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This offering is a password security auditing and password recovery tool available for many operating systems. John the Ripper jumbo supports hundreds of hash and cipher types, including for: user passwords of Unix flavors, macOS, Windows, groupware, and database servers; network traffic captures; encrypted private keys, filesystems and disks, archives, and document files.
The thing here is, everything works and it generates 2 string password petty well. However, if length exceeds 2 or 3 strings. Well, it kind of moves at snail pace. Then I got an idea, if I could save the randomly generated password in the "b" list that I made and make sure that the passwords in that list are not repeated in the process then i think it will run significantly faster.
Password cracking is not an easy job. Think about the search space you have to go through as the length of the password grows. Your list of the possible characters contains 26 letters and 10 digits (by the way you can use string.digits and string.ascii_lowercase). So, for the first character in your password there are 36 options. The second has 36 options, the 3rd has 36 options and so on. Therefor, for a password of length n you will have 3^n options. As you can quickly see, this number is growing extremely rapidly even for small numbers.
There are n users registered on a website CuteKittens.com. Each of them has a unique password represented by pass[1], pass[2], ..., pass[N]. As this a very lovely site, many people want to access those awesomely cute pics of the kittens. But the adamant admin does not want the site to be available to the general public, so only those people who have passwords can access it.
Yu, being an awesome hacker finds a loophole in the password verification system. A string which is a concatenation of one or more passwords, in any order, is also accepted by the password verification system. Any password can appear or more times in that string. Given access to each of the passwords, and also have a string , determine whether this string be accepted by the password verification system of the website. If all of the string can be created by concatenating password strings, it is accepted. In this case, return the passwords in the order they must be concatenated, each separated by a single space on one line. If the password attempt will not be accepted, return 'WRONG PWASSWORD'.
Concatenate the passwords in index order to match 'abba', to match 'baab', to match 'abab' or to match $baba'. No combination of 1 or more passwords can be concatenated to match 'aba'. Return 'WRONG PASSWORD'.
Returns
- string: Return the passwords as a single string in the order required for the password to be accepted, each separated by a space. If it is not possible to form the string, return the string WRONG PASSWORD.
Each of the next sets of three lines is as follows:
- The first line of each test case contains n, the number of users with passwords.
- The second line contains n space-separated strings, passwords[i], that represent the passwords of each user.
- The third line contains a string, loginAttempt, which Yu must test for acceptance.
Password crackers can be online or offline. Online password crackers, such as Hydra, are used when brute-forcing online network protocols and HTML forms. Situations where online brute forcing might be impractical include a remote system that limits the rate of sign-in attempts or a system that locks users out indefinitely after a predefined number of invalid login attempts.
In these scenarios, an offline password cracker attempts to gain access to a password where it is stored instead of using a brute-force attack strategy. Since systems and applications rarely store passwords without cryptographic protection, passwords must be cracked to make use of them.
A popular offline password cracker is John the Ripper. This tool enables security practitioners to crack passwords, regardless of encrypted or hashed passwords, message authentication codes (MACs) and hash-based MACs (HMACs), or other artifacts of the authentication process.
Editor's note: It is possible to use John the Ripper -- and any password cracker -- lawfully and unlawfully. It is up to you to ensure your usage is lawful. Get the appropriate permission and approval before attempting to crack passwords, and handle the information obtained ethically. If you are unsure whether a given usage is lawful, do not proceed until you have confirmed that it is -- for example, by discussing and validating your planned usage with your organization's counsel.
Simply put, John cracks passwords. It attempts to replicate the password-handling functionality of a target storage mechanism so that numerous password values can be attempted without relying on password validation.
That aside, John is simple to use. At a minimum, you need to specify the stored password values you want to crack. If you provide no information other than that, the tool tries to figure out what format the stored values are in and assumes a set of constraints about what you might want to do. That said, in most cases, you should provide more information to allow the tool to operate most effectively.
While not necessary in every case, it's helpful to know the format passwords are stored in. This is because applications might manipulate formats in ways John might not expect -- a web application, for example, might Base64- or URL-encode values before storing them. It's also helpful because the built-in mechanisms used by John to determine type and format can be wrong. Consider two similar-in-format but vastly different values: an MD5 hash and an MD5 keyed hash. The outputs are identical in format, but the processes that led to the outputs are anything but. John wouldn't know the difference, unless you provide the missing information.
In a more complicated example, Figure 3 shows an attempt at cracking Microsoft Windows passwords. As with the Linux example, passwords must be put into a format John the Ripper can understand. To accomplish that, we used PwDump v8.2.
These values are fed into John the Ripper to crack in Figure 4. We specified wordlist mode and instructed it to use rockyou.txt, one of the built-in wordlists that comes by default with most security-focused Linux distributions. Note that you may need to extract the text file first. The passwords were set to weak values -- dictionary words in all cases -- to enable the cracking to complete quickly. These two examples demonstrate the most universally applicable and most basic usage of John the Ripper. For more advanced usage, you may need to get a little creative. Sometimes, the format of stored password values you can obtain are not in one of the formats supported by John out of the box. With a few clever modifications, however, you can convert to one of those with a little research.
Hashcat enables highly-parallelized password cracking with the ability to crack multiple different passwords on multiple different devices at the same time and the ability to support a distributed hash-cracking system via overlays. Cracking is optimized with integrated performance tuning and temperature monitoring.
John the Ripper offers password cracking for a variety of different password types. It goes beyond OS passwords to include common web apps (like WordPress), compressed archives, document files (Microsoft Office files, PDFs and so on), and more.
Brutus is one of the most popular remote online password-cracking tools. It claims to be the fastest and most flexible password cracking tool. This tool is free and is only available for Windows systems. It was released back in October 2000.
Brutus has not been updated for several years. However, its support for a wide variety of authentication protocols and ability to add custom modules make it a popular tool for online password cracking attacks.
Wfuzz is a web application password-cracking tool like Brutus that tries to crack passwords via a brute-force guessing attack. It can also be used to find hidden resources like directories, servlets and scripts. Wfuzz can also identify injection vulnerabilities within an application such as SQL injection, XSS injection and LDAP injection.
Medusa is an online password-cracking tool similar to THC Hydra. It claims to be a speedy parallel, modular and login brute-forcing tool. It supports HTTP, FTP, CVS, AFP, IMAP, MS SQL, MYSQL, NCP, NNTP, POP3, PostgreSQL, pcAnywhere, rlogin, SMB, rsh, SMTP, SNMP, SSH, SVN, VNC, VmAuthd and Telnet.
Medusa is a command-line tool, so some level of command-line knowledge is necessary to use it. Password-cracking speed depends on network connectivity. On a local system, it can test 2,000 passwords per minute.
RainbowCrack is a password cracking tool designed to work using rainbow tables. It is possible to generate custom rainbow tables or take advantage of preexisting ones downloaded from the internet. RainbowCrack offers free downloads of rainbow tables for the LANMAN, NTLM, MD5 and SHA1 password systems.
OphCrack is a free rainbow table-based password cracking tool for Windows. It is the most popular Windows password cracking tool but can also be used on Linux and Mac systems. It cracks LM and NTLM hashes. For cracking Windows XP, Vista and Windows 7, free rainbow tables are also available.
L0phtCrack is an alternative to OphCrack. It attempts to crack Windows passwords from hashes. For cracking passwords, it uses Windows workstations, network servers, primary domain controllers and Active Directory. It also uses dictionary and brute-force attacks for generating and guessing passwords. It was acquired by Symantec and discontinued in 2006. Later, L0pht developers again reacquired it and launched L0phtCrack in 2009.
Aircrack-ng is a Wi-Fi password-cracking tool that can crack WEP or WPA/WPA2 PSK passwords. It analyzes wireless encrypted packets and then tries to crack passwords via the dictionary attacks and the PTW, FMS and other cracking algorithms. It is available for Linux and Windows systems. A live CD of Aircrack is also available.
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