Kapandji Anatomy

[Magdalena Liendo]

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The Physiology of the Joints, conceived and written more than forty years ago by Dr. A. I. Kapandji, deals with biomechanics, a subject until then mentioned only incidentally in textbooks of anatomy. Following his lead, every anatomy textbook nowadays has a large component devoted to the functional aspect of the locomotor system, which has become an essential scientific subject. This is the first of three volumes in the brand new 7th edition.

The seventh edition of this volume deals with the upper limb and has been expanded with the inclusion of new diagrams and text. In particular it explains:

the concepts of DISI and VISI, employing the author's own "parable of the three friends"

the transition to bipedalism

automatic swinging of the upper limb during walking

the extension of the body schema through the hand

prehension during evolution

This book is intended for medical and physical therapy students; and for practising physicians and surgeons wishing to increase their knowledge of the functional anatomy of the locomotor system.

- Discussion:

- Kapandji's Technique / Intra Focal Pin Fixation:

- a technique in which pins are inserted into the fracture site which are then used to pry the distal fragment into optimal position;

- indicated for extra-articular distal radial fractures w/ good bone stock;

- using flourscopy, pins are driven into the frx site in a proximal to distal direction;

- correction of dorsal angulation:

- intrafocal pin is inserted from the dorsal-ulnar side to reestablish the volar tilt

- drive pins into the dorsal cortex, apply a levering action in a volar direction, and drive into the volar cortex;

- correction of radial inclination:

- to correct loss of radial inclination, drive pins along the radial cortex;

- inserted from the volar radial side to reestablish the radial inclination and the radial length

- the pins are then levered until the proper anatomy is restored, and subsequently the pins are then driven proximally and oblique into the cortex of the proximal fragment;

- disadvantages:

- intra-focal pinning by itself does not provide rigid fixation and often requires concomitant external fixation;

- propensity for collapse in older patients, especially when comminution is present (since frx fragments can slide along the pin

Dr. Wheeless enjoys and performs all types of orthopaedic surgery but is renowned for his expertise in total joint arthroplasty (Hip and Knee replacement) as well as complex joint infections. He founded Orthopaedic Specialists of North Carolina in 2001 and practices at Franklin Regional Medical Center and Duke Raleigh Hospital.

The Physiology of the Joints, conceived and written more than forty years ago by Dr. A. I. Kapandji, deals with biomechanics, a subject until then mentioned only incidentally in textbooks of anatomy. Following his lead, every anatomy textbook nowadays has a large component devoted to the functional aspect of the locomotor system, which has become an essential scientific subject. The seventh edition of this volume deals with the lower limb and has been expanded with the inclusion of new diagrams and text dealing in particular with: Elasticity of the Achilles' tendon

Barycentre of the pregnant woman

Stance phase

Swinging of the upper limbs

Different types of gait, ordinary and military

Jumping This book is intended for medical and physical therapy students; and for practising physicians and surgeons wishing to increase their knowledge of the functional anatomy of the locomotor system.

The Physiology of the Joints, conceived and written more than forty years ago by Dr. A. I. Kapandji, deals with biomechanics, a subject until then mentioned only incidentally in textbooks of anatomy. Following his lead, every anatomy textbook nowadays has a large component devoted to the functional aspect of the locomotor system, which has become an essential scientific subject.

The seventh edition of this volume deals with the head and the spinal column and has been expanded with the inclusion of new diagrams and text dealing in particular with:

The role of the femurs during the different stages of labour

The concepts of mass, weight and barycentre

How to localise the barycentres

Joint hypermobility

The law of parsimony and the law of universal profusion

This book is intended for medical and physical therapy students; and for practising physicians and surgeons wishing to increase their knowledge of the functional anatomy of the locomotor system.

Basic wrist anatomy will be reviewed as a basis for understanding injuries that lead to arthritis. Common injuries causing predictable patterns of degenerative changes at the radio- and ulnocarpal, intercarpal, and distal radioulnar joints are discussed. Included are specific patterns of collapse such as scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC). Established and controversial treatment options for each pattern of degeneration will be briefly reviewed.

N2 - Basic wrist anatomy will be reviewed as a basis for understanding injuries that lead to arthritis. Common injuries causing predictable patterns of degenerative changes at the radio- and ulnocarpal, intercarpal, and distal radioulnar joints are discussed. Included are specific patterns of collapse such as scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC). Established and controversial treatment options for each pattern of degeneration will be briefly reviewed.

AB - Basic wrist anatomy will be reviewed as a basis for understanding injuries that lead to arthritis. Common injuries causing predictable patterns of degenerative changes at the radio- and ulnocarpal, intercarpal, and distal radioulnar joints are discussed. Included are specific patterns of collapse such as scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC). Established and controversial treatment options for each pattern of degeneration will be briefly reviewed.

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Abstract: Background: The deltoid is the muscle that forms the rounded contour of the shoulder. Anatomically, it seems to be made up of three different sets of fibers. The three anatomical portions in which the deltoid muscle are typically divided into the anterior (clavicular), the mean (acromial), and the posterior (spinal). Different variations of the deltoid muscle have been described in the literature. The analysis and knowledge of these anomalies are essential for surgeons and anatomists. Methods: A total of 21 specimens (12 women and 9 men) were used with a 10% formaldehyde solution. All specimens were dissected bilaterally (the classical dissection methodology was used). Results: In one corpse, an additional bilateral belly of the deltoid muscle was found. It was observed that this additional muscular belly was related to the fascial tissue of the deltoid muscle and its muscle fibers take origin from the middle third of the inferomedial bands of infraspinatus fascia. In addition, the belly attaches to the posterior belly of the deltoid muscle. The deltoid muscle and the additional belly were innervated by the axillar nerve, which is a lateral terminal bouquet of the posterior fascicle of the brachial plexus. Conclusions: This new variation of the deltoid muscle must be considered by surgeons, as well as abnormal conditions in terms of compartment syndrome involving the shoulder. Therefore, consideration of this variant is necessary for the correct diagnosis and treatment of trauma or other shoulder pathology that may be refractory to standard treatments. Keywords: anatomy; deltoid muscle; fascia; shoulder; surgery; variations

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