Re: PowerMill 2018 With X Force Keygen 2018
Bok Mull
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Hello, I am in the process of writing a 5-axis post processor for a HAAS VF4 with a TR160 trunnion based off of the example one prepackaged with Powermill. The cradle A axis is along the X axis with positive rotation moving the part toward the operator (top -> front). The C axis is along the Z axis with clockwise positive rotation (right -> front). I have programmed simple toolpaths for a 3+2 axis block for both FUSION 360 and Powermill. The FUSION 360 HAAS NGC post (with A axis reversed option checked) mills the front face of the cube with the cube closer to the operator(A90 C-180), which is preferred. The Powermill post mills the front face away from the operator (A-90 C0), which is more difficult to monitor. Not to mention it also mills in the Y direction instead of X! How should I fix it so that Powermill mills it in the same way that FUSION 360 does? Also, Powermill rotates the cube for the initial op C90, then mills along the Y axis instead of just machining along X with no rotation. I would like to force X axis travel for that (Orientation vectors?). Please let me know how I should fix this problem. The NC code and machine kinematics are attached below.
Thank you for the recommendation, @mribble. However, in this case the post processor axis were messed up badly. I had assumed the XY axis would be aligned with I and J vectors, but they are anti parallel. On top of that, 1st Rotary (A) is actually the C axis [0, 0, -1] and the 2nd Rotary (B) is the A axis [1, 0, 0]. I will attach a screenshot of the kinematics setup that appears to generate good code. I have not physically verified it, only read the G-Code. Correcting the axis was a confusing pain, but I worked it out scientifically based on the HAAS example one. I hope these settings will help anyone else setting up a similar HAAS 3 axis with a trunnion. If anyone notices any mistake, please reply to this. Please note that these settings are a sort of "rotational mirror" that bring the part near the user instead of away as the simulation would suggest. It should accomplish the exact same part if my calculations are correct.
The simulation of the toolpath will start with tool displayed, but this can be controlled by toggling the light bulb on the tool entity in the explorer pane.
NB. Not drawing the tool will speed up the simulation.
Profiling
A profile can be performed at each level to remove steps that will be left by the cutter Before, During, or After a Raster - Area Clearance strategy. Additional profile passes can be applied when machining either on either Every Z, or the Last Z level with Offset, Profile or Raster strategies. Note: Offset and Profile strategies inherently follow the component profile.
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Traditional roughing passes are characterized by using a series of offset radial passes. These passes are calculated by offsetting a planar cross section of the CAD geometry and stock model when necessary, then merging and trimming the two together. With this approach, regardless of the offset step over value used, the tool will see increased cutter engagement at every internal corner or when driving into slots. These internal corners and slots are where cutter forces spike, and when the tool is most prone to breakage. In order to operate at a high feed rate while using traditional roughing strategies, the programmer needs to take a shallow axial depthof cut. This can create other tool issues, as you are now overusing the bottom of the cutter, rather than the whole flute length. This causes the tool to store more heat in the bottom, versus spreading it out along the whole flute, causing premature wear.
In contrast, constant cutter forces maintain a constant radial tool engagement throughout the entire cut. Constant radial tool engagement eliminates spikes in the cutting forces. This allows the programmer to take a larger axial depth of cut, while simultaneously maintaining a high feed rate, and extend tool life overall.
To get some real world data, we used the Autodesk shop facility at Pier 9 and logged data from a SPIKE sensory tool holder while cutting 1018 steel. Inside the tool holder is a SwiftCarb solid carbide end mill, with everything running on a Haas VF2SS vertical machining center.
Machine operators need to adjust their feed rates down for the worst case scenario, which can be visualized by the spikes. However, this means for the rest of the operations, the program is not running at optimum material removal rates, as the manylow areas show. If we use our high school pre-calculus, we know that the area under the graph is what is actually important to us. The more area under the graph, the more material that is being removed, and the more efficiently you are running. Looking at the graph, there are a lot of areas that are low and flat, indicating inefficient areas, with the occasional spike of higher material removal.
Constant cutter forces quickly reach the maximum efficient machining rate, and maintains that rate throughoutits cut. Then repositions for the next cut. This allows milling at an efficient rate during all cuts, with constant cutter forces throughout the cut. Constant forces mean less vibrations within the tooling, and less shock to the cutting edges caused by those vibrations. This extends the tool life, and reduces tooling costs.
While saving time is huge, the benefits go deeper than that, including reducing tool wear and breakage, while also having more predictable cutting conditions. Because we are able to use a larger axial depth of cut, we are able to utilize more of the cutter flute length, without overusing the bottom or corner of the cutter. Additionally, the generated heat is spread out along the whole cutter flute length, rather than being concentrated at the bottom of the tool.
Without spikes in material removal rates, setting feed rates for maximum material removal becomes much easier. You can use the data from your tool supplier, or simply start milling, and increase the feed rates slowly to a level you are comfortable with. We like to dothis after making the first pass around your block, in case your stock size was a little different than what you programmed for.
Adaptive Clearing utilizes a strategy of constant cuts with a repositioning move. The inherent benefit is that you always maintain a climb cutting direction, where in traditional roughing operations there may be periods of conventional milling cuts. Because of this, there may be a more retracts than some people are accustomed to when the reposition is over a greater distance. Generally rapid retracts are fastest, however, you can also modify stay down parameters. With these parameters, the tool will not retract to the top of the stock, but rather stay down as it repositions. In many cases you want the tool to lift slightly to avoid dragging the floor during repositioning moves which could generate undesired heat and premature tool wear.
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These ligatures are manufactured by many companies in a variety of different colors that meet the growing global demand for esthetic orthodontic appliances. Also, the possibility of choosing the ligatures color facilitate young people adhesion to treatment.4 Although adding pigments to ligatures seems to represent a great advantage, there is two concerns regarding colored elastomers. The first one is that clinicians and patients may choose ligatures of pleasing color at placement time, but this chosen color is susceptible to color degradation over time, which is a critical concern. Ardeshna et al5 reported that food diet may affect elastomers color. The second question is whether force delivery is affected by adding pigments to elastomers. Oliveira et al6 reported that elastomers of different colors have different initial force and residual force over time.
The important clinical issue about elastomers is force delivery and force degradation of these materials over time. The force exerted by elastomers depends on the initial force and force decay rate, many studies reported 50-70% force loss in the first 24 hours.3,4,6
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