Universal Xforce Keygen Plant Design Suite 2019
Hanne Rylaarsdam
Plant Design software is used to help plant engineers and designers to design and build models and digital twins in a 3D plant design environment to model piping, mechanical, HVAC, and electrical components primarily in mining, water and wastewater, process, and power generation, in an open, intuitive, and collaborative environment.
How does plant design software from Bentley compare to other vendors? How can you tell which products are best for the type of design projects you will be working on? There are different types of plant design software that will help you deliver different types of projects.
Sequencing of target-enriched libraries is an efficient and cost-effective method for obtaining DNA sequence data from hundreds of nuclear loci for phylogeny reconstruction. Much of the cost of developing targeted sequencing approaches is associated with the generation of preliminary data needed for the identification of orthologous loci for probe design. In plants, identifying orthologous loci has proven difficult due to a large number of whole-genome duplication events, especially in the angiosperms (flowering plants). We used multiple sequence alignments from over 600 angiosperms for 353 putatively single-copy protein-coding genes identified by the One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative to design a set of targeted sequencing probes for phylogenetic studies of any angiosperm group. To maximize the phylogenetic potential of the probes, while minimizing the cost of production, we introduce a k-medoids clustering approach to identify the minimum number of sequences necessary to represent each coding sequence in the final probe set. Using this method, 5-15 representative sequences were selected per orthologous locus, representing the sequence diversity of angiosperms more efficiently than if probes were designed using available sequenced genomes alone. To test our approximately 80,000 probes, we hybridized libraries from 42 species spanning all higher-order groups of angiosperms, with a focus on taxa not present in the sequence alignments used to design the probes. Out of a possible 353 coding sequences, we recovered an average of 283 per species and at least 100 in all species. Differences among taxa in sequence recovery could not be explained by relatedness to the representative taxa selected for probe design, suggesting that there is no phylogenetic bias in the probe set. Our probe set, which targeted 260 kbp of coding sequence, achieved a median recovery of 137 kbp per taxon in coding regions, a maximum recovery of 250 kbp, and an additional median of 212 kbp per taxon in flanking non-coding regions across all species. These results suggest that the Angiosperms353 probe set described here is effective for any group of flowering plants and would be useful for phylogenetic studies from the species level to higher-order groups, including the entire angiosperm clade itself.
Y.C., K.K. and N.P. conceived the study. Y.C. performed and analysed all experiments with plant CREs. K.K., H.T. and Y.C. performed and analysed experiments with orthogonal TFs. Y.C. and G.G. analysed and visualized gene expression data. A.S. and Y.C. designed and optimized the ratiometric transient protoplast assay. Y.C. and N.P. wrote the manuscript and all authors commented and approved. N.P. was responsible for fundraising and supervision. Plasmids containing Level 0 DNA parts: GB0900 (Gal4-AD) and GB_UD_32AB (PhiC31), GB0036 (35s terminator) were a kind gift from the Orzaez laboratory.
The AOG (Advanced Operator Graphics) solution emphasizes ergonomic design and seeks, through improved color selection, layout, and visual function, to improve operators situational awareness. A team of Yokogawa engineers visited many plants to conduct a detailed analysis, review the tasks carried out by operators, and learn about the plant's operations. In accordance with general principles on industrial design and human engineering, Yokogawa then redesigned the GUIs for the HMI displays to reduce operator errors, make their work easier to perform, and reduce physical stress.
Our customers can depend on our service offices and maintenance engineers for support whenever it is needed, at all phases of the plant lifecycle. In line with our VigilantPlant vision for the ideal plant, Yokogawa provides a comprehensive suite of services that ensure safe, reliable, environmentally friendly, and profitable plant operations.
Different bioinformatics tools, including BLAST, multiple sequence alignment and alignment PCR analysis were used to design primers suitable for the amplification of DNA fragments from 10 candidate genes encoding enzymes involved in PAs biosynthesis in C. aronia. DNA sequencing results proved the utility of the designed primers. The primers were used successfully to amplify DNA fragments of different PAs biosynthesis genes in different Rosaceae plants.
PAs, also known as condensed tannins, are polyphenolic compounds formed as a branch of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway[8]. PAs are found in the fruits, bark, leaves and seeds of many plants including Crataegus[2, 9] and their function include defense against herbivores and resistance to abiotic stresses[9]. They are also important quality components of many fruits, providing the flavor and color to beverages[10]. The PAs biosynthesis pathway and its regulatory genes have been dissected genetically and biochemically in a number of plants[11] including Arabidopsis[12, 13]Vitis vinifera[10, 14, 15], bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)[16], soybean (Glycine max)[17] and persimmon (Diospyros kaki)[18], but not in Crataegus. Therefore, there is a need to identify DNA sequences encoding phenylpropanoid biosynthesis enzymes in Crataegus. In this study, bioinformatics tools were used to design specific primers to amplify DNA sequences of key genes encoding enzymes involved in the PAs biosynthetic pathway in C. aronia.
Overlapping partial DNA sequences were gathered and assembled into contigs using the VectorNTI software. Finally, the DNA sequences of each PAs biosynthetic gene were grouped according to their taxon and then used to design universal primers using alignment PCR analysis in the VectorNTI software.
To validate the alignment PCR results, the primers were BLAST searched against the nucleotide databases of the Genome Database for Rosaceae ( ) and against the NCBI GenBank nucleotide databases of flowering plants. As expected, the percentage of similarity between the designed primers and the DNA sequences of the targeted PAs genes in the Rosaceae family was very high, with minor exceptions for Malus, Prunus and Fragaria spp. (see Additional file3). In addition, many of the primers were conserved in different flowering plants, including grape, soybean, arabidopsis and poplar (data not shown).
However, some low similarity (one or two mismatches) between the designed primers and the DNA sequences of the targeted PAs genes in some Rosaceae family members were observed (data not shown). To resolve this, degenerate nucleotides were included in the primer sequences to ensure their functionality with different plants from the Rosaceae family (Table1).
The alignment PCR approach easily, specifically and effectively produced DNA sequences from the targeted genes in different plant species. Degenerate primers, rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) primer technology and PCR-based walking strategies were used to characterize PAs biosynthetic enzyme genes ANR, ANS, F3H, DFR, LAR and FS in strawberry[23]. In that study, the degenerate primers were designed using MSA based on protein sequences. The same strategy was used to amplify full-length coding sequences of the ANR and LAR genes from grape[10].
Several public databases have been developed for designing universal primers for a particular gene across different taxa, e.g. UniPrime[26], and UniPrime2[27]. The alignment PCR protocol described in this study adapts the same principles, parameters and approaches for universal primers design described in the public databases. However, such databases are not suited for partial CDS sequences that are difficult to handle in MSA analysis. In this study, several partial DNA sequences retrieved from EST databases were subjected to contig assembly to produce full-length DNA sequences that were easier to analyze using MSA. The contig assembly of partial CDS approach could be used to improve currently existing public universal primers databases.
The designed primers showed high levels of sequence similarity with their corresponding genes in different Rosaceae plants; therefore, they could be used to isolate DNA fragments of PAs genes from different Rosaceae plants.
Additionally, free landscape design tools offer similar though much more limited functionality as professional landscape design software. An outstanding feature in both free and paid versions is access to a library or database of materials, hardscapes, and plants.
Plan-a-Garden creates design plans to visualize and structure your garden. Its drag-and-drop functionality allows you to pick plants and add them to your design so you see how their shapes and colors work together.
Vectorworks Landmark is a user-friendly and efficient software that simplifies landscape design and BIM workflows by providing intelligent tools for plants, hardscapes, terrain models, and irrigation. It facilitates the easy creation, analysis, presentation, and collaboration of 2D drawings and 3D models. Additionally, designers can integrate GIS file management to streamline geo-design processes, and high-quality renderings can be generated directly within Vectorworks design files.
gCADPlus is a CAD tool for professional landscape designers and architects. The software increases productivity with features like custom landscape templates, site-specific plant databases, and one-on-one online training. A trial version of this landscape design software is available for free.
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