Assuming the screw is steel and the housing aluminium, it's probably
the latter that has stripped; that's checkable if you remove it and
look. The 'correct' solution would be to retap in a larger diameter
and use a wider screw, but that will cost as much as the lever. If it
is the bolt that is stripped, you might be able to get a replacement.
What I would do is to find a suitable short self-tapping screw, grind
off the point, and use a plastic washer (probably cut out of some
plastic bottle). That would probably work - and, if not, I would have
lost nothing except a bit of time.
That hack assumes that the picture isn't omitting a piston that slides
inside the tube the bleed screw goes into.
Regards,
Nick Maclaren.