On Wed, 18 Aug 2021 05:59:10 -0000 (UTC), Tim Woodall
<
new...@woodall.me.uk> wrote:
>I don't know the answer but I've seen other (apparently knowledgable)
>advice that you cannot just "throw them back" as that is littering (or
>fly-tipping or something similar). You must ask before you destroy them
>but if the original owner doesn't want them back then it's your
>responsibility to dispose of them.
It's complicated, and different sources disagree! Or, rather, there is
agreement on some things, but the question of disposal of hedge
trimmings is not one of them. And what makes it complicated is that
there are two different legal principles involved here: the principle of
property (and theft) and the principle of lawful waste disposal.
It is indisputed that a landowner is entitled to trim back overhanging
vegetation (eg, a neighbour's hedge) where it encroaches onto his
property. This is a simple property right. However, this is subject to
the caveat that the hedge may not mark the boundary, and there may be a
gap between the hedge and the boundary itself. So the trimming neighbour
has to be careful only to trim up to the actual boundary, and not up to
the centre line of the hedge, if the two are different.
It is also indisputed that the trimmings are the property of the owner
of the hedge, and not the property of the trimmer. This, too, is a
matter of simple property right. However, the trimmer is in possession
of the trimmings and is therefore obliged to ensure that they are
disposed of properly. This is a matter of lawful waste disposal, not a
matter of property rights. That may involve returning them to the owner
for disposal, but only in a manner approved by the owner. Simply dumping
them onto the owner's property is fly-tipping, even though the trimmings
belong to the owner of the hedge, because the duty to dispose of the
waste legally rests on the person who created the waste, even if that is
different to the person who owns it[1].
In theory, therefore, what should happen is that the trimmer should
offer to return the trimmings to the owner, but the owner can decline to
receive them. In practice, however, trimming overhanging vegetation is
such a common practice, and so few owners ever want it back, that it's
also common practice for the trimmer to dispose of the trimmings without
offering them back to the owner. And, because it's such a common
practice, if it ever was challenged, the trimmer would be able to rely
on Section 2.1.b of the Theft Act 1968 as a defence, which is that he
has a reasonable belief that the owner consents to his appropriation of
the trimmings and therefore his actions are not dishonest.
So, in practice, someone who trims a hedge encroaching onto their land
can do what they like with the trimmings, either offer them back to the
owner or dispose of them themself, provided only that they dispose of
them lawfully. So putting them in his garden waste bin, taking them to
the tip, composting them, or any other means of lawful disposal, are all
perfectly acceptable irrespective of any property rights in them
belonging to the owner of the hedge.
[1] More generally, waste disposal legislation places the responsibility
for lawful disposal on the creator and (if different) the handler of the
waste, rather than the owner (if different to the creator and handler).
There are all sorts of practical reasons why this is the case, but one
of them is to avoid penalising the owner for waste created from their
property without their consent (eg, being a victim of a thief who steals
and then dumps stuff), and another is to ensure that tradespeople (eg,
plumbers, carpet fitters, etc) are responsible for waste created in the
course of their work and cannot simply disavow it as being the sole
responsibility of their client. A side-effect of this principle is that
the owner of a hedge is not responsible for disposing of trimmings
created by his neighbour, unless he agrees to take back possession of
the trimmings and dispose of them himself.
Mark