[The District B13 Italian Dubbed Free Download
Gildo Santiago
During the Kingdom of Italy, regions were mere statistical districts of the central state. Under the Republic, they were granted a measure of political autonomy by the 1948 Italian Constitution. The original draft list comprised the Salento region (which was eventually included in Apulia); Friuli and Venezia Giulia were separate regions, and Basilicata was named Lucania. Abruzzo and Molise were identified as separate regions in the first draft, but were later merged into Abruzzi e Molise in the final constitution of 1948, before being separated in 1963.
Implementation of regional autonomy was postponed until the first Regional elections of 1970. The ruling Christian Democracy party did not want the opposition Italian Communist Party to gain power in the regions where it was historically rooted (the red belt of Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany, Umbria and the Marches).
Regions acquired a significant level of autonomy following a constitutional reform in 2001 (brought about by a centre-left government and confirmed by popular referendum), which granted them residual policy competence. A further federalist reform was proposed by the regionalist party Lega Nord and in 2005, the centre-right government led by Silvio Berlusconi proposed a new reform that would have greatly increased the power of regions.[2]
The proposals, which had been particularly associated with Lega Nord, and seen by some as leading the way to a federal state, were rejected in the 2006 Italian constitutional referendum by 61.7% "no" to 38.3% "yes".[2] The results varied considerably among the regions, ranging from 55.3% in favour in Veneto to 82% against in Calabria.[2]
Every region has a statute that serves as a regional constitution, determining the form of government and the fundamental principles of the organization and the functioning of the region, as prescribed by the Constitution of Italy (Article 123). Although all the regions except Tuscany define themselves in various ways as an "autonomous Region" in the first article of their Statutes,[7] fifteen regions have ordinary statutes and five have special statutes, granting them extended autonomy.
These regions, whose statutes are approved by their regional councils, were created in 1970, even though the Italian Constitution dates back to 1948. Since the constitutional reform of 2001 they have had residual legislative powers: the regions have exclusive legislative power with respect to any matters not expressly reserved to state law (Article 117).[8] Yet their financial autonomy is quite modest: they keep just 20% of all levied taxes, mostly used to finance the region-based healthcare system.[9]
Article 116 of the Italian Constitution grants home rule to five regions, namely the Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily, and Trentino-Alto Adige/Sdtirol, allowing them some legislative, administrative and financial power to a varying extent, depending on their specific statute. These regions became autonomous in order to take into account cultural differences and protect linguistic minorities. Moreover, the government wanted to prevent them from potentially seceding or being taken away from Italy after the defeat in World War II.[10]
Under the 1995 electoral law, the winning coalition receives an absolute majority of seats on the council. The president chairs the giunta, and nominates or dismisses its members, called assessori. If the directly elected president resigns, new elections are called immediately.
In the Trentino-Alto Adige/Sdtirol region, the regional council is made up of the joint session of the two provincial councils of Trentino and of South Tyrol. The regional president is one of the two provincial commissioners.
Article 57 of the Constitution of Italy originally established that the Senate of the Republic was to be elected on a regional basis by Italian citizens aged 25 or older (unlike the Chamber of the Deputies, which was elected on a national basis and by all Italian citizens aged 18 or older). No region could have less than 7 senators, except for the two smallest regions: Aosta Valley (1 senator) and Molise (2 senators). From 2006 to 2020, 6 out of 315 senators (and 12 out of 630 deputies) were elected by Italians residing abroad.
After two constitutional amendments were passed respectively in 2020 (by constitutional referendum) and 2021, however, there have been changes. The Senate is still elected on a regional basis, but the number of senators was reduced from 315 to 200, who are now elected by all citizens aged 18 or older, just like deputies (themselves being reduced from 630 to 400). Italians residing abroad now elect 4 senators (and 8 deputies).
The remaining 196 senators are assigned to each region proportionally according to their population. The amended Article 57 of the Constitution provides that no region can have fewer than 3 senators representing it, barring Aosta Valley and Molise, which retained 1 and 2 senators respectively.
We are going to Italy next June. We will have 4 days to spend in the lakes district. Best to drive or take a train from Milan? We are a family of four. Stay on the Italy side or Swiss side? Things to do? Any ideas/suggestions appreciated.
Where do you want to stay...which lake? A train to Lake Como from Milan is about $10.00. Bellagio on Lake Como is great to see. Boat tours leave from Varenna and Lecco. I'm not sure of all the activities around Lake Como, I used my stay there as just a relaxing 3 day weekend.
For a stay on Lake Como, Rick recommends Varenna as a home base, or Bellagio as a second pick. It's easy to do from Milan by train (take the train from Milan to Varenna Esino station, and then take a short taxi ride to your accommodation if it isn't within walking distance -- it's best to check on this directly with your accommodation as there are a lot of hills in the area). Once you're at your home base, you can catch boats to connect to the different towns and spots that you'd like to visit. (I recommend checking out Villa del Balbianello if you get the chance!)
Purchase regional train tickets at Milano Centrale to Varennna-Esino station. It is about an hour trip. Stay in Varenna and explore the mid Lake region of Lake Como. Reserve a boat tour of this region as well as a private tour of Villa Balbianello with Varenna boat taxi. (Their dock is along the shore walk between the ferry docks and the outdoor cafes in Varenna.) Ferry to Bellagio or Mennagio to enjoy these villages. Walk through the gardens of Villa Cipressi and walk the lovely streets and stairs of Varenna. We stayed at Hotel du Lac----right by the water. Highly recommend! One extra thing to consider, you can not purchase train tickets at the Varenna station so you should probably buy round trip tickets in Milan. Be advised that the tickets are good for 4 days, so plan accordingly. Enjoy Lake Como! It is drop dead gorgeous!!!
If you wish to visit Switzerland, you can take the ferry to Locarno, or take the Centovalli Railway from Domodossola to Locarno, then the ferry back to Stresa ( I didn't experience this mainly because I chose to visit Lake Orta instead)
For a four day time frame, I'd suggest either Lago di Como or Lago Maggiore. You shouldn't have any trouble finding things to do at either one of those. Maggiore is a good choice if you want to take a day trip to Locarno, as Priscilla mentioned above.
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The incidence of Bell's palsy has been estimated in a health district of a major Italian city, taking also into consideration the potential risk factors that might influence the occurrence of Bell's palsy. A matched case-control was therefore designed, by collecting data from the Emergency Departments of four Hospitals belonging to the same Health District in Rome (Italy), coordinated by a tertiary referral centre University Hospital. All patients affected by Bell's palsy within the health district and four controls for each case were included. Controls were selected from other ENT patients, and were matched for hospital admission, week of disease onset, and climate conditions. Information regarding possible risk factors was collected using standardized telephone interviews. The resulting dataset was analyzed using multiple conditional logistic regression. The study group comprised 381 patients with acute, unilateral, peripheral facial palsy, clinically diagnosed as Bell's palsy observed between 1st January 2006 and 31st December 2008. The cumulative incidence of Bell's palsy was found to be 53.3/100.000/year. Among the risk factors, age was found to influence onset of Bell's palsy, with an odds ratio of 2% for each one-year increase in age, with a linear trend (95% CI = 1-3%; p = 0.005). Bell's palsy was found to occur with an annual incidence close to previous reports. Among the possible known risk factors (diabetes, pregnancy, etc.), only aging was found to play a significant role.
Explore Omaha's Little Italy, a neighborhood steeped in the rich heritage of Sicilian immigrants who settled here in the early 1900s. Today, their legacy is celebrated in every corner, from iconic landmarks to delectable cuisine. Immerse yourself in the heart of this charming neighborhood as we explore the vibrant history and cultural tapestry that defines Little Italy.
Santa Lucia Hall is a gem steeped in history. Purchased in the late 1920s from the City of Omaha for a mere $1,235, this building originally housed several Omaha Fire Engine Companies in the early 20th Century. Today, it stands as a venue for hosting events and partners with St. Francis Cabrini Church, with the 100th year of the Santa Lucia Festival approaching at the beginning of June 2024!
St. Francis Cabrini Church was once the Cathedral of the Diocese of Omaha, formerly known as St. Philomena's Cathedral. Since its establishment in 1908, this century-old building has boasted a magnificent terracotta roof and captivating stained-glass windows, making it an unmissable landmark.
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