On 29/04/2022 10:31, alan_m wrote:
> A lot of advice on social media recently suggests to make a cup of tea
> boiling a cup of water in the microwave is the cheapest followed by a
> gas kettle then the electric kettle.
>
> I did a one off test by boiling 3 pints of water in each
> Microwave = 5p
> Gas (water in a large pan fully covering the burners) = 4.6p
> Electric kettle = 5.4p
>
> Notes:
> My Microwave is also a fan oven/grill and after a short period of
> microwaving the fan turns on and stays on for a short period afterwards
> so an extra cost for the fan.
>
> The electric was measured with a cheap plug in power meter that can
> display kWh to 3 decimal places although this resolution is unlikely to
> be reflected in it's accuracy.
>
> The gas consumption was taken from readings from my smart gas meter
> (reading taken before and after the test). The gas meter reads to 3
> decimal places for cubic metres.
Those figure for microwave and electric kettle heating seem strange
unless the microwave has a power factor which affects the reading of the
power meter. An electric kettle is basically 100% efficient (there will
be mainly convection losses of heat though the kettle body. Is the body
of your kettle metal? That will be the most inefficient on retaining
heat, but a glass or plastic-bodied kettle won't be anywhere near as bad).
According to this "Scientific American" 2009 paper at
<
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/stove-versus-microwave-energy-use/>,
"The magazine’s (Home Energy Magazine) researchers discovered that an
electric burner uses about 25 percent less electricity than a microwave
in boiling a cup of water."
And from a question to
<
http://insideenergy.org/2016/02/23/boiling-water-ieq/>
"A microwave is about 50 percent efficient. Most of the energy is lost
in the process of converting electricity to microwaves (which are part
of the electromagnetic spectrum).
An electric stovetop is about 70 percent efficient, although that varies
widely depending on the type of pot or kettle you use. Most of the
energy is lost heating the air around the stove.
An electric teakettle is about 80 percent efficient, although again this
varies from kettle to kettle. Electric kettles are generally very well
insulated, and the heating coils sit directly in the water, so less heat
is lost to the air."
It continued: "Our question asker, Ben, ran a mini-experiment in his own
kitchen. He set up a current-meter on an electric tea kettle, a
microwave, and an induction hot plate and timed how long it took each to
bring 500 mL to a boil. The results came close Williams’ estimates: The
microwave was 34 percent efficient, the electric teakettle 71 percent
efficient, and the induction hotplate 83 percent efficient."
--
Jeff