The Lighting Handbook 10th Edition
Shane Rouse
ANSI Approved
This Recommended Practice was developed to enable school and college administrators to understand the importance of the role that lighting plays in educational environments, to be able to convey to architects and other designers the needs for appropriate provisioning of lighting, and enable architects, engineers, lighting designers, and other lighting decision-makers to ensure that their lighting criteria are consistent with good current practice. It addresses all levels of education, from preschool to continuing professional development. The scope of this Recommended Practice is restricted to learning and study activities and associated circulation areas. The IES Lighting Handbook, 10th Edition and latest versions of other IES Recommended Practices (RPs) should be consulted for guidance on lighting for other related spaces such as administration and sports, and strategies for daylighting, commissioning, and maintenance practices.
The IES is an accredited Standards Development Organization (SDO) under American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approved procedures. The Society publishes nearly 100 varied publications including recommended practices on a variety of applications, design guides, technical memoranda, and publications on energy management and lighting measurement, many of which follow the ANSI standards development process.
The new edition consists of new light level determination procedures and in-depth coverage of need-to-know topics like solid state lighting, daylighting, controls, sustainability, commissioning, energy management, qualitative design criteria and more.
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The Illuminating Engineering Society (IES), is an industry-backed, not-for-profit, learned society that was founded in New York City on January 10, 1906.[1] The IES's stated mission is "to improve the lighted environment by bringing together those with lighting knowledge and by translating that knowledge into actions that benefit the public".[3]
Since 1906, when the IES was legally incorporated, the IES has always been known as the "IES". However, in 1981 the 6th edition IES Lighting Handbook published the phrase, "Illuminating Engineering Society of North America("IESNA"). The "IESNA" moniker persisted until it was removed in 2010 when the 10th Edition of Lighting Handbook was released. The IES is a global organization with sections worldwide and solely related to North America.
The IES is credited with over 100 publications on the subject of lighting such as The Lighting Handbook: 10th Edition. Other publications, many of which are American National Standards Institute (ANSI) or ASHRAE standards, include recommended practices for a variety of specific lighting applications such as office, sports, and outdoor lighting, and lighting for healthcare facilities.[citation needed] The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) references several IES publications for Optical Radiation Calibrations.[4] The International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) makes several references to the IES and its publications in its Outdoor Lighting Code Handbook.[5]
Annually since 1973, the IES Illumination Awards program has recognized individual engineers and lighting designers for meritorious original design in a nominated project.[10] While local sections may offer their own awards, there are five international award categories:[11][12][13]
Electrical engineers and lighting designers tackle many challenges as they strive to create design solutions that enrich the built environment. One leading challenge is energy management of electric lighting in buildings. Electric lighting in buildings is a prime target for reducing energy, as it is the largest end use of electricity in commercial buildings, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
There are many motives for advancing energy reduction of electric lighting in buildings, such as sustainable responsibility and lowering ongoing expenses. All of these goals result in less energy consumed for the same lighting deployed in a building.
The primary challenge for the engineer is to ensure that critical tasks are adequately lit. However, the simplest solution, uniformly lighting the entire space to the critical-task illuminance, does not enhance the quality of the built environment nor does it allow for the most energy-efficient strategy. By defining and confining the multiple critical tasks to their respective areas and providing multiple layers of lighting to ensure that illumination of critical tasks is targeted while not over-lighting adjacent areas, the engineer can achieve a non-uniform, layered lighting layout that maximizes both energy management and lighting quality.
Building energy codes were created in response to the first world energy crisis of 1973. Long lines at gas stations, brownouts, and closing of public buildings created demands for more equitable sharing and distribution of energy supplies. As a result, ASHRAE published Standard 90-1975: Energy Conservation in New Building Design, the first professional consensus standard to address building energy efficiency. Around the same time, new legislation in the form of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 and the National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 were enacted, which began to require states to adopt an energy standard for nonresidential buildings in exchange for federal support.
ASHRAE Standard 90.1: Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (1989 edition) included the first use of LPD as a measure of lighting energy use in a building. The passage of the U.S. Energy Policy Act of 1992 was a milestone in energy code history, effectively making ASHRAE 90.1 the law of the land and requiring all states to enforce an energy code at least as stringent, if not more, than the 1989 edition of ASHRAE Standard 90.1 . In 2000, the first version of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) was published. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 further elevated energy efficiency by once again requiring states to adopt a new energy code as stringent as ASHRAE 90.1-2004.
The most current model code for commercial construction calls for energy efficiency levels approximately 37% above those required by the same code 10 years ago. Current policy discussions reveal a similar trend moving forward. A trend toward more rigorous code requirements, more performance-based requirements, more enforcement and auditing, and more post-occupancy building energy performance reporting.
The best way to combat these challenges is to develop a process that identifies the obstacles (energy code requirements), creates LPD targets, develops lighting strategies to meet the targets, and establishes periodic milestones to verify that objectives are being met. By using a process like this, the engineer will not be surprised by code requirements. By following the formulas indicated, the design process changes from reactive to proactive.
The first step in solving any problem is to first define it. This means understanding what energy requirements apply to a specific project. To determine this, perform a code search in the project jurisdiction. Go to the state agency that oversees building construction or visit www.energycodes.gov to determine which code the project falls under. Read the code text to understand the version of ASHRAE 90.1 or IECC that the state code references. Then go to the local municipality and see what they reference. The engineer also needs to check when the next code version may go into effect and reference it against the planned timeline to apply for a permit for the project. Large multiyear projects may start design under an earlier version of the code but end up being submitted under a later version because the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) has adopted more stringent requirements in the meantime.
This applies to all codes, not just to energy codes. The engineer also should check the actual laws written to see if any other requirements apply to their project. Many small communities have harsh, restrictive, or vague requirements for light trespass. These are found in nuisance articles, not in the energy section of the code. There also may be requirements for security lighting in another section of the code.
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