first to take it overground and transform it into a dome. The arch is the real “key” to the transformation of architecture as it made it possible to advance the structures of Romanesque to gothic because the pressure of the weight could fall on the edges, and with gothic shape, soar to great heights.
I imagine history as now flowing in a straight line. So one people somewhere might have invented it, and with time, it could have been lost—as was the case with much of roman civilization with a hiatus of 500-1000 yrs in some cases.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Sunday 4 March 2018 at 16:17
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Kenneth Harrow
Mistyped below. I had written “I imagine history as now flowing in a straight line. So one people somewhere might have invented it, and with time, it could have been lost—as was the case with much of roman civilization with a hiatus of 500-1000 yrs in some cases.”
Meant to write “I imagine history as NOT flowing in a straight line”
Sorry for the error
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
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Sent: Sunday, March 4, 2018 1:39 PM
To: usaafric...@googlegroups.com
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This message is eligible for Automatic Cleanup! (If this is true, wow, it is really great. It makes feel good. But seeing things the way they are with the masses in black Africa now, I want to draw an inspiration from all this that can help me or us deal with the current challenges of human development in contemporary black Africa. Some would not equate Egypt with black Africa. The debate on this still persists in some quarters today. Late Basil Davidson highlighted this in his documentary film on Africa titled: "Africa: A Voyage of Discovery.LIeft to me, I do not want this discussion to be like all nostalgia.
Samuel,
You are beginning to sound like a spoil sport. It is actually anti-intellectual to refuse to understand and discuss ancient northeast Africa in its proper context - or any region on the planet for that matter.
Please assume that the scholars looking at this important region of Africa are not imbeciles and that they are quite aware of the complexities involved. By creating interest in this area of research, you may actually stimulate comparative development studies and learn a thing or two.
Can't you get the point that ancient Egypt or Ancient Sudan are not exclusively about pyramids. It is also about understanding construction techniques and engineering, medicinal applications and physics, religion and interconnections.. What is dragging you back into this old debate about Egyptian identity. Assume that the ancient Egyptians were green and get on with the research. I have deliberately integrated ancient Sudan, Ancient Egypt and ancient Ethiopia into one region in my course.BTW I hear you referring to a lot of obscure European, Eurocentric philosophers .What do they have to do with African development that is more relevant than a study of the Nile region of Africa past and present?
Professor Gloria EmeagwaliGloria Emeagwali's Documentaries onAfrica and the African Diaspora8608322815 Phone8608322804 Fax
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Olayinka Agbetuyi <yagb...@hotmail.com>
Sent: Sunday, March 4, 2018 1:39 PM
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
"The familiar three orders of classical Greek temple columns - Doric, Ionic and Corinthian - probably evolved from Egyptian temple columns with their lotus, papyrus and date-palm capitals."
L. Sprague de Camp. The Ancient Engineers
I checked to see his take on domes, in his comments on roofing but he concentrated mainly on the Romans.
Kenneth Harrow
The important piece is the arch. The dome is only a rotated arch.
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Monday 5 March 2018 at 09:03
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
L. Sprague de Camp. The Ancient Engineers
I checked to see his take on domes, in his comments on roofing but he concentrated mainly on the Romans.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
Windows Live 2018
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Salimonu Kadiri
Protocol-wise your engagement below ought to have been directed to either Olayinka Agbetuyi or Gloria Emeagwali. Nevertheless, I consider it worthwhile to respond to your deliberate distortion of my observation on non-application of knowledge by our supposedly Western Educated Africans, and especially Nigerians that are elected, selected, appointed and employed in the MDAs of Nigeria.
Skickat: den 4 mars 2018 07:18
Till: usaafricadialogue
Ämne: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
"If Nigerians have truly acquired Western education, they should be as productive as their counterparts in Europe, if not more .."
Western education is a double - edged sword. It can alienate you from your culture, turn you into a Eurocentric apologist, eliminate your drive to indigenize creatively, deny you of your self worth, make you an enemy of your own people, and turn you into a veritable puppet.
It could also do the opposite.
Sent: Thursday, March 8, 2018 8:54 AM
To: usaafric...@googlegroups.com
Subject: SV: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Chidi Anthony Opara
The opposite has been practically non existent in Africa, especially, in Nigeria.
CAO.
Windows Live 2018
This message is eligible for Automatic Cleanup! ("If Nigerians have truly acquired Western education, they should be as productive as their counterparts in Europe, if not more .."
Western education is a double - edged sword. It can alienate you from your culture, turn you into a Eurocentric apologist, eliminate your drive to indigenize creatively, deny you of your self worth, make you an enemy of your own people, and turn you into a veritable puppet.
It could also do the opposite.
Sent: Thursday, March 8, 2018 8:54 AM
To: usaafric...@googlegroups.com
Kenneth Harrow
Do you really think all western educated Africans are now self-hating enemies of Africa?
I hope you don't. for my whole life I've taught, worked with, known, respected, and admired more African scholars than I can name. they represent some of the greatest scholars of our times, and some of them are close to many members of this list. Not to mention toyin who runs the list and receives accolades daily, we can cite people like Mudimbe, mbembe, irele, jeyifo, and so on who are or have been absolutely fundamental in shaping the way Africa has been understood and taught in the west. It makes no sense to me that you would reject these generations of scholars and their work, or their students, our students, who have carried on their work.
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
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Kenneth Harrow
I agree with Gloria completely
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Friday 9 March 2018 at 01:19
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Western education is a double - edged sword. It can alienate you from your culture, turn you into a Eurocentric apologist, eliminate your drive to indigenize creatively, deny you of your self worth, make you an enemy of your own people, and turn you into a veritable puppet.
It could also do the opposite.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
From: usaafric...@googlegroups.com <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Salimonu Kadiri <ogunl...@hotmail.com>
Sent: Thursday, March 8, 2018 8:54 AM
To: usaafric...@googlegroups.com
Subject: SV: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Protocol-wise your engagement below ought to have been directed to either Olayinka Agbetuyi or Gloria Emeagwali. Nevertheless, I consider it worthwhile to respond to your deliberate distortion of my observation on non-application of knowledge by our supposedly Western Educated Africans, and especially Nigerians that are elected, selected, appointed and employed in the MDAs of Nigeria.
Let me first refresh your memory that it was Professor Moses Ebe Ochonu who in his post, in the middle of December 2017, on this forum lambasted one Chris Imafidon for claiming to be a genius and a professor at Oxford University. In view of that claim, the University of Ilorin invited Professor Imafidon to deliver its 33rd Convocation Lecture on October 19, 2017, titled : The Genius In You - New Tools, Techniques And Technology For Developing The Individual And Institutional Greatness. Two months after the convocation lecture, the Punch newspaper in Nigeria claimed in a publication that its enquiry showed that Professor Chris Imafidon had no affiliation whatsoever with Oxford University or any of its affiliated Colleges. Premised on the Punch newspapers information on Imafidon, Prof. Ochonu in his diatribe posted on this forum wrote among other things, "I want to argue that we Nigerians may be the most intellectually gullible on earth. That may be an exaggeration, but we tend to be drawn to bombastic, self-promoting persons and are thus easy prey for fraudulent claimants to academic genius. ...//... If, according to the scammers (Nigeria's fraudulent claimants to academic genius) the white man says they are praise-worthy, who are we to object or scrutinize their claims? That is our approach to these men. We cannot conceive of a world in which people and objects purportedly authenticated by the white man should be questioned or verified." Although I sympathized with Professor Ochonu on what he believed to be false claim of Professor Imafidon to being affiliated with Oxford University, I wondered why the Punch newspaper never culled any portion of Professor Imafidon's Convocation Lecture to prove that an Oxford University Professor would not have lectured the way he did or prove that Professor Chris Imafidon was a perfect imitator of an Oxford University Professor, if the paper could distinguish how Oxford Professors use to Lecture on such occasion from other University Professors. There was no evidence either that Chris Imafidon was not a Professor somewhere else. And whether he was a professor or not, Imafidon delivered his Convocation Lecture at the University of Ilorin on October 19, 2017 to the satisfactions of his audience and his host. Thus, Chris Imafidon's affiliation to Oxford University had no direct or indirect effect on the standard and quality of the Convocation Lecture he delivered. The observations of Professor Ochonu on our general attitude of accepting the dictum of the white man and our inability to question people or objects authenticated by the white man were very striking to me since virtually every educated African, including Professor Ochonu self, has been authenticated, directly or indirectly, as genuinely educated in one profession or the other. Why should we question white man's authentication of the education of some Africans but not all Africans? Why can't we question or suspect lion's authentication of zebras as carnivores. The same day that Professor Toyin Falola posted the article of Professor Ochonu titled: On Chris Imafidon, Oxford and Government Graft, on this forum, Saturday, 16 December 2017, Professor Farooq A. Kperogi published his, Remember Enoch Opeyemi who claimed to have solved the Rieman Hypothesis and thereafter extended his list of fraudulent academic achievement claimants to include Philip Emeagwali and Gabriel Oyibo, referring to his article in the Sahara Reporters of November 7, 2010 titled: Intellectual 419 - Philip Emeagwali and Gabriel Oyinbo compared.
When you now accuse me of questioning the intelligence of Africans and castigating Western educated elites, you seem to have forgotten what led to my doubt about the intelligence of Western educated officials in Nigeria's Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs). If anyone is to be accused of underrating the intelligence of Africans and castigating Western educated Nigerian elites, it is Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju and his cohorts that should be in the box to defend themselves. I will come to that later, but let me first clarify the case of Dr. Enoch Opeyemi, a Mathematics lecturer at a University in Ekiti. He announced that he had submitted papers to Clay Mathematics Institute in the USA purporting to have solved Rieman Hypothesis. Hitherto, the Institute is yet to confirm or deny whether Dr. Opeyemi solved Rieman Hypothesis or not. Instead of pressurizing Clay Mathematics Institute to decide whether Dr. Opeyemi solved the Rieman Hypothesis or not, a Nigerian Professor of English language tormented and ridiculed Dr. Enoch Opeyemi, for submitting papers purported to be solution to Rieman Hypothesis. Anyone, who is interested in mathematics, can submit a proposed solution to Rieman Hypothesis to the USA Clay Mathematics Institute for acceptance or rejection. Even if, USA Clay Mathematics Institute should announce tomorrow that the solution to Rieman Hypothesis submitted by Dr. Enoch Opeyemi, is not accepted with reason(s), no sane person should ridicule or torment him for trying. Dr. Enoch Opeyemi's submission to the USA Clay Mathematics Institute of a believed solution to Rieman Hypothesis cannot under any reasonable circumstance amount to false claim to intellectual achievement. Now let us get back to the issue of who is questioning the intelligence of Africans and castigating Western Educated Africans.
On 12 February 2018, you, Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju posted on this forum the results of your investigations on Philip Emeagwali's intellectual work. You wrote to the columnist in the TIME magazine who had projected Emeagwali as a genius in computer science to enquire how the journalist arrived at his conclusion. When it dawned on you that Philip Emeagwali actually received Gordon Bell price in the US for his achievement in super-computing a massive number of calculations that facilitated complex problems in prospecting for oil, you wrote on 20 October 2010 to two judges, Professors Alan H. Karp and Jack Dongarra, who participated in the award of Gordon Bell Price to Philip Emeagwali in 1989. Your letter of inquiry to the two Professors was intended to diminish the importance of Emeagwali's Gordon Bell Price in computer science which the Professors understood and fulfilled your intention in their replies. The negative questions you asked them about Emeagwali could be deduced from their replies. The reply of Professor Jack Dongarra dated 4 November 2010, to your enquiries worth being reproduced here for better understanding : This is over 22 years ago, and I really don't remember. I will agree with much of what you have written. He, Emeagwali, had nothing to do with the development of CM-2 (CM=Connecting Machine). He had nothing to do with the development of Internet. I know of no contribution that Emeagwali has made in computational science. His work on the Bell Price has had no impact. Hope this is clear. On the same day, Jack Dongarra wrote and asked you to add, To my knowledge, before each statement he wrote above. One must wonder what was Oluwatoyin's locus standi in enquiring about Philip Emeagwali's Internet claims? What was Oluwatoyin's interest in taking it upon himself to investigate Emeagwali's academic achievements when he was not applying for job under him? May I add that neither Oyibo nor Emeagwali was employed in any of the MDAs in Nigeria. So, if any enquiries about the true academic value of Western educated Nigerians ought to be conducted, it should be in the MDAs of Nigeria where the academic qualifications of those employed there certify them as experts capable of producing and distributing to Nigerians what the MDAs are designed for. However, the evidence before the whole world is that Nigerians employed in the MDAs of Nigeria have not been able to demonstrate various expertise attributed to them by their Western education which inevitably should lead to the conclusion that their claims to Western education are false. Western Europe from where our education originated is not only natural resources barren but it has to battle with hostile weather condition that limits agriculture to few months in a year. The educated elites in Western Europe who depend on imported mineral and agricultural resources are able to develop their countries industrially and economically. If Nigerians have truly acquired Western education, they should be as productive as their counterparts in Europe, if not more since Nigeria is endowed with natural resources and blessed with good climate. So, it is senseless to task self with the duty of investigating if Nigerians like Oyibo and Emeagwali were academically sound as they claimed. In the case of Emeagwali, he actually won Gordon Bell Price in !989, and he must have excelled considerably before two white Professors could vote for his award. Whites don't normally associate blacks with any intelligence work, especially in science and engineering. Even in arts subject, a Nigerian woman demonstrated a sophisticated knowledge in ancient and modern history of the world and a baffled Caucasian wrote to ask her about her field of speciality, instead of respecting her deep knowledge of history.
Western educated Nigerian elites do not care about the language or religious affiliations of the makers of cars, jet aircrafts, generators, air conditioners, borehole machines etc. they import with our crude oil earnings for their own use and comforts. Similarly, I do not care about the ethnic or religious affiliations of Western educated Nigerians elected/employed in the MDAs of Nigeria rather I care about their competences in what they are elected/employed to produce. And it is because of their gross display of incompetence in office, despite availability of raw materials and robust financial supports that the intelligence of Nigeria's Western educated elites in our MDAs are questioned. We cannot restructure Nigeria without restructuring the brains of the ruling class-politicians & civil servants.
S.Kadiri
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Good point but the Egyptians built their first pyramid around 2600BC and Rome emerged as a city state around 753 BC.
Can we say that the Romans influenced the Egyptians in their construction of the pyramids - when pyramid construction ceased around 1500 BC?
The Ionian Greeks were the first group of intellectuals that we know and they are a bit later than the Romans. The Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Hippocrates and Socrates emerge around 400BC. Can we say that they influenced people like Imhotep who were long dead and buried over two thousand years before? For example, Plato was born around 427 BC.
In the case of Mesopotamia, Persia and even China you have more contemporaneous interaction and there are areas of diffusion and borrowing using the model that you suggest, but some cases are clear cut.
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
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Chidi Anthony Opara
Gloria said that "Western education is a double-edged sword. It can alienate you from your culture, turn you into a Eurocentric apologist, eliminate your drive to indigenize creatively, deny you of your self worth, make you an enemy of your own people, and turn you into a veritable puppet. It could also do the opposite."
I replied that "the opposite has been practically non existent in Africa, especially, in Nigeria"
There is the possibility of exceptions.
CAO.
Samuel Zalanga
Where ever there is inequality in power and influence in the public sphere, the potential for using education or any public discourse in a manner that justifies injustice, oppression or the structure of inequality that exists is highly likely, irrespective of the society. I have seen this across many Nigerian communities where no one doubts that what is happening is traditional and cultural but yet one can sense built-in mechanisms through which inequality and injustice are perpetuated in the society through indigenous culture. It is more difficult to speak against such forms of oppression because people would think one is against the culture. Hegemony manifests itself in many ways, in all cultures but in different ways and at different times.
Chidi
Do you really think all western educated Africans are now self-hating enemies of Africa?
I hope you don't. for my whole life I've taught, worked with, known, respected, and admired more African scholars than I can name. they represent some of the greatest scholars of our times, and some of them are close to many members of this list. Not to mention toyin who runs the list and receives accolades daily, we can cite people like Mudimbe, mbembe, irele, jeyifo, and so on who are or have been absolutely fundamental in shaping the way Africa has been understood and taught in the west. It makes no sense to me that you would reject these generations of scholars and their work, or their students, our students, who have carried on their work.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
On 09/03/2018 06:05, "Chidi Anthony Opara" <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com on behalf of chidi...@gmail.com> wrote:
"Western education is a double-edged sword. It can alienate you from your culture, turn you into a Eurocentric apologist, eliminate your drive to indigenize creatively, deny you of your self worth, make you an enemy of your own people, and turn you into a veritable puppet. It could also do the opposite." (Gloria Emeagwali).
The opposite has been practically non existent in Africa, especially, in Nigeria.
CAO.
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Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
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Chidi Anthony Opara
Toyin,
Societies do not stay stagnant, Africa included. There was evidence that Africa, like other societies, was advancing educationally and in other areas, before this advancement was halted and redirected by your European friends.
You had access to "western education" because that was the only one you were programmed to have access to and since your "African education" was halted, there is no bases for comparison.
The Chinese, for example, were not colonized by the West, they did not receive "western education" and of course, you cannot say that you're better than them in that area.
CAO.
Kenneth Harrow
Wouldn't it help if we tried to narrow down and define exactly what is meant by western education? Does it entail citing European rather than African sources, say, when presenting texts or articles on African history, lit, cinema, etc? should an African scholar never quote me? Or is there a litmus text for a nnon-african, as well as an African, to ask if he or she qualifies?
I don't know what you'd do with Mudimbe and mbembe, or gikandi. Or irele? Come on, this distinction is impossible to sustain. Irele was certainly one of the m ajor African intellectuals of our time; take away levi-strauss and you destroy much of his work, because he used l-s enormously. Take away Foucault from Mudimbe, and his arguments lose much of their platform. He tells us that hegel stands at the end of our attempt to flee from the dialectician, in the interview he gave to Bekolo.
Similarly, more importantly, if you take away irele from the structuralist thought initiated by levi-strauss, you impoverish levi-strauss. If you take away Mudimbe from Foucault, you weaken not only post-structuralism, but critiques of modernism, enormously.
You cannot remove "the west" from gikandi, whose monumental books, last 3 books, establish indisputably that the notion of the west, thought to have been crafted in the west, was done in collaboration, in conjunction, in dependency upon Africans, from slaves and their presence, to the presence of their thinkers, like Kenyatta.
I challenge you to define western thought in any way that makes sense separately from African, and vice versa. Since 1500 the two worlds have been in conjunction with each other in millions of ways.
Anyway, I won't elaborate on it: just send out this thought as a challenge. I once asked gates about his use of western structuralist thinkers, and he justified it by saying, I use whatever is useful to my work. We should all heed that wise counsel
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
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Chidi Anthony Opara
African Education would have been a system of education with unadulterated African ingredients in all its ramifications.
The system, as I said here before was halted and replaced with another.
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
My guess is that we would still have been quoting the works of Kenneth Harrow and other Western scholars, but such works would had to be translated into major African languages first.
The Ireles had no choice, they were presented with no alternative.
CAO.
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
CAO.
Kenneth Harrow
Well, more than one African writer chose to stay in Africa, and not go abroad. There is choice. More choice; with African writers and scholars deciding to return. Names? The former, oyono-mbia, but also many others I knew of and admired in Cameroon. The latter? Mongo beti, Ferdinand oyono, senghor himself, etc. here in the Caribbean, the most famous negritude book is about the choice to return home: cesaire. But in a sense I understand and agree withyou. What saddens me is when young African scholars wish to return home and teach, and are refused, in part because of having acquired an American education....
I can't quite separate out "educations" from the systems of education. The systems keep changing (a 3 yr, british or French style degree, or a 4 yr American style), m phil vs m.s., doctorate d'etat or 3ieme cycle vs ph d. if high schools and universities were introduced to Africa, so too were the degrees, requirements, tutorial vs classroom modes of teaching, exam systems. As for the "knowledge," literature vs orature made everything radically different. Secular v religious made everything radically different; even catechism classes were outside the secular curriculum.
For me the essential guide to understanding "education" in Africa is Mudimbe. He understands how epistemologies function, and takes a negative view that we can be free from them.
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
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Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
CAO.
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Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
Hi chidi
Well, more than one African writer chose to stay in Africa, and not go abroad. There is choice. More choice; with African writers and scholars deciding to return. Names? The former, oyono-mbia, but also many others I knew of and admired in Cameroon. The latter? Mongo beti, Ferdinand oyono, senghor himself, etc. here in the Caribbean, the most famous negritude book is about the choice to return home: cesaire. But in a sense I understand and agree withyou. What saddens me is when young African scholars wish to return home and teach, and are refused, in part because of having acquired an American education....
I can't quite separate out "educations" from the systems of education. The systems keep changing (a 3 yr, british or French style degree, or a 4 yr American style), m phil vs m.s., doctorate d'etat or 3ieme cycle vs ph d. if high schools and universities were introduced to Africa, so too were the degrees, requirements, tutorial vs classroom modes of teaching, exam systems. As for the "knowledge," literature vs orature made everything radically different. Secular v religious made everything radically different; even catechism classes were outside the secular curriculum.
For me the essential guide to understanding "education" in Africa is Mudimbe. He understands how epistemologies function, and takes a negative view that we can be free from them.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
On 10/03/2018 12:09, "Chidi Anthony Opara" <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com on behalf of chidi...@gmail.com> wrote:
Ken,
African Education would have been a system of education with unadulterated African ingredients in all its ramifications.
The system, as I said here before was halted and replaced with another.
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
My guess is that we would still have been quoting the works of Kenneth Harrow and other Western scholars, but such works would had to be translated into major African languages first.
The Ireles had no choice, they were presented with no alternative.
CAO.
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Chidi Anthony Opara
Well, more than one African writer chose to stay in Africa, and not go abroad. There is choice." (Kenneth Harrow)
Ken,
Those who stayed operated and still operates within the straits of single education system (Western education), that is no choice in the context of this discussion.
CAO.
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
Kenneth Harrow
Why do you keep refusing the right and power of African thinkers to shape the field? How long have Mudimbe and mbembe and gikandi and irele, not to mention all the others you and I can think of, reworked completely the very notion of the postcolonial, and now the global? You can't excise them out? There is no line of divide, not one directional flow. The days of colonialism done finish.
To prove my point, you can't read Conrad any more without achebe. And in truth the latter has replaced the former in the "western" curriculum.
What role do you think americanah will play in the "western" curriculum. Don't you believe it has already become required reading in the American university, and probably high school, curriculum as well?
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
Listserv moderated by Toyin Falola, University of Texas at Austin
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
"if high schools and universities were introduced to Africa, so too were the degrees, requirements, tutorial vs classroom modes of teaching, exam systems."Harrow
The Malians have close to a million documents emanating from their educational system about a
thousand years ago.The content encompasses a wide range of disciplines in a multidisciplinary context. To understand the origins of education in Africa you have to include ancient northeast Africa and the West African Sudanic state systems and their educational institutions as well.
Even so, Chidi's points are quite valid for parts of Africa. He has given us a quotable quote:
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
Chidi Opara
Sent: Saturday, March 10, 2018 12:50 PM
To: usaafricadialogue
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Well, more than one African writer chose to stay in Africa, and not go abroad. There is choice. More choice; with African writers and scholars deciding to return. Names? The former, oyono-mbia, but also many others I knew of and admired in Cameroon. The latter? Mongo beti, Ferdinand oyono, senghor himself, etc. here in the Caribbean, the most famous negritude book is about the choice to return home: cesaire. But in a sense I understand and agree withyou. What saddens me is when young African scholars wish to return home and teach, and are refused, in part because of having acquired an American education....
I can't quite separate out "educations" from the systems of education. The systems keep changing (a 3 yr, british or French style degree, or a 4 yr American style), m phil vs m.s., doctorate d'etat or 3ieme cycle vs ph d. if high schools and universities were introduced to Africa, so too were the degrees, requirements, tutorial vs classroom modes of teaching, exam systems. As for the "knowledge," literature vs orature made everything radically different. Secular v religious made everything radically different; even catechism classes were outside the secular curriculum.
For me the essential guide to understanding "education" in Africa is Mudimbe. He understands how epistemologies function, and takes a negative view that we can be free from them.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
On 10/03/2018 12:09, "Chidi Anthony Opara" <usaafric...@googlegroups.com on behalf of chidi...@gmail.com> wrote:
Ken,
African Education would have been a system of education with unadulterated African ingredients in all its ramifications.
The system, as I said here before was halted and replaced with another.
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
My guess is that we would still have been quoting the works of Kenneth Harrow and other Western scholars, but such works would had to be translated into major African languages first.
The Ireles had no choice, they were presented with no alternative.
CAO.
--
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Kenneth Harrow
The Invention of Africa, and the The Idea of Africa.
He has tons of books out. These have reshaped the field.
As for his affect, the negative tones of L’Ecart embodies much of the despair cited by Chidi, that the African researcher has always already been incorporated into the negative moment (dialectically) of the western paradigm. I’d recommend reading his three major novels, Entre les eaux, le belle immonde, and l’ecart. All 3 have been translated into English.
Also bekolo’s film on Mudimbe is a 4 hr interview, pretty great for engaging the manand his ideas
k
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin....@gmail.com>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Saturday 10 March 2018 at 12:58
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Which texts of Mudimbe's?
toyin
On 10 March 2018 at 18:50, Kenneth Harrow <har...@msu.edu> wrote:
Hi chidi
Well, more than one African writer chose to stay in Africa, and not go abroad. There is choice. More choice; with African writers and scholars deciding to return. Names? The former, oyono-mbia, but also many others I knew of and admired in Cameroon. The latter? Mongo beti, Ferdinand oyono, senghor himself, etc. here in the Caribbean, the most famous negritude book is about the choice to return home: cesaire. But in a sense I understand and agree withyou. What saddens me is when young African scholars wish to return home and teach, and are refused, in part because of having acquired an American education....
I can't quite separate out "educations" from the systems of education. The systems keep changing (a 3 yr, british or French style degree, or a 4 yr American style), m phil vs m.s., doctorate d'etat or 3ieme cycle vs ph d. if high schools and universities were introduced to Africa, so too were the degrees, requirements, tutorial vs classroom modes of teaching, exam systems. As for the "knowledge," literature vs orature made everything radically different. Secular v religious made everything radically different; even catechism classes were outside the secular curriculum.
For me the essential guide to understanding "education" in Africa is Mudimbe. He understands how epistemologies function, and takes a negative view that we can be free from them.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
On 10/03/2018 12:09, "Chidi Anthony Opara" <usaafric...@googlegroups.com on behalf of chidi...@gmail.com
> wrote:
Ken,
African Education would have been a system of education with unadulterated African ingredients in all its ramifications.
The system, as I said here before was halted and replaced with another.
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
My guess is that we would still have been quoting the works of Kenneth Harrow and other Western scholars, but such works would had to be translated into major African languages first.
The Ireles had no choice, they were presented with no alternative.
CAO.
--
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Salimonu Kadiri
Western education is a double-edged sword. It can alienate you from your culture, turn you into Eurocentric apologist, eliminate your drive to indigenize creatively, deny you of your self worth, make you an enemy of your own people, and turn you into veritable puppet - Gloria Emeagwali.
Skickat: den 9 mars 2018 07:19
Till: usaafric...@googlegroups.com
Kenneth Harrow
Sent from my iPhone
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
So the West had no superstition, witchcraft, intolerance, ritual murders, enslavement,
lynchings, class domination, holocaust, genocide, fascism, sexual harassment, discrimination and so on? Right?
History should really be a compulsory subject at all levels of the curriculum, in every country.
Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
So the West had no superstition, witchcraft, intolerance, ritual murders, enslavement,
lynchings, class domination, holocaust, genocide, fascism, sexual harassment, discrimination and so on? Right?
History should really be a compulsory subject at all levels of the curriculum, in every country.
This is directed at Toyin Adepoju in the light of his statements below.
Sent: Friday, March 9, 2018 5:33 PM
To: usaafricadialogue
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
thanks for the Mudimbe info, Ken.toyin
On 10 March 2018 at 20:32, Kenneth Harrow <har...@msu.edu> wrote:
The Invention of Africa, and the The Idea of Africa.
He has tons of books out. These have reshaped the field.
As for his affect, the negative tones of L’Ecart embodies much of the despair cited by Chidi, that the African researcher has always already been incorporated into the negative moment (dialectically) of the western paradigm. I’d recommend reading his three major novels, Entre les eaux, le belle immonde, and l’ecart. All 3 have been translated into English.
Also bekolo’s film on Mudimbe is a 4 hr interview, pretty great for engaging the manand his ideas
k
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin....@gmail.com>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Date: Saturday 10 March 2018 at 12:58
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Which texts of Mudimbe's?
toyin
On 10 March 2018 at 18:50, Kenneth Harrow <har...@msu.edu> wrote:
Hi chidi
Well, more than one African writer chose to stay in Africa, and not go abroad. There is choice. More choice; with African writers and scholars deciding to return. Names? The former, oyono-mbia, but also many others I knew of and admired in Cameroon. The latter? Mongo beti, Ferdinand oyono, senghor himself, etc. here in the Caribbean, the most famous negritude book is about the choice to return home: cesaire. But in a sense I understand and agree withyou. What saddens me is when young African scholars wish to return home and teach, and are refused, in part because of having acquired an American education....
I can't quite separate out "educations" from the systems of education. The systems keep changing (a 3 yr, british or French style degree, or a 4 yr American style), m phil vs m.s., doctorate d'etat or 3ieme cycle vs ph d. if high schools and universities were introduced to Africa, so too were the degrees, requirements, tutorial vs classroom modes of teaching, exam systems. As for the "knowledge," literature vs orature made everything radically different. Secular v religious made everything radically different; even catechism classes were outside the secular curriculum.
For me the essential guide to understanding "education" in Africa is Mudimbe. He understands how epistemologies function, and takes a negative view that we can be free from them.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
On 10/03/2018 12:09, "Chidi Anthony Opara" <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com on behalf of chidi...@gmail.com
> wrote:
Ken,
African Education would have been a system of education with unadulterated African ingredients in all its ramifications.
The system, as I said here before was halted and replaced with another.
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
My guess is that we would still have been quoting the works of Kenneth Harrow and other Western scholars, but such works would had to be translated into major African languages first.
The Ireles had no choice, they were presented with no alternative.
CAO.
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
"The societies were .........given almost to a phobia agst innovation."Adepoju
Unfair to the people of Africa who are among the world's earliest innovators of ceramics (Mali & Nubia); water craft (Nigeria); jewelry and chemistry (South Africa), and domesticated numerous plants and animals, some of which have been adopted globally. The so-called phobia for innovation gave us the 20,000 bronzes that the British carted away, some of the world's most daring sculptured temples (Ethiopia),created some of the world's most beautiful and unique fabric (West Africa), most "spectacular vernacular" in adobe architecture, as Bourgeois put it, and kept our ancestors alive with their plant-based therapies - to mention a few examples. The food you ate last night was probably evidence of innovation in the culinary arts and food processing - if you ate bitter leaf soup, egusi or amala - to cite some random examples.Innovations in orature, music and even religious thought and philosophy should not be carelessly dismissed.
A list of Egyptian inventions and innovations was previously circulated. Ochonu's Entrepreneurship in Africa (2018), contains several chapters on innovation.
I would be happy to send you a list of Nubian and West African innovations. Innovators often operated without the support of the state and the power elite and should be commended and celebrated.
GE
Sent: Saturday, March 10, 2018 11:20 PM
To: usaafricadialogue; Kenn Harrow
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Kayode J. Fakinlede
You seem oblivious to the big elephant in the room and are too focused on these so called 'literate zombies.' The technology for distillation is at least 20 centuries old and was definitely practised in Nigerian by Nigerians for many centuries. You do not even need to be highly educated to engage in this. The same technology that is used to manufacture ogogoro is applicable in distilling petrol.
The issue is that in Nigeria, we run a very corrupt system, The system is what is not allowing engineers, technologists, scientists, manufacturers etc. to practise their skill. Our problem has nothing to do with the intelligence of our engineers.
No engineer, or far that matter, nobody can possibly live up to his potentials under a highly couupt system as exists in Nigeria. I speak as a frustrated victim of that system. And until you wend you way through the paralysiing layers of corrruption that exist within the civil service system, ministries, government run banks, licensing bureaus, etc, you probably would not understand what Nigeria is and why we cannot possibly be productive. Even Einstein will be rendered useless in Nigeria.
Leave our engineers and yourso called 'literary zombies'out of it.
Salimonu Kadiri
Non-application of knowledge by the Western educated Nigerians employed in the MDAs of Nigeria cannot be limited to the Oil Industry but must be extended to all strata of Nigeria's industrial and economic developments. Nigeria's oil industry was given as an example to illustrate the incompetence of the much touted Western educated Nigerians in office.
Till: usaafricadialogue; Kenn Harrow
Ämne: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
"The societies were .........given almost to a phobia agst innovation."Adepoju
Unfair to the people of Africa who are among the world's earliest innovators of ceramics (Mali & Nubia); water craft (Nigeria); jewelry and chemistry (South Africa), and domesticated numerous plants and animals, some of which have been adopted globally. The so-called phobia for innovation gave us the 20,000 bronzes that the British carted away, some of the world's most daring sculptured temples (Ethiopia),created some of the world's most beautiful and unique fabric (West Africa), most "spectacular vernacular" in adobe architecture, as Bourgeois put it, and kept our ancestors alive with their plant-based therapies - to mention a few examples. The food you ate last night was probably evidence of innovation in the culinary arts and food processing - if you ate bitter leaf soup, egusi or amala - to cite some random examples.Innovations in orature, music and even religious thought and philosophy should not be carelessly dismissed.
A list of Egyptian inventions and innovations was previously circulated. Ochonu's Entrepreneurship in Africa (2018), contains several chapters on innovation.
I would be happy to send you a list of Nubian and West African innovations. Innovators often operated without the support of the state and the power elite and should be commended and celebrated.
GE
Professor Gloria EmeagwaliProfessor of History
From: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin....@gmail.com>
Kenneth Harrow
We seem to have this conversation often. What to lament, what to celebrate.
As the arts and humanities guy, I would want to add not only creation in the areas of literature and cinema, but to remind every one that the great epic texts found in many parts of the continent are also highly valued creative works. And that the other areas of orature, from tales to sayings to the poesy of ifa etc, are incomparable. The dance is another area of powerful creation—powerful, except when performed for tourists, when its inclinations to change and development are stymied by expectations. And music, among the very best in the world.
The statues are valued and exhibited in the greatest collections on earth.
Why go on?
The question asked may be the wrong one.
One might ask, why is it that certain areas of technology are regarded as measures of worth, and others not. It seems obvious to me that when a civilization or culture says, I can build big buildings, which attest to my higher value, and you can build only small ones, that the builders of big buildings are deciding what constitutes value. That is why I have always resisted notions of “civilization” as defined along European terms, and then read back to Egypt or Zimbabwe, to temples and pyramids, as if they certified worth, while the creations of small scale societies, as among some peoples on the continent, somehow attested to lesser accomplishments. Large scale societies are not in themselves on a “higher plane” in terms of civilization than small scale; and might be worse. The term “civilization” is always already corrupted by this fact that the inventor of the term had himself—empire—in mind.
Europeans created monumentally wonderful works of music; but never accomplished much in terms of complexity of rhythm. So what? We would do better by asking, what conditions led to the greater complexity of musical structure, what to the emphasis on rhythm;; what led to greater orature, vs to greater literature. Etc.
There are real reasons that explain why a given technology developed in a given culture. At the present time, I can say with certainty that scientific advancements of today depend upon financing. Upon money. So as the Europeans might have important scientists, say, the costs of labs have meant, for a long time, that the brain drain required that they, like their African counterparts, migrate to America where the requisite money was to be found. That will change as idiots like trump cut into the budgets, and as universities become more underfunded thanks to the neoliberal capitalist dominance. If Europeans can develop greater funding, it will switch to there. and if Africans come to find the funding, the science will follow there.
I don’t know about the past so much, but I am convinced we could find combinations of power and wealth that made possible innovations at a higher scale than elsewhere. It takes historians of technology to answer why something grew in one region faster than another. At the simplest level, if you are a hunter gathering people, you probably aren’t devoting much time to technological change; if you are sedentary, you probably can. We need to track money, time, resources through history before venturing opinions on these issues. i.e., we need historians to help us answer these questions.
I see Gloria refers to moses’s chapters on innovative technology in Africa. That would be the place to begin.
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Sunday 11 March 2018 at 22:50
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Unfair to the people of Africa who are among the world's earliest innovators of ceramics (Mali & Nubia); water craft (Nigeria); jewelry and chemistry (South Africa), and domesticated numerous plants and animals, some of which have been adopted globally. The so-called phobia for innovation gave us the 20,000 bronzes that the British carted away, some of the world's most daring sculptured temples (Ethiopia),created some of the world's most beautiful and unique fabric (West Africa), most "spectacular vernacular" in adobe architecture, as Bourgeois put it, and kept our ancestors alive with their plant-based therapies - to mention a few examples. The food you ate last night was probably evidence of innovation in the culinary arts and food processing - if you ate bitter leaf soup, egusi or amala - to cite some random examples.Innovations in orature, music and even religious thought and philosophy should not be carelessly dismissed.
A list of Egyptian inventions and innovations was previously circulated. Ochonu's Entrepreneurship in Africa (2018), contains several chapters on innovation.
I would be happy to send you a list of Nubian and West African innovations. Innovators often operated without the support of the state and the power elite and should be commended and celebrated.
GE
Professor Gloria Emeagwali
Professor of History
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin....@gmail.com>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Saturday 10 March 2018 at 12:58
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
Which texts of Mudimbe's?
toyin
On 10 March 2018 at 18:50, Kenneth Harrow <har...@msu.edu> wrote:
Hi chidi
Well, more than one African writer chose to stay in Africa, and not go abroad. There is choice. More choice; with African writers and scholars deciding to return. Names? The former, oyono-mbia, but also many others I knew of and admired in Cameroon. The latter? Mongo beti, Ferdinand oyono, senghor himself, etc. here in the Caribbean, the most famous negritude book is about the choice to return home: cesaire. But in a sense I understand and agree withyou. What saddens me is when young African scholars wish to return home and teach, and are refused, in part because of having acquired an American education....
I can't quite separate out "educations" from the systems of education. The systems keep changing (a 3 yr, british or French style degree, or a 4 yr American style), m phil vs m.s., doctorate d'etat or 3ieme cycle vs ph d. if high schools and universities were introduced to Africa, so too were the degrees, requirements, tutorial vs classroom modes of teaching, exam systems. As for the "knowledge," literature vs orature made everything radically different. Secular v religious made everything radically different; even catechism classes were outside the secular curriculum.
For me the essential guide to understanding "education" in Africa is Mudimbe. He understands how epistemologies function, and takes a negative view that we can be free from them.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
Michigan State University
619 Red Cedar Rd
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-803-8839
har...@msu.edu
http://www.english.msu.edu/people/faculty/kenneth-harrow/
On 10/03/2018 12:09, "Chidi Anthony Opara" <usaafric...@googlegroups.com on behalf of chidi...@gmail.com
> wrote:
Ken,
African Education would have been a system of education with unadulterated African ingredients in all its ramifications.
The system, as I said here before was halted and replaced with another.
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
My guess is that we would still have been quoting the works of Kenneth Harrow and other Western scholars, but such works would had to be translated into major African languages first.
The Ireles had no choice, they were presented with no alternative.
CAO.
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
"The societies were .........given almost to a phobia agst innovation."Adepoju
Unfair to the people of Africa who are among the world's earliest innovators of ceramics (Mali & Nubia); water craft (Nigeria); jewelry and chemistry (South Africa), and domesticated numerous plants and animals, some of which have been adopted globally. The so-called phobia for innovation gave us the 20,000 bronzes that the British carted away, some of the world's most daring sculptured temples (Ethiopia),created some of the world's most beautiful and unique fabric (West Africa), most "spectacular vernacular" in adobe architecture, as Bourgeois put it, and kept our ancestors alive with their plant-based therapies - to mention a few examples. The food you ate last night was probably evidence of innovation in food processing if you ate bitter leaf soup, egusi or amala - to cite some random examples.Innovations in orature, music and even religious thought and philosophy should not be carelessly dismissed.
A list of Egyptian inventions and innovations was previously circulated. Ochonu's Entrepreneurship in Africa (2018), contains several chapters on innovation.
I would be happy to send you a list of Nubian and West African innovations. Innovators often operated without the support of the state and the power elite and should be commended and celebrated.
The work that you plan to do on witchcraft and the psychic world is promising.
GE
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
The 'odu' referred to here is a symbol of the Ifa system of knowledge and divination and is likely to refer to the odu known as Irete Ownonrin, as indicated in the Yoruba version of the text. This is the graphological depiction of that odu:
thanks
Non-application of knowledge by the Western educated Nigerians employed in the MDAs of Nigeria cannot be limited to the Oil Industry but must be extended to all strata of Nigeria's industrial and economic developments. Nigeria's oil industry was given as an example to illustrate the incompetence of the much touted Western educated Nigerians in office.
By the way, I brought up the issue of negative productions of Western educated Nigerians employed in the MDAs of Nigeria to illustrate where attentions should be focussed instead of focussing on the Nigerian resident in America, Philip Emeagwali, on who so much labour was exerted to investigate if the Gordon Bell Price he was awarded in America in 1989 had any impact on the development of internet.
In my previous contribution on this issue, I referred to what our non-Western educated Nigerians did with with our iron ore, copper, zink, lead, and tin. How they produced salt and many other things before our progress was forcibly halted and retarded by the Western Slave catchers. Now that you claim that Biafrans and Niger-Deltans refined crude oil, were those Biafrans and Deltans Western educated? If not, are you suggesting that the Western educated in the Nigerian Oil industry should be replaced with non-Western educated Niger Deltans and former Biafrans who possess real knowledge in crude oil refinery?
While Nigerians are exposed to the dissemination of counterfeit knowledge in its iron and steel corporation, oil refineries, electricity generation and distribution, water corporation, etc., by the western educated Nigerians, readers on this forum are being fed with counterfeit knowledge of Yoruba language. The English words, 'My Mother' in Yoruba language are not a compound word. Thus, the right words for the English words 'My mother' in Yoruba language are, 'Ìyá mi' and not 'Iyami. Here follows some instances when the word 'Ìyá' can be combined to another word to mean different things : Ìyá Àgbà = matron or elderly woman; Ìyá-nla = grandmother; Ìyá arúgbó = old woman; Ìyàwó = wife; Ìyálé = first wife or elder wife; Ìyáõkó = the mother of a woman's husband; Ìyá àgàn = a woman who performs special rituals on masquerades; and Ìyá alásè = female head-cook. The afore given examples show that there is no connection whatsoever between the English language word, 'witchcraft' and the Yoruba words, 'Ìyá mi.' The equivalent of the English language word, 'witch' in Yoruba is, Àjé who is usually a female or a woman. The corresponding name for the English word, 'wizard' in Yoruba is 'Osó,' who is usually a man or a male. If the words, 'witch' and 'wizard' existed in Britain before her contact with Nigeria where the Yoruba also had equivalent words 'Àjé' and 'Osó', it must reasonably mean that the Yoruba people were at the same level of human development at the point of contact of both people. Beside this interpretation of history I don't really see what, witch, wizard, àjé and osó have to do with the inability of Western educated Nigerians to perform in the MDAs of Nigeria as their counterparts in the MDAs of Western Europe and the USA.S. Kadiri
Från: usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com> för Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin....@gmail.com>
Kenneth Harrow
I thought the issues of where to build and use refineries were determined entirely on the ground of cost. That was my understanding of why mexico used American refineries. I can’t believe the technology required there is so specialized. And don’t forget the u.s. industries now have become heavily outsourced, including to mexico. It was the s Koreans who accepted Japanese outsourcing of auto building on the ground that the Japanese share their technology (now to their sorrow with kia); the Chinese just stole it, which is why it is china, not italy, that is in the forefront of production of solar panels.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju <toyin....@gmail.com>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Monday 12 March 2018 at 15:10
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
The oil industry may be seen as paradigmatic for Nigeria's technological development as a whole.
The knowledge used in refining oil in Biafra and the Niger Delta, to the best of my knowledge, is the same knowledge employed in the more complex forms by the larger refineries.
So, the question is, why is this knowledge, whatever its source, not being employed by successive Nigerian govts?
Magnus Oyibe in "Legalise Indigenous Crude Oil Refining" examines part of the politics.
Does this suggest the problem might be less one of knowledge and skill of Nigerians as of political culture?
Witchcraft Ideas and Forms of Civilization
Witchcraft ideas have been discussed in terms of differences between the management of this concept in the course of Western and African history indicating levels of civilization in addressing the subject.
Yoruba Iyami and Aje Concepts
On 'Iyami' and the various ways in which it can be written, and its relationship to the aje concept, the following is helpful:
From "Iyami Aje", Wikipedia:
"In Yoruba language, Ìyá mi means "my mother. In Yoruba cosmology, the mother's roles as the force of creation and the sustainer of life and existence elevates the mother to the realm of the divine. Consequently, Ìyá mi, with alterations in tones becomes Ìyààmi or Ìyàmi ....'
referencing Teresa Washington . The Architects of Existence: Aje in Yoruba Cosmology, Ontology, and Oraturure. Oya's Tornado. 2014. pp. 58–59.
From Pierre Verger's Ewe: The Uses of Plants in Yoruba Society and reproduced in my essay "Expanding African Female Centred Spirituality from a Base in Yoruba Iyami Aje Witchcraft Thought: Theory, Practice, Images":
Yoruba version of a procedure of how to become iyami or aje, described as identical in this text:
English translation:
On 10/03/2018 12:09, "Chidi Anthony Opara" <usaafric...@googlegroups.com on behalf of chidi...@gmail.com
> wrote:
Ken,
African Education would have been a system of education with unadulterated African ingredients in all its ramifications.
The system, as I said here before was halted and replaced with another.
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
My guess is that we would still have been quoting the works of Kenneth Harrow and other Western scholars, but such works would had to be translated into major African languages first.
The Ireles had no choice, they were presented with no alternative.
CAO.
--
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Salimonu Kadiri
All western educated officials in Africa, especially in Nigeria, are guilty of the entire list referenced by Gloria. Education as introduced to Nigerians, whether at home or abroad, is nothing but ego-boosting chauvinism that implies fluency in spoken and written English, the language in which the global slave trade is conducted. Although English is imposed on the country as the official language, only few Nigerians are allowed access or given opportunity to learn it. At independence, the few who had acquired Western education stepped in, not only to replace the white man but, to continue to conduct national business as puppets to the external puppeteers. For the sorry role played by the puppets, they were compensated with imported consummer goods. Therefore, many Nigerians struggled to acquire western education as a means of enjoying life without thinking or working. In Nigeria, great value is placed upon all kinds of status symbols. Thus, academic degrees, both real and honorary, are sought in order to secure status symbols which usually, are of material nature, implying wealth and conspicuous consumption. Wealth to the western educated Nigerian officials, elected, appointed or employed, means spending money for their own pleasure without reference to its source. By 1964, more Nigerians acquired western education but the bureaucracy could not absorb them and the western educated Nigerians resorted to ethnicity, and not competence, to compete for official positions. The Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ibadan, Dr. Kenneth Onwuka Dike, in his address on graduation day, 1 July 1966, castigated educated Nigerians thus, "It must be said to our shame that the Nigerian intellectual far from being an influence for national integration is the greatest exploiter of parochial and clannish sentiment. And they exploit local prejudices not for the national good but for their selfish ambitions. ...//... The worst pillars of tribalism in this country are the educated Nigerians." Beside tribalism, western educated Nigerians have now shamelessly added affiliation to Hebrew and Arabic religions as requirements to get elected or employed into any office. In all, the exploitation of Nigerian masses today by the Western educated Nigerian officials are far more ruthless than when Britain was ruling Nigeria.
These pre-colonial Africa education and cultures we are at times described as having been robbed of, how great were they really?- Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju.
Western educated Nigerians want to forget, deny and discountenance their Nigerian past and in their attempt to conform to the behaviour and values of the white man in the most minute details, they often end up as phoney and exaggerated white man. Take a look at what the Nigerian lawyers and Judges wear on their head to understand what I am talking about.
A taste of how great pre-colonial African education and cultures were was testified to by a Dutch writer who visited Benin, in the present day Nigeria, in 1601 : The town seemeth to be very great; when you enter into it, you go into a great broad street, not paved, which seems to be seven or eight times broader than the Warmoes street in Amsterdam; which goeth right out and never crooks... When you are in the great street aforesaid, you see many great streets on the sides thereof, which also right forth.... The houses in this town stand in good order one close and even with the other, as the houses in Holland stand...
The King's Court is very great, within it having many great four-square plains, which round about them have galleries, wherein there is always kept watch. I was so far within the Court that I passed over four such great plains, and wherever I looked, still I saw gates upon gates to go into other places... (p.106-107, A Short History of Africa by Roland Oliver and J.D. Fage)." Holland was not better than Benin in 1601 but because Holland was not colonised and got her development retarded like Benin, it is developed today.
Before the arrival of the colonialists, we had indigenous names for all animals, plants, trees, birds, fishes and insects. Our textile industries thrived long before Europeans knew what cotton was. The river in which our Yoruba ancestors fished and named River OYA was renamed River Niger by the colonialist after conquering us. What the Shona in Zimbabwe called Mosi-a-Tunya, translated to The Smoke that thunders, was renamed Victoria Falls by the colonialists. About a decade ago, a Caucasian was astonished when I told him that in Yoruba language we had names for week days before the intrusion of the white man into Nigeria and I narrated it to him thus : Monday = OJÓ AJÉ; Tuesday = OJÓ ÌSÉGÚN; Wednesday = OJÓ'RÚ; Thursday = OJÓBÒ; Friday = OJÓ ETÌ; Saturday = OJÓ ÀBÁMETÁ; and Sunday = OJÓ ÀIKÚ. The colonial education robbed Nigerians of their inventiveness, creativity and originality, there is no doubt about that.
S. Kadiri
Till: usaafricadialogue
Ämne: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
CAO.
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
I get your point on monuments, Ken, but we cannot leave them out. They, too, are part of Africa's legacy.I would count every sculptured church, enclosure, obelisk, pyramid dam or graveyard- to the last one - along with the others. Why not?
I am happy that you mentioned the epics. The Soninke, Wolof, Fulbe, Mande and Central African epics such as Mwindo, come to mind. Where do we place IFA - under both theology and philosophy?
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
All western educated officials in Africa, especially in Nigeria, are guilty of the entire list referenced by Gloria. Education as introduced to Nigerians, whether at home or abroad, is nothing but ego-boosting chauvinism that implies fluency in spoken and written English, the language in which the global slave trade is conducted. Although English is imposed on the country as the official language, only few Nigerians are allowed access or given opportunity to learn it. At independence, the few who had acquired Western education stepped in, not only to replace the white man but, to continue to conduct national business as puppets to the external puppeteers. For the sorry role played by the puppets, they were compensated with imported consummer goods. Therefore, many Nigerians struggled to acquire western education as a means of enjoying life without thinking or working. In Nigeria, great value is placed upon all kinds of status symbols. Thus, academic degrees, both real and honorary, are sought in order to secure status symbols which usually, are of material nature, implying wealth and conspicuous consumption. Wealth to the western educated Nigerian officials, elected, appointed or employed, means spending money for their own pleasure without reference to its source. By 1964, more Nigerians acquired western education but the bureaucracy could not absorb them and the western educated Nigerians resorted to ethnicity, and not competence, to compete for official positions. The Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ibadan, Dr. Kenneth Onwuka Dike, in his address on graduation day, 1 July 1966, castigated educated Nigerians thus, "It must be said to our shame that the Nigerian intellectual far from being an influence for national integration is the greatest exploiter of parochial and clannish sentiment. And they exploit local prejudices not for the national good but for their selfish ambitions. ...//... The worst pillars of tribalism in this country are the educated Nigerians." Beside tribalism, western educated Nigerians have now shamelessly added affiliation to Hebrew and Arabic religions as requirements to get elected or employed into any office. In all, the exploitation of Nigerian masses today by the Western educated Nigerian officials are far more ruthless than when Britain was ruling Nigeria.
These pre-colonial Africa education and cultures we are at times described as having been robbed of, how great were they really?- Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju.
Western educated Nigerians want to forget, deny and discountenance their Nigerian past and in their attempt to conform to the behaviour and values of the white man in the most minute details, they often end up as phoney and exaggerated white man. Take a look at what the Nigerian lawyers and Judges wear on their head to understand what I am talking about.
A taste of how great pre-colonial African education and cultures were was testified to by a Dutch writer who visited Benin, in the present day Nigeria, in 1601 : The town seemeth to be very great; when you enter into it, you go into a great broad street, not paved, which seems to be seven or eight times broader than the Warmoes street in Amsterdam; which goeth right out and never crooks... When you are in the great street aforesaid, you see many great streets on the sides thereof, which also right forth.... The houses in this town stand in good order one close and even with the other, as the houses in Holland stand...
The King's Court is very great, within it having many great four-square plains, which round about them have galleries, wherein there is always kept watch. I was so far within the Court that I passed over four such great plains, and wherever I looked, still I saw gates upon gates to go into other places... (p.106-107, A Short History of Africa by Roland Oliver and J.D. Fage)." Holland was not better than Benin in 1601 but because Holland was not colonised and got her development retarded like Benin, it is developed today.
Before the arrival of the colonialists, we had indigenous names for all animals, plants, trees, birds, fishes and insects. Our textile industries thrived long before Europeans knew what cotton was. The river in which our Yoruba ancestors fished and named River OYA was renamed River Niger by the colonialist after conquering us. What the Shona in Zimbabwe called Mosi-a-Tunya, translated to The Smoke that thunders, was renamed Victoria Falls by the colonialists. About a decade ago, a Caucasian was astonished when I told him that in Yoruba language we had names for week days before the intrusion of the white man into Nigeria and I narrated it to him thus : Monday = OJÓ AJÉ; Tuesday = OJÓ ÌSÉGÚN; Wednesday = OJÓ'RÚ; Thursday = OJÓBÒ; Friday = OJÓ ETÌ; Saturday = OJÓ ÀBÁMETÁ; and Sunday = OJÓ ÀIKÚ. The colonial education robbed Nigerians of their inventiveness, creativity and originality, there is no doubt about that.
S. Kadiri
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
Gerontocracy emanated from a civilization's pragmatic attempt to cope with a biological inevitability- ageing.
Supporters of gerontocracy theorized that with age grew wisdom,
and that youthful exuberance could well lead to miscalculations and immature behavior. The system was rotational in principle,
by implication, given the fact that every human being in the society would share the fate of old age, and eventually death.
If you go through the Egyptian Negative Confessions- remote antecedents of the ten commandments, perhaps- you see
particular attention placed on the treatment of the elders, parents and so on.
Gerontocracy intersected with class and power relations and at its worst created an ossified, hierarchical system of domination.
It was flawed, particularly when merit was discounted.
Equally defective, though, were the systems and societies that failed to come to terms with the biological inevitability of ageing, and carted away their elderly to institutionalized "prisons."
GE
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
'The work that you plan to do on witchcraft and the psychic world is promising.'
I would learn if you could explain why you think so. I am wondering if many people will not see much value in such work.
toyin
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
Equally defective, though, were the systems and societies that failed to come to terms with the biological inevitability of ageing, and carted away their elderly to institutionalized "prisons."
O O
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Salimonu Kadiri
In Nigeria the refineries have already been built and Western educated Nigerian petrol-chemical Engineers are employed and remunerated to enhance productivity. The total installed capacity of the crude oil refineries is 445,000 barrels per day which have been allocated to the refineries since 1990. As of date, if Nigerian refineries are functioning at installed capacity, the daily need of Nigeria is put at 408,000 barrels per day and with the total cost of production and distribution, the pump price of petrol in Nigeria would not be more than N45 (45naira) per litre. But the refineries are dormant and Nigeria depends on petrol imports for its domestic needs, while the Western educated Nigerians managing them have become dollar millionaires. Please note that the daily allocation of 445,000 barrels of crude oil to the Nigerian refineries are never accounted for. In the case of Nigeria, the cost of building refineries is not the question as they have already been built and more than $10billion have been spent to refurbish them. Therefore, the Nigerian situation is not comparable to Mexico which, economically, is just a backyard of the USA. In fact, it is economically reasonable to situate all US oil refineries in Mexico because of lower cost of labour and production.
Skickat: den 12 mars 2018 22:51
Till: usaafricadialogue
Ämne: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
I thought the issues of where to build and use refineries were determined entirely on the ground of cost. That was my understanding of why mexico used American refineries. I can’t believe the technology required there is so specialized. And don’t forget the u.s. industries now have become heavily outsourced, including to mexico. It was the s Koreans who accepted Japanese outsourcing of auto building on the ground that the Japanese share their technology (now to their sorrow with kia); the Chinese just stole it, which is why it is china, not italy, that is in the forefront of production of solar panels.
English translation:
Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju
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From SDN Stakeholder Democracy Network (SDN) ( Powerful website)
In Nigeria the refineries have already been built and Western educated Nigerian petrol-chemical Engineers are employed and remunerated to enhance productivity. The total installed capacity of the crude oil refineries is 445,000 barrels per day which have been allocated to the refineries since 1990. As of date, if Nigerian refineries are functioning at installed capacity, the daily need of Nigeria is put at 408,000 barrels per day and with the total cost of production and distribution, the pump price of petrol in Nigeria would not be more than N45 (45naira) per litre. But the refineries are dormant and Nigeria depends on petrol imports for its domestic needs, while the Western educated Nigerians managing them have become dollar millionaires. Please note that the daily allocation of 445,000 barrels of crude oil to the Nigerian refineries are never accounted for. In the case of Nigeria, the cost of building refineries is not the question as they have already been built and more than $10billion have been spent to refurbish them. Therefore, the Nigerian situation is not comparable to Mexico which, economically, is just a backyard of the USA. In fact, it is economically reasonable to situate all US oil refineries in Mexico because of lower cost of labour and production.
If Nigeria should outsource its oil refineries abroad, according to your idea, what would then be the fate of over-educated Nigerian petrol chemical engineers employed in the Nigerian oil refineries? The suggestion of Oluwatoyin Vincent Adepoju, that local knowledge of non-Western educated Nigerians should be tapped to refine crude oil in Nigeria supports my assertion that the western educated Nigerians employed, not only in the Nigerian oil industry but in all ministries, departments and agencies, are zombies without the ability to produce what are required of their positions. They are toothless and clawless lions pretending to prey.S. Kadiri
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Skickat: den 12 mars 2018 22:51
Till: usaafricadialogue
Ämne: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
I thought the issues of where to build and use refineries were determined entirely on the ground of cost. That was my understanding of why mexico used American refineries. I can’t believe the technology required there is so specialized. And don’t forget the u.s. industries now have become heavily outsourced, including to mexico. It was the s Koreans who accepted Japanese outsourcing of auto building on the ground that the Japanese share their technology (now to their sorrow with kia); the Chinese just stole it, which is why it is china, not italy, that is in the forefront of production of solar panels.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
On 10/03/2018 12:09, "Chidi Anthony Opara" <usaafricadialogue@googlegroups.com on behalf of chidi...@gmail.com
> wrote:
Ken,
African Education would have been a system of education with unadulterated African ingredients in all its ramifications.
The system, as I said here before was halted and replaced with another.
So, asking me to define African Education is like asking one to define the personality of a foetus that was aborted. One can only define what it was at the earlier stage, and hazard a guess as to what its personality would have been. In that case, I would say that African education was doing well at the developmental stage.
My guess is that we would still have been quoting the works of Kenneth Harrow and other Western scholars, but such works would had to be translated into major African languages first.
The Ireles had no choice, they were presented with no alternative.
CAO.
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Kenneth Harrow
Gloria, was it wisdom or increased spiritual powers that people associated (associate) with the elderly?
Elders, ancestors, the old….
Think of the ogboni… so old they are past the age of sexual identity, to another sphere.
Was there also an Egyptian god for the elderly, or who was identified as old?
The other thing might be proximity to death, and what knowledges that might be thought to confer.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Tuesday 13 March 2018 at 02:50
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
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Kenneth Harrow
I don’t wish to leave out the monuments, Gloria. I count them all; but not at the expense of other less “monumental” achievements; and certainly not so as to argue for a higher or lower culture. That smacks too much of the colonial mentality for me. I cannot imagine reading, following, being swayed deeply by Things Fall Apart, and then going back to argue that larger states represent a “higher civilization” than the smaller states or village cultures. Each has its own strengths, and I’d prefer leaving it at that.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Tuesday 13 March 2018 at 00:48
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
I am happy that you mentioned the epics. The Soninke, Wolof, Fulbe, Mande and Central African epics such as Mwindo, come to mind. Where do we place IFA - under both theology and philosophy?
Gloria
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Kenneth Harrow
Also, to your last question, I would put IFA under the “word,” the “thought”—both. Theology and philosophy are disciplines constructed around western epistemologies. So hard to reframe our way to define them—as Mudimbe has shown. I believe that the “word” that the Ifa system constructs has meaning in terms that entail spiritual beliefs as well as the power and beauty of expression. We are now speaking English, and it is not really possible to translate works like aesthetics/beauty/art etc across cultures, when they convey something different in different contexts.
I hope this idea is clear enough. to take an African statue, say, and to regard it as art, to present it as art (say in a museum) is to take it out of its own world and context and reframe it in that of another. It loses its meaning and strength and value, and reacquires ones which are new, and usually less compelling. That’s why, if one goes to the british museum to see the benin bronzes, all one can do is weep at the loss, and then grin and bear it when a guide might describe them to the unwashed public.
Deterritorialied, then reterritorialized. Change, loss. Like aging, inevitable.
ken
Kenneth Harrow
Dept of English and Film Studies
From: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of "Emeagwali, Gloria (History)" <emea...@ccsu.edu>
Reply-To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Date: Tuesday 13 March 2018 at 00:48
To: usaafricadialogue <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - NIGERIA'S LITERATE ZOMBIES
I am happy that you mentioned the epics. The Soninke, Wolof, Fulbe, Mande and Central African epics such as Mwindo, come to mind. Where do we place IFA - under both theology and philosophy?
Gloria
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Emeagwali, Gloria (History)
I don't want to prolong this 'monumental' discussion -
but the opposite has happened, as a result of Eurocentric propaganda.
Most discussions about Africa by continental African scholars automatically omit reference to northeast Africa.
I am arguing that this region is part of the continent and should be factored in without any apology,
in the interest of accuracy. In other words, the casualty has been northeast Africa and not the other way around
and this has to be addressed squarely. If you undertake to write about ancient African beverages,
textiles, art, architecture, religion, inventions, innovations, politics, labor practices and so on, then the
northeast must be brought into the discussion. Scholars have developed a phobia that has to be healed.
Africans don't have to be ashamed of monuments either.